1
|
Bürkle F, Doll J, Neide A, Gantz S, Tsitlakidis S, Fischer C. New perspectives for investigating muscular perfusion response after dietary supplement intake: an exploratory, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial in healthy young athletes using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2022; 19:397-416. [PMID: 35859621 PMCID: PMC9291664 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2097018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Various dietary supplements have been reported to enhance muscular perfusion in athletes practicing resistance training, especially through modulation of nitric oxide signaling. Objectives The aim of this study was therefore to investigate selected ‘NO-boosting’ supplements in a real-life setting i) to generate novel hypotheses and perfusion estimates for power calculation in view of a definitive trial and ii) to assess the feasibility of the study design with particular focus on the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for perfusion quantification. Methods Thirty young male athletes (24 ± 4 years) regularly practicing resistance training were enrolled in this three-arm, placebo(PL)-controlled crossover trial with ingestion of two commercially available supplements: an amino acid combination (AA) (containing 3 g of L-arginine-hydrochloride and 8 g of L-citrulline-malate) and 300 mg of a specific green tea extract (GTE). After intake, CEUS examinations of the dominant biceps brachii muscle were performed under resting conditions and following standardized resistance exercising. Quantitative parameters of biceps perfusion (peak enhancement, PE; wash-in perfusion index, WiPI) and caliber were derived from corresponding CEUS video files. Additionally, subjective muscle pump was determined after exercise. Results For PE, WiPI, and biceps caliber, the standard deviation (SD) of the within-subject differences between PL, AA, and GTE was determined, thereby allowing future sample size calculations. No significant differences between PL, AA, and GTE were observed for biceps perfusion, caliber, or muscle pump. When comparing resting with post-exercise measurements, the increase in biceps perfusion significantly correlated with the caliber increase (PE: r = 0.266, p = 0.0113; WiPI: r = 0.269, p = 0.0105). Similarly, the biceps perfusion correlated with muscle pump in the post-exercise conditions (PE: r = 0.354, p = 0.0006; WiPI: r = 0.350, p = 0.0007). A high participant adherence was achieved, and the acquisition of good quality CEUS video files was feasible. No adverse events occurred. Conclusion Based on our novel examination protocol, CEUS seems to be feasible following higher-load resistance exercising and may be used as a new method for high-resolution perfusion quantification to investigate the effects of pre-exercise dietary supplementation on muscle perfusion and related muscle size dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Bürkle
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian Doll
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arndt Neide
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Gantz
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanos Tsitlakidis
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Fischer
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Majeed U, Shafi A, Majeed H, Akram K, Liu X, Ye J, Luo Y. Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) phytochemicals and their biochemical protective mechanisms against leading pathologies. Food Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
3
|
Luo Y, Jian Y, Liu Y, Jiang S, Muhammad D, Wang W. Flavanols from Nature: A Phytochemistry and Biological Activity Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030719. [PMID: 35163984 PMCID: PMC8838462 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Flavanols, a common class of secondary plant metabolites, exhibit several beneficial health properties by acting as antioxidant, anticarcinogen, cardioprotective, anti-microbial, anti-viral, and neuroprotective agents. Furthermore, some flavanols are considered functional ingredients in dairy products. Based on their structural features and health-promoting functions, flavanols have gained the attention of pharmacologists and botanists worldwide. This review collects and summarizes 121 flavanols comprising four categories: flavan-3-ols, flavan-4-ols, isoflavan-4-ols, and flavan-3,4-ols. The research of the various structural features and pharmacological activities of flavanols and their derivatives aims to lay the groundwork for subsequent research and expect to provide mentality and inspiration for the research. The current study provides a starting point for further research and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuqing Jian
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (W.W.); Tel.: +86-150-8486-8970 (Y.J.); +86-136-5743-8606 (W.W.)
| | | | | | | | - Wei Wang
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (W.W.); Tel.: +86-150-8486-8970 (Y.J.); +86-136-5743-8606 (W.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tropea T, Greenwood SL, Sibley CP, Cottrell EC. Grape Seed Extract Polyphenols Improve Resistance Artery Function in Pregnant eNOS -/- Mice. Front Physiol 2020; 11:588000. [PMID: 33240108 PMCID: PMC7677241 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.588000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension during pregnancy is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide, increasing the risk of complications including preeclampsia, intracerebral hemorrhage and fetal growth restriction. Increased oxidative stress is known to contribute to poor vascular function; however, trials of antioxidant supplementation have raised concerns about fetal outcomes, including risk of low birthweight. Grape seed extract polyphenols (GSEP) have been suggested to promote cardiovascular protection, at least in part through antioxidant actions. We tested the hypothesis that administration of GSEP during pregnancy would reduce oxidative stress and improve resistance artery function with no detrimental effects on fetal growth, in an established model of maternal hypertension associated with vascular dysfunction, the endothelial NO synthase knockout (eNOS-/-) mouse. Pregnant C57BL/6J (WT) and eNOS-/- mice received either GSEP (200 mg/kg/day) or drinking water, between gestational (GD) day 10.5 and GD18.5. At GD17.5, maternal systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured; at GD18.5, maternal malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, vascular function of aortic, mesenteric, uterine and posterior cerebral arteries was assessed, and fetal outcome evaluated. GSEP reduced maternal SBP (P < 0.01) and plasma MDA concentrations (P < 0.01) in eNOS-/- mice. Whilst there was no effect of GSEP on vascular reactivity of aortas, GSEP improved endothelial-dependent relaxation in mesenteric and uterine arteries of eNOS-/- mice (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively) and normalized lumen diameters of pressurized posterior cerebral arteries in eNOS-/- mice (P < 0.001). Supplementation with GSEP had no effect in WT mice and did not affect fetal outcomes in either genotype. Our data suggest that GSEP improve resistance artery function, potentially through antioxidant actions, and provide a basis to further investigate these beneficial effects including in the prevention of intracerebral hemorrhage. Maternal supplementation with GSEP may be a safe intervention to improve outcomes in pregnancies associated with hypertension and vascular dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Tropea
- Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Susan L Greenwood
- Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Colin P Sibley
- Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth C Cottrell
- Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Doll J, Bürkle F, Neide A, Tsitlakidis S, Bruckner T, Schmidmaier G, Fischer C. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for determining muscular perfusion after oral intake of L-citrulline, L-arginine, and galloylated epicatechines: A study protocol. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22318. [PMID: 33031270 PMCID: PMC7544292 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The market for dietary supplements in the sports sector has been growing rapidly for several years, though there is still lacking evidence regarding their claimed benefits. One group is that of nitric oxide increasing supplements, so-called "NO-boosters," which are claimed to improve the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the muscle by enhancing vasodilation.The aim of this study was to investigate 3 of these supplements in healthy male athletes for their muscle perfusion-enhancing potential using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). METHODS This placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized cross-over trial will be carried out at the Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury of the University Hospital Heidelberg. Three commercial NO enhancing products including 300 mg of the specific green tea extract VASO6 and a combination of 8 g L-citrulline malate and 3 g L-arginine hydrochloride will be examined for their potential to increase muscular perfusion in 30-male athletes between 18 and 40 years and will be compared with a placebo. On each of the 3 appointments CEUS of the dominant biceps muscle will be performed at rest and after a standardized resistance training. Every athlete receives each of the 3 supplements once after a wash-out period of at least 1 week. Perfusion will be quantified via VueBox quantification software. The results of CEUS perfusion measurements will be compared intra- and interindividually and correlated with clinical parameters. DISCUSSION The results of this study may help to establish CEUS as a suitable imaging modality for the evaluation of potentially vasodilatory drugs in the field of sports. Other supplements could also be evaluated in this way to verify the content of their advertising claims. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS), ID: DRKS00016972, registered on 25.03.2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Doll
