1
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Sun Y, Jiang L, Zhang Z, Xu N, Jiang Y, Tan C. Conjugated Polyelectrolyte/Single Strand DNA Hybrid Polyplexes for Efficient Nucleic Acid Delivery and Targeted Protein Degradation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 38108633 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapeutics have gained increasing attention due to their ability to regulate various genetic disorders. However, the safe and effective delivery of nucleic acids to their intended cellular sites remains a challenge, primarily due to poor cell membrane permeation and low in vivo stability. Limitations associated with the commonly used nucleic acid delivering agent viral vectors such as carcinogenesis and immunogenicity have driven scientists to develop various nonviral vectors. In this study, we present a highly efficient nucleic acid delivery system based on cationic conjugated polyelectrolytes and single-strand DNA polyplexes with further application in efficient ubiquitin-regulated targeting protein degradation. These polyplexes, formed by 9TC, an aptamer sequence for estrogen receptor (ERα), and cationic PPET3N2 through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, demonstrate improved cellular uptake efficiency as well as enhanced stability against nuclease degradation. Furthermore, by incorporation of 9TC into a proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) molecule (P9TC), PPET3N2/P9TC polyplexes significantly enhance the target protein ERα degradation efficiency. Collectively, our findings suggest that PPET3N2 provides a versatile, low cytotoxicity platform for safe, efficient, and simplified delivery of nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Jiang
- State Assets Management Office, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Naihan Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyang Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Tan
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
- Open FIESTA, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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2
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The effective adsorption of arsenic from polluted water using modified Halloysite nanoclay. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
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3
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Balzade Z, Sharif F, Ghaffarian Anbaran SR. Tailor-Made Functional Polyolefins of Complex Architectures: Recent Advances, Applications, and Prospects. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Balzade
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 158754413, Iran
| | - Farhad Sharif
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 158754413, Iran
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4
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Wang S, Jagadesan P, Sun H, Hu R, Li Z, Huang Y, Liu L, Wang S, Younus M, Schanze KS. Fluorescence Imaging of Mammalian Cells with Cationic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32611-7200 USA
| | - Pradeepkumar Jagadesan
- Department of Chemistry University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA San Antonio TX, 78249 USA
| | - Han Sun
- Department of Chemistry University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA San Antonio TX, 78249 USA
| | - Rong Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Zhiliang Li
- Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32611-7200 USA
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32611-7200 USA
| | - Libing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Younus
- Department of Chemistry University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA San Antonio TX, 78249 USA
| | - Kirk S. Schanze
- Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32611-7200 USA
- Department of Chemistry University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA San Antonio TX, 78249 USA
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5
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Shen Y, Huang Y, Zhang P, Guo B, Jiang H, Tan C, Jiang Y. Fluorescence Sensor Array for Discrimination of Urine Proteins and Differentiation Diagnosis of Urinary System Diseases. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:5639-5643. [PMID: 35021795 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yishun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Open FIESTA, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yuanfang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Open FIESTA, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Pangmiaomiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Baochun Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Hongtao Jiang
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Medical Engineering and Technology Center of Minimally Invasive Urology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Chunyan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Open FIESTA, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yuyang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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6
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Magdalena Estirado E, Aleman Garcia MA, Schill J, Brunsveld L. Multivalent Ultrasensitive Interfacing of Supramolecular 1D Nanoplatforms. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:18030-18037. [PMID: 31622094 PMCID: PMC6856958 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Multivalent display on linear platforms is used by many biomolecular systems to effectively interact with their corresponding binding partners in a dose-responsive and ultrasensitive manner appropriate to the biological system at hand. Synthetic supramolecular multivalent displays offer a matching approach for the modular and bottom-up construction and systematic study of dynamic 1D materials. Fundamental studies into multivalent interactions between such linear, 1D materials have been lacking because of the absence of appropriate modular nanoplatforms. In this work we interfaced two synthetic multivalent linear nanoplatforms based on a dynamic supramolecular polymer, formed by hybrid discotic-oligonucleotide monomers, and a series of complementary DNA-duplex-based multivalent ligands, also with appended short oligonucleotides. The combination of these two multivalent nanoplatforms provides for the first time entry to study multivalent effects in dynamic 1D systems, of relevance for the conceptual understanding of multivalency in biology and for the generation of novel multivalent biomaterials. Together the two nanoscaffolds provide easy access to libraries of multivalent ligands with tunable affinities. The DNA scaffold allows for exact control over valency and spatial ligand distribution, and the discotic supramolecular polymer allows for dynamic adaptation and control over receptor density. The interaction between the two nanoplatforms was studied as a function of ligand interaction strength, valency, and density. Usage of the enhancement parameter β allowed quantification of the effects of ligand valency and affinity. The results reveal a generalized principle of additive binding increments. Receptor density is shown to be crucially and nonlinearly correlated to complex formation, leading to ultrasensitive responses. The results reveal that, not unlike biomolecular signaling, high density multivalent display of receptors is crucial for functionally increased affinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Magdalena Estirado
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2 , 5612 AZ Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Miguel Angel Aleman Garcia
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2 , 5612 AZ Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen Schill
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2 , 5612 AZ Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2 , 5612 AZ Eindhoven , The Netherlands
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7
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Jagadesan P, Schanze KS. Poly(phenylene ethynylene) Conjugated Polyelectrolytes Synthesized via Chain-Growth Polymerization. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pradeepkumar Jagadesan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Kirk S. Schanze
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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8
