1
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Shimazumi R, Tobisu M. Unimolecular Fragment Coupling: A New Bond-Forming Methodology via the Deletion of Atom(s). JACS AU 2024; 4:1676-1695. [PMID: 38818052 PMCID: PMC11134393 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Unimolecular fragment coupling (UFC) is defined as a reaction format, wherein atom(s) located in the middle of a molecule are extruded, and the remaining fragments are coupled. UFC is a potentially powerful strategy that is an alternative to transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling because the target chemical bond is formed in an intramolecular fashion, which is inherently beneficial for chemoselectivity and stereoselectivity issues. In this Perspective, we will present an overview of the recent advances in UFC reactions, which encompass those proceeding through the elimination of CO2, CO, SO2, isocyanates, N2, or single atoms primarily via transition metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Shimazumi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tobisu
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Innovative
Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary
Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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2
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Xu Z, Li X, Rose JA, Herzon SB. Finding activity through rigidity: syntheses of natural products containing tricyclic bridgehead carbon centers. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:1393-1431. [PMID: 37140079 PMCID: PMC10472132 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00008g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2022Tricyclic bridgehead carbon centers (TBCCs) are a synthetically challenging substructure found in many complex natural products. Here we review the syntheses of ten representative families of TBCC-containing isolates, with the goal of outlining the strategies and tactics used to install these centers, including a discussion of the evolution of the successful synthetic design. We provide a summary of common strategies to inform future synthetic endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA.
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA.
| | - John A Rose
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA.
| | - Seth B Herzon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA.
- Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
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3
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Chattapadhyay D, Aydogan A, Doktor K, Maity A, Wu JW, Michaudel Q. Harnessing Sulfur(VI) Fluoride Exchange Click Chemistry and Photocatalysis for Deaminative Benzylic Arylation. ACS Catal 2023; 13:7263-7268. [PMID: 37655265 PMCID: PMC10468006 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c01981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
While among the most common functional handles present in organic molecules, amines are a widely underutilized linchpin for C-C bond formation. To facilitate C-N bond cleavage, large activating groups are typically used but result in the generation of stoichiometric amounts of organic waste. Herein, we report an atom-economic activation of benzylic primary amines relying on the Sulfur(VI) Fluoride Exchange (SuFEx) click chemistry and the aza-Ramberg-Bäcklund reaction. This two-step sequence allows the high-yielding generation of 1,2-dialkyldiazenes from primary amines via loss of SO2. Excitation of the diazenes with blue light and an Ir photocatalyst affords radical pairs upon expulsion of N2, which can be coaxed into the formation of C(sp3)-C(sp2) bonds upon diffusion and capture by a Ni catalyst. This arylative strategy relying on a traceless click approach was harnessed in a variety of examples and its mechanism was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katarzyna Doktor
- Department of Chemistry, Texas
A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Arunava Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Texas
A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jiun Wei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas
A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Quentin Michaudel
- Department of Chemistry, Texas
A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, United States
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4
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Steiniger KA, Lamb MC, Lambert TH. Cross-Coupling of Amines via Photocatalytic Denitrogenation of In Situ Generated Diazenes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11524-11529. [PMID: 37201211 PMCID: PMC10405275 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A method for C(sp3)-C(sp3) cross-coupling of amines is described. Primary amines are converted to 1,2-dialkyldiazenes by treatment with O-nosylhydroxylamines in the presence of atmospheric oxygen. Denitrogenation of the diazenes with an iridium photocatalyst then forges the C-C bond. The substrate scope accommodates a broad latitude of functionality, including heteroaromatics and unprotected alcohols and acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keri A Steiniger
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Matthew C Lamb
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Tristan H Lambert
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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5
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Protich Z, Lowder LL, Hughes RP, Wu J. Regiodivergent (3 + 2) annulation reactions of oxyallyl cations. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5196-5203. [PMID: 37206390 PMCID: PMC10189855 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06999g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a new method for the regiodivergent dearomative (3 + 2) reaction between 3-substituted indoles and oxyallyl cations. Access to both regioisomeric products is possible and is contingent on the presence or absence of a bromine atom on the substituted oxyallyl cation. In this way, we are able to prepare molecules that contain highly-hindered, stereodefined, vicinal, quaternary centers. Detailed computational studies employing energy decomposition analysis (EDA) at the DFT level establishes that regiochemical control arises from either reactant distortion energy or orbital mixing and dispersive forces, depending on the oxyallyl cation. Examination of the Natural Orbitals for Chemical Valence (NOCV) confirms that indole acts as the nucleophilic partner in the annulation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Protich
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College Hanover New Hampshire 03755 USA
| | - Leah L Lowder
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College Hanover New Hampshire 03755 USA
| | - Russell P Hughes
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College Hanover New Hampshire 03755 USA
| | - Jimmy Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College Hanover New Hampshire 03755 USA
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6
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Bai L, Fu B, Jiang X. A one-step gram-scale protocol for stereoselective domino dimerization to asperazine A analogs. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102114. [PMID: 36861828 PMCID: PMC9985029 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present an efficient protocol for stereoselective 4N-based domino dimerization in one single step, establishing a 22-membered library of asperazine A analogs. We describe steps for performing a gram-scale 2N-monomer to access the unsymmetrical 4N-dimer. We detail the synthesis of the desired dimer 3a as a yellow solid in 78% yield. This process demonstrates the 2-(iodomethyl)cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylate to be an iodine cation source. The protocol is limited to unprotected aniline of 2N-monomer. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Bai et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiyang Bai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Bei Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China; State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China; State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
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7
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Bispyrrolidinoindoline Epi(poly)thiodioxopiperazines (BPI-ETPs) and Simplified Mimetics: Structural Characterization, Bioactivities, and Total Synthesis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217585. [DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the 2,5-dioxopiperazine-containing natural products generated by “head-to-tail” cyclization of peptides, those derived from tryptophan allow further structural diversification due to the rich chemical reactivity of the indole heterocycle, which can generate tetracyclic fragments of hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole or pyrrolidinoindoline skeleton fused to the 2,5-dioxopiperazine. Even more complex are the dimeric bispyrrolidinoindoline epi(poly)thiodioxopiperazines (BPI-ETPs), since they feature transannular (poly)sulfide bridges connecting C3 and C6 of their 2,5-dioxopiperazine rings. Homo- and heterodimers composed of diastereomeric epi(poly)thiodioxopiperazines increase the complexity of the family. Furthermore, putative biogenetically generated downstream metabolites with C11 and C11’-hydroxylated cores, as well as deoxygenated and/or oxidized side chain counterparts, have also been described. The isolation of these complex polycyclic tryptophan-derived alkaloids from the classical sources, their structural characterization, the description of the relevant biological activities and putative biogenetic routes, and the synthetic efforts to generate and confirm their structures and also to prepare and further evaluate structurally simple analogs will be reported.
