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Burton IW, Kompany-Zareh M, Haverstock S, Haché J, Martinez-Farina CF, Wentzell PD, Berrué F. Analysis and Discrimination of Canadian Honey Using Quantitative NMR and Multivariate Statistical Methods. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041656. [PMID: 36838644 PMCID: PMC9959790 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
To address the growing concern of honey adulteration in Canada and globally, a quantitative NMR method was developed to analyze 424 honey samples collected across Canada as part of two surveys in 2018 and 2019 led by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. Based on a robust and reproducible methodology, NMR data were recorded in triplicate on a 700 MHz NMR spectrometer equipped with a cryoprobe, and the data analysis led to the identification and quantification of 33 compounds characteristic of the chemical composition of honey. The high proportion of Canadian honey in the library provided a unique opportunity to apply multivariate statistical methods including PCA, PLS-DA, and SIMCA in order to differentiate Canadian samples from the rest of the world. Through satisfactory model validation, both PLS-DA as a discriminant modeling technique and SIMCA as a class modeling method proved to be reliable at differentiating Canadian honey from a diverse set of honeys with various countries of origins and floral types. The replacement method of optimization was successfully applied for variable selection, and trigonelline, proline, and ethanol at a lower extent were identified as potential chemical markers for the discrimination of Canadian and non-Canadian honeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian W. Burton
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Mohsen Kompany-Zareh
- Trace Analysis Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Sophie Haverstock
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Jonathan Haché
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 1400 Merivale Rd, Ottawa, ON K1A 0Y9, Canada
| | - Camilo F. Martinez-Farina
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Peter D. Wentzell
- Trace Analysis Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Fabrice Berrué
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-902-402-3995
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Vit P, van der Meulen J, Diaz M, Pedro SR, Esperança I, Zakaria R, Beckh G, Maza F, Meccia G, Engel MS. Impact of genus ( Geotrigona, Melipona, Scaptotrigona) in the targeted 1H-NMR organic profile, and authenticity test by interphase emulsion of honey processed in cerumen pots by stingless bees in Ecuador. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 6:100386. [PMID: 36846470 PMCID: PMC9947262 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The biodiversity of Ecuadorian stingless bees is almost 200 species. Traditional pot-honey harvest in Ecuador is mostly done from nests of the three genera selected here Geotrigona Moure, 1943, Melipona Illiger, 1806, and Scaptotrigona Moure, 1942. The 20 pot-honey samples collected from cerumen pots and three ethnic honeys "abeja de tierra", "bermejo", and "cushillomishki" were analyzed for qualitative and quantitative targeted 1H-NMR honey profiling, and for the Honey Authenticity Test by Interphase Emulsion (HATIE). Extensive data of targeted organic compounds (41 parameters) were identified, quantified, and described. The three honey types were compared by ANOVA. Amino acids, ethanol, hydroxymethylfurfural, aliphatic organic acids, sugars, and markers of botanical origin. The number of phases observed with the HATIE were one in Scaptotrigona and three in Geotrigona and Melipona honeys. Acetic acid (19.60 ± 1.45 g/kg) and lactic acid (24.30 ± 1.65 g/kg) were particularly high in Geotrigona honey (in contrast to 1.3 g/kg acetic acid and 1.6 g/kg lactic acid in Melipona and Scaptotrigona), and with the lowest fructose + glucose (18.39 ± 1.68) g/100g honey compared to Melipona (52.87 ± 1.75) and Scaptotrigona (52.17 ± 0.60). Three local honeys were tested using PCA (Principal Component Analysis), two were assigned with a correct declared bee origin, but "bermejo" was not a Melipona and grouped with the Scaptotrigona cluster. However after HCA (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) the three honeys were positioned in the Melipona-Scaptotrigona cluster. This research supports targeted 1H-NMR-based profiling of pot-honey metabolomics approach for multi-parameter visualization of organic compounds, as well as descriptive and pertained multivariate statistics (HCA and PCA) to discriminate the stingless bee genus in a set of Geotrigona, Melipona and Scaptotrigona honey types. The NMR characterization of Ecuadorian honey produced by stingless bees emphasizes the need for regulatory norms. A final note on stingless bee markers in pot-honey metabolites which should be screened for those that may extract phylogenetic signals from nutritional traits of honey. Scaptotrigona vitorum honey revealed biosurfactant activity in the HATIE, originating a fingerprint Honey Biosurfactant Test (HBT) for the genus in this set of pot-honeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Vit
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Bioanalysis, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, 5101, Venezuela
| | | | - Maria Diaz
- Quality Services International GmbH, 28199, Bremen, Germany
| | - Silvia R.M. Pedro
- Biology Department, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Esperança
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidad Federal de Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21945970, Brazil
| | - Rahimah Zakaria
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Gudrun Beckh
- Quality Services International GmbH, 28199, Bremen, Germany
| | - Favian Maza
- Faculty of Agricultural and Livestock Sciences, Universidad Técnica de Machala, Machala, El Oro province, Ecuador
| | - Gina Meccia
- Research Institute, Faculty of Pharmacy and Bioanalysis, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela
| | - Michael S. Engel
- Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive-Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY, 10024, USA
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3
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Lozano-Torres B, Carmen Martínez-Bisbal M, Soto J, Juan Borrás M, Martínez-Máñez R, Escriche I. Monofloral honey authentication by voltammetric electronic tongue: A comparison with 1H NMR spectroscopy. Food Chem 2022; 383:132460. [PMID: 35182878 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Proton-nuclear-magnetic-resonance-spectroscopy (1H NMR) is the widely accepted reference method for monitoring honey adulteration; however, the need to find cheaper, faster, and more environmentally friendly methodologies makes the voltammetric-electronic-tongue (VET) a good alternative. The present study aims to demonstrate the ability of VET (in comparison with 1H NMR) to predict the adulteration of honey with syrups. Samples of monofloral honeys (citrus, sunflower and heather, assessed by pollen analysis) simulating different levels of adulteration by adding syrups (barley, rice and corn) from 2.5 to 40% (w/w) were analyzed using both techniques. According to the indicators (slope, intercept, regression coefficient-R2, root mean square error of prediction-RMSEP) of the partial-least-squares (PLS) regression models, in general terms, the performance of these models obtained by both techniques was good, with an average error lower than 5% in both cases. These results support the use of VET as a screening technique to easily detect honey adulteration with syrups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Lozano-Torres
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València - Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN). Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores. Universitat Politècnica de València - Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, Torre A, Planta 6, lab 6.30, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - M Carmen Martínez-Bisbal
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València - Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN). Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores. Universitat Politècnica de València - Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, Torre A, Planta 6, lab 6.30, 46026 Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Química Física, Universitat de València, C/Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Juan Soto
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València - Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marisol Juan Borrás
- Instituto de Ingeniería de Alimentos Para el Desarrollo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València - Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN). Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores. Universitat Politècnica de València - Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, Torre A, Planta 6, lab 6.30, 46026 Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Escriche
- Instituto de Ingeniería de Alimentos Para el Desarrollo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos (DTA), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain.