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Franziska Bürkle
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Arndt Neide
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Stefanos Tsitlakidis
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Thomas Bruckner
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schmidmaier
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Christian Fischer
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Heidelberg University Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yamagata K. Polyphenols Regulate Endothelial Functions and Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:2443-2458. [PMID: 31333108 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190722100504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that intake of polyphenols through the consumption of vegetables and fruits reduces the risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) by potentially influencing endothelial cell function. OBJECTIVE In this review, the effects and molecular mechanisms of plant polyphenols, particularly resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and quercetin, on endothelial functions, and their putative protective effects against CVD are described. METHODS Epidemiologic studies examined the effect of the CVD risk of vegetables and the fruit. Furthermore, studies within vitro models investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms of the action of the flavonoid class of polyphenols. These findings help elucidate the effect of polyphenols on endothelial function and CVD risk reduction. RESULTS Epidemiologic and in vitro studies have demonstrated that the consumption of vegetables and fruits decreases the incidence of CVDs. Furthermore, it has also been indicated that dietary polyphenols are inversely related to the risk of CVD. Resveratrol, EGCG, and quercetin prevent oxidative stress by regulating the expression of oxidase and the antioxidant enzyme genes, contributing to the prevention of stroke, hypertension, heart failure, and ischemic heart disease. CONCLUSION High intake of dietary polyphenols may help prevent CVD. Polyphenols inhibit endothelial dysfunction and induce vascular endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation viz. redox regulation and nitric oxide production. The polyphenol-induced healthy endothelial cell function may be related to CVD prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Yamagata
- Laboratory of Molecular Health Science of Food, Department of Food Science & Technology, Nihon University (NUBS), 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The Fluid Aspect of the Mediterranean Diet in the Prevention and Management of Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes: The Role of Polyphenol Content in Moderate Consumption of Wine and Olive Oil. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112833. [PMID: 31752333 PMCID: PMC6893438 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing interest has emerged in the beneficial effects of plant-based diets for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity. The Mediterranean diet, one of the most widely evaluated dietary patterns in scientific literature, includes in its nutrients two fluid foods: olive oil, as the main source of fats, and a low-to-moderate consumption of wine, mainly red, particularly during meals. Current mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet include a reduction in inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, improvement in lipid profile, insulin sensitivity and endothelial function, as well as antithrombotic properties. Most of these effects are attributable to bioactive ingredients including polyphenols, mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids. Polyphenols are a heterogeneous group of phytochemicals containing phenol rings. The principal classes of red wine polyphenols include flavonols (quercetin and myricetin), flavanols (catechin and epicatechin), anthocyanin and stilbenes (resveratrol). Olive oil has at least 30 phenolic compounds. Among them, the main are simple phenols (tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol), secoroids and lignans. The present narrative review focuses on phenols, part of red wine and virgin olive oil, discussing the evidence of their effects on lipids, blood pressure, atheromatous plaque and glucose metabolism.
Collapse
|
8
|
Takanashi K, Suda M, Matsumoto K, Ishihara C, Toda K, Kawaguchi K, Senga S, Kobayashi N, Ichikawa M, Katoh M, Hattori Y, Kawahara SI, Umezawa K, Fujii H, Makabe H. Epicatechin oligomers longer than trimers have anti-cancer activities, but not the catechin counterparts. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7791. [PMID: 28798415 PMCID: PMC5552761 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Since procyanidins (oligomeric catechin or epicatechin) were reported to exhibit health benefits, much attention has been paid to the synthesis of these compounds, especially those that are longer than trimers. In the present study, syntheses of cinnamtannin A3 (epicatechin pentamer), A4 (epicatechin hexamer), catechin tetramer, pentamer, arecatannin A2 (epicatechin-epicatechin-epicatechin-catechin) and A3 (epicatechin-epicatechin-epicatechin-epicatechin-catechin) were achieved. The key reaction was a Lewis acid mediated equimolar condensation. The antitumor effects of these synthesized compounds against a human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) were investigated. Among the tested compounds, cinnamtannin A3, A4 and arecatannin A3, which possess epicatechin oligomers longer than tetramers as the basic scaffold, showed significant activities for suppression of cell growth, invasion and FABP5 (fatty acid-binding protein 5) gene expression. Effects on cell cycle distribution showed that cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase was induced. Furthermore, these epicatechin oligomers suppressed significantly the expression of the cancer-promoting gene, FABP5, which is related to cell proliferation and metastasis in various cancer cells. Interestingly, the suppressive activities were associated with the degree of oligomerization of epicatechin. Thus, synthetic studies clearly demonstrate that epicatechin oligomers longer than trimers have significant anti-tumorigenic activities, but not the catechin counterparts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohki Takanashi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Sciences of Functional Foods, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Manato Suda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Sciences of Functional Foods, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Kiriko Matsumoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Chisato Ishihara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Kazuya Toda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kawaguchi
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Shogo Senga
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Narumi Kobayashi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Ichikawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Sciences of Functional Foods, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Miyuki Katoh
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Sciences of Functional Foods, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Yasunao Hattori
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichi Kawahara
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Koji Umezawa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan.,Department of Interdisciplinary Genome Sciences and Cell Metabolism, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujii
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan. .,Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan. .,Department of Interdisciplinary Genome Sciences and Cell Metabolism, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan.