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Zeglio E, Rutz AL, Winkler TE, Malliaras GG, Herland A. Conjugated Polymers for Assessing and Controlling Biological Functions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806712. [PMID: 30861237 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The field of organic bioelectronics is advancing rapidly in the development of materials and devices to precisely monitor and control biological signals. Electronics and biology can interact on multiple levels: organs, complex tissues, cells, cell membranes, proteins, and even small molecules. Compared to traditional electronic materials such as metals and inorganic semiconductors, conjugated polymers (CPs) have several key advantages for biological interactions: tunable physiochemical properties, adjustable form factors, and mixed conductivity (ionic and electronic). Herein, the use of CPs in five biologically oriented research topics, electrophysiology, tissue engineering, drug release, biosensing, and molecular bioelectronics, is discussed. In electrophysiology, implantable devices with CP coating or CP-only electrodes are showing improvements in signal performance and tissue interfaces. CP-based scaffolds supply highly favorable static or even dynamic interfaces for tissue engineering. CPs also enable delivery of drugs through a variety of mechanisms and form factors. For biosensing, CPs offer new possibilities to incorporate biological sensing elements in a conducting matrix. Molecular bioelectronics is today used to incorporate (opto)electronic functions in living tissue. Under each topic, the limits of the utility of CPs are discussed and, overall, the major challenges toward implementation of CPs and their devices to real-world applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Zeglio
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Department of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexandra L Rutz
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave., Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Thomas E Winkler
- Department of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - George G Malliaras
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave., Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Anna Herland
- Department of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
- Swedish Medical Nanoscience Center, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Wang B, Queenan BN, Wang S, Nilsson KPR, Bazan GC. Precisely Defined Conjugated Oligoelectrolytes for Biosensing and Therapeutics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806701. [PMID: 30698856 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated oligoelectrolytes (COEs) are a relatively new class of synthetic organic molecules with, as of yet, untapped potential for use in organic optoelectronic devices and bioelectronic systems. COEs also offer a novel molecular approach to biosensing, bioimaging, and disease therapy. Substantial progress has been made in the past decade at the intersection of chemistry, materials science, and the biological sciences developing COEs and their polymer analogues, namely, conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs), into synthetic systems with biological and biomedical utility. CPEs have traditionally attracted more attention in arenas of sensing, imaging, and therapy. However, the precisely defined molecular structures and interactions of COEs offer potential key advantages over CPEs, including higher reliability and fluorescence quantum efficiency, larger diversity of subcellular targeting strategies, and improved selectivity to biomolecules. Here, the unique-and sometimes overlooked-properties of COEs are discussed and the noticeable progress in their use for biological sensing, imaging, and therapy is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Bridget N Queenan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - K Peter R Nilsson
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, SE, -581 83, Sweden
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
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10
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Wang X, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Sun J, Cao L, Ji J, Feng F. Facile crosslinking of polythiophenes by polyethylenimine via ester aminolysis for selective Cu(II) detection in water. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 109:255-262. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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11
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Selective biocompatibility and responsive imaging property of cationic conjugated polyelectrolyte to cancer cells. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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12
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Zhou L, Lv F, Liu L, Wang S. Polarity Conversion of Conjugated Polymer for Lysosome Escaping. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:27427-27432. [PMID: 28786654 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polymers are mostly trapped in lysosomes when they enter cells and are then expelled, otherwise they were designed to be degradable to small molecules or to sabotage lysosomes. Therefore, they have reached the limit of the unique functionalities as a whole. Different from other escaping strategies, we introduced the polarity exchanging approach to rigid-backboned conjugated polymer for controlled penetrating through endosome or lysosome membranes. With the aid of pH-sensitive cleavage of water-soluble side chain, the rigid conjugated polymer turns highly hydrophobic after it is internalized into lysosomes and then accomplishes escaping. Thus, polarity exchange of CPs could become a new strategy for their application on chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100910, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fengting Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100910, P. R. China
| | - Libing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100910, P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100910, P. R. China
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13
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Wei S, Jia K, Shou H, Zhou X, Wang P, Liu X. CTAB induced emission from water soluble polyarylene ether nitrile carboxylate and selective sensing of Fe (III) ions. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Zhang P, Li S, Chen H, Wang X, Liu L, Lv F, Wang S. Biofilm Inhibition and Elimination Regulated by Cationic Conjugated Polymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:16933-16938. [PMID: 28480700 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate that water-soluble conjugated polymers (PFP) have the ability to inhibit biofilm formation and eradicate mature established biofilm using reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by PFP under white light irradiation. Upon addition of PFP to planktonic Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), electrostatic interactions bring cationic PFP to the surface of S. aureus, which possesses negative charges. As the amount of PFP coated on S. aureus becomes saturated, the interactions of bacteria to bacteria and bacteria to surface may be disrupted, resulting in reduced biofilm formation. After the biofilm matures, those PFP on the surface of the biofilm can generate ROS under white light irradiation, which has the ability to inactivate bacteria nearby. Once the biofilm is broken, PFP can penetrate throughthe biofilm and continuously generate ROS under irradiation, resulting in biofilm disruption. As a consequence, this makes conjugated polymers a very promising material for the disruption of biofilm in biomedical and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, nstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shengliang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, nstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, nstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, nstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Libing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, nstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Fengting Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, nstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, nstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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15
