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Chukhutsina VU, Baxter JM, Fadini A, Morgan RM, Pope MA, Maghlaoui K, Orr CM, Wagner A, van Thor JJ. Light activation of Orange Carotenoid Protein reveals bicycle-pedal single-bond isomerization. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6420. [PMID: 36307413 PMCID: PMC9616832 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34137-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Orange Carotenoid protein (OCP) is the only known photoreceptor which uses carotenoid for its activation. It is found exclusively in cyanobacteria, where it functions to control light-harvesting of the photosynthetic machinery. However, the photochemical reactions and structural dynamics of this unique photosensing process are not yet resolved. We present time-resolved crystal structures at second-to-minute delays under bright illumination, capturing the early photoproduct and structures of the subsequent reaction intermediates. The first stable photoproduct shows concerted isomerization of C9'-C8' and C7'-C6' single bonds in the bicycle-pedal (s-BP) manner and structural changes in the N-terminal domain with minute timescale kinetics. These are followed by a thermally-driven recovery of the s-BP isomer to the dark state carotenoid configuration. Structural changes propagate to the C-terminal domain, resulting, at later time, in the H-bond rupture of the carotenoid keto group with protein residues. Solution FTIR and UV/Vis spectroscopy support the single bond isomerization of the carotenoid in the s-BP manner and subsequent thermal structural reactions as the basis of OCP photoreception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volha U. Chukhutsina
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - James M. Baxter
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Alisia Fadini
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Rhodri M. Morgan
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Matthew A. Pope
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Karim Maghlaoui
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Christian M. Orr
- grid.18785.330000 0004 1764 0696Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE UK
| | - Armin Wagner
- grid.18785.330000 0004 1764 0696Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE UK
| | - Jasper J. van Thor
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
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Fish WW. Novel procedure for the extraction and concentration of carotenoid-containing chromoplasts from selected plant systems. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:1486-90. [PMID: 17300157 DOI: 10.1021/jf0626213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Natural sources of carotenoids for nutraceutical use are desired by the food industry as a result of the increased production of convenience and other highly processed foods. As new physiological roles are discovered for some of the minor carotenoids that are found in only small amounts in present sources, the need for discovery of new sources will amplify. Thus, a method is needed that will effectively and gently concentrate carotenoids from potential new sources for subsequent identification and analysis. A procedure is presented by which carotenoid-containing tissue chromoplasts can be extracted and subsequently concentrated by precipitation, all in an aqueous milieu. The chromoplasts are extracted and solubilized with 0.3% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in water. The addition of a nominally equal volume of acetonitrile to the chromoplasts in SDS immediately precipitates the chromoplasts out of solution with generally >90% recovery. Carotenoids contained in the concentrated, still-intact chromoplasts can then be solubilized by organic solvent extraction for subsequent analysis. This methodology offers a means to effectively and gently concentrate carotenoids from fruit tissues where yields are often low (e.g., yellow watermelon).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne W Fish
- South Central Agriculture Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 159, Highway 3 West, Lane, OK 74555, USA.
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Fish WW. Interaction of sodium dodecyl sulfate with watermelon chromoplasts and examination of the organization of lycopene within the chromoplasts. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:8294-300. [PMID: 17032042 DOI: 10.1021/jf061468+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The properties of plant-derived precipitates of watermelon lycopene were examined in aqueous sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as part of an ongoing effort to develop simpler, more economical ways to quantify carotenoids in melon fruit. Levels of SDS >0.2% were found to increase the water solubility of lycopene in the state in which it was isolated from watermelon. Electron microscopy and chemical analyses suggested that the watermelon lycopene as isolated is packaged inside a membrane to form a chromoplast. Spectral peaks in the visible region of the watermelon chromoplasts in SDS exhibited a bathochromic shift from those in organic solvent. Watermelon chromoplasts in SDS exhibited pronounced circular dichroic activity in the visible region. Binding measurements indicated that about 120 molecules of SDS were bound per molecule of lycopene inside the chromoplast; likely, the detergent molecules are bound to the chromoplast membrane. Around 80% of the chromoplast-SDS complexes were retained on a 0.45 mum membrane filter. Together, these observations are consistent with lycopene in a J-type chiral arrangement inside a membrane to form a chromoplast. The binding of SDS molecules to the chromoplast membrane form a complex that is extensively more water-soluble than the chromoplast alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne W Fish
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, South Central Agriculture Research Laboratory, P.O. Box 159, Highway 3 West, Lane, OK 74555, USA.
