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Schweitzer-Stenner R. Heme-Protein Interactions and Functional Relevant Heme Deformations: The Cytochrome c Case. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248751. [PMID: 36557884 PMCID: PMC9781506 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Heme proteins are known to perform a plethora of biologically important functions. This article reviews work that has been conducted on various class I cytochrome c proteins over a period of nearly 50 years. The article focuses on the relevance of symmetry-lowering heme-protein interactions that affect the function of the electron transfer protein cytochrome c. The article provides an overview of various, mostly spectroscopic studies that explored the electronic structure of the heme group in these proteins and how it is affected by symmetry-lowering deformations. In addition to discussing a large variety of spectroscopic studies, the article provides a theoretical framework that should enable a comprehensive understanding of the physical chemistry that underlies the function not only of cytochrome c but of all heme proteins.
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Pandit YA, Shah SJ, Usman M, Sarkar S, Garribba E, Rath SP. Long-Range Intramolecular Spin Coupling through a Redox-Active Bridge upon Stepwise Oxidations: Control and Effect of Metal Ions. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:5270-5282. [PMID: 35323011 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dinickel(II) and dicopper(II) porphyrin dimers have been constructed in which two metalloporphyrin units are widely separated by a long unconjugated dipyrrole bridge. Two macrocycles are aligned somewhat orthogonally to each other, while oxidation of the bridge generates a fully π-conjugated butterfly-like structure, which, in turn, upon stepwise oxidations by stronger oxidants result in the formation of the corresponding one- and two-electron-oxidized species exhibiting unusual long-range charge/radical delocalization to produce intense absorptions in the near-infrared (NIR) region and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signals of a triplet state due to interaction between the unpaired spins on the Cu(II) ions. Although the two metal centers have a large physical separation through the bridge (more than 16 Å), they share electrons efficiently between them, behaving as a single unit rather than two independent centers. Detailed UV-vis-NIR, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, IR, variable-temperature magnetic study, and EPR spectroscopic investigations along with X-ray structure determination of unconjugated, conjugated, and one electron-oxidized complexes have been exploited to demonstrate the long-range electronic communication through the bridge. The experimental observations are also supported by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations. The present study highlights the crucial roles played by a redox-active bridge and metal in controlling the long-range electronic communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younis Ahmad Pandit
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Syed Jehanger Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Mohammad Usman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Sabyasachi Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Eugenio Garribba
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche e Sperimentali, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro, Sassari I-07100, Italy
| | - Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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Liu Q, Ren W, Zhang S, Huang Y, Chen D, Zeng W, Zhou Z, He L, Guo W, Li J. d‐Orbital Reconstructions Forced by Double Bow‐Shaped Deformations and Second Coordination Sphere Effects of Cu(II) Heme Analogs in HER**. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202103892. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Institution for Hunan University of Science and Technology Yuhu District Xiangtan 411201 P. R. China
| | - Wanjie Ren
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Yanqi Lake, Huairou District Beijing 101408 P. R. China
| | - Siwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Institution for Hunan University of Science and Technology Yuhu District Xiangtan 411201 P. R. China
| | - Yang Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Suzhou Research Institute of LICP Institution for Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP) Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Dilong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Institution for Hunan University of Science and Technology Yuhu District Xiangtan 411201 P. R. China
| | - Wennan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Institution for Hunan University of Science and Technology Yuhu District Xiangtan 411201 P. R. China
| | - Zaichun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Institution for Hunan University of Science and Technology Yuhu District Xiangtan 411201 P. R. China
| | - Lin He
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Suzhou Research Institute of LICP Institution for Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP) Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Wenping Guo
- National Energy Center for Coal to Clean Fuels Synfuels China Company Ltd Huairou District Beijing 101400 P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Yanqi Lake, Huairou District Beijing 101408 P. R. China
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Singh AK, Usman M, Sarkar S, Sciortino G, Kumar D, Garribba E, Rath SP. Ferromagnetic Coupling in Oxidovanadium(IV)-Porphyrin Radical Dimers. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:16492-16506. [PMID: 34664950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Three different oxidovanadium(IV) porphyrin dimers with anti, cis, and trans arrangements of the two rings have been synthesized by changing the bridge between the porphyrin macrocycles. This provides a unique opportunity to investigate the role of the bridge and spatial arrangement between the two VIVO centers for their electronic communication and magnetic coupling. They were characterized by the combined application of XRD analysis, UV-vis and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, magnetic susceptibility, and DFT calculations. One- and two-electron oxidations produce mono- and dication diradical species, respectively, which display an unusual ferromagnetic interaction between the unpaired spins of vanadium(IV) and porphyrin π-cation radical, in contrast to other metalloporphyrin dimers. The oxidized species show a dissimilar behavior between cis and trans isomers. The ferromagnetic coupling occurs between the porphyrin π-cation radical and the unpaired electron of the VIVO ion on the dxy orbital, orthogonal to the porphyrin-based molecular orbitals a1u and a2u.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Mohammad Usman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Sabyasachi Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Giuseppe Sciortino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, I-07100 Sassari, Italy.,Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Devesh Kumar
