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Sarnatskaya V, Shlapa Y, Kolesnik D, Lykhova O, Klymchuk D, Solopan S, Lyubchyk S, Golovynska I, Qu J, Stepanov Y, Belous A. Bioactivity of cerium dioxide nanoparticles as a function of size and surface features. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:2689-2704. [PMID: 38597367 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01900d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Nano-dispersed cerium dioxide is promising for use in medicine due to its unique physicochemical properties, including low toxicity, the safety of in vivo usage, active participation in different redox processes occurring in living cells, and its regenerative potential, manifested in the ability of CeO2 to participate repeatedly in redox reactions. In this work, we examined the biological activity of cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) synthesized by precipitation in mixed water/alcohol solutions at a constant pH of 9. This synthesis method allowed controlling the size and Ce3+/Ce4+ proportion on the surface of NPs, changing the synthesis conditions and obtaining highly stable suspensions of "naked" CeO2 NPs. Changes in the surface properties upon contact of CeO2 NPs with protein-rich media, e.g., bovine serum albumin and DMEM cell culture medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, the characteristics of nanoparticle uptake by mouse aortic endothelial cells and the antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles of different sizes were investigated by various state-of-the-art analytical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Sarnatskaya
- R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of the NAS of Ukraine, 45, Vasylkivska Str., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine.
| | - Yuliia Shlapa
- V. I. Vernadsky Institute of General & Inorganic Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 32/34, Palladina ave., Kyiv, 03142, Ukraine.
| | - Denis Kolesnik
- R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of the NAS of Ukraine, 45, Vasylkivska Str., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine.
| | - Olexandra Lykhova
- R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of the NAS of Ukraine, 45, Vasylkivska Str., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine.
| | - Dmytro Klymchuk
- M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the NAS of Ukraine, 2, Tereshchenkivska str., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Serhii Solopan
- R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of the NAS of Ukraine, 45, Vasylkivska Str., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine.
| | - Svitlana Lyubchyk
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Quinta de Torre, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Iuliia Golovynska
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonics and Biophotonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P.R. China
| | - Junle Qu
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Quinta de Torre, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Yurii Stepanov
- R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of the NAS of Ukraine, 45, Vasylkivska Str., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine.
| | - Anatolii Belous
- V. I. Vernadsky Institute of General & Inorganic Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 32/34, Palladina ave., Kyiv, 03142, Ukraine.
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2
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Chavez J, Khan A, Watson KR, Khan S, Si Y, Deng AY, Koher G, Anike MS, Yi X, Jia Z. Carbon Nanodots Inhibit Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Induced Endothelial Inflammation through Scavenging Hydrogen Peroxide and Upregulating Antioxidant Gene Expression in EA.hy926 Endothelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:224. [PMID: 38397822 PMCID: PMC10885878 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanodots (CNDs) are a new type of nanomaterial with a size of less than 10 nanometers and excellent biocompatibility, widely used in fields such as biological imaging, transmission, diagnosis, and drug delivery. However, its potential and mechanism to mediate endothelial inflammation have yet to be explored. Here, we report that the uptake of CNDs by EA.hy926 endothelial cells is both time and dose dependent. The concentration of CNDs used in this experiment was found to not affect cell viability. TNF-α is a known biomarker of vascular inflammation. Cells treated with CNDs for 24 h significantly inhibited TNF-α (0.5 ng/mL)-induced expression of intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and interleukin 8 (IL-8). ICAM-1 and IL-8 are two key molecules responsible for the activation and the firm adhesion of monocytes to activated endothelial cells for the initiation of atherosclerosis. ROS, such as hydrogen peroxide, play an important role in TNF-α-induced inflammation. Interestingly, we found that CNDs effectively scavenged H2O2 in a dose-dependent manner. CNDs treatment also increased the activity of the antioxidant enzyme NQO1 in EA.hy926 endothelial cells indicating the antioxidant properties of CNDs. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of CNDs may be due to the direct H2O2 scavenging properties of CNDs and the indirect upregulation of antioxidant enzyme NQO1 activity in endothelial cells. In conclusion, CND can inhibit TNF-α-induced endothelial inflammation, possibly due to its direct scavenging of H2O2 and the indirect upregulation of antioxidant enzyme NQO1 activity in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Chavez
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA (A.K.); (Y.S.); (G.K.)
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA (A.K.); (Y.S.); (G.K.)
| | - Kenna R. Watson
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA (A.K.); (Y.S.); (G.K.)
| | - Safeera Khan
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA (A.K.); (Y.S.); (G.K.)
| | - Yaru Si
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA (A.K.); (Y.S.); (G.K.)
| | | | - Grant Koher
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA (A.K.); (Y.S.); (G.K.)
| | - Mmesoma S. Anike
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA (A.K.); (Y.S.); (G.K.)
| | - Xianwen Yi
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Zhenquan Jia
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA (A.K.); (Y.S.); (G.K.)
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3
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Ashby G, Keng KE, Hayden CC, Gollapudi S, Houser JR, Jamal S, Stachowiak JC. Selective Endocytic Uptake of Targeted Liposomes Occurs within a Narrow Range of Liposome Diameters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:49988-50001. [PMID: 37862704 PMCID: PMC11165932 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Cell surface receptors facilitate signaling and nutrient uptake. These processes are dynamic, requiring receptors to be actively recycled by endocytosis. Due to their differential expression in disease states, receptors are often the target of drug-carrier particles, which are adorned with ligands that bind specifically to receptors. These targeted particles are taken into the cell by multiple routes of internalization, where the best-characterized pathway is clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Most studies of particle uptake have utilized bulk assays rather than observing individual endocytic events. As a result, the detailed mechanisms of particle uptake remain obscure. To address this gap, we employed a live-cell imaging approach to study the uptake of individual liposomes as they interact with clathrin-coated structures. By tracking individual internalization events, we find that the size of liposomes rather than the density of the ligands on their surfaces primarily determines their probability of uptake. Interestingly, targeting has the greatest impact on endocytosis of liposomes of intermediate diameters, with the smallest and largest liposomes being internalized or excluded, respectively, regardless of whether they are targeted. These findings, which highlight a previously unexplored limitation of targeted delivery, can be used to design more effective drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant Ashby
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States of America
| | - Kayla E. Keng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States of America
| | - Carl C. Hayden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States of America
| | - Sadhana Gollapudi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States of America
| | - Justin R. Houser
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States of America
| | - Sabah Jamal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States of America
| | - Jeanne C. Stachowiak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States of America
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States of America
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4
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Richards CJ, Burgers TCQ, Vlijm R, Roos WH, Åberg C. Rapid Internalization of Nanoparticles by Human Cells at the Single Particle Level. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16517-16529. [PMID: 37642490 PMCID: PMC10510712 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle uptake by cells has been studied for applications both in nanomedicine and in nanosafety. While the majority of studies have focused on the biological mechanisms underlying particle internalization, less attention has been given to questions of a more quantitative nature, such as how many nanoparticles enter cells and how rapidly they do so. To address this, we exposed human embryonic kidney cells to 40-200 nm carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles and the particles were observed by live-cell confocal and super-resolution stimulated emission depletion fluorescence microscopy. How long a particle remained at the cell membrane after adsorbing onto it was monitored, distinguishing whether the particle ultimately desorbed again or was internalized by the cell. We found that the majority of particles desorb, but interestingly, most of the particles that are internalized do so within seconds, independently of particle size. As this is faster than typical endocytic mechanisms, we interpret this observation as the particles entering via an endocytic event that is already taking place (as opposed to directly triggering their own uptake) or possibly via an as yet uncharacterized endocytic route. Aside from the rapidly internalizing particles, a minority of particles remain at the membrane for tens of seconds to minutes before desorbing or being internalized. We also followed particles after cell internalization, observing particles that appeared to exit the cell, sometimes as rapidly as within tens of seconds. Overall, our results provide quantitative information about nanoparticle cell internalization times and early trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceri J. Richards
- Pharmaceutical
Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Molecular
Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas C. Q. Burgers
- Molecular
Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rifka Vlijm
- Molecular
Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter H. Roos
- Molecular
Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christoffer Åberg
- Pharmaceutical
Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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5