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8
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Total synthesis of (+)-asperazine A: A stereoselective domino dimerization. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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9
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Hu Y, Yuan J, Li Z, Zhao L, Zhao J, Yu X. Asymmetric α-spirocyclopropanation of oxindoles and benzofuranones via dynamic kinetic resolution. Commun Chem 2022; 5:106. [PMID: 36697948 PMCID: PMC9814566 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00695-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiral benzo five-membered heterocyclic spirocyclopropanes are an important class of parent core structures with pharmacological activity. A novel organocatalytic one-pot cascade ether oxidation iminium-ion activation strategy for the asymmetric spirocyclopropylation of benzofuran-2-ones and indolin-2-ones from allyl tert-butyl ethers/ pent-2,4-dienyl ethyl ethers with excellent enantioselectivity (ee% up to > 99) and diastereoselectivity(dr.% up to 91:9) has been developed. This process involves the successful dynamic kinetic resolution of racemic 3-bromobenzofuran-2-ones or 3-bromoindolin-2-ones. Its synthetic application will provide a new aminocatalytic cascade tool for the efficient synthesis of complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactors, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Yuan
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactors, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheyao Li
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactors, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhao
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactors, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Zhao
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactors, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinhong Yu
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactors, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237 People’s Republic of China
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10
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García-Domínguez P, Areal A, Alvarez R, de Lera AR. Chemical synthesis in competition with global genome mining and heterologous expression for the preparation of dimeric tryptophan-derived 2,5-dioxopiperazines. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:1172-1225. [PMID: 35470828 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00006g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2021Within the 2,5-dioxopiperazines-containing natural products, those generated from tryptophan allow further structural diversification due to the rich chemical reactivity of the indole heterocycle. The great variety of natural products, ranging from simple dimeric bispyrrolidinoindoline dioxopiperazines and tryptophan-derived dioxopiperazine/pyrrolidinoindoline dioxopiperazine analogs to complex polycyclic downstream metabolites containing transannular connections between the subunits, will be covered. These natural products are constructed by Nature using hybrid polyketide synthase (PKS) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) assembly lines. Mining of microbial genome sequences has more recently allowed the study of the metabolic routes and the discovery of their hidden biosynthetic potential. The competition (ideally, also the combined efforts) between their isolation from the cultures of the producing microorganisms after global genome mining and heterologous expression and the synthetic campaigns, has more recently allowed the successful generation and structural confirmation of these natural products. Their biological activities as well as their proposed biogenetic routes and computational studies on biogenesis will also be covered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Areal
- CINBIO and Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
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11
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Scott TZ, Armelin VF, Movassaghi M. Total Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of (-)-Psychotridine. Org Lett 2022; 24:2160-2164. [PMID: 35297255 PMCID: PMC9204752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the first enantioselective total synthesis and stereochemical assignment of (-)-psychotridine. The application of our diazene-directed assembly of enantiomerically enriched cyclotryptamines afforded a highly convergent synthesis of the pentameric alkaloid, allowing its detailed structural assignment. Highlights of the synthesis include the introduction of four quaternary stereocenters with complete stereochemical control in a single step via the photoextrusion of three molecules of dinitrogen from an advanced intermediate and metal-catalyzed C-H amination reactions in challenging settings.
