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Kumar M, Verma S, Mishra V, Reiser O, Verma AK. Visible-Light-Accelerated Copper-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of N-Tosylcyclopropylamines with Alkynes/Alkenes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6263-6272. [PMID: 35476544 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Copper-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloadditions of N-tosylcyclopropylamine with alkynes and alkenes have been accomplished under visible light irradiation. The developed approach is compatible with a range of functionalities and allows the synthesis of diversified aminated cyclopentene and cyclopentane derivatives being relevant for drug synthesis. The protocol is operationally simple and economically affordable as it does not require any ligand, base, or additives. As the key step, the one-electron oxidation of the N-tosyl moiety by visible light-induced homolysis of a transient Cu(II)-tosylamide complex is proposed, providing a facile entry for N-centered radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.,Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Shalini Verma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Vivek Mishra
- Amity Institute of Click-Chemistry Research and Studies, Amity University, Noida 201313, India
| | - Oliver Reiser
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Akhilesh K Verma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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2
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Ganley JM, Murray PRD, Knowles RR. Photocatalytic Generation of Aminium Radical Cations for C─N Bond Formation. ACS Catal 2020; 10:11712-11738. [PMID: 33163257 PMCID: PMC7644096 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aminium radical cations have been extensively studied as electrophilic aminating species that readily participate in C─N bond forming processes with alkenes and arenes. However, their utility in synthesis has been limited, as their generation required unstable, reactive starting materials and harsh reaction conditions. Visible-light photoredox catalysis has emerged as a platform for the mild production of aminium radical cations from either unfunctionalized or N-functionalized amines. This Perspective covers recent synthetic methods that rely on the photocatalytic generation of aminium radical cations for C─N bond formation, specifically in the context of alkene hydroamination, arene C─H bond amination, and the mesolytic bond cleavage of alkoxyamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Ganley
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Philip R D Murray
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Robert R Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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3
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Sokolova OO, Bower JF. Selective Carbon–Carbon Bond Cleavage of Cyclopropylamine Derivatives. Chem Rev 2020; 121:80-109. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga O. Sokolova
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - John F. Bower
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
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4
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Singh S, Simaan M, Marek I. Pd-Catalyzed Selective Remote Ring Opening of Polysubstituted Cyclopropanols. Chemistry 2018; 24:8553-8557. [PMID: 29694690 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The distant functionalization of ω-ene cyclopropanols is induced by a Pd-catalyzed Heck reaction triggering a "metal-walk" and selective ring-opening of the three-membered ring. This approach provides a new class of acyclic aldehydes possessing concomitantly a stereodefined double bond and a quaternary carbon stereocenter α to the carbonyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhdev Singh
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
| | - Marwan Simaan
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
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5
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Kuang Y, Ning Y, Zhu J, Wang Y. Dirhodium(II)-Catalyzed (3 + 2) Cycloaddition of the N-Arylaminocyclopropane with Alkene Derivatives. Org Lett 2018; 20:2693-2697. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Kuang
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610046, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yangbo Ning
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610046, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610046, China
| | - Yuanhua Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610046, China
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Fustero S, Sedgwick DM, Román R, Barrio P. Recent advances in the synthesis of functionalised monofluorinated compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9706-9725. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05181j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, we have tackled the synthesis of interesting monofluorinated organic molecules, such as: dihydronaphthalene derivatives, β-fluoro sulfones and related carbonyl compounds, fluorohydrins and allylic alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santos Fustero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad de Valencia
- E-46100 Burjassot
- Spain
- Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas
| | - Daniel M. Sedgwick
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad de Valencia
- E-46100 Burjassot
- Spain
- Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas
| | - Raquel Román
- Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe
- E-46012 Valencia
- Spain
| | - Pablo Barrio
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad de Valencia
- E-46100 Burjassot
- Spain
- Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas