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4
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Perkins-Veazie P, Collins JK, Davis AR, Roberts W. Carotenoid content of 50 watermelon cultivars. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:2593-7. [PMID: 16569049 DOI: 10.1021/jf052066p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The lycopene content of 50 commercial cultivars of seeded and seedless red-fleshed watermelons was determined. Scanning colorimetric and spectrophotometric assays of total lycopene were used to separate watermelon cultivars into low (<50 mg/kg fw), average (50-70 mg/kg fw), high (70-90 mg/kg fw), and very high (>90 mg/kg fw). Cultivars varied greatly in lycopene content, ranging from 33 to 100 mg/kg. Most of the seeded hybrid cultivars had average lycopene contents. Sixteen of the 33 seedless types had lycopene contents in the high and very high ranges. All-trans-lycopene was the predominant carotenoid (84-97%) in all watermelon cultivars measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, but the germplasm differed in the relative amounts of cis-lycopene, beta-carotene, and phytofluene. Red-fleshed watermelon genotypes vary extensively in carotenoid content and offer opportunities for developing watermelons with specifically enhanced carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penelope Perkins-Veazie
- South Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Lane, Oklahoma, USA.
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5
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Frank HA, Josue JS, Bautista JA, van der Hoef I, Jansen FJ, Lugtenburg J, Wiederrecht G, Christensen RL. Spectroscopic and Photochemical Properties of Open-Chain Carotenoids. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013321l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harry A. Frank
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
| | - Jesusa S. Josue
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
| | - James A. Bautista
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
| | - Ineke van der Hoef
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
| | - Frans Jos Jansen
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
| | - Johan Lugtenburg
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
| | - Gary Wiederrecht
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
| | - Ronald L. Christensen
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
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Pursch M, Vanderhart DL, Sander LC, Gu X, Nguyen T, Wise SA, Gajewski DA. C30 Self-Assembled Monolayers on Silica, Titania, and Zirconia: HPLC Performance, Atomic Force Microscopy, Ellipsometry, and NMR Studies of Molecular Dynamics and Uniformity of Coverage. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja993705d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Pursch
- Contribution from the Analytical Chemistry Division, Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, Polymers Division, Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Building Materials Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, and Semiconductor Electronics Division, Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - David L. Vanderhart
- Contribution from the Analytical Chemistry Division, Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, Polymers Division, Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Building Materials Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, and Semiconductor Electronics Division, Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Lane C. Sander
- Contribution from the Analytical Chemistry Division, Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, Polymers Division, Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Building Materials Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, and Semiconductor Electronics Division, Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Xiaohong Gu
- Contribution from the Analytical Chemistry Division, Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, Polymers Division, Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Building Materials Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, and Semiconductor Electronics Division, Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Tinh Nguyen
- Contribution from the Analytical Chemistry Division, Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, Polymers Division, Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Building Materials Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, and Semiconductor Electronics Division, Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Stephen A. Wise
- Contribution from the Analytical Chemistry Division, Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, Polymers Division, Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Building Materials Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, and Semiconductor Electronics Division, Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Donald A. Gajewski
- Contribution from the Analytical Chemistry Division, Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, Polymers Division, Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Building Materials Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, and Semiconductor Electronics Division, Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
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7
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Pursch M, Sander LC, Egelhaaf HJ, Raitza M, Wise SA, Oelkrug D, Albert K. Architecture and Dynamics of C22 Bonded Interphases. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja983046p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Pursch
- Contribution from the Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Lane C. Sander
- Contribution from the Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Hans-J. Egelhaaf
- Contribution from the Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Martin Raitza
- Contribution from the Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Stephen A. Wise
- Contribution from the Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Dieter Oelkrug
- Contribution from the Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Klaus Albert
- Contribution from the Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
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9
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STRAIN HH, THOMAS MR, CRESPI HL, KATZ JJ. Deuterio-carotenoid pigments from fully deuterated green algae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1961; 52:517-26. [PMID: 13917602 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(61)90410-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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10
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ZECHMEISTER L. Some in vitro conversions of naturally occurring carotenoids. FORTSCHRITTE DER CHEMIE ORGANISCHER NATURSTOFFE = PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS. PROGRES DANS LA CHIMIE DES SUBSTANCES ORGANIQUES NATURELLES 1958; 15:31-82. [PMID: 13597974 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-7162-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
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11
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Devore GW. Isomerization of β-Carotene with Sunlight. Science 1955; 121:707-8. [PMID: 17734267 DOI: 10.1126/science.121.3150.707-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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12
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Yeh PY. Isomerization of β-Carotene with Sunlight. Science 1955. [DOI: 10.1126/science.121.3150.707.a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Yuan Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Formosa
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13
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Physiological Availability of the Vitamins. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 1947. [DOI: 10.1016/s0083-6729(08)60806-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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