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Rae A, Byrne KM, Brown SA, Kennedy AR, Krämer T, Mulvey RE, Robertson SD. Sigma/pi Bonding Preferences of Solvated Alkali-Metal Cations to Ditopic Arylmethyl Anions. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104260. [PMID: 35170823 PMCID: PMC9310864 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Arylmethyl anions allow alkali‐metals to bind in a σ‐fashion to the lateral carbanionic centre or a π‐fashion to the aryl ring or in between these extremities, with the trend towards π bonding increasing on descending group 1. Here we review known alkali metal structures of diphenylmethane, fluorene, 2‐benzylpyridine and 4‐benzylpyridine. Next, we synthesise Li, Na, K monomers of these diarylmethyls using polydentate donors PMDETA or Me6TREN to remove competing oligomerizing interactions, studying the effect that two aromatic rings has on negative charge (de)localisation via NMR, X‐ray crystallographic and DFT studies. Diphenylmethyl and fluorenyl anions maintain C(H)−M interactions regardless of alkali‐metal, although the adjacent arene carbons engage in interactions with larger alkali‐metals. Introducing a nitrogen atom into the ring (at the 2‐ or 4‐position) encourages relocalisation of negative charge away from the deprotonated carbon and onto nitrogen. Phenyl(2‐pyridyl)methyl moves from an enamide formation at one extremity (lithium) to an aza‐allyl formation at the other extremity (potassium), while C‐ or N‐coordination modes become energetically viable for Na and K phenyl(4‐pyridyl)methyl complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Rae
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Keelan M Byrne
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6, Maynooth, Co Kildare, Ireland
| | - Scott A Brown
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Alan R Kennedy
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6, Maynooth, Co Kildare, Ireland.,Hamilton Institute, Maynooth University, W23 A3HY, Maynooth, Co Kildare, Ireland
| | - Robert E Mulvey
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Stuart D Robertson
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
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Morales-Meza S, Pérez-Peralta N, Sanchez-Castro ME, Sanchez M. Theoretical study of penta- and heteropentadienyl beryllium complexes coordinated to hydrogen molecules. J Mol Model 2016; 22:245. [PMID: 27665465 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-3110-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of penta- and heteropentadienyl [CH2CHCHCHXBe]+, (X = CH2, O, NH, S) complexes has been theoretically studied. All calculated complexes show beryllium atoms with two, three, and five coordination numbers. The density functional theory (DFT) was used to determine the electron and structural behavior of those beryllium complexes. The nature of the ligands plays an important role in the form of binding to the beryllium atom. Beryllium structures 1-4 are able to coordinate only one hydrogen molecule. A molecular orbital analysis for all complexes was performed in order to know more about the nature of their bonding scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharity Morales-Meza
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. Alianza Norte 202, PIIT, Carretera Monterrey-Aeropuerto Km. 10, Apodaca, NL, 66628, Mexico
| | - Nancy Pérez-Peralta
- División de Ciencias, Departamento de Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, CUTonalá, Av. Nuevo Periférico No. 555 Ejido San José Tatepozco, C.P. 48525, Tonalá, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - M Esther Sanchez-Castro
- Sustentabilidad de los Recursos Naturales y Energía, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Saltillo, Av. Industria Metalúrgica No. 1062, Parque Industrial, 25900, Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Mario Sanchez
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. Alianza Norte 202, PIIT, Carretera Monterrey-Aeropuerto Km. 10, Apodaca, NL, 66628, Mexico.