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12
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Ma Z, Zhou A, Xia C. Strategies for total synthesis of bispyrrolidinoindoline alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:1015-1044. [PMID: 35297915 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00060h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Covering up to 2021Complex cyclotryptamine alkaloids with a bispyrrolidino[2,3-b]indoline (BPI) skeleton are an intriguing family of natural products, exhibiting wide systematic occurrences, large structural diversity, and multiple biological activities. Based on their structural characteristics, BPI alkaloids can be classified into chimonanthine-type BPI alkaloids, BPI diketopiperazines, and BPI epipolythiodiketopiperazines. These intricate molecules have captivated great attention soon after their isolation and identification in the 1960s. Due to the structural complexity, the total synthesis of these cyclotryptamine alkaloids is challenging. Nevertheless, remarkable progress has been achieved in the last six decades; in particular, several methods have been successfully established for the construction of vicinal all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. In this review, the structural diversity and chemical synthesis of these BPI alkaloids were summarized. BPI alkaloids are mainly synthesized by the methods of oxidative dimerization, reductive dimerization, and alkylation of bisoxindole. The purpose of this review is to present overall strategies for assembling the BPI skeleton and efforts towards controlling the stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, and Yunnan University Library, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Ankun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, and Yunnan University Library, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Chengfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, and Yunnan University Library, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
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13
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Hui C, Wang S, Xu C. Dinitrogen extrusion from diazene in organic synthesis. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Abstract
The natural product himastatin has an unusual homodimeric structure that presents a substantial synthetic challenge. We report the concise total synthesis of himastatin from readily accessible precursors, incorporating a final-stage dimerization strategy that was inspired by a detailed consideration of the compound's biogenesis. Combining this approach with a modular synthesis enabled expedient access to more than a dozen designed derivatives of himastatin, including synthetic probes that provide insight into its antibiotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyan A. D’Angelo
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Carly K. Schissel
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bradley L. Pentelute
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States,Corresponding authors. ,
| | - Mohammad Movassaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States,Corresponding authors. ,
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15
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McFadden TP, Nwachukwu CI, Roberts AG. An amine template strategy to construct successive C-C bonds: synthesis of benzo[ h]quinolines by a deaminative ring contraction cascade. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1379-1385. [PMID: 35084425 PMCID: PMC8957836 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02245h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We developed a convergent strategy to build, cyclize and excise nitrogen from tertiary amines for the synthesis of polyheterocyclic aromatics. Biaryl-linked azepine intermediates can undergo a deaminative ring contraction cascade reaction, excising nitrogen with the formation of an aromatic core. This strategy and deaminative ring contraction reaction are useful for the synthesis of benzo[h]quinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Patrick McFadden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
| | | | - Andrew George Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
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16
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Huffman BJ, Chu T, Hanaki Y, Wong JJ, Chen S, Houk KN, Shenvi RA. Stereodivergent Attached‐Ring Synthesis via Non‐Covalent Interactions: A Short Formal Synthesis of Merrilactone A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Huffman
- Department of Chemistry Scripps Research 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Tiffany Chu
- Department of Chemistry Scripps Research 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Yusuke Hanaki
- Department of Chemistry Scripps Research 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Jonathan J. Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry UCLA: University of California Los Angeles 619 Charles E. Young Drive East Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Shuming Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Oberlin College 119 Woodland Street Oberlin OH 44074 USA
| | - Kendall N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry UCLA: University of California Los Angeles 619 Charles E. Young Drive East Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Ryan A. Shenvi
- Department of Chemistry Scripps Research 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
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17
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Huffman BJ, Chu T, Hanaki Y, Wong JJ, Chen S, Houk KN, Shenvi RA. Stereodivergent Attached-Ring Synthesis via Non-Covalent Interactions: A Short Formal Synthesis of Merrilactone A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202114514. [PMID: 34820990 PMCID: PMC8748398 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A strategy to control the diastereoselectivity of bond formation at a prochiral attached-ring bridgehead is reported. An unusual stereodivergent Michael reaction relies on basic vs. Lewis acidic conditions and non-covalent interactions to control re- vs. si- facial selectivity en route to fully substituted attached-rings. This divergency reflects differential engagement of one rotational isomer of the attached-ring system. The successful synthesis of an erythro subtarget diastereomer ultimately leads to a short formal synthesis of merrilactone A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Huffman
- Department of Chemistry Scripps Research 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Tiffany Chu
- Department of Chemistry Scripps Research 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yusuke Hanaki
- Department of Chemistry Scripps Research 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jonathan J. Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 619 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shuming Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 119 Woodland Street, Oberlin, Ohio 44074, United States
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 619 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ryan A. Shenvi
- Department of Chemistry Scripps Research 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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18