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4
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Classification of Polish Natural Bee Honeys Based on Their Chemical Composition. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154844. [PMID: 35956789 PMCID: PMC9369904 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The targeted quantitative NMR (qNMR) approach is a powerful analytical tool, which can be applied to classify and/or determine the authenticity of honey samples. In our study, this technique was used to determine the chemical profiles of different types of Polish honey samples, featured by variable contents of main sugars, free amino acids, and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on concentrations of selected compounds to determine significant differences in their levels between all types of honey. For pattern recognition, principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted and good separations between all honey samples were obtained. The results of present studies allow the differentiation of honey samples based on the content of sucrose, glucose, and fructose, as well as amino acids such as tyrosine, phenylalanine, proline, and alanine. Our results indicated that the combination of qNMR with chemometric analysis may serve as a supplementary tool in specifying honeys.
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5
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Rachineni K, Rao Kakita VM, Awasthi NP, Shirke VS, Hosur RV, Chandra Shukla S. Identifying type of sugar adulterants in honey: Combined application of NMR spectroscopy and supervised machine learning classification. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:272-277. [PMID: 35141528 PMCID: PMC8816647 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful analytical tool which can be used for authenticating honey, at chemical constituent levels by enabling identification and quantification of the spectral patterns. However, it is still challenging, as it may be a person-centric analysis or a time-consuming process to analyze many honey samples in a limited time. Hence, automating the NMR spectral analysis of honey with the supervised machine learning models accelerates the analysis process and especially food chemistry researcher or food industry with non-NMR experts would benefit immensely from such advancements. Here, we have successfully demonstrated this technology by considering three major sugar adulterants, i.e., brown rice syrup, corn syrup, and jaggery syrup, in honey at varying concentrations. The necessary supervised machine learning classification analysis is performed by using logistic regression, deep learning-based neural network, and light gradient boosting machines schemes. NMR helps to identify the fingerprints of honey chemical constituents. Combined NMR and ML tools can determine the type of adulteration in honey. Supervised classification schemes, Logistic regression, DNN, and LGBM are utilized. Corn, brown rice, and jaggery adulterations are discriminated in honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Rachineni
- Export Inspection Agency – Mumbai, E-3, Industrial Area (MIDC), Andheri East, Mumbai, 400 093, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Veera Mohana Rao Kakita
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina Campus, Santacruz, Mumbai, 400 098, India
| | - Neeraj Praphulla Awasthi
- Export Inspection Agency – Mumbai, E-3, Industrial Area (MIDC), Andheri East, Mumbai, 400 093, India
| | - Vrushali Siddesh Shirke
- Export Inspection Agency – Mumbai, E-3, Industrial Area (MIDC), Andheri East, Mumbai, 400 093, India
| | - Ramakrishna V. Hosur
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina Campus, Santacruz, Mumbai, 400 098, India
| | - Satish Chandra Shukla
- Export Inspection Agency- Chennai (Head Office), 6th Floor CMDA Tower-II, No: 1 Gandhi Irwin Road, Egmore, Chennai, 600008, India
- Corresponding author.