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Chen H, Dong X, Ou L, Ma C, Yuan B, Yang K. Thermal-controlled cellular uptake of "hot" nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:12718-12727. [PMID: 37470374 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02449k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have shown immense potential in the field of biomedical applications, particularly in NP-based photothermal therapy, which offers a remote-controlled approach to achieve precise temperature control for site-specific heating and sub-cellular tumor treatment. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying related cellular activities, such as the cellular uptake behavior of irradiated NPs in photothermal effects, remain elusive. In this study, we conducted a thorough investigation of the interaction between an irradiated NP with elevated temperature (ranging from 270 to 360 K) and a model bilayer membrane composed of DPPC or DOPC using nonequilibrium coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations with the implicit-solvent Dry Martini force field. We observe that the interaction between a "hot" NP and a membrane is thermally regulated. In addition, the wrapping of membranes around NPs exhibits a strong dependence on the temperature of the irradiated NP, demonstrating a step-like change in behavior. This membrane wrapping effect is attributed to the heat conduction between NPs and membrane lipids, which occurs almost simultaneously with the membrane deformation and wrapping of NPs during the NP-membrane interaction process. Especially, during the process of heat conduction, a gel-to-fluid phase transition of the membrane may occur, which plays a crucial role in determining the deformation behavior of the membrane. Moreover, it is found that the membrane lipids in the two leaflets exhibit obvious and asymmetric molecular-level responses to heat flux, characterized by significant changes in packing states (e.g., the order parameter of lipid tails and area per lipid) and possible interdigitation between lipids. Furthermore, the thermal-controlled wrapping effect is tightly linked to the properties of NPs (e.g., size, NP-lipid affinity) and lipid species. Our findings are valuable for comprehending the thermal-regulated cellular internalization of NPs and offer insights into devising strategies to precisely modulate NP endocytosis by exploiting the interplay between heating and NP properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Chen
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xuewei Dong
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Luping Ou
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chiyun Ma
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Bing Yuan
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
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6
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Mahmoud K, Teaima M, Attia Y, El-Nabarawi M, Swidan S. Size-optimized simvastatin-loaded TPGS modified lipid nanocapsules for targeting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma: Role of PTEN/AKT signaling. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:703-719. [PMID: 37208857 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2216451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Novel D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) modified lipid nanocapsules (LNC) were prepared with the aim of improving the effectiveness of simvastatin (SIM) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study, therefore, sought to investigate the effect of size-optimized SIM-loaded LNC on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCC, providing insights on the implication of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/protein kinase B (AKT) axis. METHODS Two optimized SIM-loaded LNCs with particle sizes 25 nm (SIM-LNC25) and 50 nm (SIM-LNC50) were prepared and biodistribution studies were performed. The anticancer effect of the prepared LNC was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. The anti-migratory potential and EMT suppression through PTEN/AKT axis modulation were also explored. RESULTS SIM-LNC50 was superior to SIM-LNC25 in both in vitro and in vivo experiments, as evidenced by cytotoxicity assays, tumor histopathology, and enhanced apoptosis. SIM-LNC50 also alleviated the migratory potential of HCC cells. Moreover, EMT markers implied a transition of tumor cells toward the epithelial rather than the mesenchymal phenotype both in vitro and in vivo. PTEN/AKT axis modulation was also evident with SIM-LNC50. CONCLUSION The present study, therefore, suggests the efficacy of the 50 nm particles in SIM-loaded LNC in HCC by targeting EMT via modulating the PTEN/AKT signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Mahmoud
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Teaima
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmeen Attia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Nabarawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shady Swidan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, Egypt
- The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, Egypt
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7
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Menichetti A, Mavridi-Printezi A, Mordini D, Montalti M. Effect of Size, Shape and Surface Functionalization on the Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14050244. [PMID: 37233354 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14050244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most investigated antibacterial agents against multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens. They can lead to cellular death by means of different mechanisms, damaging several cell compartments, from the external membrane, to enzymes, DNA and proteins; this simultaneous attack amplifies the toxic effect on bacteria with respect to traditional antibiotics. The effectiveness of AgNPs against MDR bacteria is strongly correlated with their chemical and morphological properties, which influence the pathways involved in cellular damage. In this review, AgNPs' size, shape and modification by functional groups or other materials are reported, both to investigate the different synthetic pathways correlated with nanoparticles' modifications and to evaluate the related effect on their antibacterial activity. Indeed, understanding the synthetic conditions for obtaining performing antibacterial AgNPs could help to tailor new and improved silver-based agents to combat multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Menichetti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Dario Mordini
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Montalti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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8
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Nabihah Nasir N, Sekar M, Ravi S, Wong LS, Sisinthy SP, Gan SH, Subramaniyan V, Chidambaram K, Mat Rani NNI, Begum MY, Ramar M, Safi SZ, Selvaraj S, Chinna Maruthu SK, Fuloria S, Fuloria NK, Lum PT, Djearamane S. Chemistry, Biosynthesis and Pharmacology of Streptonigrin: An Old Molecule with Future Prospects for New Drug Design, Development and Therapy. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:1065-1078. [PMID: 37064433 PMCID: PMC10094529 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s388490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptonigrin is an aminoquinone alkaloid isolated from Streptomyces flocculus and is gaining attention as a drug molecule owing to its potential antitumor and antibiotic effects. It was previously used as an anticancer drug but has been discontinued because of its toxic effects. However, according to the most recent studies, the toxicity of streptonigrin and its structurally modified derivatives has been reduced while maintaining their potential pharmacological action at lower concentrations. To date, many investigations have been conducted on this molecule and its derivatives to determine the most effective molecule with low toxicity to enable new drug discovery. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive review and to discuss the prospects for streptonigrin and its derived compounds, which may boost the molecule as a highly interesting target molecule for new drug design, development and therapy. To complete this review, relevant literature was collected from several scientific databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect. Following a complete screening, the obtained information is summarized in the present review to provide a good reference and accelerate the development and utilization of streptonigrin and its derivatives as pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naurah Nabihah Nasir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India
| | - Subban Ravi
- Department of Chemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India
| | - Ling Shing Wong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, 71800, Malaysia
- Correspondence: Ling Shing Wong, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, 71800, Malaysia, Tel +6014 – 3034057, Email
| | - Sreenivas Patro Sisinthy
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kumarappan Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - M Yasmin Begum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohankumar Ramar
- Department of Surgical Research, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Sher Zaman Safi
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor, 42610, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah, 08100, Malaysia
| | | | - Pei Teng Lum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Sinouvassane Djearamane
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Perak, 31900, Malaysia
- Sinouvassane Djearamane, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, 31900, Perak, Malaysia, Tel +6016 – 4037685, Email
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9
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Richards CJ, Ahmadi M, Stuart MCA, Kooi BJ, Åberg C, Roos WH. The effect of biomolecular corona on adsorption onto and desorption from a model lipid membrane. NANOSCALE 2022; 15:248-258. [PMID: 36472238 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05296b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The current lack of insight into nanoparticle-cell membrane interactions hampers smart design strategies and thereby the development of effective nanodrugs. Quantitative and methodical approaches utilizing cell membrane models offer an opportunity to unravel particle-membrane interactions in a detailed manner under well controlled conditions. Here we use total internal reflection microscopy for real-time studies of the non-specific interactions between nanoparticles and a model cell membrane at 50 ms temporal resolution over a time course of several minutes. Maintaining a simple lipid bilayer system across conditions, adsorption and desorption were quantified as a function of biomolecular corona, particle size and fluid flow. The presence of a biomolecular corona reduced both the particle adsorption rate onto the membrane and the duration of adhesion, compared to pristine particle conditions. Particle size, on the other hand, was only observed to affect the adsorption rate. The introduction of flow reduced the number of adsorption events, but increased the residence time. Lastly, altering the composition of the membrane itself resulted in a decreased number of adsorption events onto negatively charged bilayers compared to neutral bilayers. Overall, a model membrane system offers a facile platform for real-time imaging of individual adsorption-desorption processes, revealing complex adsorption kinetics, governed by particle surface energy, size dependent interaction forces, flow and membrane composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceri J Richards
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands.
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands.
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Nanostructure Materials and Interfaces, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Rijksuniversiteit 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marc C A Stuart
- Department of Electron Microscopy, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Bart J Kooi
- Nanostructure Materials and Interfaces, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Rijksuniversiteit 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Christoffer Åberg
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands.
| | - Wouter H Roos
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands.