| | - Hidefumi Makabe
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Sciences of Functional Foods, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan. .,Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan. .,Department of Interdisciplinary Genome Sciences and Cell Metabolism, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nunes MA, Pimentel F, Costa AS, Alves RC, Oliveira MBP. Cardioprotective properties of grape seed proanthocyanidins: An update. Trends Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
10
|
Costa MF, Jesus TI, Lopes BRP, Angolini CFF, Montagnolli A, Gomes LDP, Pereira GS, Ruiz ALTG, Carvalho JE, Eberlin MN, dos Santos C, Toledo KA. Eugenia aurata and Eugenia punicifolia HBK inhibit inflammatory response by reducing neutrophil adhesion, degranulation and NET release. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:403. [PMID: 27770779 PMCID: PMC5075401 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eugenia spp. are used in popular medicine in the treatment of pain, diabetes, intestinal disorders and cough. The aim of the work is to evaluate, ex vivo and in vivo, the anti-inflammatory activity of the hydroethanolic extracts of the leaves of Eugenia aurata (EA) and Eugenia punicifolia HBK (EP) upon neutrophils. METHODS Ex vivo, isolated human neutrophils were sensitized by Eugenia extracts (0.1-1000 μg/mL) and stimulated by PMA. In these conditions, different neutrophil activities related to inflammatory process were measured: adhesion, degranulation and NET release. Neutrophil viability and tumor line cells were monitored. In vivo, neutrophil influx was evaluated by peritonitis model performed in mice pretreated with different concentrations of Eugenia extracts. Phytochemical profile was assessed by mass spectrometry. RESULTS Ex vivo, EA and EP (1000 μg/mL) reduced cell adhesion and degranulation, respectively. NET release was inhibited by EA and EP. Anti-inflammatory activities occurred in the absence of cytotoxicity. In vivo, both EA as EP inhibited neutrophil migration. The phytochemical profile revealed that EA contains myricitrin, rutin, quinic acid and quercetin derivatives. EP presents gallic acid, quercetin derivatives, syringic acid, ellagic acid, monogalloyl-glucose, glycosyringic acid, mudanoside B, HHDP glucose isomer and digalloylglucose isomer. EA and EP inhibit neutrophil migration by different pathways. CONCLUSION Different chemical compositions may explain the anti-inflammatory effects described herein for EA and EP. Both extracts inhibit NET release but only EA reduces cell adhesion whereas EP decreases elastase secretion. This work contributes to the elucidation of cellular mechanisms related to the anti-inflammatory activity for leaves of E. aurata and E. punicifolia HBK.
Collapse
|
11
|
Padumadasa C, Dharmadana D, Abeysekera A, Thammitiyagodage M. In vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of ethyl acetate soluble proanthocyanidins of the inflorescence of Cocos nucifera L. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:345. [PMID: 27595601 PMCID: PMC5011879 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1335-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Proanthocyanidins belong to a class of polyphenolic compounds called flavonoids and have been reported to exhibit important biological activities. The immature inflorescence of Cocos nucifera L. is used by Ayurvedic and traditional medical practitioners for the treatment of menorrhagia in Sri Lanka. Our studies have shown that the inflorescence of Cocos nucifera L. predominantly contains proanthocyanidins. Objective To determine the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of ethyl acetate soluble proanthocyanidins (EASPA) of immature inflorescence of Cocos nucifera L. Methods EASPA fraction of an acetone/water (7:3) extract of Cocos nucifera L. inflorescence was purified on Sephadex LH-20 and was used for the study. Antioxidant activity of EASPA was determined using DPPH and SOR scavenging assays. Anti-inflammatory activity of EASPA was determined by oxidative burst assay using chemiluminescence technique. MTT colorimetric assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of EASPA to both PC3 and HeLa cells. Results EASPA showed radical scavenging activity against both DPPH and superoxide radicals with IC50 values of 11.02 ± 0.60 μg/mL and 26.11 ± 0.72 μg/mL. In both assays, EASPA showed less antioxidant activity than the standards used. It exhibited similar anti-inflammatory activity (IC50 = 10.31 ± 1.11 μg/mL) to ibuprofen (IC50 = 11.20 ± 1.90 μg/mL) (P ≥ 0.05). EASPA also showed stronger cytotoxic activity towards Hela cells (IC50 = 18.78 ± 0.90 μg/mL) than tamoxifen (IC50 = 28.80 ± 1.94 μg/mL) (P ≤ 0.05), while low cytotoxicity was observed against PC3 cells (IC50 = 44.21 ± 0.73 μg/mL) compared to doxorubicin (IC50 = 1.38 ± 0.16 μg/mL). Conclusion EASPA showed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities.
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Li X, Wang Y, Sun Q, Xu B, Yang Z, Wang X. Molecularly Imprinted Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction for the Determination of Triazine Herbicides in Grape Seeds by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 54:871-7. [PMID: 27013667 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imprinting technique, regarded as one of the current state-of-the-art researches, was incorporated with the simple dispersive solid-phase extraction (MI-DSPE) in this work for the extraction of triazine herbicides in grape seeds. The atrazine molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were successfully prepared and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The imprinting particles were used as the adsorbent in DSPE. Thus, a simple, rapid and selective method based on MIPs coupled with DSPE was established for the simultaneous cleaning-up and quantitative extraction of four triazine herbicides in grape seeds. The experiment parameters, including type of washing solvents, washing time and type of eluting solvents, were investigated and optimized. The performance of the present method was validated by high-performance liquid chromatography. Good linear responses were obtained in concentration range of 0.010-5.0 µg g(-1)with correlation coefficients (r(2)) higher than 0.9993. The recoveries at two spiked levels (1.0 and 2.0 µg g(-1)) were between 81.2 and 113.0% with relative deviations ranging from 1.2 to 10.7%. The limits of detection were ranged between 0.006 and 0.013 µg g(-1), which were lower than the values required by European regulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinpei Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Yuanpeng Wang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Qun Sun
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Zhaoqing Yang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Xinghua Wang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Neilson AP, O'Keefe SF, Bolling BW. High-Molecular-Weight Proanthocyanidins in Foods: Overcoming Analytical Challenges in Pursuit of Novel Dietary Bioactive Components. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2015; 7:43-64. [PMID: 26735794 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-022814-015604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PACs) are an abundant but complex class of polyphenols found in foods and botanicals. PACs are polymeric flavanols with a variety of linkages and subunits. Connectivity and degree of polymerization (DP) determine PAC bioavailability and bioactivity. Current quantitative and qualitative methods may ignore a large percentage of dietary PACs. Subsequent correlations between intake and activity are hindered by a lack of understanding of the true PAC complexity in many foods. Additionally, estimates of dietary intakes are likely inaccurate, as nutrient databank values are largely based on standards from cocoa (monomers to decamers) and blueberries (mean DP of 36). Improved analytical methodologies are needed to increase our understanding of the biological roles of these complex compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Neilson
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060; ,
| | - Sean F O'Keefe
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060; ,
| | - Bradley W Bolling