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6
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Islam MK, Vinsen K, Sostaric T, Lim LY, Locher C. Detection of syrup adulterants in manuka and jarrah honey using HPTLC-multivariate data analysis. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12186. [PMID: 34616629 PMCID: PMC8464195 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) was used in a chemometric investigation of the derived sugar and organic extract profiles of two different honeys (Manuka and Jarrah) with adulterants. Each honey was adulterated with one of six different sugar syrups (rice, corn, golden, treacle, glucose and maple syrups) in five different concentrations (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% w/w). The chemometric analysis was based on the combined sugar and organic extract profiles’ datasets. To obtain the respective sugar profiles, the amount of fructose, glucose, maltose, and sucrose present in the honey was quantified and for the organic extract profile, the honey’s dichloromethane extract was investigated at 254 and 366 nm, as well as at T (Transmittance) white light and at 366 nm after derivatisation. The presence of sugar syrups, even at a concentration of only 10%, significantly influenced the honeys’ sugar and organic extract profiles and multivariate data analysis of these profiles, in particular cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), principal component regression (PCR), partial least-squares regression (PLSR) and Machine Learning using an artificial neural network (ANN), were able to detect post-harvest syrup adulterations and to discriminate between neat and adulterated honey samples. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis, for instance, could easily differentiate between neat and adulterated honeys through the use of CA or PCA plots. In particular the presence of excess amounts of maltose and sucrose allowed for the detection of sugar adulterants and adulterated honeys by HPTLC-multivariate data analysis. Partial least-squares regression and artificial neural networking were employed, with augmented datasets, to develop optimal calibration for the adulterated honeys and to predict those accurately, which suggests a good predictive capacity of the developed model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Khairul Islam
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kevin Vinsen
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Tomislav Sostaric
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Lee Yong Lim
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Cornelia Locher
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), Perth, WA, Australia
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7
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Bryant SJ, Bathke EK, Edler KJ. Bottom-up cubosome synthesis without organic solvents. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 601:98-105. [PMID: 34058556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Bottom-up synthesis of cubosomes is more energetically favourable than top-down approaches. However, bottom-up methods often rely on organic solvents such as ethanol as diluents, and lead to concurrent formation of liposomes. We propose using non-toxic diluents such as honey, glycerol and lactic acid for bottom-up cubosome synthesis. EXPERIMENTS Cubosomes were prepared using solutions of phytantriol in a range of diluents including choline chloride-glycerol, honey, lactic acid, glycerol, and ethanol. These solutions were added dropwise to water containing the stabiliser, poloxamer 407, following an established method of cubosome synthesis. The resulting structures were characterised using small-angle X-ray scattering, DLS and cryo-TEM. FINDINGS Cubosomes were successfully formed using a range of non-toxic diluents. This demonstrates that harmful organic solvents like ethanol are not required, and that the diluents need not be hydrotropes. Furthermore, unlike ethanol, these other diluents allowed formation of cubosomes without concurrent formation of liposomes. Given the huge potential for cubosomes in drug delivery, this new method offers a potentially useful low-cost, low-toxicity synthesis option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saffron J Bryant
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
| | - Elly K Bathke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Karen J Edler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
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8
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Mei J, Zhao F, Xu R, Huang Y. A review on the application of spectroscopy to the condiments detection: from safety to authenticity. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6374-6389. [PMID: 33739226 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1901257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Condiments are the magical ingredients that make the food present a richer taste. In recent years, due to the increasing consciousness of food safety and human health, much progress has been made in developing rapid and nondestructive techniques for the evaluation of food condiments safety, authentication, and traceability. The potential of spectroscopy techniques, such as near-infrared (NIR), mid-infrared (MIR), Raman, fluorescence, inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and hyperspectral imaging techniques, has been widely enhanced by numerous applications in this field because of their advantages over other analytical techniques. Following a brief introduction of condiment and safety basics, this review mainly focuses on recent vibrational and atomic spectral applications for condiment nondestructive analysis and evaluation, including (1) chemical hazards detection; (2) microbiological hazards detection; and (3) authenticity concerns. The review shows current spectroscopies to be effective tools that will play indispensable roles for food condiment evaluation. In addition, online/real-time applications of these techniques promise to be a huge growth field in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Mei
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.,Health Food Industry Research Institute (Xinghua), China Agricultural University, Xinghua, Jiangsu, 225700, P. R. China
| | - Fangyuan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, P. R. China
| | - Runqi Xu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.,Health Food Industry Research Institute (Xinghua), China Agricultural University, Xinghua, Jiangsu, 225700, P. R. China
| | - Yue Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.,Health Food Industry Research Institute (Xinghua), China Agricultural University, Xinghua, Jiangsu, 225700, P. R. China
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9
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Detection of adulteration in pure honey utilizing Ag-graphene oxide coated fiber optic SPR probes. Food Chem 2020; 332:127346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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10
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Kafantaris I, Amoutzias GD, Mossialos D. Foodomics in bee product research: a systematic literature review. Eur Food Res Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-020-03634-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Spiteri C, Lia F, Farrugia C. Determination of the Geographical Origin of Maltese Honey Using 1H NMR Fingerprinting. Foods 2020; 9:E1455. [PMID: 33066160 PMCID: PMC7601949 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The price of honey, as a highly consumed natural product, depends on its botanical source and its production environment, causing honey to be vulnerable to adulteration through mislabeling and inappropriate, fraudulent production. In this study, a fast and simple approach is proposed to tackle this issue through non-target one dimensional zg30 and noesypr1d 1H NMR fingerprint analysis, in combination with multivariate data analysis. Results suggest that composition differences in sugars, amino acids, and carboxylic acid were sufficient to discriminate between the tested honey of Maltese origin and that of non-local origin. Indeed, all chemometric models based on noesypr1d analysis of the whole fraction honey showed better prediction in geographical discrimination. The possibility of discrimination was further investigated through analysis of the honey's phenolic extract composition. The partial least squares models were deemed unsuccessful to discriminate, however, some of the linear discriminant analysis models achieved a prediction accuracy of 100%. Lastly, the best performing models of both the whole fraction and the phenolic extracts were tested on five samples of unknown geographic for market surveillance, which attained a high agreement within the models. Thus, suggesting the use of non-target 1H NMR coupled with the multivariate-data analysis and machine learning as a potential alternative to the current time-consuming analytical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frederick Lia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malta, 2080 Msida, MSD, Malta; (C.S.); (C.F.)