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10
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Jiang Y, Liu J, Qin J, Lei J, Zhang X, Xu Z, Li W, Liu X, Wang R, Li B, Lu X. Light-activated gold nanorods for effective therapy of venous malformation. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100401. [PMID: 36052154 PMCID: PMC9424588 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanorods have been studied extensively in the field of tumor therapy but have not been explored in the treatment of venous malformation (VM), which is a common vascular disease in clinic practice lacking an effective therapeutic approach. Herein we reported a nanoplatform of CD31 antibody-conjugated gold nanorods for the photothermal therapy of venous malformation. We immobilized CD31 antibodies on gold nanorods using standard 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide sodium (NHS) amine coupling strategies. Besides, a VM xenograft model suitable for testing therapeutic efficacy was established by isolating and culturing VM patient endothelial cells. In vitro experiments indicated that anti-CD31 gold nanorods (GNRs) combined with photothermal therapy (PTT) contributed to the suppression of proliferation and activation of the apoptosis pathway. For in vivo experiments, anti-CD31 GNRs were locally injected into VM xenograft models followed by near infrared (NIR) 808 nm laser irradiation. Notably, VM on the mice was destroyed and absorbed. The anti-CD31 GNRs nanoplatform may serve as a new strategy for the treatment of VM which is of good biosafety and high value of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Junchao Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jinbao Qin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jiahao Lei
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhijue Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xiaobing Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ruihua Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Fengcheng Branch, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201411, China
| | - Xinwu Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Fengcheng Branch, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201411, China
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11
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Yasin D, Sami N, Afzal B, Husain S, Naaz H, Ahmad N, Zaki A, Rizvi MA, Fatma T. Prospects in the use of gold nanoparticles as cancer theranostics and targeted drug delivery agents. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02701-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Hoang KNL, McClain SM, Meyer SM, Jalomo CA, Forney NB, Murphy CJ. Site-selective modification of metallic nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9728-9741. [PMID: 35975479 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03603g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Surface patterning of inorganic nanoparticles through site-selective functionalization with mixed-ligand shells or additional inorganic material is an intriguing approach to developing tailored nanomaterials with potentially novel and/or multifunctional properties. The unique physicochemical properties of such nanoparticles are likely to impact their behavior and functionality in biological environments, catalytic systems, and electronics applications, making it vital to understand how we can achieve and characterize such regioselective surface functionalization. This Feature Article will review methods by which chemists have selectively modified the surface of colloidal nanoparticles to obtain both two-sided Janus particles and nanoparticles with patchy or stripey mixed-ligand shells, as well as to achieve directed growth of mesoporous oxide materials and metals onto existing nanoparticle templates in a spatially and compositionally controlled manner. The advantages and drawbacks of various techniques used to characterize the regiospecificity of anisotropic surface coatings are discussed, as well as areas for improvement, and future directions for this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoi Nguyen L Hoang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
| | - Sophia M McClain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
| | - Sean M Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
| | - Catherine A Jalomo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
| | - Nathan B Forney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
| | - Catherine J Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
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13
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Li W, Kaminski Schierle GS, Lei B, Liu Y, Kaminski CF. Fluorescent Nanoparticles for Super-Resolution Imaging. Chem Rev 2022; 122:12495-12543. [PMID: 35759536 PMCID: PMC9373000 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Super-resolution imaging techniques that overcome the diffraction limit of light have gained wide popularity for visualizing cellular structures with nanometric resolution. Following the pace of hardware developments, the availability of new fluorescent probes with superior properties is becoming ever more important. In this context, fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted increasing attention as bright and photostable probes that address many shortcomings of traditional fluorescent probes. The use of NPs for super-resolution imaging is a recent development and this provides the focus for the current review. We give an overview of different super-resolution methods and discuss their demands on the properties of fluorescent NPs. We then review in detail the features, strengths, and weaknesses of each NP class to support these applications and provide examples from their utilization in various biological systems. Moreover, we provide an outlook on the future of the field and opportunities in material science for the development of probes for multiplexed subcellular imaging with nanometric resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Key
Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education,
College of Materials and Energy, South China
Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People’s Republic
of China,Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bingfu Lei
- Key
Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education,
College of Materials and Energy, South China
Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People’s Republic
of China,B. Lei.
| | - Yingliang Liu
- Key
Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education,
College of Materials and Energy, South China
Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Clemens F. Kaminski
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom,C. F. Kaminski.
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14
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Preparation of size-tunable sub-200 nm PLGA-based nanoparticles with a wide size range using a microfluidic platform. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271050. [PMID: 35925917 PMCID: PMC9352036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The realization of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) from laboratory to clinical applications remains slow, partly because of the lack of precise control of each condition in the preparation process and the rich selectivity of nanoparticles with diverse characteristics. Employing PLGA NPs to establish a large range of size-controlled drug delivery systems and achieve size-selective drug delivery targeting remains a challenge for therapeutic development for different diseases. In this study, we employed a microfluidic device to control the size of PLGA NPs. PLGA, poly (ethylene glycol)-methyl ether block poly (lactic-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA), and blend (PLGA + PEG-PLGA) NPs were engineered with defined sizes. Blend NPs exhibit the widest size range (40–114 nm) by simply changing the flow rate conditions without changing the precursor (polymer molecular weight, concentration, and chain segment composition). A model hydrophobic drug, paclitaxel (PTX), was encapsulated in the NPs, and the PTX-loaded NPs maintained a large range of controllable NP sizes. Furthermore, size-controlled NPs were used to investigate the effect of particle size of sub-200 nm NPs on tumor cell growth. The 52 nm NPs showed higher cell growth inhibition than 109 nm NPs. Our method allows the preparation of biodegradable NPs with a large size range without changing polymer precursors as well as the nondemanding fluid conditions. In addition, our model can be applied to elucidate the role of particle sizes of sub-200 nm particles in various biomedical applications, which may help develop suitable drugs for different diseases.
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15
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Gan S, Wu W, Feng G, Wang Z, Liu B, Tang BZ. Size Optimization of Organic Nanoparticles with Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristics for Improved ROS Generation and Photodynamic Cancer Cell Ablation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2202242. [PMID: 35652497 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorogens provide new opportunities to promote efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in aggregates, which represent the promising candidates to construct theranostic nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy (PDT), but the size effect has been rarely explored. Herein, a universal method to fabricate organic nanoparticles with controllable sizes is reported and it demonstrates that ≈45 nm is the optimal size of AIE nanoparticles for PDT. Different from conventional Ce6 nanoparticles which show largely reduced fluorescence and ROS generation with increasing nanoparticle size, AIE nanoparticles show gradually enhanced brightness and ROS generation upon increasing the sizes from 6 to ≈45 nm. Further increasing sizes could continue to intensify the nanoparticle's brightness at the expense of ROS production, with the optimal size for ROS generation being achieved at ≈45 nm. Both 2D monolayer cell and 3D multicellular spheroid experiments confirm that 45 nm AIE nanoparticles have the highest cellular uptake, the deepest penetration depth, and the best photodynamic killing effect. Such a study not only manifests the advantages of AIE photosensitizers, but also delivers the optimal size ranging for efficient PDT, which shall provide an attractive paradigm to guide the development of phototheranostic nanoparticles besides molecular design to further promote PDT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengming Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, AIE Institute, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Wenbo Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Guangxue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, AIE Institute, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, AIE Institute, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, AIE Institute, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 2001 Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
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16
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Liang Y, Furukawa H, Sakamoto K, Inaba H, Matsuura K. Anticancer Activity of Reconstituted Ribonuclease S-Decorated Artificial Viral Capsid. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200220. [PMID: 35676201 PMCID: PMC9400862 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ribonuclease S (RNase S) is an enzyme that exhibits anticancer activity by degrading RNAs within cancer cells; however, the cellular uptake efficiency is low due to its small molecular size. Here we generated RNase S‐decorated artificial viral capsids with a size of 70–170 nm by self‐assembly of the β‐annulus‐S‐peptide followed by reconstitution with S‐protein at neutral pH. The RNase S‐decorated artificial viral capsids are efficiently taken up by HepG2 cells and exhibit higher RNA degradation activity in cells compared with RNase S alone. Cell viability assays revealed that RNase S‐decorated capsids have high anticancer activity comparable to that of standard anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbing Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami 4-101, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan
| | - Hiroto Furukawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami 4-101, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan
| | - Kentarou Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami 4-101, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inaba
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami 4-101, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan.,Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami 4-101, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan
| | - Kazunori Matsuura
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami 4-101, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan.,Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami 4-101, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan
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17
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Dick TA, Sone ED, Uludağ H. Mineralized vectors for gene therapy. Acta Biomater 2022; 147:1-33. [PMID: 35643193 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
There is an intense interest in developing materials for safe and effective delivery of polynucleotides using non-viral vectors. Mineralization of organic templates has long been used to produce complex materials with outstanding biocompatibility. However, a lack of control over mineral growth has limited the applicability of mineralized materials to a few in vitro applications. With better control over mineral growth and surface functionalization, mineralized vectors have advanced significantly in recent years. Here, we review the recent progress in chemical synthesis, physicochemical properties, and applications of mineralized materials in gene therapy, focusing on structure-function relationships. We contrast the classical understanding of the mineralization mechanism with recent ideas of mineralization. A brief introduction to gene delivery is summarized, followed by a detailed survey of current mineralized vectors. The vectors derived from calcium phosphate are articulated and compared to other minerals with unique features. Advanced mineral vectors derived from templated mineralization and specialty coatings are critically analyzed. Mineral systems beyond the co-precipitation are explored as more complex multicomponent systems. Finally, we conclude with a perspective on the future of mineralized vectors by carefully demarcating the boundaries of our knowledge and highlighting ambiguous areas in mineralized vectors. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Therapy by gene-based medicines is increasingly utilized to cure diseases that are not alleviated by conventional drug therapy. Gene medicines, however, rely on macromolecular nucleic acids that are too large and too hydrophilic for cellular uptake. Without tailored materials, they are not functional for therapy. One emerging class of nucleic acid delivery system is mineral-based materials. The fact that they can undergo controlled dissolution with minimal footprint in biological systems are making them attractive for clinical use, where safety is utmost importance. In this submission, we will review the emerging synthesis technology and the range of new generation minerals for use in gene medicines.