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Öberg E, Appelqvist H, Nilsson KPR. Non-fused Phospholes as Fluorescent Probes for Imaging of Lipid Droplets in Living Cells. Front Chem 2017; 5:28. [PMID: 28487854 PMCID: PMC5403830 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular tools for fluorescent imaging of specific compartments in cells are essential for understanding the function and activity of cells. Here, we report the synthesis of a series of pyridyl- and thienyl-substituted phospholes and the evaluation of these dyes for fluorescent imaging of cells. The thienyl-substituted phospholes proved to be successful for staining of cultured normal and malignant cells due to their fluorescent properties and low toxicity. Co-staining experiments demonstrated that these probes target lipid droplets, which are, lipid-storage organelles found in the cytosol of nearly all cell types. Our findings confirm that thienyl-substituted phospholes can be utilized as fluorescent tools for vital staining of cells, and we foresee that these fluorescent dyes might be used in studies to unravel the roles that lipid droplets play in cellular physiology and in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Öberg
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping UniversityLinköping, Sweden
| | - Hanna Appelqvist
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping UniversityLinköping, Sweden
| | - K Peter R Nilsson
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping UniversityLinköping, Sweden
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16
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Hefni HHH, Nagy M, Azab MM, Hussein MHM. Esterification of chitosan with L-alanine and a study on their effect in removing the heavy metals and total organic carbon (TOC) from wastewater. PURE APPL CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2016-0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn this work, chitosan was modified by the esterification with L-alanine in the presence of H2SO4 as a catalyst to increase the number of amino groups with the aim of increasing the adsorption efficiency. Chitosan (CS) and chitosan-O-alanine (CS-Aln) were characterized and investigated by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results obtained from elemental analysis and IR indicated the presence of sulfuric acid after neutralization as a crosslinker between CS-Aln chains. Also CS-Aln is more amorphous than CS due to the ionic bonds of crosslinker. The removal of three heavy metals (Mn2+, Pb2+ and Al3+) and total organic carbon (TOC) from wastewater by CS and CS-Aln in the batch mode has been studied at different adsorbent dosages, temperatures and contact times. The maximum metal ions removal efficiency using CS achieved 99.6%, 99.1% and 98.9%, respectively, while by using CS-Aln 95.3%, 99.3% and 98.9% were achieved. However, the maximum adsorption capacity of TOC by CS achieved 50 mg/g and 89 mg/g by CS-Aln. The total maximum adsorption capacity of CS-Aln is higher than CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan H. H. Hefni
- 1Polymers Laboratory, Petrochemicals Department, Egyptian petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Nagy
- 2Holding Company for water and wastewater in Menoufia, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M. Azab
- 3Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Banha University, Banha City, Egypt
| | - Mohammed H. M. Hussein
- 1Polymers Laboratory, Petrochemicals Department, Egyptian petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Cairo, Egypt
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17
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Wasin T, Enomoto K, Sakurai T, Padalkar VS, Cheng HL, Tang MT, Horio A, Sakamaki D, Omichi M, Saeki A, Kikuchi K, Hori Y, Chiba A, Saito Y, Kamiya T, Sugimoto M, Seki S. Fabrication of “Clickable” Polyfluorene Nanowires with High Aspect Ratio as Biological Sensing Platforms. ACS Sens 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuchinda Wasin
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- International
College, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Enomoto
- International
College, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Tsuneaki Sakurai
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Vikas S. Padalkar
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hoi Lok Cheng
- International
College, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Michael T. Tang
- International
College, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Akifumi Horio
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakamaki
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masaaki Omichi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kikuchi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hori
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsuya Chiba
- Quantum
Beam Science
Research Directorate (QuBS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological
Science and Technology (QST), 1233,
Watanuki-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
| | - Yuichi Saito
- Quantum
Beam Science
Research Directorate (QuBS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological
Science and Technology (QST), 1233,
Watanuki-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
| | - Tomihiro Kamiya
- Quantum
Beam Science
Research Directorate (QuBS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological
Science and Technology (QST), 1233,
Watanuki-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
| | - Masaki Sugimoto
- Quantum
Beam Science
Research Directorate (QuBS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological
Science and Technology (QST), 1233,
Watanuki-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- International
College, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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18
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Sun M, Sun B, Liu Y, Shen QD, Jiang S. Dual-Color Fluorescence Imaging of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Live Cancer Cells Using Conjugated Polymer Probes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22368. [PMID: 26931282 PMCID: PMC4774269 DOI: 10.1038/srep22368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid growth in biological applications of nanomaterials brings about pressing needs for exploring nanomaterial-cell interactions. Cationic blue-emissive and anionic green-emissive conjugated polymers are applied as dual-color fluorescence probes to the surface of negatively charged magnetic nanoparticles through sequentially electrostatic adsorption. These conjugated polymers have large extinction coefficients and high fluorescence quantum yield (82% for PFN and 62% for ThPFS). Thereby, one can visualize trace amount (2.7 μg/mL) of fluorescence-labeled nanoparticles within cancer cells by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Fluorescence labeling by the conjugated polymers is also validated for quantitative determination of the internalized nanoparticles in each individual cell by flow cytometry analysis. Extensive overlap of blue and green fluorescence signals in the cytoplasm indicates that both conjugated polymer probes tightly bind to the surface of the nanoparticles during cellular internalization. The highly charged and fluorescence-labeled nanoparticles non-specifically bind to the cell membranes, followed by cellular uptake through endocytosis. The nanoparticles form aggregates inside endosomes, which yields a punctuated staining pattern. Cellular internalization of the nanoparticles is dependent on the dosage and time. Uptake efficiency can be enhanced three-fold by application of an external magnetic field. The nanoparticles are low cytotoxicity and suitable for simultaneously noninvasive fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Department of Polymer Science &Engineering and Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials &Technology of MOE, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry &Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Polymer Science &Engineering and Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials &Technology of MOE, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry &Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Polymer Science &Engineering and Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials &Technology of MOE, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry &Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qun-Dong Shen
- Department of Polymer Science &Engineering and Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials &Technology of MOE, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry &Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shaojun Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, China
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19