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Morris SA, Wang J, Zheng N. The Prowess of Photogenerated Amine Radical Cations in Cascade Reactions: From Carbocycles to Heterocycles. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:1957-68. [PMID: 27536956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cascade reactions represent a class of ideal organic reactions because they empower efficiency, elegance, and novelty. However, development of cascade reactions remains a daunting task for synthetic chemists. Radicals are known to be well suited for cascade reactions. Compared with widely used carbon-based radicals, nitrogen-based radicals, such as neutral aminyl radicals and protonated aminyl radicals (amine radical cations), are underutilized, although they are behind some notable synthetic methods such as the Hofmann-Löffler-Freytag reaction. The constraint on their usage is generally attributed to the limited number of available stable precursors. Since amine radical cations offer increased reactivity and selectivity in chemical transformations compared with neutral aminyl radicals, their generation is of utmost importance. Recently, a surge of reports has been revealed using visible light photoredox catalysis. It has been demonstrated that amines can act as an electron donor in a reductive quenching cycle while the amine itself is oxidized to the amine radical cation. Although a number of methods exist to generate amine radical cations, the photochemical formation of these species offers many practical advantages. In this Account, we discuss our journey to the development of annulation reactions with various π-bonds and electrophilic addition reactions to alkenes using photogenerated amine radical cations. Various carbocycles and heterocycles are produced by these reactions. In our annulation work, we first show that single electron photooxidation of cyclopropylanilines to the amine radical cations triggers ring opening of the strained carbocycle, producing distonic radical cations. These odd-electron species are shown to react with alkenes and alkynes to yield the corresponding cyclopentanes and cyclopentenes in an overall redox neutral process. Further development of this annulation reaction allows us to achieve the [4 + 2] annulation of cyclobutylanilines with alkynes. In our work on electrophilic addition reactions to alkenes, we reveal that photogenerated amine radical cations are capable of undergoing the electrophilic addition reactions to alkenes to form a variety of indoles and indolines. This chemistry represents a rare oxidative C-N bond-forming reaction using visible light. Conclusions drawn from observational results and proposed mechanisms are outlined in this Account. Additionally, open discussion of our successes and deficiencies in our experiences will give readers helpful insights as to how these species tend to react. The overall utility of photogenerated amine radical cations has yet to reach its full potential. With our current results, we anticipate more new transformations can still be derived from the ring opening processes of cyclopropylanilines and cyclobutylanilines under visible light photocatalysis. Additionally, since utilizing photogenerated amine radical cations in C-N bond-forming reactions has practically been absent in literature, we are confident more new reactions have yet been exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A. Morris
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Jiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Nan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
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8
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Rassadin VA, Six Y. Ring-opening, cycloaddition and rearrangement reactions of nitrogen-substituted cyclopropane derivatives. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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9
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Lepronier A, Achard T, Giordano L, Tenaglia A, Buono G, Clavier H. Palladium-Catalyzed [2+1] Cycloadditions Affording Vinylidenecyclopropanes as Precursors of 7-Membered Carbocycles. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Bloom S, Bume DD, Pitts CR, Lectka T. Site-Selective Approach to β-Fluorination: Photocatalyzed Ring Opening of Cyclopropanols. Chemistry 2015; 21:8060-3. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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11
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Yu P, Zheng SC, Yang NY, Tan B, Liu XY. Phosphine-Catalyzed Remote β-CH Functionalization of Amines Triggered by Trifluoromethylation of Alkenes: One-Pot Synthesis of Bistrifluoromethylated Enamides and Oxazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201412310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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12
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Yu P, Zheng SC, Yang NY, Tan B, Liu XY. Phosphine-Catalyzed Remote β-CH Functionalization of Amines Triggered by Trifluoromethylation of Alkenes: One-Pot Synthesis of Bistrifluoromethylated Enamides and Oxazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:4041-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201412310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Shen MH, Lu XL, Xu HD. Copper(ii) acetate catalysed ring-opening cross-coupling of cyclopropanols with sulfonyl azides. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20729k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A copper(ii) acetate catalyzed ring-opening cross-coupling of cyclopropanol with sulfonyl azide has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hua Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou
- China
| | - Xiao-Long Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou
- China
| | - Hua-Dong Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou
- China