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18
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Current Development of Nano-Drug Delivery to Target Macrophages. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051203. [PMID: 35625939 PMCID: PMC9139084 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are the most important innate immune cells that participate in various inflammation-related diseases. Therefore, macrophage-related pathological processes are essential targets in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Since nanoparticles (NPs) can be preferentially taken up by macrophages, NPs have attracted most attention for specific macrophage-targeting. In this review, the interactions between NPs and the immune system are introduced to help understand the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of NPs in immune cells. The current design and strategy of NPs modification for specific macrophage-targeting are investigated and summarized.
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19
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Agostinelli D, Elfring GJ, Bacca M. The morphological role of ligand inhibitors in blocking receptor- and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:3531-3545. [PMID: 35445221 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01710a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cells often internalize particles through endocytic pathways that involve the binding between cell receptors and particle ligands, which drives the cell membrane to wrap the particle into a delivery vesicle. Previous findings showed that receptor-mediated endocytosis is impossible for spherical particles smaller than a minimum size because of the energy barrier created by membrane bending. In this study, we investigate the morphological role of ligand inhibitors in blocking endocytosis, inspired by antibodies that inhibit virus ligands to prevent infection. While ligand inhibitors have the obvious effect of reducing the driving force due to adhesion, they also have a nontrivial (morphological) impact on the entropic and elastic energy of the system. We determine the necessary conditions for endocytosis by considering the additional energy barrier due to the membrane bending to wrap the inhibiting protrusions. We find that inhibitors increase the minimum radius previously reported, depending on their density and size. In addition, we extend this result to the case of clathrin-mediated endocytosis, which is the most common pathway for virus entry. The assembly of a clathrin coat with a spontaneous curvature increases the energy barrier and sets a maximum particle size (in agreement with experimental observations on spherical particles). Our investigation suggests that morphological considerations can inform the optimal design of neutralizing viral antibodies and new strategies for targeted nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Agostinelli
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Gwynn J Elfring
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Mattia Bacca
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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20
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Hadji H, Bouchemal K. Effect of micro- and nanoparticle shape on biological processes. J Control Release 2021; 342:93-110. [PMID: 34973308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the drug delivery field, there is beyond doubt that the shape of micro- and nanoparticles (M&NPs) critically affects their biological fate. Herein, following an introduction describing recent technological advances for designing nonspherical M&NPs, we highlight the role of particle shape in cell capture, subcellular distribution, intracellular drug delivery, and cytotoxicity. Then, we discuss theoretical approaches for understanding the effect of particle shape on internalization by the cell membrane. Subsequently, recent advances on shape-dependent behaviors of M&NPs in the systemic circulation are detailed. In particular, the interaction of M&NPs with blood proteins, biodistribution, and circulation under flow conditions are analyzed. Finally, the hurdles and future directions for developing nonspherical M&NPs are underscored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicheme Hadji
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Galien Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 8612, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Kawthar Bouchemal
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Galien Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 8612, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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21
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Sharma V, Choudhary S, Mankotia P, Kumari A, Sharma K, Sehgal R, Kumar V. Nanoparticles as fingermark sensors. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Sheng Q, Li T, Tang X, Zhao W, Guo R, Cun X, Zang S, Zhang Z, Li M, He Q. Comprehensively enhanced delivery cascade by transformable beaded nanofibrils for pancreatic cancer therapy. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:13328-13343. [PMID: 34477739 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02017j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Facing the barriers in each step of the in vivo delivery cascade, the low drug delivery efficiency remains problematic in tumor therapy. Although recently the nanofibril drug delivery systems have shown improved circulation and accumulation compared with nanoparticles, the poor deep penetration and cellular internalization hinder their application, especially for pancreatic cancer with dense stroma. To comprehensively address the hurdles in the delivery cascade, a matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) responsive transformable beaded nanofibril, which integrates the merits of nanofibril and small-sized nanoparticles, is established. The beaded nanofibril (GD@PPF) is prepared by conjugating gemcitabine-loaded small-sized nanoparticles (GD) with fibrous PEG-PCL (PPF) via GPLGVRG, a substrate peptide of MMP-2. GD@PPF escapes the clearance of the reticuloendothelial system (RES), prolongs the circulation time, and increases the selective accumulation in the tumor as fibrous micelles. Once accumulated in the tumor, small positively-charged GD is released from the beaded nanofibrils in response to MMP-2 overexpression in the stroma of pancreatic cancer, enabling permeation in the dense tumor matrix and cellular internalization, which makes up for the shortcomings of fibrous micelles. Furthermore, the remaining fibrous PPF surround the tumor tightly to impede the efflux of drugs, leading to improved retention. GD@PPF is biocompatible and exhibits excellent antitumor effect in Pan 02 subcutaneous tumor models. Therefore, the MMP-2 responsive transformable beaded nanofibril, which enhances the delivery efficiency in multiple stage of the delivery cascade, presents a promising strategy for pancreatic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Novel Drug Delivery System Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Cunningham C, de Kock M, Engelbrecht M, Miles X, Slabbert J, Vandevoorde C. Radiosensitization Effect of Gold Nanoparticles in Proton Therapy. Front Public Health 2021; 9:699822. [PMID: 34395371 PMCID: PMC8358148 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.699822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of proton therapy facilities and the clinical usage of high energy proton beams for cancer treatment has substantially increased over the last decade. This is mainly due to the superior dose distribution of proton beams resulting in a reduction of side effects and a lower integral dose compared to conventional X-ray radiotherapy. More recently, the usage of metallic nanoparticles as radiosensitizers to enhance radiotherapy is receiving growing attention. While this strategy was originally intended for X-ray radiotherapy, there is currently a small number of experimental studies indicating promising results for proton therapy. However, most of these studies used low proton energies, which are less applicable to clinical practice; and very small gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Therefore, this proof of principle study evaluates the radiosensitization effect of larger AuNPs in combination with a 200 MeV proton beam. CHO-K1 cells were exposed to a concentration of 10 μg/ml of 50 nm AuNPs for 4 hours before irradiation with a clinical proton beam at NRF iThemba LABS. AuNP internalization was confirmed by inductively coupled mass spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy, showing a random distribution of AuNPs throughout the cytoplasm of the cells and even some close localization to the nuclear membrane. The combined exposure to AuNPs and protons resulted in an increase in cell killing, which was 27.1% at 2 Gy and 43.8% at 6 Gy, compared to proton irradiation alone, illustrating the radiosensitizing potential of AuNPs. Additionally, cells were irradiated at different positions along the proton depth-dose curve to investigate the LET-dependence of AuNP radiosensitization. An increase in cytogenetic damage was observed at all depths for the combined treatment compared to protons alone, but no incremental increase with LET could be determined. In conclusion, this study confirms the potential of 50 nm AuNPs to increase the therapeutic efficacy of proton therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charnay Cunningham
- Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Maryna de Kock
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Monique Engelbrecht
- Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Xanthene Miles
- Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jacobus Slabbert
- Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Charlot Vandevoorde
- Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Cape Town, South Africa
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24
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Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely applied as drug carriers in drug delivery, due to their unique physical and structural properties. To achieve the drug delivery purpose, receptor-mediated endocytosis is a primary explored mechanism to internalize NPs into tumor cells. During the endocytosis process, properties of NPs, including size, shape, and surface functionality, play an important role in determining the final drug delivery efficacy. Many of these NP properties have been extensively explored individually. However, the multiple NP properties naturally interplay with each other in the endocytosis process to determine the internalization efficiency together. Therefore, it is significantly important to understand the interplay of different NP properties to improve the NP’s final delivery efficacy. In this review, we focus on the interplay of NPs properties on the endocytosis process to summarize the relevant experimental observations and physical mechanisms. Particularly, three different aspects are discussed in detail, including the interplay between size and shape; size and elasticity; shape and elasticity. We have summarized the most recent works and highlighted that building up systematic understandings for the complex interplay between NP properties can greatly help a better design of NP platforms for drug delivery.