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Kulkarni B, Surnar B, Jayakannan M. Dual Functional Nanocarrier for Cellular Imaging and Drug Delivery in Cancer Cells Based on π-Conjugated Core and Biodegradable Polymer Arms. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:1004-16. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyashree Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha
Road, Pune, 411008 Maharashtra, India
| | - Bapurao Surnar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha
Road, Pune, 411008 Maharashtra, India
| | - Manickam Jayakannan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha
Road, Pune, 411008 Maharashtra, India
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20
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Qiu F, Huang Y, Zhu X. Fluorescent Unimolecular Conjugated Polymeric Micelles for Biological Applications. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Qiu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; 100 Haiquan Road Shanghai 201418 P. R. China
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
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21
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Magnusson K, Appelqvist H, Cieślar-Pobuda A, Bäck M, Kågedal B, Jonasson JA, Los MJ, Nilsson KPR. An imidazole functionalized pentameric thiophene displays different staining patterns in normal and malignant cells. Front Chem 2015; 3:58. [PMID: 26501054 PMCID: PMC4595803 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2015.00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular tools for fluorescent imaging of cells and their components are vital for understanding the function and activity of cells. Here, we report an imidazole functionalized pentameric oligothiophene, p-HTIm, that can be utilized for fluorescent imaging of cells. p-HTIm fluorescence in normal cells appeared in a peripheral punctate pattern partially co-localized with lysosomes, whereas a one-sided perinuclear Golgi associated localization of the dye was observed in malignant cells. The uptake of p-HTIm was temperature dependent and the intracellular target was reached within 1 h after staining. The ability of p-HTIm to stain cells was reduced when the imidazole side chain was chemically altered, verifying that specific imidazole side-chain functionalities are necessary for achieving the observed cellular staining. Our findings confirm that properly functionalized oligothiophenes can be utilized as fluorescent tools for vital staining of cells and that the selectivity toward distinct intracellular targets are highly dependent on the side-chain functionalities along the conjugated thiophene backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Magnusson
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hanna Appelqvist
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University Linköping, Sweden
| | - Artur Cieślar-Pobuda
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University Linköping, Sweden ; Institute of Automatic Control, Silesian University of Technology Gliwice, Poland
| | - Marcus Bäck
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University Linköping, Sweden
| | - Bertil Kågedal
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jon A Jonasson
- Division of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marek J Los
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University Linköping, Sweden
| | - K Peter R Nilsson
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University Linköping, Sweden
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22
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Maleki A, Hayati B, Naghizadeh M, Joo SW. Adsorption of hexavalent chromium by metal organic frameworks from aqueous solution. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Genetically targeted fluorogenic macromolecules for subcellular imaging and cellular perturbation. Biomaterials 2015; 66:1-8. [PMID: 26183934 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The alteration of cellular functions by anchoring macromolecules to specified organelles may reveal a new area of therapeutic potential and clinical treatment. In this work, a unique phenotype was evoked by influencing cellular behavior through the modification of subcellular structures with genetically targetable macromolecules. These fluorogen-functionalized polymers, prepared via controlled radical polymerization, were capable of exclusively decorating actin, cytoplasmic, or nuclear compartments of living cells expressing localized fluorgen-activating proteins. The macromolecular fluorogens were optimized by establishing critical polymer architecture-biophysical property relationships which impacted binding rates, binding affinities, and the level of internalization. Specific labeling of subcellular structures was realized at nanomolar concentrations of polymer, in the absence of membrane permeabilization or transduction domains, and fluorogen-modified polymers were found to bind to protein intact after delivery to the cytosol. Cellular motility was found to be dependent on binding of macromolecular fluorogens to actin structures causing rapid cellular ruffling without migration.
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24
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Maleki A, Pajootan E, Hayati B. Ethyl acrylate grafted chitosan for heavy metal removal from wastewater: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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25
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Conrad CA, Bedford MS, Buelt AA, Galabura Y, Luzinov I, Smith RC. Phosphonium polyelectrolytes: influence of diphosphine spacer on layer-by-layer assembly with anionic conjugated polymers. POLYM INT 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Conrad
- Laboratory for Creative Inquiry in Chemistry; Clemson University; Clemson SC 29634 USA
| | - Monte S Bedford
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Clemson University; Clemson SC 29634 USA
| | - Ashley A Buelt
- Department of Chemistry; Clemson University; Clemson SC 29634 USA
| | - Yuriy Galabura
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Clemson University; Clemson SC 29634 USA
| | - Igor Luzinov
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Clemson University; Clemson SC 29634 USA
| | - Rhett C Smith
- Laboratory for Creative Inquiry in Chemistry; Clemson University; Clemson SC 29634 USA
- Department of Chemistry; Clemson University; Clemson SC 29634 USA
- Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technology; Clemson University; Anderson SC 29634 USA
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26
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Qiu T, Chen Y, Song J, Fan LJ. Preparation of cross-linked, multilayer-coated fluorescent microspheres with functional groups on the surface for bioconjugation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:8260-8267. [PMID: 25836029 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study is to develop a method for preparing fluorescent microspheres with steady and strong fluorescence as well as the surface functionality for bioconjugation. Layer-by-layer technique was employed to introduce poly(phenylenevinylene) (PPV) precursor, diazoresin (DAR), and polyanion, including poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(sodium-p-styrenesulfonate) (PSS), onto the substrate polystyrene-divinylbenzene microspheres with sulfonic groups on the surface (SPSDVB). The conversion of PPV precursor into fluorescent PPV as well as the cross-linking reaction between DAR and polyanion, were accomplished simultaneously in the following thermal treatment. After optimizing the DAR concentration, the selection of polyelectrolytes and the coating sequence, the cross-linked multilayer coated PPV microspheres, SPSDVB-(PPV/PSS/DAR/PAA) spheres, were prepared. These spheres were found to have uniform size with a clear core-shell structure and display even and strong fluorescence, based on the characterization by flow cytometry, microscopy, and photophysics. They were found to be stable and highly resistant to common solvents and even "dissociation agent", as well as possess good thermal stability and photostability. The feasibility of conjugating biomolecules on the surface of spheres was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qiu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yun Chen
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jing Song
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Li-Juan Fan
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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27