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3
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Roselló-Merino M, Mansell SM. Synthesis and reactivity of fluorenyl-tethered N-heterocyclic stannylenes. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:6282-93. [PMID: 26757790 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04060d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A fluorenyl (Fl) tethered diamine was synthesised by nucleophilic substitution of (bromoethyl)fluorene with a diisopropylphenyl (Dipp) substituted diamine to give FlC2H4N(H)C2H4N(H)Dipp (1a) in good yield (85%). Lithiation of 1a with n-BuLi proceeded with coordination of the Li cation to the aromatic fluorenide ring (2), and with subsequent equivalents of n-BuLi, the secondary amines were then sequentially deprotonated. A fluorenyl-tethered N-heterocyclic stannylene (NHSn) was synthesised from the reaction of 1a with SnN''2 {N'' = N(SiMe3)2} as a neutral dimeric species (5), and this was deprotonated with LiN'' to give the corresponding dianionic fluorenide-tethered NHSn (6). Reactions of [{Rh(cod)(μ-Cl)}2] with the mono-deprotonated ligand 2 led to the formation of a mixed-donor amide-amine Rh(i) compound (7), whereas reactions with the anionic NHSn 6 led to a Rh-fluorenyl complex of low stability with an uncoordinated pendent NHSn arm, which X-ray crystallography showed to be dimeric in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Roselló-Merino
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
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4
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Morales-Meza S, Sanchez-Castro ME, Sanchez M. Penta- and heteropentadienyl ligands coordinated to beryllium. J Mol Model 2013; 19:5153-8. [PMID: 24100747 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-013-2002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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5
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Spisak SN, Zabula AV, Ferguson MV, Filatov AS, Petrukhina MA. “Naked” Mono- and Dianions of Corannulene with Lithium Counterions. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om300998p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N. Spisak
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Alexander V. Zabula
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Michael V. Ferguson
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Alexander S. Filatov
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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6
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Zabula AV, Petrukhina MA. Structural Perspective on Aggregation of Alkali Metal Ions with Charged Planar and Curved Carbon π-Surfaces. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407692-1.00003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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7
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Zabula AV, Spisak SN, Filatov AS, Petrukhina MA. Self-Assembly of Charged Supramolecular Sandwiches Formed by Corannulene Tetraanions and Lithium Cations. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300507z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Zabula
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York
12222-0100, United States
| | - Sarah N. Spisak
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York
12222-0100, United States
| | - Alexander S. Filatov
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York
12222-0100, United States
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York
12222-0100, United States
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Zaeni A, Olbrich F, Hrib CG, Edelmann FT. Unsolvated [KFl(SiPh3)] (Fl = fluorenyl): A supramolecular chain structure assembled exclusively through K⋯C–π-bonding. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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A contribution to 1-azapentadienylmetal chemistry: Si, Sn(II), Fe(II) and Co(II) complexes. J Organomet Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2009.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Riehm T, Wadepohl H, Gade LH. Putting group 13 elements onto perylenes: highly fluorescent N-B-N- and N-Al-N-substituted polycyclic aromatics. Inorg Chem 2009; 47:11467-9. [PMID: 19007210 DOI: 10.1021/ic8017453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metalation of 3,4,9,10-tetraaminoperylene with boron and aluminum complex fragments has given rise to a new class of highly fluorescent N-B-N- and N-Al-N-substituted dyes with fluorescence quantum yields of up to 82%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Riehm
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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11