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Wang Y, Yihuo A, Wang L, Dong S, Feng X. Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of chiral azo compounds via interrupted Japp-Klingemann reaction with aryldiazonium salts. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Li ZY, Wang W, Song JR, Wang RA, Shi J, Chi Q, Li Y, Ren H, Pan WD. Copper-Catalyzed Cyclization/Dimerization of Tryptamines with O 2/Air as the Sole Oxidant: Direct Access to Complex Bispyrrolidino[2,3- b]indoline. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17164-17172. [PMID: 34709032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The first transition metal catalytic one-step synthesis of the 3a, 3a'-bispyrrolidino [2,3-b] indoline scaffold via tandem cyclization/dimerization of tryptamines has been realized with the environmentally friendly O2/air as the sole oxidant. Different from the traditional direct oxidation of indole "N-H" group by excess amount of metal salts, a copper-catalyzed oxidative cyclization reaction is developed for the formation of the radical pyrrolidinoindoline intermediate in the current strategy. The robustness and practicality of this methodology is demonstrated by the step-economic, divergent total synthesis of natural products (±)-folicanthine and meso-folicanthine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, The Key laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Guizhou University, Huaxi Avenue South, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Jun-Rong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, The Key laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Rui-An Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, The Key laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Jun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, The Key laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Qin Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, The Key laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, The Key laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Hai Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, The Key laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Wei-Dong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, The Key laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Guiyang 550014, China.,Guizhou University, Huaxi Avenue South, Guiyang 550014, China
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20
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Oda R, Yamamoto H, Nakata K. FeCl
3
‐Catalyzed Diastereodivergent Sulfamidation of Diarylmethanol Diastereomixtures Bearing a Chiral Auxiliary Dependent on Catalyst Loading. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoga Oda
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Shimane University 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue Shimane 690-8504 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Shimane University 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue Shimane 690-8504 Japan
| | - Kenya Nakata
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Shimane University 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue Shimane 690-8504 Japan
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21
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Gartman JA, Tambar UK. Synthetic Studies of the Rubellin Natural Products: Development of a Stereoselective Strategy and Total Synthesis of (+)-Rubellin C. J Org Chem 2021; 86:11237-11262. [PMID: 34288689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript describes our studies of the class of natural products known as the rubellins, culminating in the total synthesis of (+)-rubellin C. These anthraquinone-based natural products contain a variety of stereochemical and architectural motifs, including a 6-5-6-fused ring system, 5 stereogenic centers, and a central quaternary center. Herein, we report our development of a strategy to target the stereochemically dense core and anthraquinone nucleus, including approaches such as a bifunctional allylboron and vinyl triflate reagent, an anthraquinone benzylic metalation strategy, and a late-stage anthraquinone introduction strategy. Our studies culminate in a successful route to highly functionalized anthraquinone-based natural product scaffolds and a stereoselective total synthesis of (+)-rubellin C. These strategies and outcomes will aid in synthetic planning toward anthraquinone-based natural products of high interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson A Gartman
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| | - Uttam K Tambar
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
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22
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Areal A, Domínguez M, Vendrig P, Alvarez S, Álvarez R, de Lera ÁR. Total Synthesis of Homo- and Heterodimeric Bispyrrolidinoindoline Dioxopiperazine Natural Products. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:1725-1737. [PMID: 34019401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Total synthesis and structural confirmation of homo- and heterodimeric bispyrrolidinoindoline dioxopiperazine alkaloids isolated from fungi and bacteria, namely, ditryptoleucine A, ditryptoleucine B (11), the N,N'-bis-demethylated analogue (+)-12, (-)-dibrevianamide F (13), (-)-SF-5280-451 (14), tetratryptomycin A (15), (-)-tryprophenaline (17), and (-)-SF-5280-415 (18), has been carried out starting from the corresponding bispyrrolidinoindolines derived from tryptophan. Our efforts to synthesize all possible diastereomers of the natural ditryptoleucine isolates uncovered structural factors that determine the rate and efficiency of dioxopiperazine ring formation, leading in some cases to mixtures of diastereomers by concomitant epimerization, to the formation of their putative monomeric dioxopiperazine dipeptide biogenetic precursors, and to the alternative formation of a dimer with a fused 1,3,5-triazepan-6-one heterocycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Areal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, CINBIO, and Instituto de Investigacións Biomédicas de Vigo (IBIV), Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Marta Domínguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, CINBIO, and Instituto de Investigacións Biomédicas de Vigo (IBIV), Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Pim Vendrig
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, CINBIO, and Instituto de Investigacións Biomédicas de Vigo (IBIV), Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Susana Alvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, CINBIO, and Instituto de Investigacións Biomédicas de Vigo (IBIV), Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Rosana Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, CINBIO, and Instituto de Investigacións Biomédicas de Vigo (IBIV), Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Ángel R de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, CINBIO, and Instituto de Investigacións Biomédicas de Vigo (IBIV), Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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23
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Shieh P, Hill MR, Zhang W, Kristufek SL, Johnson JA. Clip Chemistry: Diverse (Bio)(macro)molecular and Material Function through Breaking Covalent Bonds. Chem Rev 2021; 121:7059-7121. [PMID: 33823111 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the two decades since the introduction of the "click chemistry" concept, the toolbox of "click reactions" has continually expanded, enabling chemists, materials scientists, and biologists to rapidly and selectively build complexity for their applications of interest. Similarly, selective and efficient covalent bond breaking reactions have provided and will continue to provide transformative advances. Here, we review key examples and applications of efficient, selective covalent bond cleavage reactions, which we refer to herein as "clip reactions." The strategic application of clip reactions offers opportunities to tailor the compositions and structures of complex (bio)(macro)molecular systems with exquisite control. Working in concert, click chemistry and clip chemistry offer scientists and engineers powerful methods to address next-generation challenges across the chemical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton Shieh
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Megan R Hill
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Wenxu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Samantha L Kristufek
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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24
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Ota K, Nagao K, Ohmiya H. Synthesis of Sterically Hindered α-Hydroxycarbonyls through Radical-Radical Coupling. Org Lett 2021; 23:4420-4425. [PMID: 33988371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We describe a synthetic approach to sterically hindered α-hydroxy carbonyl compounds through radical-radical coupling. An organic photoredox catalysis reaction converts an aliphatic carboxylic acid and α-ketocarbonyl to a transient alkyl radical and a persistent ketyl radical, respectively, which couple selectively based on the persistent radical effect. This protocol allows the use of primary, secondary, and tertiary aliphatic carboxylic acids to introduce various alkyl substituents onto ketone moieties of α-ketocarbonyls under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Ota
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nagao
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Ohmiya