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12
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Li Y, Shen Y, Yao CL, Guo DA. Quality assessment of herbal medicines based on chemical fingerprints combined with chemometrics approach: A review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 185:113215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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13
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Bobis O, Moise AR, Ballesteros I, Reyes ES, Durán SS, Sánchez-Sánchez J, Cruz-Quintana S, Giampieri F, Battino M, Alvarez-Suarez JM. Eucalyptus honey: Quality parameters, chemical composition and health-promoting properties. Food Chem 2020; 325:126870. [PMID: 32387927 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Eucalyptus honey is an important unifloral honey commercialized worldwide and much desired by consumers due to the medicinal properties attributed to it because of the plant from which it is produced. In general, eucalyptus honey has been classified as being rich in pollen grains from the eucalyptus tree as well as having physicochemical characteristics that, in a way, have made it stand out from other honeys. Similar to other types of honey, eucalyptus honey can suffer contaminations and adulterations that compromise its quality, safety and authenticity. Thus, detailed knowledge of the composition and properties of this monofloral honeys is of great importance. With this background, the aim of this review is to present and discuss recent data regarding the physicochemical characteristics, chemical and health-promoting properties of eucalyptus honey as well as microbial contamination, authenticity, processing and adulteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otilia Bobis
- Life Science Institute, Apiculture and Sericulture Department, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adela Ramona Moise
- Life Science Institute, Apiculture and Sericulture Department, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Isabel Ballesteros
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas. Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada a Biomedicina (BIOMED), Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Estefanía Sánchez Reyes
- Hispano-Luso Institute for Agricultural Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Catholic University of Ávila (UCAVILA), Ávila, Spain
| | - Silvia Sánchez Durán
- Hispano-Luso Institute for Agricultural Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Sánchez-Sánchez
- Hispano-Luso Institute for Agricultural Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sandra Cruz-Quintana
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Tungurahua, Ecuador
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez, Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Northwest University, Shaanxi, China; Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez, Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - José M Alvarez-Suarez
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas. Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada a Biomedicina (BIOMED), Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador; King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.
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Velázquez Ríos IO, González‐García G, Mellado‐Mojica E, Veloz García RA, Dzul Cauich JG, López MG, García‐Vieyra MI. Phytochemical profiles and classification of Agave syrups using 1H-NMR and chemometrics. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:3-13. [PMID: 30680154 PMCID: PMC6341176 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agave syrups are natural sweeteners that are highly desirable for human consumption because they have low glycemic index. In this work, we explored the potential of 1H-NMR-Chemometrics as a useful tool in the identification and differentiation of Agave syrups. Also, we evaluated the phytochemical screening and antioxidant capacity of Agave syrup compared to other natural sweeteners. RESULTS The phytochemical screening stands out for Agave syrups containing higher levels of metabolites with antioxidant activity, mainly saponins, glycosides, and terpenoids. Agave syrup antioxidant activity was in a range from 10% to 53%, while the total phenolic content was from 24 to 300 EAG/100 g, and condensed tannins were between 240 and 1,900 mg CE/g. Additionally, 1H-NMR spectroscopy was used to characterize syrup profiles and chemometrics. PCA group analyses allowed the sweeteners' classification by origin and kind of Agave. CONCLUSION Thus, we conclude that 1H-NMR and chemometrics can be used for identifying, differentiating, and classifying Agave syrups. Besides, Agave syrups contain significant amounts of antioxidative components and can be considered as an effective source of antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irving O. Velázquez Ríos
- Departamento de Ingeniería AgroindustrialDivisión de Ciencias de la Salud e IngenieríasUniversidad de GuanajuatoGuanajuatoMéxico
| | - Gerardo González‐García
- Departamento de QuímicaDivisión de Ciencias Naturales y ExactasUniversidad de GuanajuatoGuanajuatoMéxico
| | - Erika Mellado‐Mojica
- Departamento de Biotecnología y BioquímicaCentro de Investigación y Estudios de Avanzados del IPNUnidad IrapuatoGuanajuatoMéxico
| | - Rafael A. Veloz García
- Departamento de Ingeniería AgroindustrialDivisión de Ciencias de la Salud e IngenieríasUniversidad de GuanajuatoGuanajuatoMéxico
| | - Jorge G. Dzul Cauich
- Departamento de Ingeniería AgroindustrialDivisión de Ciencias de la Salud e IngenieríasUniversidad de GuanajuatoGuanajuatoMéxico
| | - Mercedes G. López
- Departamento de Biotecnología y BioquímicaCentro de Investigación y Estudios de Avanzados del IPNUnidad IrapuatoGuanajuatoMéxico
| | - María I. García‐Vieyra
- Departamento de Ingeniería AgroindustrialDivisión de Ciencias de la Salud e IngenieríasUniversidad de GuanajuatoGuanajuatoMéxico
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Razali MTA, Zainal ZA, Maulidiani M, Shaari K, Zamri Z, Mohd Idrus MZ, Khatib A, Abas F, Ling YS, Rui LL, Ismail IS. Classification of Raw Stingless Bee Honeys by Bee Species Origins Using the NMR- and LC-MS-Based Metabolomics Approach. Molecules 2018; 23:E2160. [PMID: 30154302 PMCID: PMC6225217 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The official standard for quality control of honey is currently based on physicochemical properties. However, this method is time-consuming, cost intensive, and does not lead to information on the originality of honey. This study aims to classify raw stingless bee honeys by bee species origins as a potential classifier using the NMR-LCMS-based metabolomics approach. Raw stingless bee honeys were analysed and classified by bee species origins using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) spectroscopy and an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF MS) in combination with chemometrics tools. The honey samples were able to be classified into three different groups based on the bee species origins of Heterotrigona itama, Geniotrigona thoracica, and Tetrigona apicalis. d-Fructofuranose (H. itama honey), β-d-Glucose, d-Xylose, α-d-Glucose (G. thoracica honey), and l-Lactic acid, Acetic acid, l-Alanine (T. apicalis honey) ident d-Fructofuranose identified via ¹H-NMR data and the diagnostic ions of UHPLC-QTOF MS were characterized as the discriminant metabolites or putative chemical markers. It could be suggested that the quality of honey in terms of originality and purity can be rapidly determined using the classification technique by bee species origins via the ¹H-NMR- and UHPLC-QTOF MS-based metabolomics approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Taufiq Atsifa Razali
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Zaim Akmal Zainal
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - M Maulidiani