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Kang E, Kim S, Kim T, Chung J, Hahn JS, Ko J, Ok M, Cheong M, Kang SO. Structure–Catalytic Activity Relationship in Bridging Silacycloalkyl Ring Conformations of Constrained Geometry Titanium Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200701312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 208 Seochang, Chochiwon, Chung‐nam 339‐700, Korea, Fax: +82‐41‐867‐5396
| | - Sung‐Kwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 208 Seochang, Chochiwon, Chung‐nam 339‐700, Korea, Fax: +82‐41‐867‐5396
| | - Tae‐Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 208 Seochang, Chochiwon, Chung‐nam 339‐700, Korea, Fax: +82‐41‐867‐5396
| | - Jae‐Ho Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 208 Seochang, Chochiwon, Chung‐nam 339‐700, Korea, Fax: +82‐41‐867‐5396
| | - Jong Sok Hahn
- R&D Center, SK Corporation, 140‐1 Wonchon‐dong, Yuseong‐gu, Daejeon 305‐712, Korea
| | - Jaejung Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 208 Seochang, Chochiwon, Chung‐nam 339‐700, Korea, Fax: +82‐41‐867‐5396
| | - Myung‐Ahn Ok
- R&D Center, SK Corporation, 140‐1 Wonchon‐dong, Yuseong‐gu, Daejeon 305‐712, Korea
| | - Minserk Cheong
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130‐701, Korea
| | - Sang Ook Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 208 Seochang, Chochiwon, Chung‐nam 339‐700, Korea, Fax: +82‐41‐867‐5396
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12
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Buchalski P, Grabowska I, Kamińska E, Suwińska K. Synthesis and Structures of 9-Nickelafluorenyllithium Complexes. Organometallics 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/om701275u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Buchalski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland, and Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Grabowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland, and Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Kamińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland, and Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kinga Suwińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland, and Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Erker G, Kehr G, Fröhlich R. Functionalized Alkali Metal Cyclopentadienides: Structural and Chemical Features. Organometallics 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/om7007666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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14
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Ramos C, Royo P, Lanfranchi M, Pellinghelli MA, Tiripicchio A. [(Allylsilyl)(η-amidosilyl)-η5-cyclopentadienyl] Group 4 Metal Complexes: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Olefin Polymerization. Organometallics 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/om060900+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Fernández I, Martínez-Viviente E, Breher F, Pregosin PS. 7Li, 31P, and 1H pulsed gradient spin-echo (PGSE) diffusion NMR spectroscopy and ion pairing: on the temperature dependence of the ion pairing in Li(CPh3), fluorenyllithium, and Li[N(SiMe3)2] amongst other salts. Chemistry 2006; 11:1495-506. [PMID: 15657962 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200400867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
7Li, 31P, and 1H variable-temperature pulsed gradient spin-echo (PGSE) diffusion methods have been used to study ion pairing and aggregation states for a range of lithium salts such as lithium halides, lithium carbanions, and a lithium amide in THF solutions. For trityllithium (2) and fluorenyllithium (9), it is shown that ion pairing is favored at 299 K but the ions are well separated at 155 K. For 2-lithio-1,3-dithiane (13) and lithium hexamethyldisilazane (LiHMDS 16), low-temperature data show that the ions remain together. For the dithio anion 13, a mononuclear species has been established, whereas for the lithium amide 16, the PGSE results allow two different aggregation states to be readily recognized. For the lithium halides LiX (X = Br, Cl, I) in THF, the 7Li PGSE data show that all three salts can be described as well-separated ions at ambient temperature. The solid state structure of trityllithium (2) is described and reveals a solvent-separated ion pair formed by a [Li(thf)4]+ ion and a bare triphenylmethide anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Fernández