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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25
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Xie T, Sui QB, Qin LZ, Wen X, Sun H, Xu QL, Zhen L. Cu-Catalyzed Dimerization of Indole Derived Oxime Acetate for Synthesis of Biimidazo[1,2- a]indoles. J Org Chem 2021; 86:5518-5529. [PMID: 33779172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A copper-mediated cyclization and dimerization of indole derived oxime acetate was developed to generate a series of biimidazo[1,2-a]indole scaffolds with two contiguous stereogenic quaternary carbons in one step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi-Bang Sui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lu-Zhe Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoan Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hongbin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qing-Long Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Le Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
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26
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Abstract
Retrosynthetic analysis emerged in the 1960s as a teaching tool with profound implications. Its educational value can be appreciated by a glance at total synthesis manuscripts over 50 years later, most of which contain a retrosynthesis on page one. Its vision extended to computer language-a pioneering idea in the 20th century that continues to expand the frontiers today. The same principles that guide a student to evaluate, expand, and refine a series of bond dissections can be programmed, so that computer assistance can perform the same tasks but at faster speeds.The slow step in the synthesis of complex structures, however, is seldom route design. Compression of molecular information into close proximity (Cm/Å3) requires exploration and empiricism, a close connection between theory and experiment. Here, retrosynthetic analysis guides the choice of experiment, so that the most simplifying-but often least assured-disconnection is prioritized: a high-risk, high reward strategy. The reimagining of total synthesis in a future era of retrosynthetic software may involve, counterintuitively, target design, as discussed here.Compared to the 1960s, retrosynthetic analysis in the 21st century finds itself among computers of unimaginable power and a biology that is increasingly molecular. Put together, the logic of retrosynthesis, the insight of structural biology, and the predictions of computation have inspired us to imagine an integration of the three. The synthetic target is treated as dynamic-a constellation of related structures-in order to find the nearest congener with the closest affinity but the shortest synthetic route. Such an approach merges synthetic design with structural design toward the goal of improved access for improved function.In this Account, we detail the evolution of our program from its inception in traditional natural product (NP) total synthesis to its current expression through the lens of chemical informatics: a view of NPs as aggregates of molecular parameters that define single points in a chemical space. Early work on synthesis and biological annotation of apparent metal pool binders and nonselective covalent electrophiles (asmarine alkaloids, isocyanoterpenes, Nuphar dimers) gave way to NPs with well-defined protein targets. The plant metabolite salvinorin A (SalA) potently and selectively agonizes the κ-opioid receptor (KOR), rapidly penetrates the brain, and represents an important lead for next-generation analgesics and antipruritics. To synthesize and diversify this lead, we adopted what we now call a dynamic approach. Deletion of a central methyl group stabilized the SalA scaffold, opened quick synthetic access, and retained high potency and selectivity. The generality of this idea was then tested against another neuroactive class. As an alternative hypothesis to TrkB channels, we proposed that the so-called "neurotrophic" Illicium terpenes may bind to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-gated ion channels to cause weak, chronic excitation. Syntheses of (-)-jiadifenolide, 3,6-dideoxy-10-hydroxypseudoanisatin, (-)-11-O-debenzoyltashironin, (-)-bilobalide, and (-)-picrotoxinin (PXN) allowed this hypothesis to be probed more broadly. Feedback from protein structure and synthetic reconnaissance led to a dynamic retrosynthesis of PXN and the identification of 5MePXN, a moderate GABAAR antagonist with greater aqueous stability available in eight steps from dimethylcarvone. We expect this dynamic approach to synthetic target analysis to become more feasible in the coming years and hope the next generation of scientists finds this approach helpful to address problems at the frontier of chemistry and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stone Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Lines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ryan A Shenvi
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Lines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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27
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Tang S, Vincent G. Natural Products Originated from the Oxidative Coupling of Tyrosine and Tryptophan: Biosynthesis and Bioinspired Synthesis. Chemistry 2021; 27:2612-2622. [PMID: 32820845 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative coupling of tyrosine and tryptophan units is a pivotal step in the total synthesis of some peptide-derived marine and terrestrial natural products, such as the diazonamides, azonazine and tryptorubin A. This Minireview details the biosynthesis and bioinspired synthesis of natural products with such structures. A special focus is put on the challenges of the synthesis of these natural products and the innovative solutions adopted by synthetic chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanyu Tang
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Guillaume Vincent
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
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28
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Tomanik M, Hsu IT, Herzon SB. Fragment Coupling Reactions in Total Synthesis That Form Carbon-Carbon Bonds via Carbanionic or Free Radical Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:1116-1150. [PMID: 31869476 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fragment coupling reactions that form carbon-carbon bonds are valuable transformations in synthetic design. Advances in metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions in the early 2000s brought a high level of predictability and reliability to carbon-carbon bond constructions involving the union of unsaturated fragments. By comparison, recent years have witnessed an increase in fragment couplings proceeding via carbanionic and open-shell (free radical) intermediates. The latter has been driven by advances in methods to generate and utilize carbon-centered radicals under mild conditions. In this Review, we survey a selection of recent syntheses that have implemented carbanion- or radical-based fragment couplings to form carbon-carbon bonds. We aim to highlight the strategic value of these disconnections in their respective settings and to identify extensible lessons from each example that might be instructive to students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tomanik
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ian Tingyung Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Seth B Herzon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT, USA
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29
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Tomanik M, Hsu IT, Herzon SB. Fragmentverknüpfungen in der Totalsynthese – Bildung von C‐C‐Bindungen über intermediäre Carbanionen oder freie Radikale. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tomanik
- Department of Chemistry Yale University 225 Prospect St New Haven CT USA
| | - Ian Tingyung Hsu
- Department of Chemistry Yale University 225 Prospect St New Haven CT USA
| | - Seth B. Herzon
- Department of Chemistry Yale University 225 Prospect St New Haven CT USA
- Department of Pharmacology Yale University 333 Cedar St New Haven CT USA
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30
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Oda R, Nakata K. Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Nucleophilic Substitutions of Benzylic Alcohols with Sulfamides. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoga Oda