- Department of Physics, School for Physical and Decision Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Eugenio Garribba
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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5
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Kumar A, Usman M, Samanta D, Rath SP. Through Bridge Spin Coupling in Homo- and Heterobimetallic Porphyrin Dimers upon Stepwise Oxidations: A Spectroscopic and Theoretical Investigation. Chemistry 2021; 27:11428-11441. [PMID: 34061401 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We have described copper(II)-iron(III) and copper(II)-manganese(III) heterobimetallic porphyrin dimers and compared them with the corresponding homobimetallic analogs. UV-visible spectra are very distinct in the heterometallic species while electrochemical studies demonstrate that these species, as compared to the homobimetallic analog, are much easier to oxidize. Combined Mössbauer, EPR, NMR, magnetic and UV-visible spectroscopic studies show that upon 2e-oxidation of the heterobimetallic complexes only ring-centered oxidation occurs. The energy differences between HOMO and LUMO are linearly dependent with the low-energy NIR band obtained for the 2e-oxidized complexes. Also, strong electronic communication between two porphyrin rings through the bridge facilitates coupling between various unpaired spins present while the coupling model depends on the nature of metal ions used. While unpaired spins of Fe(III) and the porphyrin π-cation radical are strongly antiferromagnetically coupled, such coupling is rather weak between Mn(III) and a porphyrin π-cation radical. Moreover, the coupling between two π-cation radicals are much stronger in the 2e-oxidized complexes of dimanganese(III) and copper(II)-manganese(III) porphyrin dimers as compared to their diiron(III) and copper(II)-iron(III) analogs. Furthermore, coupling between the unpaired spins of a π-cation radical and copper(II) is much stronger in the 2e-oxidized complex of copper(II)-iron(III) porphyrin dimer as compared to its copper(II)-manganese(III) analog. The Mulliken spin density distributions in 2e-oxidized homo- and heterobimetallic complexes show symmetric and asymmetric spread between the two macrocycles, respectively. In both the 2e-oxidized heterobimetallic complexes, the Cu(II) porphyrin center acts as a charge donor while Fe(III)/Mn(III) porphyrin center act as a charge acceptor. The experimental observations are also strongly supported by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Mohammad Usman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Deepannita Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
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6
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Khazaei S, Eskandari M, Zakavi S. Computational and experimental insights into the oxidative stability of iron porphyrins: A mono-ortho-substituted iron porphyrin with unusually high oxidative stability. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeede Khazaei
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS); Zanjan Iran
| | - Mortaza Eskandari
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS); Zanjan Iran
| | - Saeed Zakavi
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS); Zanjan Iran
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Kleinlein C, Zheng SL, Betley TA. Ground State and Excited State Tuning in Ferric Dipyrrin Complexes Promoted by Ancillary Ligand Exchange. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:5892-5901. [PMID: 28437101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Three ferric dipyrromethene complexes featuring different ancillary ligands were synthesized by one electron oxidation of ferrous precursors. Four-coordinate iron complexes of the type (ArL)FeX2 [ArL = 1,9-(2,4,6-Ph3C6H2)2-5-mesityldipyrromethene] with X = Cl or tBuO were prepared and found to be high-spin (S = 5/2), as determined by superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry, electron paramagnetic resonance, and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. The ancillary ligand substitution was found to affect both ground state and excited properties of the ferric complexes examined. While each ferric complex displays reversible reduction and oxidation events, each alkoxide for chloride substitution results in a nearly 600 mV cathodic shift of the FeIII/II couple. The oxidation event remains largely unaffected by the ancillary ligand substitution and is likely dipyrrin-centered. While the alkoxide substituted ferric species largely retain the color of their ferrous precursors, characteristic of dipyrrin-based ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LLCT), the dichloride ferric complex loses the prominent dipyrrin chromophore, taking on a deep green color. Time-dependent density functional theory analyses indicate the weaker-field chloride ligands allow substantial configuration mixing of ligand-to-metal charge transfer into the LLCT bands, giving rise to the color changes observed. Furthermore, the higher degree of covalency between the alkoxide ferric centers is manifest in the observed reactivity. Delocalization of spin density onto the tert-butoxide ligand in (ArL)FeCl(OtBu) is evidenced by hydrogen atom abstraction to yield (ArL)FeCl and HOtBu in the presence of substrates containing weak C-H bonds, whereas the chloride (ArL)FeCl2 analogue does not react under these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kleinlein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University , 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Shao-Liang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University , 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Theodore A Betley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University , 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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8
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Sahoo D, Guchhait T, Rath SP. Spin Modulation in Highly Distorted FeIIIPorphyrinates by Using Axial Coordination and Their π-Cation Radicals. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; 208016 Kanpur India
| | - Tapas Guchhait
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; 208016 Kanpur India
| | - Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; 208016 Kanpur India
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9
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Ikezaki A, Nakamura M. Effects of porphyrin deformation on the 13C and 1H NMR chemical shifts in high-spin five- and six-coordinate manganese(III) porphyrin complexes. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424616500085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