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Mares-García AS, Ortiz Magdaleno M, Gordillo-Moscoso A, Cárdenas-Galindo MG, Ávila Hernández IN, Escobar-García DM, Márquez-Lucero A, Pozos-Guillén A. Morphological and biological properties of silica nanoparticles for CRTC3-siRNA delivery and downregulation of the RGS2 expression in preadipocytes. J Biomater Appl 2021; 36:626-637. [PMID: 33947275 DOI: 10.1177/08853282211014723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the morphological properties of amorphous silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs), their cytotoxicity and intracellular location within Human Osteoblasts (HOB). Additionally, SiO2 NPs were explored for their effectivity as carriers of CRTC3-siRNA on Human Preadipocytes (HPAd), and thus downregulate RGS2 gene expression. SiO2 NPs were synthesized using the method of Stöber at 45 °C, 56 °C, and 62 °C. These were characterized via TEM with EDS, Zeta Potential and FT-IR. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by XTT at three concentrations 50, 100 and 500 µg/mL; SiO2 NPs intracellular localization was observed through Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope. Delivering siRNA effectivity was measured by RT-qPCR. Morphology of SiO2 NPs was spherical with a range size from 64 to 119 nm; their surface charge was negative. Confocal images demonstrated that SiO2 NPs were located within cellular cytoplasm. At a SiO2 NPs concentration of 500 µg/mL HOB viability decreased, while at 50 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL cell viability was not affected regardless SiO2 NPs size. SiO2 NPs-CRTC3-siRNA are effective to down-regulate RGS2 gene expression in HPAd without cytotoxic effects. The developed SiO2 NPs-CRTC3-siRNA are a promising tool as a delivery vehicle to control obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- América Susana Mares-García
- Doctorado Institucional en Ingeniería y Ciencia de Materiales, , Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis, SLP, Mexico
| | - Marine Ortiz Magdaleno
- Doctorado Institucional en Ingeniería y Ciencia de Materiales, , Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis, SLP, Mexico
| | - Antonio Gordillo-Moscoso
- Doctorado Institucional en Ingeniería y Ciencia de Materiales, , Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis, SLP, Mexico
| | | | - Ilse Nayeli Ávila Hernández
- Doctorado Institucional en Ingeniería y Ciencia de Materiales, , Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis, SLP, Mexico
| | - Diana María Escobar-García
- Doctorado Institucional en Ingeniería y Ciencia de Materiales, , Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis, SLP, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Márquez-Lucero
- Doctorado Institucional en Ingeniería y Ciencia de Materiales, , Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis, SLP, Mexico
| | - Amaury Pozos-Guillén
- Doctorado Institucional en Ingeniería y Ciencia de Materiales, , Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis, SLP, Mexico
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Vishnevskiy DA, Garanina AS, Chernysheva AA, Chekhonin VP, Naumenko VA. Neutrophil and Nanoparticles Delivery to Tumor: Is It Going to Carry That Weight? Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002071. [PMID: 33734620 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The application of cell carriers for transporting nanodrugs to the tumor draws much attention as the alternative to the passive drug delivery. In this concept, the neutrophil (NΦ) is of special interest as this cell is able to uptake nanoparticles (NPs) and cross the vascular barrier in response to tumor signaling. There is a growing body of literature describing NP-NΦ interactions in vitro and in vivo that demonstrates the opportunity of using these cells to improve the efficacy of cancer therapy. However, a number of conceptual and technical issues need to be resolved for translating the technology into clinics. The current review summarizes the recent advances and challenges associated with NP-NΦ interactions, with the special focus on the complex interplay between the NP internalization pathways and the modulation of NΦ activity, and its potential consequences for nanodrug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil A. Vishnevskiy
- V. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology Kropotkinskiy Pereulok, 23 Moscow 119034 Russia
- N. I Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University Ulitsa Ostrovityanova, 1 Moscow 117997 Russia
| | - Anastasiia S. Garanina
- National University of Science and Technology (MISIS) Leninskiy Prospekt, 4 Moscow 119049 Russia
| | - Anastasia A. Chernysheva
- V. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology Kropotkinskiy Pereulok, 23 Moscow 119034 Russia
| | - Vladimir P. Chekhonin
- V. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology Kropotkinskiy Pereulok, 23 Moscow 119034 Russia
- N. I Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University Ulitsa Ostrovityanova, 1 Moscow 117997 Russia
| | - Victor A. Naumenko
- V. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology Kropotkinskiy Pereulok, 23 Moscow 119034 Russia
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Nagababu U, Shanmukha Kumar J, Rafi Shaik M, Sharaf MA. Facile synthesis, physiochemical characterization and bio evaluation of sulfadimidine capped cobalt nanoparticles. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2168-2174. [PMID: 33935564 PMCID: PMC8071960 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.02.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their less expensive, environment friendly nature, and their natural abundance of cobalt have attained more significant attention for the synthesis of cobalt nanoparticles. In the present study, we report the facile synthesis of cobalt nanoparticles using a straight forward chemical reduction approach of cobalt chloride with sodium borohydride and capping of sulfadimidine. sulfadimidine has strong capping eligibility on the surface of nanoparticles due to its chemical stability and is an applicable as stabilizer due to the existence of an amine bond. The as-synthesized sulfadimidine stabilized cobalt nanoparticles (Co-SD NPs) were characterized by using various spectroscopic and microscopic analysis like UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), High-Resolution Transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The XRD analysis exhibited the triclinic crystal structure of the as-synthesized cobalt nanoparticles and FT-IR analysis confirmed the capping of sulfadimidine via monodentate interaction. The HR-TEM analysis displayed the size of the cobalt nanoparticles approximately 3-5 nm. The antibacterial properties of the sulfadimidine stabilized cobalt nanoparticles (Co-SD NPs) were tested against various bacterial strains such as Klebsiella pneumonia (KP), Escherichia coli (EC) and Pseudomonas syringae (PS) by using agar disc diffusion approach. The results of sulfadimidine capped cobalt nanoparticles displayed the enhanced biological properties against the tested gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- U. Nagababu
- Department of Chemistry, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522502, India
| | - J.V. Shanmukha Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522502, India
| | - Mohammed Rafi Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A.F. Sharaf
- Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
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Longo R, Gorrasi G, Guadagno L. Electromagnetically Stimuli-Responsive Nanoparticles-Based Systems for Biomedical Applications: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:848. [PMID: 33810343 PMCID: PMC8065448 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) in the biomedical field are known for many decades as carriers for drugs that are used to overcome biological barriers and reduce drug doses to be administrated. Some types of NPs can interact with external stimuli, such as electromagnetic radiations, promoting interesting effects (e.g., hyperthermia) or even modifying the interactions between electromagnetic field and the biological system (e.g., electroporation). For these reasons, at present these nanomaterial applications are intensively studied, especially for drugs that manifest relevant side effects, for which it is necessary to find alternatives in order to reduce the effective dose. In this review, the main electromagnetic-induced effects are deeply analyzed, with a particular focus on the activation of hyperthermia and electroporation phenomena, showing the enhanced biological performance resulting from an engineered/tailored design of the nanoparticle characteristics. Moreover, the possibility of integrating these nanofillers in polymeric matrices (e.g., electrospun membranes) is described and discussed in light of promising applications resulting from new transdermal drug delivery systems with controllable morphology and release kinetics controlled by a suitable stimulation of the interacting systems (nanofiller and interacting cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Longo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy;
| | | | - Liberata Guadagno
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy;
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Sun Y, Davis E. Nanoplatforms for Targeted Stimuli-Responsive Drug Delivery: A Review of Platform Materials and Stimuli-Responsive Release and Targeting Mechanisms. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:746. [PMID: 33809633 PMCID: PMC8000772 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To achieve the promise of stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems for the treatment of cancer, they should (1) avoid premature clearance; (2) accumulate in tumors and undergo endocytosis by cancer cells; and (3) exhibit appropriate stimuli-responsive release of the payload. It is challenging to address all of these requirements simultaneously. However, the numerous proof-of-concept studies addressing one or more of these requirements reported every year have dramatically expanded the toolbox available for the design of drug delivery systems. This review highlights recent advances in the targeting and stimuli-responsiveness of drug delivery systems. It begins with a discussion of nanocarrier types and an overview of the factors influencing nanocarrier biodistribution. On-demand release strategies and their application to each type of nanocarrier are reviewed, including both endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Recent developments in stimuli-responsive targeting strategies are also discussed. The remaining challenges and prospective solutions in the field are discussed throughout the review, which is intended to assist researchers in overcoming interdisciplinary knowledge barriers and increase the speed of development. This review presents a nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems toolbox that enables the application of techniques across platforms and inspires researchers with interdisciplinary information to boost the development of multifunctional therapeutic nanoplatforms for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward Davis
- Materials Engineering Program, Mechanical Engineering Department, Auburn University, 101 Wilmore Drive, Auburn, AL 36830, USA;