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Khan NQ, Patel B, Kang SS, Dhariwal SK, Husain F, Wood EG, Pothecary MR, Corder R. Regulation of vascular endothelial function by red wine procyanidins: implications for cardiovascular health. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
16
|
Zak RB, Camic CL, Hill EC, Monaghan MM, Kovacs AJ, Wright GA. Acute effects of an arginine-based supplement on neuromuscular, ventilatory, and metabolic fatigue thresholds during cycle ergometry. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2014; 40:379-85. [PMID: 25781198 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of an acute dose of an arginine-based supplement on the physical working capacity at the fatigue threshold (PWCFT), lactate threshold (LT), ventilatory threshold (VT), and peak oxygen uptake during incremental cycle ergometry. This study used a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, within-subjects crossover design. Nineteen untrained men (mean age ± SD = 22.0 ± 1.7 years) were randomly assigned to ingest either the supplement (3.0 g of arginine, 300 mg of grape seed extract, and 300 mg of polyethylene glycol) or placebo (microcrystalline cellulose) and performed an incremental test on a cycle ergometer for determination of PWCFT, LT, VT, and peak oxygen uptake. Following a 1-week period, the subjects returned to the laboratory and ingested the opposite substance (either supplement or placebo) prior to completing another incremental test to be reassessed for PWCFT, LT, VT, and peak oxygen uptake. The paired-samples t tests indicated there were significant (P < 0.05) mean differences between the arginine and placebo conditions for the PWCFT (192 ± 42 vs. 168 ± 53 W, respectively) and VT (2546 ± 313 vs. 2452 ± 342 mL·min(-1)), but not the LT (135 ± 26 vs. 138 ± 22 W), absolute peak oxygen uptake (3663 ± 445 vs. 3645 ± 438 mL·min(-1)), or relative peak oxygen uptake (46.5 ± 6.0 vs. 46.2 ± 5.0 mL·kg(-1)·min(-1)). These findings suggested that the arginine-based supplement may be used on an acute basis for delaying the onset of neuromuscular fatigue (i.e., PWCFT) and improving the VT in untrained individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roksana B Zak
- Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang H, Zhang C, Lu D, Shu X, Zhu L, Qi R, So KF, Lu D, Xu Y. Oligomeric proanthocyanidin protects retinal ganglion cells against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Neural Regen Res 2014; 8:2317-26. [PMID: 25206541 PMCID: PMC4146041 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.25.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The death of retinal ganglion cells is a hallmark of many optic neurodegenerative diseases such as glaucoma and retinopathy. Oxidative stress is one of the major reasons to cause the cell death. Oligomeric proanthocyanidin has many health beneficial effects including antioxidative and neuroprotective actions. Here we tested whether oligomeric proanthocyanidin may protect retinal ganglion cells against oxidative stress induced-apoptosis in vitro. Retinal ganglion cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide with or without oligomeric proanthocyanidin. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay showed that treating retinal ganglion cell line RGC-5 cells with 20 μmol/L oligomeric proanthocyanidin significantly decreased the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced death. Results of flow cytometry and Hoechst staining demonstrated that the death of RGC-5 cells was mainly caused by cell apoptosis. We further found that expression of pro-apoptotic Bax and caspase-3 were significantly decreased while anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 was greatly increased in H2O2 damaged RGC-5 cells with oligomeric proanthocyanidin by western blot assay. Furthermore, in retinal explant culture, the number of surviving retinal ganglion cells in H2O2-damaged retinal ganglion cells with oligomeric proanthocyanidin was significantly increased. Our studies thus demonstrate that oligomeric proanthocyanidin can protect oxidative stress-injured retinal ganglion cells by inhibiting apoptotic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chanjuan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoming Shu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lihong Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Renbing Qi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Daxiang Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying Xu
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on menopausal symptoms, body composition, and cardiovascular parameters in middle-aged women. Menopause 2014; 21:990-6. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
19
|
Kruger MJ, Davies N, Myburgh KH, Lecour S. Proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins and cardiovascular diseases. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
20
|
Yu BS, Choi MS, Lim DY. Depressor action and vasorelaxation of methylene chloride fraction extracted from Rubus coreanum. Clin Hypertens 2014; 20:6. [PMID: 26893911 PMCID: PMC4745144 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-014-0006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The present study was designed to examine whether methylene chloride (CH2Cl2) fraction extracted from Rubus coreanum affects the contractility of the isolated thoracic aortic strips and blood pressure of normotensive rats. Methods One of the common carotid arteries or of the femoral arteries was catheterized with a polyethylene tubing. The tubing was connected to a pressure transducer, and pulse of the mean arterial blood pressure was recorded on a biological polygraph continuously. Results The CH2Cl2 fraction (range, 200 to 800 μg/mL) significantly depressed both phenylephrine (PE, 10 μM)- and high K+ (56 mM)-induced contractile responses of the isolated thoracic aortic strips in a concentration-dependent fashion. In the simultaneous presence of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) (an inhibitor of nitric oxide [NO] synthase, 300 μM) and the CH2Cl2 fraction (400 μg/mL), both PE- and high K+-induced contractile responses were recovered to the significant level of the corresponding control response in comparison with inhibition of CH2Cl2 fraction treatment alone. Moreover, in the simultaneous presence of the CH2Cl2 fraction after pretreatment with 0.4% CHAPS (3-[(3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulfonate), both PE- and high K+-induced contractile responses were recovered to the significant level of the corresponding control response compared to the inhibitory response of CH2Cl2 fraction treatment alone. Also, in anesthetized rats, the CH2Cl2 fraction (range, 0.3 to 3.0 mg/kg) injected into a femoral vein dose-dependently produced depressor responses. This hypotensive action of the CH2Cl2 fraction was greatly inhibited after treatment with phentolamine (1 mg/kg), chlorisondamine (1 mg/kg), L-NAME (3 mg/kg/30 min), or sodium nitroprusside (30 μg/kg/30 min). Intravenous infusion of the CH2Cl2 fraction (range, 1.0 to 10.0 mg/kg/30 min) markedly inhibited norepinephrine-induced pressor responses. Discussion Taken together, these results demonstrate that the CH2Cl2 fraction causes vascular relaxation in the isolated rat thoracic aortic strips as well as hypotensive action in anesthetized rats. These vasorelaxation and hypotension of the CH2Cl2 fraction seem to be mediated at least by the increased NO production through the activation of NO synthase of the vascular endothelium and the inhibitory adrenergic modulation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40885-014-0006-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Sik Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Mee-Sung Choi
- Department of Leisure and Sport, College of Public Health and Welfare, Dongshin University, Naju, Korea