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Khozirah Shaari
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Zulkifli Zamri
- Syamille Agrofarm & Resort Sdn. Bhd., Lot 3749 & 3750, Jalan Lata Perahu, Kampung Chuar Hulu, Mukim Chegar Galah, 33020 Kati, Kuala Kangsar, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Zainuri Mohd Idrus
- Syamille Agrofarm & Resort Sdn. Bhd., Lot 3749 & 3750, Jalan Lata Perahu, Kampung Chuar Hulu, Mukim Chegar Galah, 33020 Kati, Kuala Kangsar, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Alfi Khatib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Faridah Abas
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Yee Soon Ling
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Lim Leong Rui
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Intan Safinar Ismail
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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16
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Monakhova YB, Fareed J, Yao Y, Diehl BW. Improving reliability of chemometric models for authentication of species origin of heparin by switching from 1D to 2D NMR experiments. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 153:168-174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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17
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Abbas O, Zadravec M, Baeten V, Mikuš T, Lešić T, Vulić A, Prpić J, Jemeršić L, Pleadin J. Analytical methods used for the authentication of food of animal origin. Food Chem 2018; 246:6-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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1H-NMR Profiling and Chemometric Analysis of Selected Honeys from South Africa, Zambia, and Slovakia. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23030578. [PMID: 29510542 PMCID: PMC6017463 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey is the natural sweet substance produced by honeybee from nectar or honeydew, exhibiting several nutritional and health benefits. It contains a complex mixture of compounds in different proportions, with sugars being the main component. The physicochemical characteristics of ten honeys were evaluated; represented by five, three, and two from South Africa, Slovakia, and Zambia, respectively. The range of values for the pH (3.75–4.38), electrical conductivity (99–659 µS/cm), and moisture content (14.2–17.7%) are within the recommended limits for quality honeys. 1H-NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) profiling of the honeys in D2O was determined, and the data were analysed by chemometrics. This method is fast, reproducible, and sample pre-treatment is not necessary. The 1H-NMR fingerprints of various chemical shift regions showed similarity or dissimilarity across geographical origins that are useful for identification, detection of adulteration, and quality control. The principal component analysis PCA and partial linear square discriminant analysis PLS-DA of the 1H-NMR profiles successively categorises the honeys into two chemically related groups. The R2 values are higher than the corresponding Q2 values for all samples, confirming the reliability of the model. Honeys in the same cluster contain similar metabolites and belong to the same botanic or floral origin.
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19
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Kuballa T, Brunner TS, Thongpanchang T, Walch SG, Lachenmeier DW. Application of NMR for authentication of honey, beer and spices. Curr Opin Food Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Soares S, Amaral JS, Oliveira MBP, Mafra I. A Comprehensive Review on the Main Honey Authentication Issues: Production and Origin. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2017; 16:1072-1100. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sónia Soares
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia; Univ. do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Joana S. Amaral
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia; Univ. do Porto; Porto Portugal
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão; Inst. Politécnico de Bragança; Bragança Portugal
| | | | - Isabel Mafra
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia; Univ. do Porto; Porto Portugal
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21
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Application of analytical methods in authentication and adulteration of honey. Food Chem 2017; 217:687-698. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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22
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Wu L, Du B, Vander Heyden Y, Chen L, Zhao L, Wang M, Xue X. Recent advancements in detecting sugar-based adulterants in honey – A challenge. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Kortesniemi M, Slupsky CM, Ollikka T, Kauko L, Spevacek AR, Sjövall O, Yang B, Kallio H. NMR profiling clarifies the characterization of Finnish honeys of different botanical origins. Food Res Int 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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24
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del Campo G, Zuriarrain J, Zuriarrain A, Berregi I. Quantitative determination of carboxylic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, ethanol and hydroxymethylfurfural in honey by 1 H NMR. Food Chem 2016; 196:1031-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Bougrini M, Tahri K, Saidi T, El Alami El Hassani N, Bouchikhi B, El Bari N. Classification of Honey According to Geographical and Botanical Origins and Detection of Its Adulteration Using Voltammetric Electronic Tongue. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0393-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Monakhova YB, Godelmann R, Kuballa T, Mushtakova SP, Rutledge DN. Independent components analysis to increase efficiency of discriminant analysis methods (FDA and LDA): Application to NMR fingerprinting of wine. Talanta 2015; 141:60-5. [PMID: 25966381 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Discriminant analysis (DA) methods, such as linear discriminant analysis (LDA) or factorial discriminant analysis (FDA), are well-known chemometric approaches for solving classification problems in chemistry. In most applications, principle components analysis (PCA) is used as the first step to generate orthogonal eigenvectors and the corresponding sample scores are utilized to generate discriminant features for the discrimination. Independent components analysis (ICA) based on the minimization of mutual information can be used as an alternative to PCA as a preprocessing tool for LDA and FDA classification. To illustrate the performance of this ICA/DA methodology, four representative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data sets of wine samples were used. The classification was performed regarding grape variety, year of vintage and geographical origin. The average increase for ICA/DA in comparison with PCA/DA in the percentage of correct classification varied between 6±1% and 8±2%. The maximum increase in classification efficiency of 11±2% was observed for discrimination of the year of vintage (ICA/FDA) and geographical origin (ICA/LDA). The procedure to determine the number of extracted features (PCs, ICs) for the optimum DA models was discussed. The use of independent components (ICs) instead of principle components (PCs) resulted in improved classification performance of DA methods. The ICA/LDA method is preferable to ICA/FDA for recognition tasks based on NMR spectroscopic measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia B Monakhova
- Spectral Service AG, Emil-Hoffmann-Straße 33, 50996 Cologne, Germany; Institute of Chemistry, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Street 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia.