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETHZ HCI Hönggerberg 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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Syntheses and reactions of fulvene-derived substituted aminoalkyl-Cp and phosphinoalkyl-Cp-Group 4 metal complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2005.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Paz-Sandoval MA, Rangel-Salas II. Half-open metallocenes with heterodienyl ligands and related compounds. Coord Chem Rev 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2005.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Wang C, Erker G, Kehr G, Wedeking K, Fröhlich R. Synthesis, Structural Features, and Formation of Organometallic Derivates of C1-Bridged Cp/Amido Titanium and Zirconium “CpCN-Constrained Geometry” Systems. Organometallics 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/om0505918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cun Wang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Katrin Wedeking
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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19
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Galka CH, Gade LH. Synthesis and structural characterisation of metallated aminomethylanilines. Inorganica Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2003.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Bredeau S, Altenhoff G, Kunz K, Döring S, Grimme S, Kehr G, Erker G. Synthesis of Alkylidene-Bridged Cp/Phosphido Group 4 Metal ComplexesPrecursors of the “(CpCPR)M−Constrained-Geometry” Catalyst Family. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om034201y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Bredeau
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gereon Altenhoff
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Kunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Steve Döring
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Carey D, Mair F, Pritchard R, Warren J, Woods R. Structures and Reactions of 1,3-Diamidodilithium Complexes: the Hemisolvatedl-[CMe2{CHMeN(R)}2Li2·OEt2], the Unsolvated 1:1 Mixed Organo-amidolithiumu-[CMe2{CHMeN(R′)}2·Li2·(nBuLi)2], and the Product of Oxidative Ring Closure, the Pyrazolidinel-[(RNCHMe)2CMe2] (R = 2-iPr-C6H4; R′ = 2,6-iPr2-C6H3). Eur J Inorg Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200300373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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22
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Kotov VV, Fröhlich R, Kehr G, Erker G. Synthesis and structural features of [(C5H4CMe2NMe2)2TiCl], a bis(cyclopentadienyl)Ti(III) complex with internal dimethylamino coordination. J Organomet Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(03)00221-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Siedle AR, Webb RJ, Brostrom M, Chou SH, Weil DA, Newmark RA, Behr FE, Young VG. Reactions of the perfluoroalkyltriazapentadiene Ph2N3C2(C3F7)2H with acids, bases, and water. Inorg Chem 2003; 42:2596-601. [PMID: 12691566 DOI: 10.1021/ic020716q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of the bis(perfluoroalkyl)triazapentadiene PhN=C(C(3)F(7))-N=C(C(3)F(7))-NHPh, 2, with bases affords salts of the conjugate base. Alkylation of the Na(+) salt with CH(3)I yields PhN=C(C(3)F(7))-N=C(C(3)F(7))-NMePh. The crystal structure of [Bu(4)N][Ph(2)N(3)C(2)(C(3)F(7))(2)] demonstrates a twisted, zigzag geometry for the anion in the solid state, but in solution, it is conformationally unstable. Both compounds are stable in aqueous methanol, but hydrolysis occurs under acidic conditions. Protonation with CF(3)SO(3)H acid occurs at the sp(2) nitrogen to give [PhN-(H) HC(C(3)F(7))-C(C(3)F(7))-NHPh][CF(3)SO(3)]. Heating 2 in CF(3)SO(3)H produces 2,4-bis(heptafluoropropyl)-1,3-quinazoline.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Siedle
- 3M Corporate Research Laboratories, St. Paul, Minnesota 55144, USA.
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24
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Schlosser M, Volle JN, Leroux F, Schenk K. Switchable Reactivity: The Site-Selective Functionalization of Trifluoromethyl-Substituted Pyrazoles. European J Org Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0690(200209)2002:17<2913::aid-ejoc2913>3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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25
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26
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Jacobson MA, Williard PG. Generation of 1-azapentadienyl anion from N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-3-buten-1-amine. J Org Chem 2002; 67:3915-8. [PMID: 12027714 DOI: 10.1021/jo0162336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
N-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)-3-buten-1-amine undergoes allylic deprotonation at the 2-position when exposed to 2 equiv of nBuLi in THF. This allylic anion undergoes lithium hydride elimination to generate a 1-azapentadienyl anion. The anion is generated cleanly and completely.