| | - Dong-Yoon Lim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kaufeld AM, Pertz HH, Kolodziej H. 2,3-cis-procyanidins elicit endothelium-dependent relaxation in porcine coronary arteries via activation of the PI3/Akt kinase signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:9609-9616. [PMID: 24032351 DOI: 10.1021/jf402460m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols including procyanidins have been reported to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, polyphenolic extracts represent complex mixtures, and detailed information on their chemical composition is commonly lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of a highly purified and chemically defined 2,3-cis-procyanidin sample (di- to hexameric [4β,8]-linked oligomers) from Nelia meyeri to relax coronary arteries and to get insight into the underlying mechanisms. The procyanidins produced a concentration-dependent relaxation in endothelium-intact vascular rings by activation of the NO and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-signaling pathway via PI3/Akt kinase in a redox-sensitive manner, with O2(-) as key species predominantly produced by xanthine oxidase and NADPH oxidase. Our observations in tissue bath studies were confirmed by Western blotting; 2,3-cis-procyanidins induced phosphorylation of eNOS and Akt in a ROS-dependent manner. These findings provide a basis for comparing the relaxant response and mode of action with that of structurally related proanthocyanidins. Our results may contribute to a better understanding of the potential link between the beneficial effects of proanthocyanidins on vascular health and their broad distribution in many fruits, natural food sources, and foodstuffs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurica M Kaufeld
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Freie Universität Berlin , Königin-Luise-Strasse 2, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Alhosin M, Anselm E, Rashid S, Kim JH, Madeira SVF, Bronner C, Schini-Kerth VB. Redox-sensitive up-regulation of eNOS by purple grape juice in endothelial cells: role of PI3-kinase/Akt, p38 MAPK, JNK, FoxO1 and FoxO3a. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57883. [PMID: 23533577 PMCID: PMC3606366 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular protective effect of grape-derived polyphenols has been attributable, in part, to their direct action on blood vessels by stimulating the endothelial formation of nitric oxide (NO). The aim of the present study was to determine whether Concord grape juice (CGJ), which contains high levels of polyphenols, stimulates the expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in porcine coronary artery endothelial cells and, if so, to determine the signaling pathway involved. CGJ dose- and time-dependently increased eNOS mRNA and protein levels and this effect is associated with an increased formation of NO in endothelial cells. The stimulatory effect of CGJ on eNOS mRNA is not associated with an increased eNOS mRNA stability and inhibited by antioxidants such as MnTMPyP, PEG-catalase, and catalase, and by wortmannin (an inhibitor of PI3-kinase), SB 203580 (an inhibitor of p38 MAPK), and SP 600125 (an inhibitor of JNK). Moreover, CGJ induced the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in endothelial cells and this effect is inhibited by MnTMPyP, PEG-catalase, and catalase. The CGJ-induced the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and JNK kinases is abolished by MnTMPyP. CGJ induced phosphorylation of transcription factors FoxO1 and FoxO3a, which regulate negatively eNOS expression, and this effect is prevented by MnTMPyP, PEG-catalase, wortmannin, SB203580 and SP600125. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay indicated that the FoxO3a protein is associated with the eNOS promoter in control cells and that CGJ induced its dissociation. Thus, the present study indicates that CGJ up-regulates the expression of eNOS mRNA and protein leading to an increased formation of NO in endothelial cells. The stimulatory effect of CGJ is a redox-sensitive event involving PI3-kinase/Akt, p38 MAPK and JNK pathways, and the inactivation of the FoxO transcription factors, FoxO1 and FoxO3a, thereby preventing their repression of the eNOS gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Alhosin
- CNRS UMR 7213 Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Quintieri AM, Baldino N, Filice E, Seta L, Vitetti A, Tota B, De Cindio B, Cerra MC, Angelone T. Malvidin, a red wine polyphenol, modulates mammalian myocardial and coronary performance and protects the heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 24:1221-31. [PMID: 23266283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A moderate red wine consumption and a colored fruit-rich diet protect the cardiovascular system, thanks to the presence of several polyphenols. Malvidin-3-0-glucoside (malvidin), an anthocyanidine belonging to polyphenols, is highly present in red grape skin and red wine. Its biological activity is poorly characterized, although a role in tumor cell inhibition has been found. To analyze whether and to which extent, like other food-derived polyphenols, malvidin affects the cardiovascular function, in this study, we have performed a quantitative analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography of polyphenolic content of red grape skins extract, showing that it contains a high malvidin amount (63.93 ±12.50 mg/g of fresh grape skin). By using the isolated and Langendorff perfused rat heart, we found that the increasing doses (1-1000 ng/ml) of the extract induced positive inotropic and negative lusitropic effects associated with coronary dilation. On the same cardiac preparations, we observed that malvidin (10(-10)-10(-6) mol/L) elicited negative inotropism and lusitropism and coronary dilation. Analysis of mechanism of action revealed that malvidin-dependent cardiac effects require the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP/PKG pathway and are associated with increased intracellular cGMP and the phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), PI3K-AKT, ERK1/2, and GSK-3β. AKT and eNOS phosphorylation was confirmed in human umbilical vein endothelial cell. We also found that malvidin act as a postconditioning agent, being able to elicit cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion damages. Our results show the cardioactivity of polyphenols-rich red grape extracts and indicate malvidin as a new cardioprotective principle. This is of relevance not only for a better clarification of the beneficial cardiovascular effects of food-derived polyphenols but also for nutraceutical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Quintieri
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rodriguez-Rodriguez R, Justo ML, Claro CM, Vila E, Parrado J, Herrera MD, Alvarez de Sotomayor M. Endothelium-dependent vasodilator and antioxidant properties of a novel enzymatic extract of grape pomace from wine industrial waste. Food Chem 2012; 135:1044-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
25
|
da Costa CA, de Oliveira PRB, de Bem GF, de Cavalho LCRM, Ognibene DT, da Silva AFE, dos Santos Valença S, Pires KMP, da Cunha Sousa PJ, de Moura RS, Resende AC. Euterpe oleracea Mart.-derived polyphenols prevent endothelial dysfunction and vascular structural changes in renovascular hypertensive rats: role of oxidative stress. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2012; 385:1199-209. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-012-0798-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
26
|
Antihypertensive effect of boysenberry seed polyphenols on spontaneously hypertensive rats and identification of orally absorbable proanthocyanidins with vasorelaxant activity. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2012; 76:1694-701. [PMID: 22972352 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.120302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The antihypertensive effect of a single oral administration of a boysenberry seed polyphenol extract to spontaneously hypertensive rats was evaluated at different doses (100 and 200 mg/kg), and a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) was observed up to 6 h post administration. The extract was separated into proanthocyanidin-rich and ellagitannin fractions by solvent partition. A significant decrease in SBP was observed only after administering the proanthocyanidin-rich fraction, and this decrease was abolished by an N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) injection. An analysis of the orally absorbable components showed that intact dimeric and trimeric procyanidins and propelargonidins were detectable in the plasma with a maximal concentration 2 h post administration. The vasorelaxant activity of the extract was also confirmed by in vitro assay using rat aorta rings. These results suggest that proanthocyanidins (PAs) in boysenberry seeds may have played an important role in the observed antihypertensive effect.