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Nguyen TH, Maity S, Zheng N. Visible light mediated intermolecular [3 + 2] annulation of cyclopropylanilines with alkynes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:975-80. [PMID: 24991247 PMCID: PMC4077375 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermolecular [3 + 2] annulation of cyclopropylanilines with alkynes is realized using visible light photoredox catalysis, yielding a variety of cyclic allylic amines in fair to good yields. This method exhibits significant group tolerance particularly with heterocycles. It can also be used to prepare complex heterocycles such as fused indolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa H Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 72701, USA
| | - Soumitra Maity
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 72701, USA
| | - Nan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 72701, USA
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de Nanteuil F, De Simone F, Frei R, Benfatti F, Serrano E, Waser J. Cyclization and annulation reactions of nitrogen-substituted cyclopropanes and cyclobutanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:10912-28. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03194f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This feature article covers recent progress in cyclization and annulation reactions of aminocyclopropanes and aminocyclobutanes to access nitrogen-rich building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. de Nanteuil
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- EPFL SB ISIC LCSO
- 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F. De Simone
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- EPFL SB ISIC LCSO
- 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R. Frei
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- EPFL SB ISIC LCSO
- 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F. Benfatti
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- EPFL SB ISIC LCSO
- 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E. Serrano
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- EPFL SB ISIC LCSO
- 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J. Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- EPFL SB ISIC LCSO
- 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ishikawa S, Sheppard TD, D'Oyley JM, Kamimura A, Motherwell WB. A rapid route to aminocyclopropanes via carbamatoorganozinc carbenoids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:10060-3. [PMID: 23913871 PMCID: PMC4065353 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London, WC1H 0AJ (UK) http://www.ucl.ac.uk/chemistry; Department of Applied Molecular Bioscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube 755-8611 (Japan)
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Ishikawa S, Sheppard TD, D'Oyley JM, Kamimura A, Motherwell WB. A Rapid Route to Aminocyclopropanes via Carbamatoorganozinc Carbenoids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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19
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Wasilewska A, Woźniak BA, Doridot G, Piotrowska K, Witkowska N, Retailleau P, Six Y. Synthesis of Polycyclic Aminocyclobutane Systems by the Rearrangement ofN-(ortho-Vinylphenyl) 2-Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane Derivatives. Chemistry 2013; 19:11759-67. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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20
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Miao M, Cao J, Huang X, Wu L. Hydroxyphosphinylation Reaction of 3-Cyclopropylideneprop-2-en-1-ones via C–P σ-Bond Cleavage. J Org Chem 2013; 78:5999-6007. [DOI: 10.1021/jo400610q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maozhong Miao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028,
People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai
200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Luling Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028,
People’s Republic of China
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Maity S, Zheng N. A visible-light-mediated oxidative C-N bond formation/aromatization cascade: photocatalytic preparation of N-arylindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:9562-6. [PMID: 22915489 PMCID: PMC3522995 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Indoles: A joint effort of light and air We have developed a mild aerobic oxidation protocol using visible light photocatalysis to synthesize structurally diverse N -arylindoles. The procedure employs 4 mol% [Ru(bpz)3](PF6)2, 18W LED light, and is performed open to the atmosphere. Readily prepared o -stryryl anilines are converted to a variety of indoles via a cascade sequence composed of oxidation of anilines, C-N bond formation, and aromatization. A 1,2-carbon shift can be also incorporated into this cascade event to further extend the substrate scope of the method. bpz = 2, 2′-Bipyrazine
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Maity
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 (USA), Fax: (+) 479-575-4601
| | - Nan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 (USA), Fax: (+) 479-575-4601
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Maity S, Zheng N. A Visible-Light-Mediated Oxidative CN Bond Formation/Aromatization Cascade: Photocatalytic Preparation of N-Arylindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Maity S, Zheng N. A Photo Touch on Amines: New Synthetic Adventures of Nitrogen Radical Cations. Synlett 2012; 23:1851-1856. [PMID: 23419975 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1316592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Amines have been used as sacrificial electron donors to reduce photoexcited Ru(II) or Ir(III) complexes, during which they are oxidized to nitrogen radical cations. Recently, the synthetic potential of these nitrogen radical cations have caught synthetic organic chemists' attention. They have been exploited in various transformations yielding a number of elegant methods for amine synthesis. This article highlights recent developments on nitrogen radical cation chemistry under visible-light photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumitira Maity