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Wang X, Li D, Huang X, Luo Q, Li X, Zhang X, Zhang L. A bibliometric analysis and visualization of photothermal therapy on cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:1204-1215. [PMID: 35116448 PMCID: PMC8797757 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-2961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the most lethal diseases in the world, and photothermal therapy was reported recently as a new and effective therapy for cancer. This study offers the bibliometric and visualization analysis of photothermal therapy on cancer. METHODS A record of 6,233 papers in this field from 1995 to 2019 was obtained based on the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). And CiteSpace was used to analyze the annual trends of publications, countries, institutions, journals, co-cited references, and keywords in the field of photothermal therapy on cancer. RESULTS We identified that the number of publications continually increased over the time. The most productive country and institution in this field was China and Chinese Academy of Sciences, respectively. The ACS Appl Mater Interfaces was the most active journal. Co-cited references analysis revealed the top landmark articles in the field. Co-occurrence keywords and their clustered network were analyzed, revealing that materials, especially nanomaterials, used in photothermal therapy, remained the hotspots in this research field. Timezone view and burst detection of keywords showed that nanomaterials were always the hotspots and the frontier topics in this field. CONCLUSIONS The current study revealed that photothermal therapy has become a subject of growing study and a very important research area. In addition, the research of materials in photothermal therapy, especially nanomaterials, which were applied in photothermal therapy to treat cancer effectively, is the foci and the frontier topic in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinhe Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Luo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianqin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
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Dual Encapsulated Dacarbazine and Zinc Phthalocyanine Polymeric Nanoparticle for Photodynamic Therapy of Melanoma. Pharm Res 2021; 38:335-346. [PMID: 33604784 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-02999-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Melanoma is an invasive and very aggressive skin cancer due to its multi-drug resistance that results in poor patient survival. There is a need to test new treatment approaches to improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects of conventional treatments. METHODS PLA/PVA nanoparticles carrying both Dacarbazine and zinc phthalocyanine was produced by double emulsion technique. The characterization was performed by dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy. In vitro photodynamic therapy test assay using MV3 melanoma cells as a model has been performed. In vitro cell viability (MTT) was performed to measure cell toxicity of of nanoparticles with and without drugs using human endothelial cells as a model. The in vivo assay (biodistribution/tissue deposition) has been performed using radiolabeled PLA/PVA NPs. RESULTS The nanoparticles produced showed a mean diameter of about 259 nm with a spherical shape. The in-vitro photodynamic therapy tests demonstrated that the combination is critical to enhance the therapeutic efficacy and it is dose dependent. The in vitro cell toxicity assay using endothelial cells demonstrated that the drug encapsulated into nanoparticles had no significant toxicity compared to control samples. In-vivo results demonstrated that the drug loading affects the biodistribution of the nanoparticle formulations (NPs). Low accumulation of the NPs into the stomach, heart, brain, and kidneys suggested that common side effects of Dacarbazine could be reduced. CONCLUSION This work reports a robust nanoparticle formulation with the objective to leveraging the synergistic effects of chemo and photodynamic therapies to potentially suppressing the drug resistance and reducing side effects associated with Dacarbazine. The data corroborates that the dual encapsulated NPs showed better in-vitro efficacy when compared with the both compounds alone. The results support the need to have a dual modality NP formulation for melanoma therapy by combining chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy.
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32
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Zhou YC, Zhang YN, Yang X, Wang SB, Hu PY. Delivery systems for enhancing oncolytic adenoviruses efficacy. Int J Pharm 2020; 591:119971. [PMID: 33059014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic adenovirus (OAds) has long been considered a promising biotherapeutic agent against various types of cancer owing to selectively replicate in and lyse cancer cells, while remaining dormant in healthy cells. In the last years, multiple (pre)clinical studies using genetic engineering technologies enhanced OAds anti-tumor effects in a broad range of cancers. However, poor targeting delivery, tropism toward healthy tissues, low-level expression of Ad receptors on tumor cells, and pre-existing neutralizing antibodies are major hurdles for systemic administration of OAds. Different vehicles have been developed for addressing these obstacles, such as stem cells, nanoparticles (NPs) and shielding polymers, extracellular vesicles (EVs), hydrogels, and microparticles (MPs). These carriers can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of OVs through enhancing transfection, circulatory longevity, cellular interactions, specific targeting, and immune responses against cancer. In this paper, we reviewed adenovirus structure and biology, different types of OAds, and the efficacy of different carriers in systemic administration of OAds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Zhou
- Gastroenterological & Pancreatic Surgery Department, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - You-Ni Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang People's Hospital), Taizhou 317200, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shi-Bing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Pei-Yang Hu
- Department of Traumatology, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang People's Hospital), Taizhou 317200, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Liu P, Chen W, Okazaki Y, Battie Y, Brocard L, Decossas M, Pouget E, Müller-Buschbaum P, Kauffmann B, Pathan S, Sagawa T, Oda R. Optically Active Perovskite CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystals Helically Arranged on Inorganic Silica Nanohelices. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:8453-8460. [PMID: 32880460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) exhibit excellent absorption and luminescent properties. Inorganic silica right (or left) handed nanohelices are used as chiral templates to induce optically active properties to CsPbBr3 PNCs grafted on their surfaces. In suspension, PNCs grafted on the nanohelices do not show any detectable chiroptical properties. In contrast, in a dried film state, they show large circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signals with dissymmetric factor up to 6 × 10-3. Grazing incidence X-ray scattering, tomography, and cryo-electron microscopy (EM) have shown closely and helically packed PNCs on the dried helices and much more loosely organized PNCs on helices in suspension. Simulations based on the coupled dipole method (CDM) demonstrate that the CD comes from the dipolar interaction between PNC assembled into a chiral structure and the CD decreases with the interparticle distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhao Liu
- Chimie et Biologie des Membrance et des Nanoobjets (CBMN), CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, UMR 5248, 33607 Pessac, France
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Wei Chen
- Physik Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Yutaka Okazaki
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yann Battie
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique-Approche Multi-échelles des Milieux Complexes, (LCP-A2MC), Université de Lorraine, 1 Boulevard Arago, 57078 Metz, France
| | - Lysiane Brocard
- Bordeaux Imaging Centre, Plant Imaging Platform, UMS 3420, INRA-CNRS-INSERM-University of Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave-d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Marion Decossas
- Chimie et Biologie des Membrance et des Nanoobjets (CBMN), CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, UMR 5248, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Emilie Pouget
- Chimie et Biologie des Membrance et des Nanoobjets (CBMN), CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, UMR 5248, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Physik Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Brice Kauffmann
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (UMS 3033), Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-INSERM, 2 Rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Shaheen Pathan
- Chimie et Biologie des Membrance et des Nanoobjets (CBMN), CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, UMR 5248, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Takashi Sagawa
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Reiko Oda
- Chimie et Biologie des Membrance et des Nanoobjets (CBMN), CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, UMR 5248, 33607 Pessac, France
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Electrophoretic extraction of highly monodispersed graphene quantum dots from widely polydispersed bulk and its cytotoxicity effect against cancer cells. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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35
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Yamauchi N, Yatabe R, Iino H, Nagatsuka M, Sogame Y, Ogata M, Kobayashi Y. Spontaneous immobilization of both a fluorescent dye and a functional sugar during the fabrication of submicron-sized PMMA particles in an aqueous solution. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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36
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Lv Z, Li J, Yang F, Cao K, Bao Q, Sun Y, Yuan J. Antimony-Doped Tin Oxide Nanocrystals for Enhanced Photothermal Theragnosis Therapy of Cancers. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:673. [PMID: 32733864 PMCID: PMC7358652 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The doped semiconductor nanocrystal with free holes in valence band exhibits strong near-infrared (NIR) local surface plasmon resonance effects, which is essential for photothermal agents. Herein, the hydrophilic Sb doped SnO2 nanocrystals were successfully prepared by a simple hydrothermal synthesis method. The doping makes the Sb doped SnO2 nanocrystals possessing defect structures. Compared with the un-doped SnO2 nanocrystals, Sb doped SnO2 nanocrystals exhibit stronger absorption in the NIR region from 500 to 1,100 nm and higher photothermal conversion efficiency (up to 73.6%) which makes the synthesized Sb doped SnO2 nanocrystals be used as excellent photothermal agents. Importantly, Sb doped SnO2 nanocrystals can efficiently kill cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo under the irradiation of a 980 nm laser with a power density of 0.6 W cm–2. In addition, Sb doped SnO2 nanocrystals can also be served as efficient CT imaging agents owing to the large X-ray attenuation coefficient of tin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjing Lv
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiafeng Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kun Cao
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qiang Bao
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuhua Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jian Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Pacheco-Liñán PJ, Bravo I, Nueda ML, Albaladejo J, Garzón-Ruiz A. Functionalized CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots for Intracellular pH Measurements by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy. ACS Sens 2020; 5:2106-2117. [PMID: 32551511 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
pH is an important biomarker for many human diseases and great efforts are being made to develop new pH probes for bioimaging and biomedical applications. Here, the use of three different CdSe/ZnS QDs, functionalized with d-penicillamine and small peptides, as pH probes for fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is investigated. The fluorescence pH sensitivity of the nanoparticles is analyzed in different experimental media: aqueous solution, synthetic intracellular medium, and mesenchymal C3H10T1/2 and tumoral SK-MEL-2 cell lines. Different experiments along with theoretical calculations are conducted to unravel the mechanisms causing pH sensitivity of the nanoparticles and the effect of the length and composition of the peripheral branches on their photophysical properties. Absolute intracellular pH values measured in live cells with FLIM using a fluorescent probe based on a QD are reported here for the first time (intracellular pH values of 7.0 and 7.1 for C3H10T1/2 and SK-MEL-2 cells, respectively). These fluorescent nanoprobes can also be used to distinguish between different types of cells in cocultures on the basis of their different fluorescence lifetimes in dissimilar intracellular environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J. Pacheco-Liñán