Collapse
|
27
|
Bordiga M, Coïsson JD, Locatelli M, Arlorio M, Travaglia F. Pyrogallol: an Alternative Trapping Agent in Proanthocyanidins Analysis. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-012-9427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
28
|
Emiliano AF, de Cavalho LCRM, da Silva Cristino Cordeiro V, da Costa CA, de Oliveira PBR, Queiroz EF, Col Moreira DD, Boaventura GT, de Moura RS, Resende AC. Metabolic disorders and oxidative stress programming in offspring of rats fed a high-fat diet during lactation: effects of a vinifera grape skin (ACH09) extract. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2012; 58:319-28. [PMID: 21697730 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e3182244a51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of Vitis vinifera grape skin ACH09 extract (ACH09) on metabolic disorders and oxidative stress in adult offspring of rats fed a high-fat diet (HF) during lactation. Four groups of female rats were fed: control diet (7% fat); ACH09 (7% fat + 200 mg·kg·d ACH09 orally); HF (24% fat); HF+ ACH09 (24% fat + 200 mg·kg·d ACH09 orally) during lactation. From weaning onward, all female offspring were fed a control diet and killed when they were 90 or 180 days old. Systolic blood pressure was increased in adult offspring of HF-fed dams, and ACH09 prevented hypertension. Increased adiposity, plasma triglyceride, glucose levels, and insulin resistance were observed in offspring from both ages, and these changes were reversed by ACH09. The plasma oxidative damage assessed by malondialdehyde levels was increased, and nitrite levels decreased in the HF group of both ages, which were reversed by ACH09. In addition, ACH09 restored the decreased plasma and mesenteric artery antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in the HF group. In conclusion, ACH09 protected normally fed offspring of HF-fed dams during lactation from phenotypic and metabolic characteristics of metabolic syndrome providing an alternative nutritional resource for the prevention of metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
|
29
|
Sarnoski PJ, Johnson JV, Reed KA, Tanko JM, O’Keefe SF. Separation and characterisation of proanthocyanidins in Virginia type peanut skins by LC–MSn. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
30
|
Agackiran Y, Gul H, Gunay E, Akyurek N, Memis L, Gunay S, Sirin YS, Ide T. The Efficiency of Proanthocyanidin in an Experimental Pulmonary Fibrosis Model: Comparison with Taurine. Inflammation 2012; 35:1402-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-012-9453-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
31
|
Pozo-Bayón MÁ, Monagas M, Bartolomé B, Moreno-Arribas MV. Wine features related to safety and consumer health: an integrated perspective. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2012; 52:31-54. [PMID: 21991989 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2010.489398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This review presents a global view of the current situation of the scientific knowledge about aspects of wine with possible repercussions (positive or negative) on consumer health and wine safety. The presence in wine of some potential harmful compounds such as phytosanitary products, trace metal compounds, sulfites, and some toxics of microbial origin, such as ochratoxin A, ethyl carbamate, and biogenic amines, is discussed. The different strategies and alternative methodologies that are being carried out to reduce or to avoid the presence of these substances in wines are also discussed. In recent years much work has focused on establishing the scientific explanations for the positive biological effects of some wine compounds. In this review, we also examine the latest knowledge regarding wine and health, focusing on two types of compounds that have been related to the positive effects of moderate wine consumption, such as phenolic compounds and bioactive peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ángeles Pozo-Bayón
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lim HJ, Min SY, Woo ER, Lim DY. Inhibitory Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Fraction Extracted from Rubus coreanum M on Thoracic Aortic Contractility of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2011. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2011.19.4.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
|
33
|
Kivimäki AS, Ehlers PI, Turpeinen AM, Vapaatalo H, Korpela R. Lingonberry juice improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation of mesenteric arteries in spontaneously hypertensive rats in a long-term intervention. J Funct Foods 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2011.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
|
34
|
Antihypertensive and vasorelaxant effects of water-soluble proanthocyanidins from persimmon leaf tea in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2011; 75:1435-9. [PMID: 21821959 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The antihypertensive and vasorelaxant effects of water-soluble proanthocyanidins, extracted in persimmon leaf tea, were investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats, rat aortas, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Oral administration of proanthocyanidins significantly decreased the systolic blood pressure of the rats after 4 h, as compared with distilled water controls. A vasorelaxant effect on rat aortas was induced by proanthocyanidins, and it was abolished by removal of the endothelium and inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and soluble guanylyl cyclase activity. The phosphorylation levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (Ser-1177) and the upstream kinase Akt (Ser-473) in umbilical cells also increased in a time-dependent manner after the addition of a proanthocyanidin-rich fraction. These results suggest that the antihypertensive effect of proanthocyanidins in persimmon leaf tea is due to vasorelaxation via an endothelium-dependent nitric oxide/cGMP pathway, and that proanthocyanidins might be useful in dietary lowering of blood pressure.