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Magnusson K, Appelqvist H, Cieślar-Pobuda A, Wigenius J, Karlsson T, Łos MJ, Kågedal B, Jonasson J, Nilsson KPR. Differential vital staining of normal fibroblasts and melanoma cells by an anionic conjugated polyelectrolyte. Cytometry A 2015; 87:262-72. [PMID: 25605326 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecular probes for imaging of live cells are of great interest for studying biological and pathological processes. The anionic luminescent conjugated polythiophene (LCP) polythiophene acetic acid (PTAA), has previously been used for vital staining of cultured fibroblasts as well as transformed cells with results indicating differential staining due to cell phenotype. Herein, we investigated the behavior of PTAA in two normal and five transformed cells lines. PTAA fluorescence in normal cells appeared in a peripheral punctated pattern whereas the probe was more concentrated in a one-sided perinuclear localization in the five transformed cell lines. In fibroblasts, PTAA fluorescence was initially associated with fibronectin and after 24 h partially localized to lysosomes. The uptake and intracellular target in malignant melanoma cells was more ambiguous and the intracellular target of PTAA in melanoma cells is still elusive. PTAA was well tolerated by both fibroblasts and melanoma cells, and microscopic analysis as well as viability assays showed no signs of negative influence on growth. Stained cells maintained their proliferation rate for at least 12 generations. Although the probe itself was nontoxic, photoinduced cellular toxicity was observed in both cell lines upon irradiation directly after staining. However, no cytotoxicity was detected when the cells were irradiated 24 h after staining, indicating that the photoinduced toxicity is dependent on the cellular location of the probe. Overall, these studies certified PTAA as a useful agent for vital staining of cells, and that PTAA can potentially be used to study cancer-related biological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Magnusson
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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28
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Synthesis and characterization of water-soluble polythiophene derivatives for cell imaging. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7617. [PMID: 25557020 PMCID: PMC5154596 DOI: 10.1038/srep07617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, four water-soluble polythiophene derivatives (PT, PT-DDA, PT-ADA, and PT-ADA-PPR) with different pendant moieties were synthesized via oxidative copolymerization by FeCl3. By increasing the hydrophobic ability of side chain moieties, there is a gradually blue shift for the maximum absorption wavelength and red shift for the maximum emission wavelength, a reducing trend for fluorescence quantum yields, a growing trend for Stokes shift, and an increasing trend for the mean sizes in the order of PT, PT-ADA, and PT-DDA. All the synthesized polymers show low toxicity and good photostability and accumulate in the lysosomes of A549 cells. Furthermore, the introduction of porphyrin group to PT-ADA side chain (PT-ADA-PPR) broadens the absorption and emission ranges of PT-ADA. PT-ADA-PPR could be excited at two different excitation wavelengths (488 nm and 559 nm) and exhibits two emission pathways, and dual-color fluorescence images (orange and red) of PT-ADA-PPR accumulated in A549 cells are observed. Thus, PT-ADA-PPR could be used as an excellent dual-color fluorescent and lysosome-specific imaging material.
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29
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Bender M, Seehafer K, Findt M, Bunz UHF. Pyridine-based poly(aryleneethynylene)s: a study on anionic side chain density and their influence on optical properties and metallochromicity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21829b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the Pd-catalyzed synthesis of six new water soluble, alternating poly(p-phenylene-ethynylene-p-pyridinylene-ethynylene) (abcb-alternating) copolymers and one poly(p-pyridinyleneethynylene).
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Bender
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Kai Seehafer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Marlene Findt
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
- CAM
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30
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Hu R, Wang F, Li S, Nie C, Li M, Chen H, Liu L, Lv F, Wang S. ROS self-scavenging polythiophene materials for cell imaging. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01403d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A conjugated polymer (PTDHP) was synthesized which has a unique ROS self-scavenging ability through the oxidation of DHP into a pyridine structure upon light irradiation. Thus, PTDHP achieves cell imaging with good photo-stability and low photo-cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Fengyan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Shengliang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Chenyao Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Meng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Hui Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Libing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Fengting Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
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31
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Chen Y, Qiu T, Zhao W, Fan LJ. Realization of fluorescence color tuning for poly(p-phenylenevinylene) coated microspheres via a heterogeneous catalytic thermal elimination process. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01615g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent microspheres with clear core–shell structures and various emission colors were successfully prepared via a catalytic elimination process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Tian Qiu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Wei Zhao
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Li-Juan Fan
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
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32
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Shin-Il Kim B, Jin YJ, Uddin MA, Sakaguchi T, Woo HY, Kwak G. Surfactant chemistry for fluorescence imaging of latent fingerprints using conjugated polyelectrolyte nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:13634-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05357a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The polymer nanoparticles were readily transferred to the LFP to reveal highly distinguishable fluorescent images under the presence of surfactant with appropriate HLB value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beomsu Shin-Il Kim
- School of Applied Chemical Engineering
- Major in Polymer Science and Engineering
- Kyungpook National University
- Daegu 702-701
- Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jae Jin
- School of Applied Chemical Engineering
- Major in Polymer Science and Engineering
- Kyungpook National University
- Daegu 702-701
- Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Afsar Uddin
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering
- Pusan National University
- Miryang 627-706
- Republic of Korea
| | - Toshikazu Sakaguchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- University of Fukui
- Bunkyo 3-9-1
- Japan
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering
- Pusan National University
- Miryang 627-706
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Giseop Kwak
- School of Applied Chemical Engineering
- Major in Polymer Science and Engineering
- Kyungpook National University
- Daegu 702-701
- Republic of Korea
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33
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Shi B, Zhang H, Qiao SZ, Bi J, Dai S. Intracellular microenvironment-responsive label-free autofluorescent nanogels for traceable gene delivery. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:1839-48. [PMID: 24965262 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy presents a unique opportunity for the treatment of genetic diseases, but the lack of multifunctional delivery systems has hindered its clinical applications. Here, a new delivery vector, autofluorescent polyethyleneimine (PEI) nanogels, for highly efficient and traceable gene delivery is developed. Different from commercial high-molecular-weight PEI, the cationic nanogels are noncytotoxic and able to be fragmented due to their unique intracellular microenvironment-responsive structures. The biodegradable nanogels can effectively load plasmid DNA (pDNA), and the self-assembled polyplexes can be cleaved after cellular uptake to improve gene transfection efficiency. Most importantly, the nanogels and the nanogel/pDNA polyplexes are autofluorescent. The fluorescence is stable in blood plasma and responsive to the intracellular microenvironment. The breakup of the nanogels or polyplexes leads to the loss of fluorescence, and thus the gene delivery and carrier biodegradation processes can be monitored. The reported multifunctional system demonstrates excellent biocompatibility, high transfection efficiency, responsive biodegradability, controlled gene release, label-free and simultaneous fluorescence tracking, which will provide a new platform for future scientific investigation and practical implications in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyang Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA5005 Australia