As an extension of our study to reveal the effect of porphyrin deformation on the [Formula: see text]C and 1H NMR chemical shifts, both five- and six-coordinate high-spin (S [Formula: see text] 2) Mn(III) complexes such as Mn(Por)Cl and [Mn(Por)(CD3OD)2]Cl have been prepared, where Por is a porphyrin dianion such as TPP, OMTPP, and T[Formula: see text]PrP. Molecular structures of five-coordinate Mn(OMTPP)Cl and Mn(TiPrP)Cl have been determined by the X-ray crystallographic analysis. As expected, Mn(OMTPP)Cl and Mn(TiPrP)Cl have exhibited a highly saddled and highly ruffled porphyrin core, respectively. The [Formula: see text]C NMR spectra have revealed that these complexes generally exhibit the [Formula: see text]-pyrrole signals at the downfield positions and [Formula: see text]-pyrrole an. meso signals at the upfield positions. The results suggest that the spin polarization of Mn(III)–NP σ bonds, which occurs in all the high-spin Mn(III) complexes, is the major factor to determine the chemical shifts of the porphyrin carbon signals (Cheng, R.-J.; Chang, S.-H.; Hung, K.-C. Inorg. Chem. 2007; 46: 1948–1950). Although th. meso and [Formula: see text]-pyrrole signals are observed at the upfield and downfield positions, respectively, these signals are widely dispersed depending on the deformation mode of the porphyrin ring. The results have been explained in terms of the strong spin polarization of the Mn–NP bond together with the specific metal-porphyrin orbital interactions such as: (i) the a2u-dz2 interaction in five-coordinate complexes, (ii) the a2u-dxy interaction in ruffled complexes, and (iii) the a2u-dx2-y2 interaction in saddled complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Ikezaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Mikio Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
- Research Center for Materials with Integrated Properties, Toho University, Funabashi, 274-8510, Japan
- Toho University, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
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10
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Sil D, Bhowmik S, Khan FST, Rath SP. Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of a Series of Novel Dimanganese(III) μ-Hydroxo Bisporphyrins: Magneto–Structural Correlation and Effect of Metal Spin on Porphyrin Core Deformation. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:3239-51. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debangsu Sil
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Susovan Bhowmik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | | | - Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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Sil D, Dey S, Kumar A, Bhowmik S, Rath SP. Oxidation triggers extensive conjugation and unusual stabilization of two di-heme dication diradical intermediates: role of bridging group for electronic communication. Chem Sci 2015; 7:1212-1223. [PMID: 29910877 PMCID: PMC5975787 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03120f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic analogs of diheme enzyme MauG have been reported. Unlike the bis-Fe(iv) state in MauG, the 2e-oxidation stabilizes two ferric hemes, each coupled with a porphyrin π-cation radical.
MauG is a diheme enzyme that utilizes two covalently bound c-type hemes to catalyse the biosynthesis of the protein-derived cofactor tryptophan tryptophylquinone. The two hemes are physically separated by 14.5 Å and a hole-hopping mechanism is proposed in which a tryptophan residue located between the hemes undergoes reversible oxidation and reduction to increase the effective electronic coupling element and enhance the rate of reversible electron transfer between the hemes in bis-Fe(iv) MauG. The present work describes the structure and spectroscopic investigation of 2e-oxidations of the synthetic diheme analogs in which two heme centers are covalently connected through a conjugated ethylene bridge that leads to the stabilization of two unusual trans conformations (U and P′ forms) with different and distinct spectroscopic and geometric features. Unlike in MauG, where the two oxidizing equivalents are distributed within the diheme system giving rise to the bis-Fe(iv) redox state, the synthetic analog stabilizes two ferric hemes, each coupled with a porphyrin cation radical, a scenario resembling the binuclear dication diradical complex. Interestingly, charge resonance-transition phenomena are observed here both in 1e and 2e-oxidised species from the same system, which are also clearly distinguishable by their relative position and intensity. Detailed UV-vis-NIR, X-ray, Mössbauer, EPR and 1H NMR spectroscopic investigations as well as variable temperature magnetic studies have unraveled strong electronic communications between two porphyrin π-cation radicals through the bridging ethylene group. The extensive π-conjugation also allows antiferromagnetic coupling between iron(iii) centers and porphyrin radical spins of both rings. DFT calculations revealed extended π-conjugation and H-bonding interaction as the major factors in controlling the stability of the conformers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debangsu Sil
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur-208016 , India . ;
| | - Soumyajit Dey
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur-208016 , India . ;
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur-208016 , India . ;
| | - Susovan Bhowmik
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur-208016 , India . ;
| | - Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur-208016 , India . ;
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Oh J, Yoon H, Sung YM, Kang P, Choi MG, Jang WD, Kim D. Modulation of Axial-Ligand Binding and Releasing Processes onto the Triazole-Bearing Nickel(II) Picket-Fence Porphyrins: Steric Repulsion versus Hydrogen-Bonding Effects. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:7053-61. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b03033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juwon Oh
- Spectroscopy
Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems
and Department of Chemistry, ‡Biopolymer Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, and §Molecular Structure
Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Hongsik Yoon
- Spectroscopy
Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems
and Department of Chemistry, ‡Biopolymer Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, and §Molecular Structure
Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Young Mo Sung
- Spectroscopy
Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems
and Department of Chemistry, ‡Biopolymer Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, and §Molecular Structure
Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Philjae Kang
- Spectroscopy
Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems
and Department of Chemistry, ‡Biopolymer Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, and §Molecular Structure
Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Moon-Gun Choi
- Spectroscopy
Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems
and Department of Chemistry, ‡Biopolymer Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, and §Molecular Structure
Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Woo-Dong Jang
- Spectroscopy
Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems
and Department of Chemistry, ‡Biopolymer Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, and §Molecular Structure
Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy
Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems
and Department of Chemistry, ‡Biopolymer Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, and §Molecular Structure
Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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13
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Sahoo D, Rath SP. Controlled generation of highly saddled (porphyrinato)iron(iii) iodide, tri-iodide and one-electron oxidized complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:16790-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07111a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three iron(iii) porphyrinato complexes have been isolated selectively just by varying the iodine concentration, which eventually form the admixed-intermediate (iodo complex), pure intermediate (tri-iodide complex) and high-spin (1e-oxidized complex) states of iron where iodide and/or tri-iodide were used as axial ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016
- India
| | - Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016
- India
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14
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Ikezaki A, Ono J, Ohgo Y, Fukagawa M, Ikeue T, Nakamura M. Electronic structure of low-spin six-coordinate iron(III) meso-tetrapropylchlorin complexes. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424614500576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Low-spin iron(III) tetrapropylchlorins [ Fe ( T n PrC ) L 2]± (L = HIm, 1-MeIm, DMAP, CN-, 4-CNPy, tBuNC) adopt the dxy-type ground state regardless of the nature of axial ligands. Among the complexes examined, [ Fe ( T n PrC )( t BuNC )2]+ has shown quite unique spectroscopic properties as described below. (1) 1 H NMR signals were extremely broad as compared with those of other complexes. In particular, 5,20- CH 2(α) signal was too broad to detect. (2) No signals except C γ were observed in 13 C NMR spectra. (3) Tetragonal splitting parameter (|Δ|) estimated by the EPR g values at 4.2 K reached as much as 12.4 λ, which is the largest |Δ| value among all the low-spin iron(III) porphyrins and porphyrinoids reported previously. On the basis of these results, we have concluded that [ Fe ( T n PrC )( t BuNC )2]+ adopts the low-spin iron(III) with (dxz, dyz)4(dxy)1 electronic ground state at 4.2–30 K where the EPR spectra are taken, while it should be expressed as the low-spin Fe ( II ) chlorin π-radical cation [ Fe II ( T n PrC .)( t BuNC )2]+ at ambient temperature where the NMR spectra are taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Ikezaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Jyunpei Ono
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ohgo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Mari Fukagawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Takahisa Ikeue
- Department of Material Science, Interdisciplinary Faculty of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Mikio Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Funabashi 274-8510, Japan
- Research Center for Materials with Integrated Properties, Toho University, Funabashi 274-8510, Japan
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15
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Hunter SC, Smith BA, Hoffmann CM, Wang X, Chen YS, McIntyre GJ, Xue ZL. Intermolecular Interactions in Solid-State Metalloporphyrins and Their Impacts on Crystal and Molecular Structures. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:11552-62. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5015835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seth C. Hunter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Brenda A. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Christina M. Hoffmann
- Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- ChemMatCARS,
Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | | | - Zi-Ling Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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16
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Cheng RJ, Chen YH, Chen CC, Lee GH, Peng SM, Chen PPY. Dual-Channel-Mediated Spin Coupling for One-Electron-Oxidized Cobalt(II)-Saddled Porphyrin. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:8848-50. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501120k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jen Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung-Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung-Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung-Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shie-Ming Peng
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Peter Ping-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung-Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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17
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Cheng RJ, Ting CH, Chao TC, Tseng TH, Chen PPY. The characterization of the saddle shaped nickel(iii) porphyrin radical cation: an explicative NMR model for a ferromagnetically coupled metallo-porphyrin radical. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:14265-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06993e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ni(iii)(OETPP˙)(Br)2 is the first Ni(iii) porphyrin radical cation with structural and 1H and 13C paramagnetic NMR data for porphyrinate systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jen Cheng
- Department of Chemistry
- National Chung-Hsing University
- Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Han Ting
- Department of Chemistry
- National Chung-Hsing University
- Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ten-Chih Chao
- Department of Chemistry
- National Chung-Hsing University
- Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsien Tseng
- Department of Chemistry
- National Chung-Hsing University
- Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Peter P.-Y. Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- National Chung-Hsing University
- Taichung 402, Taiwan
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18
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Gómez-Casado C, Roth-Walter F, Jensen-Jarolim E, Díaz-Perales A, Pacios LF. Modeling iron-catecholates binding to NGAL protein. J Mol Graph Model 2013; 45:111-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Nakamura M, Ikezaki A, Takahashi M. Metal-Porphyrin Orbital Interactions in Paramagnetic Iron Complexes Having Planar and Deformed Porphyrin Ring. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201200474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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Chen CC, Chen PPY. Paramagnetic NMR Shifts for Saddle-Shaped Five-Coordinate Iron(III) Porphyrin Complexes with Intermediate-Spin Structure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201203308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Chen CC, Chen PPY. Paramagnetic NMR Shifts for Saddle-Shaped Five-Coordinate Iron(III) Porphyrin Complexes with Intermediate-Spin Structure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:9325-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201203308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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22