Collapse
|
35
|
Auger C, Kim JH, Trinh S, Chataigneau T, Popken AM, Schini-Kerth VB. Fruit juice-induced endothelium-dependent relaxations in isolated porcine coronary arteries: evaluation of different fruit juices and purees and optimization of a red fruit juice blend. Food Funct 2011; 2:245-50. [PMID: 21779562 DOI: 10.1039/c1fo10040h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have indicated that several polyphenol-rich sources such as red wine and green tea are potent inducers of endothelium-dependent relaxations in isolated arteries. As various fruits and berries are known to contain high levels of polyphenols, the aim of the present study was to assess the ability of selected pure fruit juices and purees as well as blends to cause endothelium-dependent relaxations in isolated arteries. Vascular reactivity was assessed using porcine coronary artery rings, and fruit juices, purees and blends were characterized for their content in vitamin C, total phenolic, sugar and antioxidant activity. Fruit juices and purees caused variable concentration-dependent relaxations, with blackcurrant, aronia, cranberry, blueberry, lingonberry, and grape being the most effective fruits. Several blends of red fruits caused endothelium-dependent relaxations. Relaxations to blend D involved both a NO- and an EDHF-mediated components. The present findings indicate that some berries and blends of red fruit juices are potent inducers of endothelium-dependent relaxations in the porcine coronary artery. This effect involves both endothelium-derived NO and EDHF, and appears to be dependent on their polyphenolic composition rather than on the polyphenolic content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Auger
- UMR CNRS 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jin Y, Alimbetov D, George T, Gordon MH, Lovegrove JA. A randomised trial to investigate the effects of acute consumption of a blackcurrant juice drink on markers of vascular reactivity and bioavailability of anthocyanins in human subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr 2011; 65:849-56. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
37
|
An ethanolic extract of Lindera obtusiloba stems causes NO-mediated endothelium-dependent relaxations in rat aortic rings and prevents angiotensin II-induced hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2011; 383:635-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-011-0643-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
38
|
Effects of an Extract Obtained From Fruits of Euterpe oleracea Mart. in the Components of Metabolic Syndrome Induced in C57BL/6J Mice Fed a High-fat Diet. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2010; 56:619-26. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e3181f78da4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
39
|
Abstract
Lysimachia clethroides is widely used in traditional herbal medicine for many purposes, especially for blood vessel-related diseases in Korea and East Asia. Experiments were undertaken to determine whether hydro-alcoholic extract obtained from L. clethroides (LCE) has vasorelaxant activity in the rat aorta rings and, if so, to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Rat aorta rings were suspended in organ chambers for the measurement of changes in isometric tension in the presence or absence of several inhibitors. LCE induced endothelium-dependent vasodilation (ED50 = 6.1 mug/mL) and that was abolished by nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine, and guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, 1H-[1,2,4] oxadiazolo [4,3-a] quinoxalin-1-one, PI3-kinase inhibitor, wortmannin, and cell permeable superoxide dismutase. In addition, LCE decreased vessels contraction by phenylephrine. Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, indometacin, and inhibitors of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor, charybdotoxin plus apamin, did not affect vasodilatory effect of LCE. In cultured endothelial cells, LCE-induced phosphorylation of serine 1177-endothelial nitric oxide synthase and serine 473-Akt. LCE inhibited strongly nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity in smooth muscle cells and angiotensin II-induced contraction of rat aorta. Finally, increased oxidative stress in rat aorta-induced by angiotensin II is ameliorated by LCE. Taken together, LCE induces an endothelium-dependent vasodilation and might be involved, at least in part, the activation of the nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway. In addition, LCE decreases oxidative stress in aorta by inhibition of NADPH oxidase activity. The present findings indicate that LCE could be a candidate of herbal medicine for cardiovascular diseases associated with disturbed NO production and endothelial dysfunction.
Collapse
|
40
|
Camic CL, Housh TJ, Mielke M, Zuniga JM, Hendrix CR, Johnson GO, Schmidt RJ, Housh DJ. The effects of 4 weeks of an arginine-based supplement on the gas exchange threshold and peak oxygen uptake. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2010; 35:286-93. [DOI: 10.1139/h10-019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of the daily administration of an arginine-based supplement for 4 weeks on the gas exchange threshold (GET) and peak oxygen uptake. The study used a double-blind, placebo-controlled design. Forty-one college-aged males (mean age ± SD = 22.1 ± 2.4 years) were randomized into either the PLACEBO (n = 20) or ARGININE (n = 21) group. The placebo was microcrystalline cellulose. The ARGININE group ingested 3.0 g of arginine, 300 mg of grape seed extract, and 300 mg of polyethylene glycol. All subjects performed an incremental test to exhaustion on a cycle ergometer prior to supplementation (PRE) and after 4 weeks of supplementation (POST). The GET was determined by using the V-slope method of the carbon dioxide output vs. oxygen uptake relationship. The results indicated that there were significant mean increases (PRE to POST) in GET (4.1%), as well as in carbon dioxide output (4.3%) and power output (5.4%) at the GET for the ARGININE group, but no significant changes for the PLACEBO group (2.5%, 4.3%, and 3.9%, respectively). In addition, there were no significant changes in peak oxygen uptake for the ARGININE (–1.0%) or PLACEBO (–1.5%) groups. These findings supported the use of the arginine-based supplement for increasing GET and the associated power output, but not for increasing peak oxygen uptake during cycle ergometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clayton L. Camic
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Terry J. Housh
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Michelle Mielke
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Jorge M. Zuniga
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - C. Russell Hendrix
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Glen O. Johnson
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Richard J. Schmidt
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Dona J. Housh
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Auger C, Chaabi M, Anselm E, Lobstein A, Schini-Kerth VB. The red wine extract-induced activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase is mediated by a great variety of polyphenolic compounds. Mol Nutr Food Res 2010; 54 Suppl 2:S171-83. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200900602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
42
|
Camic CL, Housh TJ, Zuniga JM, Hendrix RC, Mielke M, Johnson GO, Schmidt RJ. Effects of Arginine-Based Supplements on the Physical Working Capacity at the Fatigue Threshold. J Strength Cond Res 2010; 24:1306-12. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181d68816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
43
|
Yoon G, Oak MH, Lee JO, Cheon SH. Semisynthesis of Licochalcone E and Biological Evaluation as Vasorelaxant Agents. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.04.1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
44
|
Schini-Kerth VB, Auger C, Kim JH, Etienne-Selloum N, Chataigneau T. Nutritional improvement of the endothelial control of vascular tone by polyphenols: role of NO and EDHF. Pflugers Arch 2010; 459:853-62. [PMID: 20224869 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-010-0806-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2009] [Revised: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/13/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies indicate that regular intake of polyphenol-rich beverages (red wine and tea) and foods (chocolate, fruit, and vegetables) is associated with a protective effect on the cardiovascular system in humans and animals. Beyond the well-known antioxidant properties of polyphenols, several other mechanisms have been shown to contribute to their beneficial cardiovascular effects. Indeed, both experimental and clinical studies indicate that polyphenols improve the ability of endothelial cells to control vascular tone. Experiments with isolated arteries have shown that polyphenols cause nitric oxide (NO)-mediated endothelium-dependent relaxations and increase the endothelial formation of NO. The polyphenol-induced NO formation is due to the redox-sensitive activation of the phosphatidylinositol3-kinase/Akt pathway leading to endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activation subsequent to its phosphorylation on Ser 1177. Besides the phosphatidylinositol3-kinase/Akt pathway, polyphenols have also been shown to activate eNOS by increasing the intracellular free calcium concentration and by activating estrogen receptors in endothelial cells. In addition to causing a rapid and sustained activation of eNOS by phosphorylation, polyphenols can increase the expression level of eNOS in endothelial cells leading to an increased formation of NO. Moreover, the polyphenol-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation also involves endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor, besides NO, in several types of arteries. Altogether, polyphenols have the capacity to improve the endothelial control of vascular tone not only in several experimental models of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension but also in healthy and diseased humans. Thus, these experimental and clinical studies highlight the potential of polyphenol-rich sources to provide vascular protection in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie B Schini-Kerth