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
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Benfatti F, de Nanteuil F, Waser J. Catalytic enantiospecific [3+2] annulation of aminocyclopropanes with ketones. Chemistry 2012; 18:4844-9. [PMID: 22422718 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 02/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An almost familiar ring: The first enantiospecific [3+2] annulation of donor-acceptor aminocyclopropanes with ketones is reported (see scheme; Phth=phthaloyl). The reaction is catalysed by tin(IV) chloride (5 mol %) at -78 °C and gives aminotetrahydrofurans bearing a quaternary C5 atom in high yield, diastereoselectivity and enantiospecificity (see scheme).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fides Benfatti
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Chiellini G, Rapposelli S, Zhu J, Massarelli I, Saraceno M, Bianucci AM, Plum LA, Clagett-Dame M, DeLuca HF. Synthesis and biological activities of vitamin D-like inhibitors of CYP24 hydroxylase. Steroids 2012; 77:212-23. [PMID: 22133546 PMCID: PMC3539163 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Revised: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Selective inhibitors of CYP24A1 represent an important synthetic target in a search for novel vitamin D compounds of therapeutic value. In the present work, we show the synthesis and biological properties of two novel side chain modified 2-methylene-19-nor-1,25(OH)(2)D(3) analogs, the 22-imidazole-1-yl derivative 2 (VIMI) and the 25-N-cyclopropylamine compound 3 (CPA1), which were efficiently prepared in convergent syntheses utilizing the Lythgoe type Horner-Wittig olefination reaction. When tested in a cell-free assay, both compounds were found to be potent competitive inhibitors of CYP24A1, with the cyclopropylamine analog 3 exhibiting an 80-1 selective inhibition of CYP24A1 over CYP27B1. Addition of 3 to a mouse osteoblast culture sustained the level of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3), further demonstrating its effectiveness in CYP24A1 inhibition. Importantly, the in vitro effects on human promyeloid leukemia (HL-60) cell differentiation by 3 were nearly identical to those of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and in vivo the compound showed low calcemic activity. Finally, the results of preliminary theoretical studies provide useful insights to rationalize the ability of analog 3 to selectively inhibit the cytochrome P450 isoform CYP24A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Chiellini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1544, USA
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Uomo e dell’Ambiente, Università di Pisa, via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Rapposelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Jinge Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1544, USA
| | - Ilaria Massarelli
- Istituto Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Materiali, via Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Marilena Saraceno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Bianucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- International Centre for Studies and Research in Biomedicine (ICB), Luxembourg
| | - Lori A. Plum
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1544, USA
| | - Margaret Clagett-Dame
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1544, USA
| | - Hector F. DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1544, USA
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 608 262 1620; fax: +1 608 262 7122. (H.F. DeLuca)
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Maity S, Zhu M, Shinabery RS, Zheng N. Intermolecular [3+2] cycloaddition of cyclopropylamines with olefins by visible-light photocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:222-6. [PMID: 22109785 PMCID: PMC3330129 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201106162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Maity
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 (USA)
| | - Mingzhao Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 (USA)
| | - Ryan Spencer Shinabery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 (USA)
| | - Nan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 (USA)
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Benfatti F, Nanteuil FD, Waser J. Iron-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Annulation of Aminocyclopropanes with Aldehydes: Stereoselective Synthesis of Aminotetrahydrofurans. Org Lett 2011; 14:386-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol203144v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fides Benfatti
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florian de Nanteuil
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Maity S, Zhu M, Shinabery RS, Zheng N. Intermolecular [3+2] Cycloaddition of Cyclopropylamines with Olefins by Visible-Light Photocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201106162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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29
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Catalytic [3+2] Annulation of Aminocyclopropanes for the Enantiospecific Synthesis of Cyclopentylamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201106255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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de Nanteuil F, Waser J. Catalytic [3+2] Annulation of Aminocyclopropanes for the Enantiospecific Synthesis of Cyclopentylamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:12075-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201106255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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31