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Yatsunyk LA, Ann Walker F. Synthesis and characterization of the iron(III) complexes of tetra-(β,β'-tetramethylene)tetraphenylporphyrin, (TC6TPP)FeCl and (TC6TPP)FeONO2. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424605000289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, NMR and EPR spectroscopic investigation as well as two crystal structures of ( TC 6 TPP ) FeX , where X - = chloride and nitrate are reported. The crystal structure of ( TC 6 TPP ) FeCl reveals an almost equal mixture of saddled and ruffled distortion of the porphyrin as judged by the coefficients of the lowest-frequency vibrational modes (calculated from Normal-Coordinate Structural Decomposition), while ( TC 6 TPP ) FeONO 2 is mainly saddled and more distorted overall. This difference in core structure indicates high conformational flexibility of the TC 6 TPP porphyrin ligand. Overall, both ( TC 6 TPP ) FeX structures have smaller deviation from planarity as compared to five coordinate ( OMTPP ) FeCl and ( OETPP ) FeCl . Therefore, the nature and number of peripheral substituents as well as the axial ligand(s) control geometry and conformation of the porphyrins and fine-tune their spectroscopic properties. EPR data (4.2 K) indicate a predominantly high-spin ( S = 5/2, 97.3%) ground state for ( TC 6 TPP ) FeCl and less pure high-spin state ( S = 5/2, 80%) for ( TC 6 TPP ) FeONO 2. The NMR results support an ideally saddled structure or rapid switching between saddled and ruffled conformations of ( TC 6 TPP ) FeX in solution. The flexibility of the porphyrin core was addressed by using dynamic NMR spectroscopy. The following kinetic parameters for ring inversion were obtained: Δ H ‡ = 24(1) kJ . mol −1, Δ S ‡ = −37(3) J . mol −1. K −1 and Δ H ‡ = 36(1) kJ . mol −1, Δ S ‡ = 20(4) J . mol −1. K −1 for ( TC 6 TPP ) FeCl and ( TC 6 TPP ) FeONO 2, respectively. This results in low free energies of activation, Δ G 298‡ = 35(2) and 30(2) kJ.mol−1, respectively, indicating extremely high flexibility of the porphyrin core in solution (kex298 > 4.2 × 106 and 3.8 × 107 s−1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya A. Yatsunyk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0041, USA
| | - F. Ann Walker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0041, USA
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23
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Pacholska-Dudziak E, Gaworek A, Latos-Grażyński L. Iron(II) Vacataporphyrins: A Variable Annulene Conformation inside a Regular Porphyrin Frame. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:10956-65. [DOI: 10.1021/ic2015176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pacholska-Dudziak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aneta Gaworek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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24
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Kouno S, Ikezaki A, Ikeue T, Nakamura M. Spin–spin interactions in iron(III) porphyrin radical cations with ruffled and saddled structure. J Inorg Biochem 2011; 105:718-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Ikeue T, Handa M, Chamberlin A, Ghosh A, Ongayi O, Vicente MGH, Ikezaki A, Nakamura M. Benzoannelation Stabilizes the dxy1 State of Low-Spin Iron(III) Porphyrinates. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:3567-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ic1024873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Ikeue
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Material Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue-shi, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Makoto Handa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Material Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue-shi, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Adam Chamberlin
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, University of Tromso, Breivika, N-9037 Tromso, Norway
| | - Abhik Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, University of Tromso, Breivika, N-9037 Tromso, Norway
| | - Owendi Ongayi
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - M. Graça H. Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Akira Ikezaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Mikio Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, Toho University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Toho University, Funabashi 274-8510, Japan
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26
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Rajapandian V, Subramanian V. Calculations on the Structure and Spectral Properties of Cytochrome c551 Using DFT and ONIOM Methods. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:2866-76. [DOI: 10.1021/jp110983v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Rajapandian
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | - V. Subramanian
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
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27
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Man D, Słota R, Broda MA, Mele G, Li J. Metalloporphyrin intercalation in liposome membranes: ESR study. J Biol Inorg Chem 2011; 16:173-81. [PMID: 20963616 PMCID: PMC3019354 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-010-0715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes characterized by membranes featuring diverse fluidity (liquid-crystalline and/or gel phase), prepared from egg yolk lecithin (EYL) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), were doped with selected metalloporphyrins and the time-related structural and dynamic changes within the lipid double layer were investigated. Porphyrin complexes of Mg(II), Mn(III), Fe(III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and the metal-free base were embedded into the particular liposome systems and tested for 350 h at 24°C using the electron spin resonance (ESR) spin probe technique. 5-DOXYL, 12-DOXYL, and 16-DOXYL stearic acid methyl ester spin labels were applied to explore the interior of the lipid bilayer. Only the 16-DOXYL spin probe detected evident structural changes inside the lipid system due to porphyrin intercalation. Fluidity of the lipid system and the type of the porphyrin complex introduced significantly affected the intermolecular interactions, which in certain cases may result in self-assembly of metalloporphyrin molecules within the liposome membrane, reflected in the presence of new lines in the relevant ESR spectra. The most pronounced time-related effects were demonstrated by the EYL liposomes (liquid-crystalline phase) when doped with Mg and Co porphyrins, whereas practically no spectral changes were revealed for the metal-free base and both the Ni and Zn dopants. ESR spectra of the porphyrin-doped gel phase of DPPC liposomes did not show any extra lines; however, they indicated the formation of a more rigid lipid medium. Electronic configuration of the porphyrin's metal center appeared crucial to the degree of molecular reorganization within the phospholipid bilayer system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Man
- Institute of Physics, Opole University, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
| | - Rudolf Słota
- Faculty of Chemistry, Opole University, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