| | - Hu Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA5005 Australia
| | - Shi Zhang Qiao
- School of Chemical Engineering; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA5005 Australia
| | - Jingxiu Bi
- School of Chemical Engineering; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA5005 Australia
| | - Sheng Dai
- School of Chemical Engineering; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA5005 Australia
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34
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Yuan H, Wang B, Lv F, Liu L, Wang S. Conjugated-polymer-based energy-transfer systems for antimicrobial and anticancer applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:6978-6982. [PMID: 24711269 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201400379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers (CPs) attract a lot of attention in sensing, imaging, and biomedical applications because of recent achievements that are highlighted in this Research News article. A brief review of recent progress in the application of CP-based energy-transfer systems in antimicrobial and anticancer treatments is provided. The transfer of excitation energy from CPs to photosensitizers leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are able to efficiently kill pathogenic microorganisms and cancer cells in the surroundings. Both fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and bioluminescence energy transfer (BRET) modes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxiang Yuan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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35
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Huang Y, Yao X, Zhang R, Ouyang L, Jiang R, Liu X, Song C, Zhang G, Fan Q, Wang L, Huang W. Cationic conjugated polymer/fluoresceinamine-hyaluronan complex for sensitive fluorescence detection of CD44 and tumor-targeted cell imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:19144-19153. [PMID: 25278260 DOI: 10.1021/am505113p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Simple, rapid, and sensitive detection of CD44 is of paramount importance since it plays pivotal roles in tumor initiation, growth and metastasis. Herein, we describe a novel method for sensitive, visual and facile fluorescence detection of CD44 and CD44-mediated cancer cell imaging, using a probe based on cationic conjugated polymer (CCP)-PFEP and fluoresceinamine-hyaluronan (FA-HA). HA is an anionic natural glycosaminoglycan that can specifically bind to the overexpressed CD44 on various kinds of cancer cells. PFEP and FA-HA formed a complex through electronic interactions, resulting in a highly efficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from PFEP to FA-HA; moreover, the efficiencies of FRET correlated with the concentrations of CD44 because the specific binding of HA-CD44 would separate FA-HA away from PFEP. This method did not require laborious and expensive dual-labeling or protein-labeling needed in previously reported detection methods of CD44. Just mix the sample and test solution containing the PFEP/FA-HA complex, and the results allowed naked-eye detection by observing fluorescent color of solutions with the assistance of a UV lamp. Most importantly, the use of a conjugated polymer with excellent amplification property as well as the specific binding of HA-CD44 endowed this method with high sensitivity and specificity, making it applicable for reliable quantitative detection of CD44. Furthermore, the PFEP/FA-HA complex formed nanoparticles in aqueous solution, and the nanoparticles can be selectively taken up by MCF-7 cells (cancer cell) through the HA-CD44 interaction, thereby giving rise to a dual-color tumor-targeted imaging probe with good photostability. The development of this fluorescent probe showed promising potential to make a reliable and routine method available for early diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023, China
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36
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Barattucci A, Chiara Aversa M, Deni E, Papalia T, Bonaccorsi P. Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Bis-Sulfinyl Substituted Phenylene Ethynylenes. Helv Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201400144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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37
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Liu J, Feng G, Liu R, Tomczak N, Ma L, Gurzadyan GG, Liu B. Bright quantum-dot-sized single-chain conjugated polyelectrolyte nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and application for specific extracellular labeling and imaging. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:3110-8. [PMID: 24729391 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201303505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We report a simple method to fabricate quantum-dot-sized nanoparticles (NPs) from poly[9,9-bis((6-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)hexyl)fluorene-alt-co-2,1,3-benzo-xadiazole dibromide] (PFBD). The transmission electron microscope results reveal that the obtained NPs have a mean diameter of ≈4 nm, which is composed of a single PFBD chain. The NPs show bright fluorescence with an emission maximum at ≈636 nm and a quantum yield of ≈26% in water. The fluorescence properties of the NPs are characterized by steady fluorescence microscopy, fluorescence dynamic study and single nanoparticle microscopy, which show superior brightness over commercial quantum dots QD655. The NPs are further conjugated with streptavidin to yield PFBD-SA NPs, which serve as a specific extracellular labeling and imaging probe with high specificity and good photostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576
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38
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Zhang L, Huang H, Xu N, Yin Q. Functionalization of cationic poly(p-phenylene ethynylene) with dendritic polyethylene enables efficient DNAzyme delivery for imaging Pb 2+ in living cells. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:4935-4942. [PMID: 32261786 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00680a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We report here an effective Pb2+-dependent DNAzyme (8-17 DNAzyme) delivery system based on the water-soluble dendritic polyethylene-cationic poly(p-phenylene ethynylene) for successfully imaging Pb2+ in living cells. For utilizing the 8-17 DNAzyme and its unique ability to catalyze a phosphodiester bond cleavage reaction in the presence of Pb2+, the distinctive conjugated polymer-based polyvalent nanocarrier design manages to load and transport 8-17 DNAzyme across cell membranes, and to realize the fluorescence imaging of Pb2+ in living cells. As shown by the confocal microscopy and flow cytometry observations, the fluorescence of Cy5.5 is obviously activated under the conditions of incubation with Pb2+, compared with the absence of Pb2+. Taken together, the study demonstrates the combination of the molecular-wire effect with "dendrimer effects" on their effective DNAzyme delivery and their cellular imaging Pb2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- DSAPM Lab, PCFM Lab, and OFCM Institu, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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39