| | - Rolf Godelmann
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Weissenburger Strasse 3, 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Thomas Kuballa
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Weissenburger Strasse 3, 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Svetlana P Mushtakova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Street 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Douglas N Rutledge
- AgroParisTech, UMR 1145, Ingénierie Procédés Aliments, 16 rue Claude Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France
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27
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Popescu R, Costinel D, Dinca OR, Marinescu A, Stefanescu I, Ionete RE. Discrimination of vegetable oils using NMR spectroscopy and chemometrics. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Geographical and Botanical Origin Discrimination of Romanian Honey Using Complex Stable Isotope Data and Chemometrics. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-014-9903-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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29
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Esslinger S, Riedl J, Fauhl-Hassek C. Potential and limitations of non-targeted fingerprinting for authentication of food in official control. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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30
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31
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Jamróz MK, Paradowska K, Zawada K, Makarova K, Kaźmierski S, Wawer I. ¹H and ¹³C NMR-based sugar profiling with chemometric analysis and antioxidant activity of herbhoneys and honeys. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:246-255. [PMID: 23712445 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbhoneys, relatively new bee products, are expected to have interesting medicinal properties. However, there is still a lack of data concerning their composition and antioxidant properties. ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy coupled with chemometric analysis (PCA and PLS-DA) and antioxidant assays (DPPH-ESR and ORAC-FL) were used to study 25 samples of Polish herbhoneys and honeys. RESULTS Antioxidant activity varied among the samples. The best properties were exhibited by cocoa and instant coffee herbhoneys. The contents of total polyphenols and total carotenoids in the studied samples were found to be 70-1340 mg GAE kg⁻¹ and 0-28.05 mg kg⁻¹ respectively. No significant differences between herbhoney and honey samples were found in their sugar profiles. The PCA of ¹³C NMR spectra of the samples in DMSO-d6 resulted in sample clustering due to sucrose content. CONCLUSION Herbhoneys have similar antioxidant properties to traditional honeys, being therefore of equal nutritional value. There was a noticeable influence of the extract concentration on the observed antioxidant effect. For samples with high antioxidant activity, polyphenols were responsible for the observed effect. Sample clustering due to sucrose content in the NMR-PCA study allowed effortless detection of adulteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta K Jamróz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, PL-02-097, Warsaw, Poland
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32
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Consonni R, Cagliani LR, Cogliati C. Geographical discrimination of honeys by saccharides analysis. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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33
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Qualitative and Quantitative Control of Honeys Using NMR Spectroscopy and Chemometrics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/825318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
400 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis techniques were used in the context of food surveillance to measure 328 honey samples with 1H and 13C NMR. Using principal component analysis (PCA), clusters of honeys from the same botanical origin were observed. The chemical shifts of the principal monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) were found to be mostly responsible for this differentiation. Furthermore, soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) could be used to automatically classify spectra according to their botanical origin with 95–100% accuracy. Direct quantification of 13 compounds (carbohydrates, aldehydes, aliphatic and aromatic acids) was additionally possible using external calibration curves and applying TSP as internal standard. Hence, NMR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics is an efficient tool for simultaneous identification of botanical origin and quantification of selected constituents of honeys.
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34
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Marcone MF, Wang S, Albabish W, Nie S, Somnarain D, Hill A. Diverse food-based applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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35
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Cavazza A, Corradini C, Musci M, Salvadeo P. High-performance liquid chromatographic phenolic compound fingerprint for authenticity assessment of honey. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:1169-1175. [PMID: 22968998 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenolic compound profiles of 20 honeys of different botanical origin (eucalyptus, citrus, chestnut and linden) were obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection after solid phase extraction, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the fingerprint method for monofloral honey discrimination. RESULTS A total of 58 peaks were detected at λ = 280 nm. Distinctive phenolic compound profiles were obtained in which both the nature and the relative amount of the detected compounds were characteristic for different botanical source honeys. In order to detect sample groupings, chromatographic peak areas were submitted to principal component analysis. Then linear discriminant analysis was carried out on the first three principal components. In addition, linear discriminant analysis was carried out on the 58 variables, allowing the selection of five variables able to discriminate honeys of different botanical origin. CONCLUSION The chemometric evaluation of the phenolic compound profiles yielded classification models able to group honey samples according to their floral source with an excellent degree of agreement. The main advantage of the fingerprint approach with respect to traditional methods is that it does not require time-consuming identification and quantification of the analytes. The method proved to be effective for the assessment of honey authenticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Cavazza
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, I-43100 Parma, Italy
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36
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Schievano E, Morelato E, Facchin C, Mammi S. Characterization of markers of botanical origin and other compounds extracted from unifloral honeys. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:1747-1755. [PMID: 23360363 DOI: 10.1021/jf302798d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of tracing the botanical and geographical origin of products such as honey has become more important because of market globalization. As a consequence, numerous analytical methods have been applied to the determination of honey authenticity. The scope of the present work is to chromatographically purify and characterize 23 compounds from organic extracts of unifloral (chestnut, linden, orange, acacia, eucalyptus, honeydew) and polyfloral honeys. Of these compounds, 17 were identified as specific markers and were used for botanical discrimination in a previous study based on multivariate statistical analysis of proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR) data. Together with the botanical markers, 6 other substances were isolated and characterized using NMR and mass spectrometry. These phytochemicals belong to several classes, that is, terpenes, organic acids, flavonoids, and others. For the first time, a diacylglyceryl ether and 5 other compounds present in different types of honey were identified and characterized.