| | | | - Giuseppe Mele
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Innovazione, Università del Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, The College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069 China
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28
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Ikezaki A, Takahashi M, Nakamura M. One-electron oxidized product of difluoroiron(iii) porphyrin: is it iron(iv) porphyrin or iron(iii) porphyrin π-cation radical? Dalton Trans 2011; 40:9163-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10561b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Tozuka A, Ohgo Y, Ikezaki A, Taniguchi M, Nakamura M. Electronic structure of highly ruffled low-spin iron(III) porphyrinates with electron withdrawing heptafluoropropyl groups at the meso positions. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:10400-8. [PMID: 20942414 DOI: 10.1021/ic101184y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bis(pyridine)[meso-tetrakis(heptafluoropropyl)porphyrinato]iron(III), [Fe(THFPrP)Py(2)](+), was reported to be the low-spin complex that adopts the purest (d(xz), d(yz))(4)(d(xy))(1) ground state where the energy gap between the iron d(xy) and d(π)(d(xz), d(yz)) orbitals is larger than the corresponding energy gaps of any other complexes reported previously (Moore, K. T.; Fletcher, J. T.; Therien, M. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 5196-5209). Although the highly ruffled porphyrin core expected for this complex contributes to the stabilization of the (d(xz), d(yz))(4)(d(xy))(1) ground state, the strongly electron withdrawing C(3)F(7) groups at the meso positions should stabilize the (d(xy))(2)(d(xz), d(yz))(3) ground state. Thus, we have reexamined the electronic structure of [Fe(THFPrP)Py(2)](+) by means of (1)H NMR, (19)F NMR, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The CD(2)Cl(2) solution of [Fe(THFPrP)Py(2)](+) shows the pyrrole-H signal at -10.25 ppm (298 K) in (1)H NMR, the CF(2)(α) signal at -74.6 ppm (298 K) in (19)F NMR, and the large g(max) type signal at g = 3.16 (4.2 K) in the EPR. Thus, contrary to the previous report, the complex is unambiguously shown to adopt the (d(xy))(2)(d(xz), d(yz))(3) ground state. Comparison of the spectroscopic data of a series of [Fe(THFPrP)L(2)](+) with those of the corresponding meso-tetrapropylporphyrin complexes [Fe(TPrP)L(2)](+) with various axial ligands (L) has shown that the meso-C(3)F(7) groups stabilize the (d(xy))(2)(d(xz), d(yz))(3) ground state. Therefore, it is clear that the less common (d(xz), d(yz))(4)(d(xy))(1) ground state can be stabilized by the three major factors: (i) axial ligand with low-lying π* orbitals, (ii) ruffled porphyrin ring, and (iii) electron donating substituent at the meso position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Tozuka
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Toho University, Funabashi 274-8510, Japan
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30
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Stuzhin PA, Nefedov SE, Kumeev RS, Ul-Haq A, Minin VV, Ivanova SS. Effects of Solvation on the Spin State of Iron(III) in 2,8,12,18-Tetrabutyl-3,7,13,17-tetramethyl-5,10-diazaporphyrinatoiron(III) Chloride. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:4802-13. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9012075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A. Stuzhin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, Friedrich Engels Pr-t, 7, RF-153000 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Sergei E. Nefedov
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS, Leninskij Pr-t, 31, RF-119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman S. Kumeev
- Institute of Solution Chemistry RAS, ul. Akademicheskaja, 1, RF-153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Anwar Ul-Haq
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, Friedrich Engels Pr-t, 7, RF-153000 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Vadim V. Minin
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS, Leninskij Pr-t, 31, RF-119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana S. Ivanova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, Friedrich Engels Pr-t, 7, RF-153000 Ivanovo, Russia
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31
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Patra R, Chaudhary A, Ghosh SK, Rath SP. Axial Ligand Orientations in a Distorted Porphyrin Macrocycle: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Low-Spin Bis(imidazole)iron(III) and Iron(II) Porphyrinates†Dedicated to Prof. Animesh Chakravorty on the occasion of his 75th birthday. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:2057-67. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9016504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Arvind Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Sudip Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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32
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Patra R, Bhowmik S, Ghosh SK, Rath SP. Effects of axial pyridine coordination on a saddle-distorted porphyrin macrocycle: stabilization of hexa-coordinated high-spin Fe(iii) and air-stable low-spin iron(ii) porphyrinates. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:5795-806. [DOI: 10.1039/b924742d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Ikezaki A, Ohgo Y, Nakamura M. NMR studies on the electronic structure of one-electron oxidized complexes of iron(III) porphyrinates. Coord Chem Rev 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Cheng RJ, Lee CH, Chao CW. An unexpected bonding interaction between d(xy) and axial cyanide mediated by porphyrin deformation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:2526-8. [PMID: 19532878 DOI: 10.1039/b901116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Through density functional calculation and NMR spectroscopy, an unexpected bonding interaction between d(xy) and axial cyanides is revealed to account for the lower shielding of axial cyanide of ruffled [Fe(TRP)(CN)(2)](-) complexes with the contribution of the unusual low-spin electronic structure (d(xz)d(yz))(4)(d(xy))(1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jen Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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35
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Takahashi A, Kurahashi T, Fujii H. Effect of Imidazole and Phenolate Axial Ligands on the Electronic Structure and Reactivity of Oxoiron(IV) Porphyrin π-Cation Radical Complexes: Drastic Increase in Oxo-Transfer and Hydrogen Abstraction Reactivities. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:2614-25. [DOI: 10.1021/ic802123m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Takahashi
- Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, and Department of Functional Molecular Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Takuya Kurahashi
- Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, and Department of Functional Molecular Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujii
- Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, and Department of Functional Molecular Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
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36
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Cheng RJ, Chao CW, Han YP, Chen YC, Ting CH. Saddle-shaped six-coordinate iron(iii) porphyrin complex with unusual intermediate-spin electronic structure. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:2180-2. [DOI: 10.1039/b820443h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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García-Rubio I, Fittipaldi M, Trandafir F, Van Doorslaer S. A Multifrequency HYSCORE Study of Weakly Coupled Nuclei in Frozen Solutions of High-Spin Aquometmyoglobin. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:11294-304. [DOI: 10.1021/ic8016886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inés García-Rubio
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland, and Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maria Fittipaldi
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland, and Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Florin Trandafir
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland, and Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sabine Van Doorslaer
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland, and Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
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38
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Patra R, Chaudhary A, Ghosh SK, Rath SP. Modulation of Metal Displacements in a Saddle Distorted Macrocycle: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of High-Spin Fe(III) Porphyrins and Implications for the Hemoproteins. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:8324-35. [DOI: 10.1021/ic800944q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Arvind Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Sudip Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208016, India
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39
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Paulat F, Lehnert N. Detailed assignment of the magnetic circular dichroism and UV-vis spectra of five-coordinate high-spin ferric [Fe(TPP)(Cl)]. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:4963-76. [PMID: 18438984 DOI: 10.1021/ic8002838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
High-spin (hs) ferric heme centers occur in the catalytic or redox cycles of many metalloproteins and exhibit very complicated magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) and UV-vis absorption spectra. Therefore, detailed assignments of the MCD spectra of these species are missing. In this study, the electronic spectra (MCD and UV-vis) of the five-coordinate hs ferric model complex [Fe(TPP)(Cl)] are analyzed and assigned for the first time. A correlated fit of the absorption and low-temperature MCD spectra of [Fe(TPP)(Cl)] lead to the identification of at least 20 different electronic transitions. The assignments of these spectra are based on the following: (a) variable temperature and variable field saturation data, (b) time-dependent density functional theory calculations, (c) MCD pseudo A-terms, and (d) correlation to resonance Raman (rRaman) data to validate the assignments. From these results, a number of puzzling questions about the electronic spectra of [Fe(TPP)(Cl)] are answered. The Soret band in [Fe(TPP)(Cl)] is split into three components because one of its components is mixed with the porphyrin A2u72-->Eg82/83 (pi-->pi*) transition. The broad, intense absorption feature at higher energy from the Soret band is due to one of the Soret components and a mixed sigma and pi chloro to iron CT transition. The high-temperature MCD data allow for the identification of the Q v band at 20 202 cm(-1), which corresponds to the C-term feature at 20 150 cm(-1). Q is not observed but can be localized by correlation to rRaman data published before. Finally, the low energy absorption band around 650 nm is assigned to two P-->Fe charge transfer transitions, one being the long sought after A1u(HOMO)-->d pi transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Paulat
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
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Nakamura M, Ohgo Y, Ikezaki A. Electronic ground states of low-spin iron(III) porphyrinoids. J Inorg Biochem 2008; 102:433-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2007.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2007] [Revised: 09/29/2007] [Accepted: 10/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pacholska‐Dudziak E, Latos‐Grażyński L. NMR Studies of Paramagnetic Metallocarbaporphyrinoids. Eur J Inorg Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200700078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pacholska‐Dudziak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot‐Curie St., Wrocław 50 383, Poland
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Sicking W, Korth HG, Jansen G, de Groot H, Sustmann R. Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition by a Non-Heme Iron(III) Catalase Mimic: A DFT Study. Chemistry 2007; 13:4230-45. [PMID: 17323385 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-heme iron(III) complexes of 14-membered tetraaza macrocycles have previously been found to catalytically decompose hydrogen peroxide to water and molecular oxygen, like the native enzyme catalase. Here the mechanism of this reaction is theoretically investigated by DFT calculations at the (U)B3LYP/6-31G* level, with focus on the reactivity of the possible spin states of the FeIII complexes. The computations suggest that H2O2 decomposition follows a homolytic route with intermediate formation of an iron(IV) oxo radical cation species (L.+FeIV==O) that resembles Compound I of natural iron porphyrin systems. Along the whole catalytic cycle, no significant energetic differences were found for the reaction proceeding on the doublet (S=1/2) or on the quartet (S=3/2) hypersurface, with the single exception of the rate-determining O--O bond cleavage of the first associated hydrogen peroxide molecule, for which reaction via the doublet state is preferred. The sextet (S=5/2) state of the FeIII complexes appears to be unreactive in catalase-like reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willi Sicking
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Campus Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45117 Essen, Germany
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Cheng RJ, Chang SH, Hung KC. An Anomalous Spin-Polarization Mechanism in High-Spin Manganese(III) Porphyrin Complexes. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:1948-50. [PMID: 17309250 DOI: 10.1021/ic0617238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Confluence of NMR for paramagnetic molecules and the complementary density functional theory calculations reveals an anomalous spin-polarization mechanism that is maximized in high-spin d(4) complexes. It is critical to realize this mechanism to correctly rationalize the spin-density distribution around the porphyrin macrocycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jen Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 402, Republic of China.