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Tactics for the asymmetric preparation of 2-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane and 2-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane scaffolds. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Lee J, Berritt S, Prier CK, Joullié MM. Facile ring-opening of azabicyclic [3.1.0]- and [4.1.0]aminocyclopropanes to afford 3-piperidinone and 3-azepinone. Org Lett 2011; 13:1083-5. [PMID: 21271686 DOI: 10.1021/ol103105q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Azabicyclic [3.1.0] and [4.1.0] Kulinkovich products underwent a facile reduction/fragmentation to afford a variety of 3-piperidinones and 3-azepinones, respectively, in the presence of catalytic palladium on carbon and formic acid in an atmosphere of hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Su C, Cao J, Huang X, Wu L, Huang X. Regiocontrolled Halohydroxylations of Bicyclic Vinylidenecyclopropanes: A Versatile Strategy for the Construction of Diverse Highly Functionalized Carbocyclic Scaffolds. Chemistry 2010; 17:1579-85. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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34
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Valenta P, Carroll PJ, Walsh PJ. Stereoselective synthesis of β-hydroxy enamines, aminocyclopropanes, and 1,3-amino alcohols via asymmetric catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:14179-90. [PMID: 20853837 PMCID: PMC3014220 DOI: 10.1021/ja105435y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tandem methods for the catalytic asymmetric preparation of enantioenriched β-hydroxy (E)-enamines and aminocyclopropanes are presented. The diastereoselective hydrogenation of enantioenriched (E)-trisubstituted hydroxy enamines to generate 1,2-disubstituted-1,3-amino alcohols is also outlined. These methods are initiated by highly regioselective hydroboration of N-tosyl-substituted ynamides with diethylborane to generate β-amino alkenyl boranes. In situ boron-to-zinc transmetalation generates β-amino alkenylzinc reagents. These functionalized vinylzinc intermediates are subsequently added to aldehydes in the presence of a catalyst derived from an enantioenriched amino alcohol (morpholino isoborneol, MIB). The catalyst promotes highly enantioselective C-C bond formation to provide β-hydroxy enamines in good isolated yields (68-86%) with 54-98% enantioselectivity. The intermediate zinc β-alkoxy enamines can be subjected to a tandem cyclopropanation to afford aminocyclopropyl carbinols with three continuous stereocenters in a one-pot procedure with good yields (72-82%), enantioselectivities of 76-94%, and >20:1 diastereomeric ratios. Diastereoselective hydrogenation of isolated enantioenriched β-hydroxy enamines over Pd/C furnished syn-1,2-disubstituted-1,3-amino alcohols in high yields (82-90%) with moderate to excellent diastereoselectivities. These methods were used in an efficient preparation of the enantioenriched precursor to PRC200-SS derivatives, which are potent serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Valenta
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323
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Wolan A, Six Y. Synthetic transformations mediated by the combination of titanium(IV) alkoxides and Grignard reagents: selectivity issues and recent applications. Part 2: Reactions of alkenes, allenes and alkynes. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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37
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Synthetic transformations mediated by the combination of titanium(IV) alkoxides and grignard reagents: selectivity issues and recent applications. Part 1: reactions of carbonyl derivatives and nitriles. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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38
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In situ generated tris(p-bromophenyl)amine radical cation promoted electron transfer reaction of cyclopropyl silyl ethers. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.09.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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39
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Diastereoselective Ti-mediated preparation of bicyclic aminocyclopropanes from N-alkenyl amides. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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40
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Jerome L, Sheppard TD, Aliev AE, Motherwell WB. Intramolecular amidocyclopropanation reactions using diethoxymethyl-functionalised lactams as organozinc carbenoid precursors. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.03.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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41
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Madelaine C, Six Y, Buriez O. Electrochemical Aerobic Oxidation of Aminocyclopropanes to Endoperoxides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:8046-9. [PMID: 17876794 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200702903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Madelaine
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301 du CNRS, Av. de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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42
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Madelaine C, Six Y, Buriez O. Electrochemical Aerobic Oxidation of Aminocyclopropanes to Endoperoxides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200702903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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43