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Shimane University 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue Shimane 690-8504 Japan
| | - Kenya Nakata
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Shimane University 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue Shimane 690-8504 Japan
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31
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Nwachukwu CI, McFadden TP, Roberts AG. Ni-Catalyzed Iterative Alkyl Transfer from Nitrogen Enabled by the In Situ Methylation of Tertiary Amines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9979-9992. [PMID: 32668901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Current methods to achieve transition-metal-catalyzed alkyl carbon-nitrogen (C-N) bond cleavage require the preformation of ammonium, pyridinium, or sulfonamide derivatives from the corresponding alkyl amines. These activated substrates permit C-N bond cleavage, and their resultant intermediates can be intercepted to affect carbon-carbon bond-forming transforms. Here, we report the combination of in situ amine methylation and Ni-catalyzed benzalkyl C-N bond cleavage under reductive conditions. This method permits iterative alkyl group transfer from tertiary amines and demonstrates a deaminative strategy for the construction of Csp3-Csp3 bonds. We demonstrate PO(OMe)3 (trimethylphosphate) to be a Ni-compatible methylation reagent for the in situ conversion of trialkyl amines into tetraalkylammonium salts. Single, double, and triple benzalkyl group transfers can all be achieved from the appropriately substituted tertiary amines. Transformations developed herein proceed via recurring events: the in situ methylation of tertiary amines by PO(OMe)3, Ni-catalyzed C-N bond cleavage, and concurrent Csp3-Csp3 bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chideraa Iheanyi Nwachukwu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Timothy Patrick McFadden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Andrew George Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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32
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Dotson JJ, Bachman JL, Garcia-Garibay MA, Garg NK. Discovery and Total Synthesis of a Bis(cyclotryptamine) Alkaloid Bearing the Elusive Piperidinoindoline Scaffold. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11685-11690. [PMID: 32520547 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bis(cyclotryptamine) alkaloids have been popular topics of study for many decades. Five possible scaffolds for bis(cyclotryptamine) alkaloids were originally postulated in the 1950s, but only four of these scaffolds have been observed in natural products to date. We describe synthetic access to the elusive fifth scaffold, the piperidinoindoline, through syntheses of compounds now termed "dihydropsychotriadine" and "psychotriadine". The latter of these compounds was subsequently identified in extracts of the flower Psychotria colorata. Our synthetic route features a stereospecific solid-state photodecarbonylation reaction to introduce the key vicinal quaternary stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan J Dotson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - J Logan Bachman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Miguel A Garcia-Garibay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Neil K Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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33
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Chen M, Wang X, Yang P, Kou X, Ren Z, Guan Z. Palladium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Heck Carbonylation with a Monodentate Phosphoramidite Ligand: Asymmetric Synthesis of (+)‐Physostigmine, (+)‐Physovenine, and (+)‐Folicanthine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry & Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Xucai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry & Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry & Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Xun Kou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry & Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Hui Ren
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry & Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Zheng‐Hui Guan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry & Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
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34
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Chen M, Wang X, Yang P, Kou X, Ren ZH, Guan ZH. Palladium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Heck Carbonylation with a Monodentate Phosphoramidite Ligand: Asymmetric Synthesis of (+)-Physostigmine, (+)-Physovenine, and (+)-Folicanthine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12199-12205. [PMID: 32239787 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is the development of the first enantioselective monodentate ligand assisted Pd-catalyzed domino Heck carbonylation reaction with CO. The highly enantioselective domino Heck carbonylation of N-aryl acrylamides and various nucleophiles, including arylboronic acids, anilines, and alcohols, in the presence of CO was achieved. A novel monodentate phosphoramidite ligand, Xida-Phos, has been developed for this reaction and it displays excellent reactivity and enantioselectivity. The reaction employs readily available starting materials, tolerates a wide range of functional groups, and provides straightforward access to a diverse array of enantioenriched oxindoles having β-carbonyl-substituted all-carbon quaternary stereocenters, thus providing a facile and complementary method for the asymmetric synthesis of bioactive hexahydropyrroloindole and its dimeric alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Xucai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Xun Kou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hui Ren
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Hui Guan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
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35
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Simons RT, Scott GE, Kanegusuku AG, Roizen JL. Photochemically Mediated Nickel-Catalyzed Synthesis of N-(Hetero)aryl Sulfamides. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6380-6391. [PMID: 32312047 PMCID: PMC7241444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A general method for the N-arylation of sulfamides with aryl bromides is described. The protocol leverages a dual-catalytic system, with [Ir(ppy)2(dtbbpy)]PF6 as a photosensitizer, NiBr2·glyme as a precatalyst, and 1,8-diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene (DBU) as a base, and proceeds at room temperature under visible light irradiation. Using these tactics, aryl boronic esters and aryl chlorides can be carried through the reaction untouched. The developed reactions efficiently engage simple bromoarenes and primary sulfamides in between 66% and quantitative yields. For more challenging substrates, such as secondary sulfamides, the reaction efficiency is documented. Thereby, these methods complement the known Buchwald-Hartwig coupling methods for N-arylation of sulfamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Thomas Simons
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0354, United States
| | - Georgia E Scott
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0354, United States
| | - Anastasia Gant Kanegusuku
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0354, United States
| | - Jennifer L Roizen
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0354, United States
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36
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Angnes RA, Potnis C, Liang S, Correia CRD, Hammond GB. Photoredox-Catalyzed Synthesis of Alkylaryldiazenes: Formal Deformylative C-N Bond Formation with Alkyl Radicals. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4153-4164. [PMID: 32056435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Diazenes are valuable compounds that have found broad applicability because of their optical and biological properties. We report the synthesis of alkylaryldiazenes via formal, photoredox-catalyzed, deformylative C-N bond formation. The procedure employs dihydropyridines for the generation of alkyl radicals, which are then trapped by diazonium salts and reduced to the corresponding diazenes. Control experiments were performed to confirm the involvement of radicals in the mechanism. The reaction can be carried out at room temperature and employs readily available reagents; the mild conditions allowed the use of highly functionalized substrates. There was no observed tautomerization of the diazenes to the corresponding arylhydrazones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A Angnes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States.,Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, C.P. 6154, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chinmay Potnis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Shengzong Liang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Carlos Roque D Correia
- Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, C.P. 6154, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gerald B Hammond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
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37
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Pound SM, Underwood SJ, Douglas CJ. Studies towards the total synthesis of drimentine C. Preparation of the AB and CDEF ring fragments. European J Org Chem 2020; 2020:2448-2453. [PMID: 33071626 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The drimentine family is a class of hybrid isoprenoids derived from actinomycete bacteria. Members of this family display weak antitumor and antibacterial activity. Herein we report our efforts toward the total synthesis of drimentine C using three distinct approaches incorporating palladium-catalyzed cyanoamidation, reductive cross-coupling, and photoredox-catalyzed α-alkylation of an aldehyde as key steps. Our synthetic efforts use a convergent synthesis to assemble the terpenoid and alkaloid portions of drimentine C from readily available l-tryptophan, l-proline, and (+)-sclareolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Pound
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Smith Hall, 207 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Steven J Underwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Smith Hall, 207 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Christopher J Douglas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Smith Hall, 207 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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38
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Huffman BJ, Chen S, Schwarz JL, Plata RE, Chin EN, Lairson LL, Houk KN, Shenvi RA. Electronic complementarity permits hindered butenolide heterodimerization and discovery of novel cGAS/STING pathway antagonists. Nat Chem 2020; 12:310-317. [PMID: 32042135 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-019-0413-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
sp3-hybridized attached-rings are common motifs in secondary metabolites and represent tetrahedral equivalents to the biaryl substructures that overpopulate synthetic libraries. Few methods are available that can link fully substituted carbon atoms of two rings with stereocontrol. Here we have developed a stereoselective, heteroselective butenolide coupling that exhibits an unusually fast rate of C-C bond formation driven by exquisite complementarity of the reacting π systems. Heterodimerization generates a compound collection with topological complexity and diverse principal moments of inertia. The special status of the sp3-sp3 attached-ring motif is demonstrated in a high-throughput screen for inhibitors of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase/stimulator of interferon genes pathway, which recruited these butenolide heterodimers from a field of 250,000 compounds. The driving forces underlying this general attached-ring coupling identify a novel paradigm for the accession of wider natural product chemical space, accelerating the discovery of selective lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuming Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Luca Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - R Erik Plata
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emily N Chin
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Luke L Lairson
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Ryan A Shenvi
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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39
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Roy A, Maity A, Giri R, Bisai A. Efficient Alkynylation of 2‐Oxindoles with Alkynyl Dibenzothiophenium Triflates: Total Synthesis of (±)‐Deoxyeseroline. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Avishek Roy
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Arindam Maity
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Rahul Giri
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Alakesh Bisai
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 Madhya Pradesh India
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur, Haringhata Kalyani, Nadia 741 246 West Bengal India
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40
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Pryyma A, Bu YJ, Wai Y, Patrick BO, Perrin DM. Synthesis and Activation of Bench-Stable 3a-Fluoropyrroloindolines as Latent Electrophiles for the Synthesis of C-2-Thiol-Substituted Tryptophans and C-3a-Substituted Pyrroloindolines. Org Lett 2019; 21:8234-8238. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alla Pryyma
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2016 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T-1Z1, Canada
| | - Yong Jia Bu
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2016 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T-1Z1, Canada
| | - Yonnie Wai
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2016 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T-1Z1, Canada
| | - Brian O. Patrick
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2016 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T-1Z1, Canada
| | - David M. Perrin
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2016 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T-1Z1, Canada
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41
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Pompeo M, Cheah JH, Movassaghi M. Total Synthesis and Anti-Cancer Activity of All Known Communesin Alkaloids and Related Derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14411-14420. [PMID: 31422662 PMCID: PMC6743222 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A unified enantioselective total synthesis and anticancer evaluation of all known epoxide-containing communesin alkaloids and related derivatives is described. Our synthesis is predicated on the convergent and modular diazene-directed assembly of two complex fragments to secure the critical C3a-C3a' linkage followed by a guided biomimetic aminal reorganization to deliver the heptacyclic core of these alkaloids. Concise enantioselective syntheses of the fragments were devised, with highlights including the application of a rationally designed sulfinamide chiral auxiliary, an efficient calcium trifluoromethanesulfonate promoted intramolecular amination, and a diastereoselective epoxidation that simultaneously converts the new chiral auxiliary to a versatile amine protective group. The modularity of our convergent approach enabled the rapid synthesis of all epoxide-containing members of the communesin family from a single heterodimeric intermediate, including the first total synthesis of communesins C-E, and G-I, and facilitated our stereochemical revision of (-)-communesin I, the most recently isolated communesin alkaloid. Furthermore, the generality of our biogenetically inspired heterodimer rearrangement was demonstrated in a guided synthesis of a communesin derivative with an unnatural topology. Finally, we report the first comparative analysis of the anticancer activities of all naturally occurring communesin alkaloids A-I and eight complex derivatives against five human cancer cell lines. From these data, we have identified (-)-communesin B as the most potent natural communesin and discovered that derivatives with N8'-sulfonamide substitution exhibit up to a 10-fold increase in potency over the natural alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew
M. Pompeo
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jaime H. Cheah
- The
Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mohammad Movassaghi
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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42
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Efficient synthesis of unsymmetrical sulfamides from sulfamic acid salts by activation with triphenylphosphine ditriflate. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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43