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37
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Identification of components of Brazilian honey by 1H NMR and classification of its botanical origin by chemometric methods. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2012.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Mannina L, Sobolev AP, Viel S. Liquid state 1H high field NMR in food analysis. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 66:1-39. [PMID: 22980032 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2012.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Mannina
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
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Papotti G, Bertelli D, Plessi M. Use of HS-SPME-GC-MS for the classification of Italian lemon, orange and citrus spp. honeys. Int J Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.03109.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Papotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche; Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia; via Campi 183; 41125; Modena; Italy
| | - Davide Bertelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche; Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia; via Campi 183; 41125; Modena; Italy
| | - Maria Plessi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche; Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia; via Campi 183; 41125; Modena; Italy
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40
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Gresley AL, Kenny J, Cassar C, Kelly A, Sinclair A, Fielder MD. The application of high resolution diffusion NMR to the analysis of manuka honey. Food Chem 2012; 135:2879-86. [PMID: 22980885 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The application of DOSY (Diffusion Ordered SpectroscopY) NMR as a technique for the virtual separation of key components of manuka honey and the implications for future discriminatory analysis of honey types is reported for the first time. The scope and the limitations of DOSY NMR are considered using the recently conceived DOSY Tool Box processing software and preliminary anti-bacterial data for the different honey types is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Le Gresley
- SEC Faculty, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames KT1 2EE, UK.
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41
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Bertelli D, Papotti G, Bortolotti L, Marcazzan GL, Plessi M. ¹H-NMR simultaneous identification of health-relevant compounds in propolis extracts. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2012; 23:260-6. [PMID: 21853496 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Propolis is a resinous substance collected by bees from exudates of different plants that is rich in well-known health-relevant phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic acids. Propolis extracts are very complex matrices difficult to study. Different analytical methods are usable to analyse propolis extracts and to obtain chemical fingerprint but to our knowledge NMR has not previously been used for this purpose. OBJECTIVE This study aims to demonstrate that it is possible to use ¹H-NMR for the simultaneous recognition of phenolic compounds in complex matrices, such as propolis extracts, using appropriate tools for spectra pre-treatment and analysis. METHODOLOGY In this work 12 typical phenolic propolis compounds (apigenin, chrysin, galangin, kaempferol, quercetin, naringenin, pinocembrin, pinostrobin, caffeic acid, cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid) were considered as reference compounds and their presence in samples was verified by HPLC-MS. A simple ¹H-NMR sequence was used to obtain spectra of samples. Spectra were pre-treated by using an appropriate tool for spectra alignment and analysed by using software for the study of spectra originated from complex matrices. Sixty-five propolis samples were used to test the proposed identification procedure. RESULTS Ten out of 12 considered compounds were identified as statistically significant in most of the samples. CONCLUSION This work suggests that it is possible to efficiently use ¹H-NMR, coupled with appropriate spectral analytical tools, for the simultaneous detection of phenolic compounds in complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bertelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy.
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42
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Simova S, Atanassov A, Shishiniova M, Bankova V. A rapid differentiation between oak honeydew honey and nectar and other honeydew honeys by NMR spectroscopy. Food Chem 2012; 134:1706-10. [PMID: 25006002 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An NMR-based approach for rapid differentiation of oak honeydew honey from all other honey types (floral and other honeydew honeys) was proposed. It is based on the identification of the signals of the protons and the carbon of the methylene group of quercitol in the (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra of honey. The presence of quercitol was supported by TOCSY spectroscopy. Quercitol is a deoxyinositol which is regarded as a good taxonomic marker for the genus Quercus. All samples of oak honeydew honey contained quercitol, while in floral honey samples and honeydew honeys from fir and spruce it was absent. In addition, the described approach is promising with respect to quercitol quantification in honey by qNMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Simova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - A Atanassov
- Joint Genomic Center, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - M Shishiniova
- Joint Genomic Center, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - V Bankova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Bianchi F, Mangia A, Mattarozzi M, Musci M. Characterization of the volatile profile of thistle honey using headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2011; 129:1030-6. [PMID: 25212333 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 04/07/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a headspace solid-phase microextraction method was developed for the characterization of the volatile fraction of thistle honey and compared with a dynamic headspace extraction method. A DVB/CAR/PDMS fibre was used. The effects of extraction time, equilibration time and salt addition on extraction yield were evaluated. The volatile fraction of seven Italian thistle honey samples was extracted under the optimized conditions and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Characterization of the volatile profile was performed in terms of nature and relative amount of the extracted compounds. A total of 40 compounds, belonging to different chemical classes, were identified. The relative amounts of 16 compounds found in all the analyzed thistle honeys, i.e. nonanal, furfural, decanal, 3,6-dimethyl-2,3,3a,4,5,7a-hexahydrobenzofuran, benzaldehyde, α-linalool, lilac aldehyde (isomer IV), hotrienol, phenylacetaldehyde, 4-oxoisophorone, benzyl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol, a not identified compound, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid and methyl anthranilate, were calculated and submitted to statistical analysis, in order to define for each compound a typical range. On the basis of the obtained data, a characteristic set of values was defined for thistle honey volatile fingerprint. The developed model proved to be effective in recognizing the botanical origin of thistle honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bianchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - A Mangia