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Iván Bravo
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina (UCLM-CSIC), C/ Almansa, 14, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - María L. Nueda
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina (UCLM-CSIC), C/ Almansa, 14, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - José Albaladejo
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Andrés Garzón-Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
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AKÇAN R, AYDOGAN HC, YILDIRIM MŞ, TAŞTEKİN B, SAĞLAM N. Nanotoxicity: a challenge for future medicine. Turk J Med Sci 2020; 50:1180-1196. [PMID: 32283898 PMCID: PMC7379444 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1912-209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Due to nanomaterials’ potential benefits for diagnosis and treatment, they are widely used in medical applications and personal care products. Interaction of nanomaterials, which are very small in size, with tissue, cell and microenvironment, can reveal harmful effects that cannot be created with chemically identical and larger counterparts in biological organisms. In this review, a challenge for future medicine, nanotoxicity of nanomaterials is discussed. Materials and methods A detailed review of related literature was performed and evaluated as per medical applications of nanomaterials their toxicity. Results and conclusion Most authors state “the only valid technology will be nanotechnology in the next era”; however, there is no consensus on the impact of this technology on humankind, environment and ecological balance. Studies dealing with the toxic effect of nanomaterials on human health have also varied with developing technology. Nanotoxicology studies such as in vivo-like on 3D human organs, cells, advanced genetic studies, and -omic approaches begin to replace conventional methods. Nanotoxicity and adverse effects of nanomaterials in exposed producers, industry workers, and patients make nanomaterials a double-edged sword for future medicine. In order to control and tackle related risks, regulation and legislations should be implemented, and researchers have to conduct joint multidisciplinary studies in various fields of medical sciences, nanotechnology, nanomedicine, and biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan AKÇAN
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Halit Canberk AYDOGAN
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Mahmut Şerif YILDIRIM
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, AfyonkarahisarTurkey
| | - Burak TAŞTEKİN
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Necdet SAĞLAM
- Department of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, AnkaraTurkey
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Tao N, Liu Y, Wu Y, Li X, Li J, Sun X, Chen S, Liu YN. Minimally Invasive Antitumor Therapy Using Biodegradable Nanocomposite Micellar Hydrogel with Functionalities of NIR-II Photothermal Ablation and Vascular Disruption. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4531-4542. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Tao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R. China
| | - Yandi Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R. China
| | - Yingjiao Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R. China
| | - Xilong Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R. China
| | - Juan Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Sun
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R. China
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, P.R. China
| | - You-Nian Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R. China
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Particle-Size-Dependent Delivery of Antitumoral miRNA Using Targeted Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12060505. [PMID: 32498278 PMCID: PMC7355705 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional core-shell mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) were tailored in size ranging from 60 to 160 nm as delivery agents for antitumoral microRNA (miRNA). The positively charged particle core with a pore diameter of about 5 nm and a stellate pore morphology allowed for an internal, protective adsorption of the fragile miRNA cargo. A negatively charged particle surface enabled the association of a deliberately designed block copolymer with the MSN shell by charge-matching, simultaneously acting as a capping as well as endosomal release agent. Furthermore, the copolymer was functionalized with the peptide ligand GE11 targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR. These multifunctional nanoparticles showed an enhanced uptake into EGFR-overexpressing T24 bladder cancer cells through receptor-mediated cellular internalization. A luciferase gene knock-down of up to 65% and additional antitumoral effects such as a decreased cell migration as well as changes in cell cycle were observed. We demonstrate that nanoparticles with a diameter of 160 nm show the fastest cellular internalization after a very short incubation time of 45 min and produce the highest level of gene knock-down.
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41
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Panja P, Jana NR. Lipid-Raft-Mediated Direct Cytosolic Delivery of Polymer-Coated Soft Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:5323-5333. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c03444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasanta Panja
- School of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Nikhil R. Jana
- School of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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42
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Panja P, Jana NR. Arginine-Terminated Nanoparticles of <10 nm Size for Direct Membrane Penetration and Protein Delivery for Straight Access to Cytosol and Nucleus. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:2363-2368. [PMID: 32130014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Although colloidal nanoparticles are known to enter into cells via endocytosis, the direct membrane permeation of nanoparticles is rarely reported, and the underlying mechanism of direct membrane permeation is largely unsolved. However, a direct membrane-penetrating nanoparticle has great advantage as a delivery carrier that offers high delivery efficiency, faster delivery kinetics, and minimal lysosomal degradation. Here we show that arginine-terminated Au nanoparticles of <10 nm size enter via energy-independent direct membrane penetration, but as the size increases, the nanoparticles switch to energy-dependent endocytotic uptake. As a delivery carrier, <10 nm Au nanoparticles directly transport an electrostatically bound protein into the cytosol within a minute and allow direct access of the protein to subcellular compartments. This direct delivery approach has been used for efficient nuclear targeting of proteins and can be adapted for direct cytosolic delivery or subcellular targeting applications with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanta Panja
- School of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Nikhil R Jana
- School of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata-700032, India
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43
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Shadmani P, Mehrafrooz B, Montazeri A, Naghdabadi R. Protein corona impact on nanoparticle-cell interactions: toward an energy-based model of endocytosis. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:115101. [PMID: 31751982 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab5a14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Upon incubation of nanoparticles in biological fluids, a new layer called the protein corona is formed on their surface affecting the interactions between nanoparticles and targeted cells during the endocytosis process. In the present study, a mathematical model based on the diffusion of membrane mobile receptors is proposed. Opposing the endocytosis proceeding, membrane bending and tension energies are named as resistant energy. Also, the binding energy and free-energy associated with the configurational entropy are collectively termed promoter energy. Utilizing this model, endocytosis of gold nanoparticle (GNP) is simulated to explore the biological media effect. The results reveal that there exists a nanoparticle size of 60 nm at which, the endocytosis time is at a minimum. It has been illustrated that, although for sufficiently small particles of diameter 30nm, membrane tension has a negligible contribution (<10%) in the resistant energy, it noticeably increases the endocytosis processing time for large particles. Therefore, we report several parametric studies to provide a better insight into the effects of biological media on the ingestion of nanoparticles. Through a detailed analysis of the engulfment of the nanoparticles, it is shown that the nanoparticle radius corresponding to the quickest possible ingestion time is affected in the presence of corona. Moreover, it is found that the formation of this layer does not only affect the endocytosis time but also can lead to incomplete engulfment by decreasing the ligand density on the nanoparticle surface. Use of the proposed model can play a significant role in advancing the design of nanoparticles in targeted drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Shadmani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Abdellatif AAH, Ibrahim MA, Amin MA, Maswadeh H, Alwehaibi MN, Al-Harbi SN, Alharbi ZA, Mohammed HA, Mehany ABM, Saleem I. Cetuximab Conjugated with Octreotide and Entrapped Calcium Alginate-beads for Targeting Somatostatin Receptors. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4736. [PMID: 32170176 PMCID: PMC7069942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61605-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to formulate oral cetuximab (CTX) for targeting colorectal cancer, which is reported to express somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). Therefore, coating CTX with a somatostatin analogue such as octreotide (OCT) is beneficial. Alginate was used to coat CTX to facilitate delivery to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This study aimed to deliver CTX conjugated with OCT in the form of microparticles as a GIT-targeted SSTR therapy. Both CTX and OCT were conjugated using a solvent evaporation method and the conjugated CTX-OCT was then loaded onto Ca-alginate-beads (CTX-OCT-Alg), which were characterized for drug interactions using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). Moreover, the morphology of formulated beads was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The drug content and release profile were studied using UV spectroscopy. Finally, in vitro cytotoxicity of all compounds was evaluated. The results showed homogenous conjugated CTX-OCT with a diameter of 0.4 mm. DSC showed a delay in the OCT peak that appeared after 200 °C due to small polymer interaction that shifted the OCT peak. Moreover, FTIR showed no prominent interaction. SEM showed clear empty cavities in the plain Ca-alginate-beads, while CTX-OCT-Alg showed occupied beads without cavities. CTX-OCT-Alg had a negligible release in 0.1 N HCl, while the CTX-OCT was completely released after 300 min in phosphate buffer pH 7.4. All formulations showed good antiproliferative activity compared with free drugs. The formulated CTX-OCT-Alg are a promising platform for targeting colorectal cancer through GIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A H Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Hamzah Maswadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammed N Alwehaibi