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Keaton KA, Phillips AJ. A Cyclopropanol-Based Strategy for Subunit Coupling: Total Synthesis of (+)-Spirolaxine Methyl Ether. Org Lett 2007; 9:2717-9. [PMID: 17559220 DOI: 10.1021/ol0710111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for ketone synthesis with cyclopropanols as intermediates and its application to (+)-spirolaxine methyl ether is described. The synthesis also features an application of Fu's alkyl-alkyl Suzuki coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A Keaton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0215, USA
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Beeson TD, Mastracchio A, Hong JB, Ashton K, Macmillan DWC. Enantioselective Organocatalysis Using SOMO Activation. Science 2007; 316:582-5. [PMID: 17395791 DOI: 10.1126/science.1142696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 525] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric α-addition of relatively nonpolar hydrocarbon substrates, such as allyl and aryl groups, to aldehydes and ketones remains a largely unsolved problem in organic synthesis, despite the wide potential utility of direct routes to such products. We reasoned that well-established chiral amine catalysis, which activates aldehydes toward electrophile addition by enamine formation, could be expanded to this important reaction class by applying a single-electron oxidant to create a transient radical species from the enamine. We demonstrated the concept of singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) activation with a highly selective α-allylation of aldehydes, and we here present preliminary results for enantioselective heteroarylations and cyclization/halogenation cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa D Beeson
- Merck Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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Jiao J, Nguyen LX, Patterson DR, Flowers RA. An efficient and general approach to beta-functionalized ketones. Org Lett 2007; 9:1323-6. [PMID: 17335227 PMCID: PMC2593908 DOI: 10.1021/ol070159h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text]. The oxidation of selected anions (N3-, SCN-, I-, and Br-) by ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) in the presence of substituted cyclopropyl alcohols provides a novel approach to beta-functionalized ketones. The protocol has a number of advantages including short reaction times, ease of reagent handling, and mild, neutral reaction conditions. Overall, this method provides an alternative pathway to important starting materials and intermediates in organic synthesis.
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46
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Lysenko IL, Lee HG, Cha JK. Use of Cyclopropanols as Conformational Constraints in RCM. Org Lett 2006; 8:2671-3. [PMID: 16774228 DOI: 10.1021/ol0605631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Sequential application of the Kulinkovich cyclopropanation of carboxylic esters and RCM of the resulting cis-dialkenyl-tethered cyclopropanols provides an expedient route to functionalized medium-sized carbocycles. Subsequent elaboration of the cyclopropanol functionality, such as one-carbon ring expansion, to afford synthetically useful alpha,beta-enones is also worth noting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan L Lysenko
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
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47
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Föhlisch B, Flogaus R, Henle GH, Sendelbach S, Henkel S. Synthetic Approaches to Hydroazulenes and Guaianes through [4 + 3] Cycloadditions of Oxyallyl Intermediates. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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48
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Larquetoux L, Ouhamou N, Chiaroni A, Six Y. The Intramolecular Aromatic Electrophilic Substitution of Aminocyclopropanes Prepared by the Kulinkovich-de Meijere Reaction. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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49
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Cerny MA, Hanzlik RP. Cyclopropylamine inactivation of cytochromes P450: Role of metabolic intermediate complexes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2005; 436:265-75. [PMID: 15797239 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2005.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2004] [Revised: 02/11/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The inactivation of cytochrome P450 enzymes by cyclopropylamines has been attributed to a mechanism involving initial one-electron oxidation at nitrogen followed by scission of the cyclopropane ring leading to covalent modification of the enzyme. Herein, we report that in liver microsomes N-cyclopropylbenzylamine (1) and related compounds inactivate P450 to a large extent via formation of metabolic intermediate complexes (MICs) in which a nitroso metabolite coordinates tightly to the heme iron, thereby preventing turnover. MIC formation from 1 does not occur in reconstituted P450 systems with CYP2B1/2, 2C11 or 2E1, or in microsomes exposed to gentle heating to inactivate the flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO). In contrast, N-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylbenzylamine (3) and N-benzylhydroxylamine (4) generate MICs much faster than 1 in both reconstituted and microsomal systems. MIC formation from nitrone 5 (PhCH = N(O)cPr) is somewhat faster than from 1, but very much faster than the hydrolysis of 5 to a primary hydroxylamine. Thus the major overall route from 1 to a P450 MIC complex would appear to involve FMO oxidation to 3, further oxidation by P450 and/or FMO to nitrone 5' (C2H4C = N(O)CH2Ph), hydrolysis to 4, and P450 oxidation to alpha-nitrosotoluene as the precursor to oxime 2 and the major MIC from 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Cerny
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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