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Yin C, Song W, Jiang R, Lu X, Hu W, Shen Q, Li X, Li J, Fan Q, Huang W. Oligo(p-phenyleneethynylene) embedded amphiphiles: synthesis, photophysical properties and self-assembled nanoparticles with high structural stability and photostability for cell imaging. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00376d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Barattucci A, Deni E, Bonaccorsi P, Ceraolo MG, Papalia T, Santoro A, Sciortino MT, Puntoriero F. Oligo(phenylene ethynylene) glucosides: modulation of cellular uptake capacity preserving light ON. J Org Chem 2014; 79:5113-20. [PMID: 24815093 DOI: 10.1021/jo500661u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A new family of oligo(phenylene ethynylene) (OPE) glucosides has been prepared and characterized. Our results demonstrate that fine-tuning of their photophysical properties can be obtained by acting on the electronics of the core and molecular skeleton. Modulation of the hydrophobic chain length and substituents on the central moieties influences the bioaffinity too. In particular, introducing a NMe2 group on the aromatic central core affords a highly efficient biocompatible fluorescent probe that can be taken up in cytoplasmic vesicles of HEp-2 cells (cells from epidermoid carcinoma larynx tissue). The photophysical behavior, high quantum yield, and stability open the way to the use of the OPE family as stains for cellular imaging analysis by fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Barattucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche and SolarChem-Centro di Ricerca Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell'Energia Solare, Università di Messina , 98166 Messina, Italia
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41
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Sjöqvist J, Linares M, Mikkelsen KV, Norman P. QM/MM-MD simulations of conjugated polyelectrolytes: a study of luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes for use as biophysical probes. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:3419-28. [PMID: 24738472 DOI: 10.1021/jp5009835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A methodological development is reported for the study of luminescence properties of conjugated polyelectrolytes, encompassing systems in which dihedral rotational barriers are easily overcome at room temperature. The components of the model include (i) a molecular mechanics (MM) force field description of the solvent in its electronic ground state as well as the chromophore in its electronic ground and excited states, (ii) a conformational sampling by means of classical molecular dynamics (MD) in the respective electronic states, and (iii) spectral response calculations by means of the quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics QM/MM approach. A detailed analysis of the combined polarization effects of the ionic moiety and the polar water solvent is presented. At an increased computational cost of 30% compared to a calculation excluding the solvent, the error in the transition wavelength of the dominant absorption band is kept as small as 1 nm as compared to the high-quality benchmark result, based largely on a QM description of the solvent. At a reduced computational cost the error of the same quantity is kept as small as 6 nm, with the cost reduction being the result of an effective description of the effects of the solvent by means of replacing the carboxylate ions with neutral hydrogens. In absorption spectroscopy, the obtained best theoretical results are in excellent agreement with the experimental benchmark measurement, regarding excitation energies as well as band intensities and profiles. In fluorescence spectroscopy, the experimental spectrum shows a vibrational progression that is not addressed by theory, but the theoretical band position is in excellent agreement with experiment, with a highly accurate description of the Stokes shift as a result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Sjöqvist
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University , SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
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42
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Chen Y, Hong P, Xu B, He Z, Zhou B. Streptavidin sensor and its sensing mechanism based on water-soluble fluorescence conjugated polymer. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 122:441-446. [PMID: 24322760 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence quenching effect of water-soluble anionic conjugated polymer (CP) (poly[5-methoxy-2-(3-sulfopoxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MPS-PPV)) by [Re(N-N)(CO)3(py-CH2-NH-biotin)](PF6) [N-N=2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline; py-CH2-NH-biotin=N-[(4-pyridyl) methyl] biotinamide] (Re-Biotin) and fluorescence recovery in the presence of streptavidin (or avidin) were investigated using Re-Biotin as quencher tether ligand (QTL) probe. Meanwhile, the mechanisms of fluorescence quenching and recovery were discussed to provide new thoughts to design biosensor based on water-soluble CPs. The results indicate that the sensing mechanisms of streptavidin sensor or avidin sensor, using Re-Biotin as QTL probe, are the same and stable, whether in non-buffer system (aqueous solution) or different buffer systems [0.01 mol·L(-1) phosphate buffered solution (pH=7.4), 0.1 mol·L(-1) ammonium carbonate buffered solution (pH=8.9)]. There exists specific interactions between streptavidin (or avidin) and biotin of Re-Biotin. Fluorescence quenching and recovery processes of MPS-PPV are reversible. Mechanisms of Re-Biotin quenching MPS-PPV fluorescence can be interpreted as strong electrostatic interactions and charge transferences between Re-Biotin and MPS-PPV. Fluorescence recovery mechanisms of Re-Biotin-MPS-PPV system can be interpreted as specific interactions between streptavidin (or avidin) and biotin of Re-Biotin making Re-Biotin far away from MPS-PPV. Avidin or strptavidin as re-Biotin probe can not only be quantitatively determinated, but also be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanguo Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis and Reclamation Technology of Hubei, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Peng Hong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Baoming Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Zhike He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Baohan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
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43
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Kahveci Z, Martínez-Tomé MJ, Esquembre R, Mallavia R, Mateo CR. Selective Interaction of a Cationic Polyfluorene with Model Lipid Membranes: Anionic versus Zwitterionic Lipids. MATERIALS 2014; 7:2120-2140. [PMID: 28788559 PMCID: PMC5453277 DOI: 10.3390/ma7032120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper explores the interaction mechanism between the conjugated polyelectrolyte {[9,9-bis(6'-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)hexyl]fluorene-phenylene}bromide (HTMA-PFP) and model lipid membranes. The study was carried out using different biophysical techniques, mainly fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy. Results show that despite the preferential interaction of HTMA-PFP with anionic lipids, HTMA-PFP shows affinity for zwitterionic lipids; although the interaction mechanism is different as well as HTMA-PFP's final membrane location. Whilst the polyelectrolyte is embedded within the lipid bilayer in the anionic membrane, it remains close to the surface, forming aggregates that are sensitive to the physical state of the lipid bilayer in the zwitterionic system. The different interaction mechanism is reflected in the polyelectrolyte fluorescence spectrum, since the maximum shifts to longer wavelengths in the zwitterionic system. The intrinsic fluorescence of HTMA-PFP was used to visualize the interaction between polymer and vesicles via fluorescence microscopy, thanks to its high quantum yield and photostability. This technique allows the selectivity of the polyelectrolyte and higher affinity for anionic membranes to be observed. The results confirmed the appropriateness of using HTMA-PFP as a membrane fluorescent marker and suggest that, given its different behaviour towards anionic and zwitterionic membranes, HTMA-PFP could be used for selective recognition and imaging of bacteria over mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Kahveci
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche (Alicante) 03202, Spain.
| | - María José Martínez-Tomé
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche (Alicante) 03202, Spain.
| | - Rocío Esquembre
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche (Alicante) 03202, Spain.
| | - Ricardo Mallavia
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche (Alicante) 03202, Spain.
| | - C Reyes Mateo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche (Alicante) 03202, Spain.