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Wada M, Suzuki H, Kato M, Oikawa H, Tsubouchi A, Oguri H. Stereodivergent Synthesis of Bispyrrolidinoindoline Alkaloidal Scaffolds and Generation of a Lead Candidate with Stereospecific Antiproliferative Activity. Chembiochem 2019; 20:1273-1281. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Wada
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Hokkaido University Kita-ku Kita 10 Jo Nishi 8 Chome Sapporo 060–0810 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Experimental Pathology Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences and Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba 305–8575 Japan
| | - Mitsuyasu Kato
- Department of Experimental Pathology Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences and Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba 305–8575 Japan
| | - Hideaki Oikawa
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Hokkaido University Kita-ku Kita 10 Jo Nishi 8 Chome Sapporo 060–0810 Japan
| | - Akira Tsubouchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 2–24-16 Nakacho Koganei Tokyo 184–8588 Japan
| | - Hiroki Oguri
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 2–24-16 Nakacho Koganei Tokyo 184–8588 Japan
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44
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Sengupta S, Chandrasekaran S. Modifications of amino acids using arenediazonium salts. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8308-8329. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01471c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aryl transfer reactions from arenediazonium salts have started to make their impact in chemical biology with initial forays in the arena of arylative modifications and bio-conjugations of amino acids, peptides and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumitra Sengupta
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore
- India
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45
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Wang MZ, Si TX, Ku CF, Zhang HJ, Li ZM, Chan ASC. Synthesis of Javanicunines A and B, 9-Deoxy-PF1233s A and B, and Absolute Configuration Establishment of Javanicunine B. J Org Chem 2018; 84:831-839. [PMID: 30562032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Javanicunines A-B and 9-deoxy-PF1233s A-B belong to a family of natural diketomorpholines with a unique isopropenyl group at C-10b or C-5a and a hydroxyl group at C-11a or C-10b. We herein reported the first total synthesis of javanicunines A-B and 9-deoxy-PF1233s A-B. Pivotal features of the synthesis included a nucleophilic substitution reaction, followed by a Davis' oxaziridine oxidation to assemble javanicunines A-B, and a chemoselective and stereoselective oxidation with Murray's reagent to install the requisite C-10b hydroxyl group in 9-deoxy-PF1233s A-B. The present synthesis also established the absolute configuration of javanicunine B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China.,School of Chinese Medicine , Hong Kong Baptist University , 7 Baptist University Road , Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong SAR , People's Republic of China
| | - Tong-Xu Si
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chuen-Fai Ku
- School of Chinese Medicine , Hong Kong Baptist University , 7 Baptist University Road , Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong SAR , People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Jie Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine , Hong Kong Baptist University , 7 Baptist University Road , Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong SAR , People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Albert S C Chan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
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46
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Abrams DJ, Provencher PA, Sorensen EJ. Recent applications of C-H functionalization in complex natural product synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:8925-8967. [PMID: 30426998 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00716k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 375] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this review, recent examples featuring C-H functionalization in the synthesis of complex natural products are discussed. A focus is given to the way in which C-H functionalization can influence the logical process of retrosynthesis, and the review is organized by the type and method of C-H functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J Abrams
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
| | | | - Erik J Sorensen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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47
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Babu KN, Roy A, Singh M, Bisai A. Thiourea-Catalyzed Enantioselective Malonate Addition onto 3-Sulfonyl-3'-indolyl-2-oxindoles: Formal Total Syntheses of (-)-Chimonanthine, (-)-Folicanthine, and (+)-Calycanthine. Org Lett 2018; 20:6327-6331. [PMID: 30299963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A general approach to bispyrroloindolines via a key thiourea-catalyzed addition of malonates to 3-sulfonyl-3'-indolyl-2-oxindoles is reported. The enantioselelective process is found to be highly effective (up to 94% ee), where a C-C bond formation leads to the synthesis of a number of 2-oxindoles with an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Naresh Babu
- Department of Chemistry , IISER Bhopal , Bhopal Bypass Road , Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066 , Madhya Pradesh , India
| | - Avishek Roy
- Department of Chemistry , IISER Bhopal , Bhopal Bypass Road , Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066 , Madhya Pradesh , India
| | - Manvendra Singh
- Department of Chemistry , IISER Bhopal , Bhopal Bypass Road , Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066 , Madhya Pradesh , India
| | - Alakesh Bisai
- Department of Chemistry , IISER Bhopal , Bhopal Bypass Road , Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066 , Madhya Pradesh , India
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48
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Chen SK, Ma WQ, Yan ZB, Zhang FM, Wang SH, Tu YQ, Zhang XM, Tian JM. Organo-Cation Catalyzed Asymmetric Homo/Heterodialkylation of Bisoxindoles: Construction of Vicinal All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters and Total Synthesis of (−)-Chimonanthidine. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10099-10103. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Kai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Qiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Bo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Miao Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
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49
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Babu KN, Kinthada LK, Pratim Das P, Bisai A. Cu(ii)- tBu-PHOX catalyzed enantioselective malonate addition onto 3-hydroxy 2-oxindoles: application in the synthesis of dimeric pyrroloindoline alkaloids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:7963-7966. [PMID: 29956704 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04338h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient Cu(ii)-PHOX-catalyzed malonate addition onto 3-hydroxy 3-indolyl-2-oxindoles is envisioned to afford excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee) in high chemical yields. Detailed characterization techniques including X-ray, NMR, CV and EPR experiments suggest that a Cu(ii)-complex is involved as an active species in this process. Applying this strategy, an advanced intermediate of cyclotryptamine alkaloids has been synthesized in few steps for a general approach to bis-cyclotryptamine alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Naresh Babu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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50
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Tayu M, Higuchi K, Kawasaki T. Functionalizations of Indoles by Intermolecular Interrupted Pummerer Reaction. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2018. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.76.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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