- Pharm. D. Student, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan N Al-Harbi
- Pharm. D. Student, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zayed A Alharbi
- Pharm. D. Student, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdoon A Mohammed
- Department of Medicnal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Imran Saleem
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University James Parsons Building, Liverpool, UK
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Bloise N, Massironi A, Della Pina C, Alongi J, Siciliani S, Manfredi A, Biggiogera M, Rossi M, Ferruti P, Ranucci E, Visai L. Extra-Small Gold Nanospheres Decorated With a Thiol Functionalized Biodegradable and Biocompatible Linear Polyamidoamine as Nanovectors of Anticancer Molecules. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:132. [PMID: 32195232 PMCID: PMC7065572 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles are elective candidate for cancer therapy. Current efforts are devoted to developing innovative methods for their synthesis. Besides, understanding their interaction with cells have become increasingly important for their clinical application. This work aims to describe a simple approach for the synthesis of extra-small gold nanoparticles for breast cancer therapy. In brief, a biocompatible and biodegradable polyamidoamine (named AGMA1-SH), bearing 20%, on a molar basis, thiol-functionalized repeat units, is employed to stabilize and coat extra-small gold nanospheres of different sizes (2.5, 3.5, and 5 nm in gold core), and to generate a nanoplatform for the link with Trastuzumab monoclonal antibody for HER2-positive breast cancer targeting. Dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, circular dichroism, protein quantification assays are used for the characterization. The targeting properties of the nanosystems are explored to achieve enhanced and selective uptake of AGMA1-SH-gold nanoparticles by in vitro studies against HER-2 overexpressing cells, SKBR-3 and compared to HER-2 low expressing cells, MCF-7, and normal fibroblast cell line, NIH-3T3. In vitro physicochemical characterization demonstrates that gold nanoparticles modified with AGMA1-SH are more stable in aqueous solution than the unmodified ones. Additionally, the greater gold nanoparticles size (5-nm) is associated with a higher stability and conjugation efficiency with Trastuzumab, which retains its folding and anticancer activity after the conjugation. In particular, the larger Trastuzumab functionalized nanoparticles displays the highest efficacy (via the pro-apoptotic protein increase, anti-apoptotic components decrease, survival-proliferation pathways downregulation) and internalization (via the activation of the classical clathrin-mediated endocytosis) in HER-2 overexpressing SKBR-3 cells, without eliciting significant effects on the other cell lines. The use of biocompatible AGMA1-SH for producing covalently stabilized gold nanoparticles to achieve selective targeting, cytotoxicity and uptake is completely novel, offering an important advancement for developing new anticancer conjugated-gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Bloise
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), Biochemistry Unit, Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxicology and Environmental Risks, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri S.p.A, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessio Massironi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, UdR INSTM PISA, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Della Pina
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano e CNR-ISTM, Milan, Italy
| | - Jenny Alongi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stella Siciliani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Amedea Manfredi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Biggiogera
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michele Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano e CNR-ISTM, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ferruti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Livia Visai
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), Biochemistry Unit, Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxicology and Environmental Risks, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri S.p.A, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
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46
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Derikov YI, Shandryuk GA, Karpov ON, Tal’rose RV. Composites Based on Functionalized Polystyrene and Semiconductor Quantum Dots. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090420020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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47
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Liu K, Liu K, Liu J, Ren Q, Zhao Z, Wu X, Li D, Yuan F, Ye K, Li B. Copper chalcogenide materials as photothermal agents for cancer treatment. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:2902-2913. [PMID: 31967164 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08737k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Copper-based chalcogenide nanomaterials have made tremendous progress for cancer theranostics due to their simple preparation, low cost, stable performance, and easy functionalization. But a systematic review and analysis about them does not exist. Therefore, we offer an account, mainly focusing on the design and functionalization of the copper-based chalcogenide nanomaterials for cancer theranostics, aiming to briefly demonstrate the design and concepts, summarize some of the past studies and analyze the development trends in the copper-based chalcogenide nanomaterials for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China. and Department of vascular surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qindao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Junchao Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Qilong Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Dalin Li
- Department of vascular surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qindao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Fukang Yuan
- Department of General Surgery of XuZhou Central Hospital, XuZhou 221009, Jiangsu, China. and XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, XuZhou 221009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaichuang Ye
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Rahman MM, Karim MR, Alam MM, Zaman MB, Alharthi N, Alharbi H, Asiri AM. Facile and efficient 3-chlorophenol sensor development based on photolumenescent core-shell CdSe/ZnS quantum dots. Sci Rep 2020; 10:557. [PMID: 31953448 PMCID: PMC6969177 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconducting inorganic nanoparticles, tiny molecules of 2-10 nm sizes to strength the quantum confinements of electrons. The QDs are good enough to emit light onto electrons for exciting and returning to the ground state. Here, CdSe/ZnS core/shell QDs have been prepared and applied for electrochemical sensor development in this approach. Flat glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was coated with CdSe/ZnS QDs as very thin uniform layer to result of the selective and efficient sensor of 3-CP (3-chlorophenol). The significant analytical parameters were calculated from the calibration plot such as sensitivity (3.6392 µA µM-1 cm-2) and detection limit (26.09 ± 1.30 pM) with CdSe/ZnS/GCE sensor probe by electrochemical approach. The calibration curve was fitted with the regression co-efficient r2 = 0.9906 in the range of 0.1 nM ∼ 0.1 mM concentration, which denoted as linear dynamic range (LDR). Besides these, it was performed the reproducibility in short response time and successfully validated the fabricated sensor for 3-CP in the real environmental and extracted samples. It is introduced as a noble route to detect the environmental phenolic contaminants using CdSe/ZnS QDs modified sensor by electrochemical method for the safety of healthcare and environmental fields at broad scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Rahman
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) & Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Rezaul Karim
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421 & K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - M M Alam
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - M Badruz Zaman
- Quality Engineering Test Establishment, Department of National Defence, Gatineau, QC, J8X 1C6, Canada
| | - Nabeel Alharthi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Alharbi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) & Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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49
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Graczyk A, Pawlowska R, Jedrzejczyk D, Chworos A. Gold Nanoparticles in Conjunction with Nucleic Acids as a Modern Molecular System for Cellular Delivery. Molecules 2020; 25:E204. [PMID: 31947834 PMCID: PMC6982881 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of nanotechnology has become prominent in many fields, such as medicine, electronics, production of materials, and modern drugs. Nanomaterials and nanoparticles have gained recognition owing to the unique biochemical and physical properties. Considering cellular application, it is speculated that nanoparticles can transfer through cell membranes following different routes exclusively owing to their size (up to 100 nm) and surface functionalities. Nanoparticles have capacity to enter cells by themselves but also to carry other molecules through the lipid bilayer. This quality has been utilized in cellular delivery of substances like small chemical drugs or nucleic acids. Different nanoparticles including lipids, silica, and metal nanoparticles have been exploited in conjugation with nucleic acids. However, the noble metal nanoparticles create an alternative, out of which gold nanoparticles (AuNP) are the most common. The hybrids of DNA or RNA and metal nanoparticles can be employed for functional assemblies for variety of applications in medicine, diagnostics or nano-electronics by means of biomarkers, specific imaging probes, or gene expression regulatory function. In this review, we focus on the conjugates of gold nanoparticles and nucleic acids in the view of their potential application for cellular delivery and biomedicine. This review covers the current advances in the nanotechnology of DNA and RNA-AuNP conjugates and their potential applications. We emphasize the crucial role of metal nanoparticles in the nanotechnology of nucleic acids and explore the role of such conjugates in the biological systems. Finally, mechanisms guiding the process of cellular intake, essential for delivery of modern therapeutics, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Arkadiusz Chworos
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland; (A.G.); (R.P.); (D.J.)
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50
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Mohd-Zahid MH, Mohamud R, Che Abdullah CA, Lim J, Alem H, Wan Hanaffi WN, Z. A. I. Colorectal cancer stem cells: a review of targeted drug delivery by gold nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08192e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The proposed schematic mechanismviawhich 5-fluorouracil-loaded gold nanoparticles conjugated with CD133 antibody target colorectal cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manali Haniti Mohd-Zahid
- Department of Chemical Pathology
- School of Medical Sciences
- Universiti Sains Malaysia
- 16150 Kubang Kerian
- Malaysia
| | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Department of Immunology
- School of Medical Sciences
- Universiti Sains Malaysia
- 16150 Kubang Kerian
- Malaysia
| | | | - JitKang Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Universiti Sains Malaysia
- 14300 Nibong Tebal
- Malaysia
| | - Halima Alem
- Institut Jean Lamour (IJL, UMR 7198)
- Université de Lorraine
- CNRS
- F-54011 Nancy Cedex
- France
| | | | - Iskandar Z. A.
- Department of Chemical Pathology
- School of Medical Sciences
- Universiti Sains Malaysia
- 16150 Kubang Kerian
- Malaysia
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