- UMR CNRS 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, route du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Red wine polyphenols cause growth inhibition and apoptosis in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells by inducing a redox-sensitive up-regulation of p73 and down-regulation of UHRF1. Eur J Cancer 2010; 46:983-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2009.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2009] [Revised: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
46
|
Schini-Kerth VB, Auger C, Etienne-Selloum N, Chataigneau T. Polyphenol-induced endothelium-dependent relaxations role of NO and EDHF. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2010; 60:133-75. [PMID: 21081218 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385061-4.00006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet has been associated with greater longevity and quality of life in epidemiological studies. Indeed, because of the abundance of fruits and vegetables and a moderate consumption of wine, the Mediterranean diet provides high amounts of polyphenols thought to be essential bioactive compounds that might provide health benefits in terms of cardiovascular diseases and mortality. Several polyphenol-rich sources, such as grape-derived products, cocoa, and tea, have been shown to decrease mean blood pressure in patients with hypertension. The improvement of the endothelial function is likely to be one of the mechanisms by which polyphenols may confer cardiovascular protection. Indeed, polyphenols are able to induce nitric oxide (NO)-mediated endothelium-dependent relaxations in a large number of arteries including the coronary artery; they can also induce endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated relaxations in some of these arteries. Altogether, these mechanisms might contribute to explain the antihypertensive and cardio-protective effects of polyphenols in vivo. The aim of this review was to provide a nonexhaustive analysis of the effect of several polyphenol-rich sources and isolated compounds on the endothelium in in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models as well as in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie B Schini-Kerth
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, UMR 7213 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yu BS, Na DM, Kang MY, Lim DY. Polyphenols of Rubus coreanum Inhibit Catecholamine Secretion from the Perfused Adrenal Medulla of SHRs. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2009; 13:517-26. [PMID: 20054501 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2009.13.6.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Revised: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study was attempted to investigate whether polyphenolic compounds isolated from wine, which is brewed from Rubus coreanum Miquel (PCRC), may affect the release of catecholamines (CA) from the isolated perfused adrenal medulla of the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), and to establish its mechanism of action. PCRC (20~180 microg/ml) perfused into an adrenal vein for 90 min relatively dose-dependently inhibited the CA secretory responses to ACh (5.32 mM), high K(+) (56 mM), DMPP (100 microM) and McN-A-343 (100 microM). PCRC itself did not affect basal CA secretion (data not shown). Also, in the presence of PCRC (60 microg/ml), the CA secretory responses to veratridine (a selective Na(+) channel activator (10 microM), Bay-K-8644 (a L-type dihydropyridine Ca(2+) channel activator, 10 microM), and cyclopiazonic acid (a cytoplasmic Ca(2+) -ATPase inhibitor, 10 microM) were significantly reduced, respectively. In the simultaneous presence of PCRC (60 microg/ml) and L-NAME (an inhibitor of NO synthase, 30 microM), the inhibitory responses of PCRC on the CA secretion evoked by ACh, high K(+), DMPP, and Bay-K-8644 were considerably recovered to the extent of the corresponding control secretion compared with that of PCRC-treatment alone. The level of NO released from adrenal medulla after the treatment of PCRC (60 microg/ml) was greatly elevated compared with the corresponding basal level. Taken together, these results demonstrate that PCRC inhibits the CA secretion from the isolated perfused adrenal medulla of the SHRs evoked by stimulation of cholinergic receptors as well as by direct membrane-depolarization. It seems that this inhibitory effect of PCRC is mediated by blocking the influx of calcium and sodium into the adrenal medullary chromaffin cells of the SHRs as well as by inhibition of Ca(2+) release from the cytoplasmic calcium store at least partly through the increased NO production due to the activation of NO synthase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Sik Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Sarr M, Ngom S, Kane MO, Wele A, Diop D, Sarr B, Gueye L, Andriantsitohaina R, Diallo AS. In vitro vasorelaxation mechanisms of bioactive compounds extracted from Hibiscus sabdariffa on rat thoracic aorta. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2009; 6:45. [PMID: 19883513 PMCID: PMC2777910 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-6-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we suggested characterizing the vasodilator effects and the phytochemical characteristics of a plant with food usage also used in traditional treatment of arterial high blood pressure in Senegal. METHODS Vascular effects of crude extract of dried and powdered calyces of Hibiscus sabdariffa were evaluated on isolated thoracic aorta of male Wistar rats on organ chambers. The crude extract was also enriched by liquid-liquid extraction. The various cyclohexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol extracts obtained as well as the residual marc were subjected to Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The different methanolic eluate fractions were then analyzed by Thin Layer (TLC) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and their vascular effects also evaluated. RESULTS The H. Sabdariffa crude extract induced mainly endothelium-dependent relaxant effects. The endothelium-dependent relaxations result from NOS activation and those who not dependent to endothelium from activation of smooth muscle potassium channels. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenolic acids in the ethyl acetate extract and anthocyans in the butanolic extract. The biological efficiency of the various studied extracts, in term of vasorelaxant capacity, showed that: Butanol extract > Crude extract > Residual marc > Ethyl acetate extract. These results suggest that the strong activity of the butanolic extract is essentially due to the presence of anthocyans found in its fractions 43-67. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate the vasodilator potential of hibiscus sabdariffa and contribute to his valuation as therapeutic alternative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mamadou Sarr
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Pharmaceutique, Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie et Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Xu Y, Li S, Chen R, Li G, Barish PA, You W, Chen L, Lin M, Ku B, Pan J, Ogle WO. Antidepressant-like effect of low molecular proanthocyanidin in mice: involvement of monoaminergic system. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2009; 94:447-53. [PMID: 19857512 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2009] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 10/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidin is a phenolic product present in plants which has antioxidant, antinociceptive and neuroprotective properties, without inducing significant toxicological effects. The present study tested the hypothesis that low molecular proanthocyanidin from grapes that has optimized bioavailability, would exert antidepressant-like activities in behavioral despair tests. The results suggested that oral administration proanthocyanidin at doses of 25 and 50mg/kg for 7days significantly reduced the duration of immobility in both the tail suspension and forced swimming tests. The doses that affected the immobile response did not affect locomotor activity. In addition, the neurochemical and neuropharmacological assays showed that proanthocyanidin produced a marked increase of 5-HT levels at 25 and 50mg/kg in three brain regions, the frontal cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus. Noradrenaline and dopamine levels were also increased when higher dose of proanthocyanidin (50mg/kg) administration both in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. These effects were similar to those observed for the classical antidepressant imipramine (10mg/kg, i.p.). Moreover, Our study suggested that proanthocyanidin (12.5, 25 and 50mg/kg) dose dependently inhibited monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) activity, while MAO-B inhibitory activity was also found at higher doses (25 and 50mg/kg) after 7days administration. MAO-A selective inhibitor, moclobemide (20mg/kg, i.g.) produced MAO-A inhibition of 70.5% in the mouse brain. These findings suggest that the antidepressant-like effects of proanthocyanidin may involve the central monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering and Evelyn F. & William L. Mcknight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Schmitt CA, Dirsch VM. Modulation of endothelial nitric oxide by plant-derived products. Nitric Oxide 2009; 21:77-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2009.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 05/26/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|