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Rachlewicz K, Gorzelańczyk D, Latos-Grazyński L. Iron Complexes of C- and N-Methylated 2-Aza-21-carbaporphyrin: NMR Studies. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:9742-7. [PMID: 17112270 DOI: 10.1021/ic061092h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Insertion of iron(II) into methylated derivatives of N-confused porphyrins 2-aza-2-methyl-5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21-carbaporphyrin (MeCTPPH)H, 2-aza-5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21-methyl-21-carbaporphyrin (CTPPMe)H2, and 2-aza-2-methyl-5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21-methyl-21-carbaporphyrin (MeCTPPMe)H yielded N- or C-methylated high-spin iron(II) complexes (MeCTPPH)Fe(II)Br, (HCTPPMe)Fe(II)Br, and (MeCTPPMe)Fe(II)Br. One electron oxidation of (Me-CTPPH)Fe(II)Br using Br2, accompanied by deprotonation of a C(21)-H(21) fragment and formation of an Fe-C(21) bond, produces an intermediate-spin, five-coordinate iron(III) complex (MeCTPP)Fe(III)Br. Simultaneously, a high-spin complex [(MeCTPPH)Fe(III)Br]+ was formed which preserved the side-on interaction between the metal ion and the inverted pyrrole ring. &[(MeCTPPH)Fe(III)Br]+ was also obtained by titration of (MeCTPP)FeIIIBr with TFA due to the C(21) protonation. A titration of (HCTPPMe)Fe(II)Br and (MeCTPPMe)Fe(II)Br with Br2 yielded solely corresponding high-spin iron(III) species [(HCTPPMe)Fe(III)Br+ and [(MeCTPPMe)Fe(III)Br+. Dioxygen reacts cleanly with (MeCTPPH)Fe(II)Br carbaporphyrin to form solely (MeCTPP)Fe(III)Br. The 1H NMR spectra of paramagnetic iron(II) and iron(III) complexes were examined. The characteristic patterns of pyrrole, C-methyl, and N-methyl resonances were found diagnostic of the ground electronic state of iron and the coordinating nature of the N-confused pyrrole. The characteristic C-Me resonances occur in a unique window (520-420 ppm) for iron(III) C-methylated N-confused porphyrins which remains in contrast with relatively small values found for iron(II) C-methylated derivatives (50-80 ppm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Rachlewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., Wrocław 50 383, Poland
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Wang H, Yang C, Zhang Z, Wang M, Han K. The molecular structure and vibrational spectra of corrolazine metal complexes (CzM) by density functional theory. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2006; 64:795-800. [PMID: 16529997 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2005.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2005] [Revised: 07/31/2005] [Accepted: 08/10/2005] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The ground-state geometries, electronic structures and vibrational frequencies of metal corrolazine complexes, CzM (M=Mn, Co, Ni and Fe) have been studied using B3LYP/6-311 g(d) method. The molecular geometries are sensitive to the species of the metal, and the bond length of the MN is increase with the metal atom radii. The ground-state electronic structures indicate that there are strong interactions between dx2-y2 of the metal fragments and the corrolazine fragments. The calculations also indicate that the CzNi is the stabilest among the four metal corrolazine complexes. Vibrational frequencies of these metal corrolazine complexes were also calculated and were assigned to the local coordinates of the corrolazine ring, which reveals the some common feature of the molecular vibrations of the metal corrolazine complexes as four-coordination metallocorrolazines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, China.
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Weiss R, Gold A, Terner J. Cytochromes c‘: Biological Models for the S = 3/2,5/2 Spin-State Admixture? Chem Rev 2006; 106:2550-79. [PMID: 16771459 DOI: 10.1021/cr040416l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Weiss
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaires, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, B.P.70028, F-67083 Strasbourg Cedex, France
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Walker FA, Licoccia S, Paolesse R. Iron corrolates: Unambiguous chloroiron(III) (corrolate)2− π-cation radicals. J Inorg Biochem 2006; 100:810-37. [PMID: 16519943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2006.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2005] [Revised: 01/09/2006] [Accepted: 01/09/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The structures, electron configurations, magnetic susceptibilities, spectroscopic properties, molecular orbital energies and spin density distributions, redox properties and reactivities of iron corrolates having chloride, phenyl, pyridine, NO and other ligands are reviewed. It is shown that with one very strong donor ligand such as phenyl anion the electron configuration of the metal is d(4)S=1 Fe(IV) coordinated to a (corrolate)(3-) anion, while with one weaker donor ligand such as chloride or other halide, the electron configuration is d(5)S=3/2 Fe(III) coordinated to a (corrolate)(2-.) pi-cation radical, with antiferromagnetic coupling between the metal and corrolate radical electron. Many of these complexes have been studied by electrochemical techniques and have rich redox reactivity, in most cases involving two 1-electron oxidations and two 1-electron reductions, and it is not possible to tell, from the shapes of cyclic voltammetric waves, whether the electron is added or removed from the metal or the macrocycle; often infrared, UV-Vis, or EPR spectroscopy can provide this information. (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopic methods are most useful in delineating the spin state and pattern of spin density distribution of the complexes listed above, as would also be expected to be the case for the recently-reported formal Fe(V)O corrolate, if this complex were stable enough for characterization by NMR spectroscopy. Iron, manganese and chromium corrolates can be oxidized by iodosylbenzene and other common oxidants used previously with metalloporphyrinates to effect efficient oxidation of substrates. Whether the "resting state" form of these complexes, most generally in the case of iron [FeCl(Corr)], actually has the electron configuration Fe(IV)(Corr)(3-) or Fe(III)(Corr)(2-.) is not relevant to the high-valent reactivity of the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ann Walker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85721-0041, USA.
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Ikezaki A, Nakamura M, Cheng RJ. Anomalous13C NMR Chemical Shifts of High-spin Saddle Shaped Manganese(III) Octaethyltetraphenylporphyrin Complexes. CHEM LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2006.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Semi-empirical AM1 and PM3 calculations of five- and six-coordinate oxo iron (IV) porphyrin complexes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2005.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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