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Thomas AW, Henson ZB, Du J, Vandenberg CA, Bazan GC. Synthesis, characterization, and biological affinity of a near-infrared-emitting conjugated oligoelectrolyte. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:3736-9. [PMID: 24575841 PMCID: PMC3985452 DOI: 10.1021/ja412695w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
![]()
A near-IR-emitting
conjugated oligoelectrolyte (COE), ZCOE, was synthesized,
and its photophysical features were characterized.
The biological affinity of ZCOE is compared to that of
an established lipid-membrane-intercalating COE, DSSN+, which has blue-shifted optical properties making it compatible
for tracking preferential sites of accumulation. ZCOE exhibits diffuse staining of E. coli cells, whereas
it displays internal staining of select yeast cells which also show
propidium iodide staining, indicating ZCOE is a “dead”
stain for this organism. Staining of mammalian cells reveals complete
internalization of ZCOE through endocytosis, as supported
by colocalization with LysoTracker and late endosome markers. In all
cases DSSN+ persists in the outer membranes, most likely
due to its chemical structure more closely resembling a lipid bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander W Thomas
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, and ‡Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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45
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Dendrimer–titania nanocomposite: synthesis and dye-removal capacity. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-013-1486-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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46
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Dwivedi AK, Iyer PK. Therapeutic Strategies to Prevent Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis Using A Fluorescent Conjugated Polyelectrolyte. Macromol Biosci 2013; 14:508-14. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atul K. Dwivedi
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati; Guwahati 781 039 Assam India
| | - Parameswar K. Iyer
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati; Guwahati 781 039 Assam India
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47
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Shin YC, Lee JH, Jeong JE, Kim B, Lee EJ, Jin OS, Jung TG, Lee JJ, Woo HY, Han DW. Cell imaging and DNA delivery in fibroblastic cells by conjugated polyelectrolytes. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2013; 60:580-8. [PMID: 23772797 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study concentrates on the potential application of conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) to cell imaging and DNA delivery. Four different types of polyfluorene copolymers, namely, PAHFP-Br, PAEFP-Br, PAHFbT-Br, and PSBFP-Na, which have the same π-conjugated backbone but different side chains, were synthesized. For cytotoxicity testing, L-929 fibroblastic cells were treated with increasing concentrations (0-50 µM) of each CPE and then cell viability was determined by WST-8 assay. Cellular uptake of CPEs into cultured L-929 cells was observed by fluorescence microscopy. To examine DNA delivery by CPEs, the cells were incubated for 1 H with PAHFP-Br/fluorescein (Fl)-labeled single-stranded DNA (ssDNA-Fl) complex and then visualized by fluorescence microscopy. Cytotoxicity of CPEs was increased in a dose-dependent manner but at lower than 10 µM, PAHFP-Br, PAEFP-Br, and PSBFP-Na did not show any cytotoxic effects on the cells. When added to cell cultures at 1 µM, PAHFP-Br/ssDNA-Fl complex was delivered and then dissociated into PAHFP-Br and ssDNA-Fl within the cells. This result implies that PAHFP-Br can enable cell imaging and DNA delivery into fibroblastic cells. Therefore, it is suggested that PAHFP-Br with various advantages such as low cytotoxicity and high fluorescence efficiency can be extensively used as a potential agent for cell imaging and gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cheol Shin
- Department of Applied Nanoscience and Department of Nanofusion Technology (BK21), College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
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48
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Liu J, Feng G, Geng J, Liu B. A facile strategy toward conjugated polyelectrolyte with oligopeptide as pendants for biological applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:4511-4515. [PMID: 23444831 DOI: 10.1021/am400169v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a facile yet efficient strategy to synthesize biofunctionalized conjugated polyelectrolyte using click reaction between an amphiphilic oligopeptide (R10) and organic soluble polyfluorene (PF) as an example. PF-R10 shows the absorption and emission maxima at ~380 and ~430 nm in water, respectively. In addition, it exhibits enhanced fluorescence in acidic circumstance as compared to that in neutral environment because of reduced aggregation, which is confirmed by laser light scattering and atomic force microscopy studies. In view of the penetration property of the grafted R10 peptide, PF-R10 shows excellent cell uptake and labeling ability in cellular imaging.
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49
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Kahveci Z, Martínez-Tomé MJ, Mallavia R, Mateo CR. Use of the Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Poly{[9,9-bis(6′-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)hexyl]fluorene-phenylene} Bromide (HTMA-PFP) as a Fluorescent Membrane Marker. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1990-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400348n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Kahveci
- Instituto de Biología Molecular
y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | | | - Ricardo Mallavia
- Instituto de Biología Molecular
y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - C. Reyes Mateo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular
y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
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50
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Wu C, Chiu DT. Highly fluorescent semiconducting polymer dots for biology and medicine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3086-109. [PMID: 23307291 PMCID: PMC5616106 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 724] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, semiconducting polymer nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention because of their outstanding characteristics as fluorescent probes. These nanoparticles, which primarily consist of π-conjugated polymers and are called polymer dots (Pdots) when they exhibit small particle size and high brightness, have demonstrated utility in a wide range of applications such as fluorescence imaging and biosensing. In this review, we summarize recent findings of the photophysical properties of Pdots which speak to the merits of these entities as fluorescent labels. This review also highlights the surface functionalization and biomolecular conjugation of Pdots, and their applications in cellular labeling, in vivo imaging, single-particle tracking, biosensing, and drug delivery. We discuss the relationship between the physical properties and performance, and evaluate the merits and limitations of the Pdot probes for certain imaging tasks and fluorescence assays. We also tackle the current challenges of Pdots and share our perspective on the future directions of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
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