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Kunz K, Erker G, Döring S, Bredeau S, Kehr G, Fröhlich R. Formation of sp3-C1-Bridged Cp/Amido Titanium and Zirconium “CpCN” Constrained-Geometry Ziegler−Natta Catalyst Systems. Organometallics 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/om010624t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Kunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Steve Döring
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stephane Bredeau
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Kunz K, Erker G, Döring S, Fröhlich R, Kehr G. Generation of homogeneous (sp(3)-C(1))-bridged Cp/amido and Cp/phosphido group 4 metal Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:6181-2. [PMID: 11414854 DOI: 10.1021/ja0029634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Röder JC, Meyer F, Pritzkow H. Lithium Complexes of N-Donor-Functionalized CyclopentadienylA Pyrazolate-Based Bimetallic Version. Organometallics 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/om0008878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens C. Röder
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans Pritzkow
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Wehmschulte RJ, Khan MA, Twamley B, Schiemenz B. Synthesis and Characterization of a Sterically Encumbered Unsymmetrical 9-Borafluorene, Its Pyridine Adduct, and Its Dilithium Salt. Organometallics 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/om000868y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf J. Wehmschulte
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 620 Parrington Oval, Room 208, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, and University of Idaho, Morill Hall 109, PO Box 443010, Moscow, Idaho 83844-3010
| | - Masood A. Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 620 Parrington Oval, Room 208, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, and University of Idaho, Morill Hall 109, PO Box 443010, Moscow, Idaho 83844-3010
| | - Brendan Twamley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 620 Parrington Oval, Room 208, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, and University of Idaho, Morill Hall 109, PO Box 443010, Moscow, Idaho 83844-3010
| | - Berthold Schiemenz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 620 Parrington Oval, Room 208, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, and University of Idaho, Morill Hall 109, PO Box 443010, Moscow, Idaho 83844-3010
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Kunz K, Erker G, Kehr G, Fröhlich R. Synthesis and Structural and Chemical Features of Formimidoyl-Functionalized Lithium Cyclopentadienides. Organometallics 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/om000753u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Kunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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33
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Fauré JL, Erker G, Fröhlich R, Bergander K. 2-[Ethyl-(2-methallyl)amino]indenyllithium: Structural Characterization of a Base-Free Oligomeric Supersandwich Indenyllithium Compound. Eur J Inorg Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0682(200012)2000:12<2603::aid-ejic2603>3.0.co;2-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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34
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Kunz K, Pflug J, Bertuleit A, Fröhlich R, Wegelius E, Erker G, Würthwein EU. Oligomeric Chain Structures of Substituted (Dialkylaminomethyl)cyclopentadienyllithium Compounds: Structural Variations Characterized by Different Involvement of the Internal Amino Donor Ligands in the Solid State. Organometallics 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/om000590+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gutiérrez J, Paz-Sandoval M, Robles J. Synthesis, characterization and a theoretical investigation of the formation of silicon, germanium and tin azapentadiene compounds from lithium azapentadienyls. J Organomet Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(99)00752-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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36
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Lee MH, Hwang JW, Kim Y, Kim J, Han Y, Do Y. The First Fluorenyl ansa-Yttrocene Complexes: Synthesis, Structures, and Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate. Organometallics 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/om990471y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon 305-701, Korea
| | - Jeong-Wook Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon 305-701, Korea
| | - Youngjo Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon 305-701, Korea
| | - Jindong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon 305-701, Korea
| | - Yonggyu Han
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon 305-701, Korea
| | - Youngkyu Do
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon 305-701, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Ranger
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences et Ingénierie des Macromolécules (CERSIM), Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Quebec City, PQ, Canada G1K 7P4
| | - Mario Leclerc
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences et Ingénierie des Macromolécules (CERSIM), Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Quebec City, PQ, Canada G1K 7P4
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Duda L, Erker G, Fröhlich R, Zippel F. Formation of a Constrained-Geometry Ziegler Catalyst System Containing a C1 Instead of the Usual Si1 Connection Between the Cyclopentadienyl and Amido Ligand Components. Eur J Inorg Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0682(199808)1998:8<1153::aid-ejic1153>3.0.co;2-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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39
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Kennedy AR, Mulvey RE, Rowlings RB. Intermetallic Lithium−Magnesium Hexamethyldisilazide: Synthesis and Structure, Discovery of an Oxygen-Centered Variant, and a Reaction with Benzonitrile That Produces a Novel Amidinate Cage Compound with a Trigonal Bipyramidal Li4MgO Core. J Am Chem Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ja980561e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan R. Kennedy
- Contribution from the Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Robert E. Mulvey
- Contribution from the Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | - René B. Rowlings
- Contribution from the Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
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Håkansson M, Ottosson CH, Boman A, Johnels D. A Crystallographic and Computational Study of a Diethyl Ether Complex of Fluorenyllithium. Organometallics 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/om9704509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Håkansson
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden, Department of Organic Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Umeå University, S-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Carl-Henrik Ottosson
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden, Department of Organic Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Umeå University, S-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Arne Boman
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden, Department of Organic Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Umeå University, S-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Dan Johnels
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden, Department of Organic Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Umeå University, S-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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