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - M Mattarozzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - M Musci
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
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Bertelli D, Lolli M, Papotti G, Bortolotti L, Serra G, Plessi M. Detection of honey adulteration by sugar syrups using one-dimensional and two-dimensional high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:8495-8501. [PMID: 20681637 DOI: 10.1021/jf101460t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The importance of honey adulteration detection has recently increased owing to the limited production levels in recent years and the relative high price of honey; therefore, this illegal practice has become more and more attractive to producers. Hence, the need has arisen for more effective analytical methods aiming at detecting honey adulteration. The present research presents an effective method to detect adulteration in honey falsified by intentional addition of different concentrations of commercial sugar syrups, using one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) coupled with multivariate statistical analysis. Sixty-three authentic and 63 adulterated honey samples were analyzed. To prepare adulterated honeys, seven different sugar syrups normally used for nutrition of bees were used. The best discriminant model was obtained by 1D spectra, and leave-one-out cross-validation showed a predictive capacity of 95.2%. 2D NMR also furnished acceptable results (cross-validation correct classification 90.5%), although the (1)H NMR sequence is preferable because it is the simplest and fastest NMR technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bertelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41100 Modena, Italy.
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Aliferis KA, Tarantilis PA, Harizanis PC, Alissandrakis E. Botanical discrimination and classification of honey samples applying gas chromatography/mass spectrometry fingerprinting of headspace volatile compounds. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Consonni R, Cagliani LR. Nuclear magnetic resonance and chemometrics to assess geographical origin and quality of traditional food products. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2010; 59:87-165. [PMID: 20610175 DOI: 10.1016/s1043-4526(10)59004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this globalization era, the opening of the markets has put at almost everybody's disposal a wide variety of foods, allowing everybody to taste food flavors and aromas from different nations. Notwithstanding this opportunity, countries try to preserve their markets by developing protection policies. A few countries have adopted different denominations to label their "typical food" products in order to give them additional value. Besides, the term "typical food" is widely thought of as something anchored to the local traditions, with geographical meaning and made with typical raw materials. Then a "typical food" starts to be considered "traditional" when it is made following specific and old recipes. As a matter of fact, these products acquire particular organoleptic characteristics that are not reproducible when produced in different places. In this review, NMR studies coupled to multivariate statistical analysis are presented with the aim of determining geographical origin and key quality characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Consonni
- Institute for the Study of Macromolecules, ISMAC, National Council of Research, Lab, NMR, Milan, Italy
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Schievano E, Peggion E, Mammi S. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of chloroform extracts of honey for chemometric determination of its botanical origin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:57-65. [PMID: 19938861 DOI: 10.1021/jf9022977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present a new NMR study, coupled with chemometric analysis, on nonvolatile organic honey components. The extraction method is simple and reproducible. The 1H NMR spectra of chloroform extracts acquired with a fast and new pulse sequence were used to characterize and differentiate by chemometric analysis 118 honey samples of four different botanical origins (chestnut, acacia, linden, and polyfloral). The spectra collection, processing, and analysis require only 30 min. The 1H spectrum provides a fingerprint for each honey type, showing many characteristic peaks in all spectral regions. Principal component analysis (PCA) and projection to latent structures by partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were performed on selected signals of the spectra to discriminate the different botanical types and to identify characteristic metabolites for each honey type. A distinct discrimination among samples was achieved. According to the distance to model criterion, there was no overlap between the four models, which proved to be specific for each honey type. The PLS-DA model obtained has a correlation coefficient R2 of 0.67 and a validation correlation coefficient Q2 of 0.77. The discriminant analysis allowed us to classify correctly 100% of the samples. A classification index can be calculated and used to determine the floral origin of honey as an alternative to the melissopalinology test and possibly to determine the percentage of various botanical species in polyfloral samples. Preliminary data on the identification of marker compounds for each botanical origin are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Schievano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universita di Padova, Via Marzolo, 1, Padova 35131, Italy.
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Papotti G, Bertelli D, Lolli M, Sabatini AG, Plessi M. Methyl anthranilate content in Italian citrus honeys determined by HS-SPME-GC. Int J Food Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2009.02001.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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50
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Consonni R, Cagliani LR. Geographical characterization of polyfloral and acacia honeys by nuclear magnetic resonance and chemometrics. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:6873-6880. [PMID: 18627162 DOI: 10.1021/jf801332r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The importance of geographical origin determination is an increasing and pressing requirement for all foods. Honey is one of the largest studied foods due to its nutritional and medicinal properties in a correct diet. In this paper, a total of 41 honey samples (polyfloral and acacia) from different countries have been analyzed in terms of (1)H NMR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate statistical methods. Unsupervised principal component analysis resulted as an efficient tool in distinguishing (1)H NMR spectra of polyfloral and acacia honey samples and for geographical characterization of the latter ones. Hierarchical projection to latent structures discriminant analysis was successfully applied for the discrimination among polyfloral honey samples of different geographical origins. (13)C NMR spectroscopy was applied to honey samples with the aim to investigate possible sugar isoforms differentiation. Our preliminary data indicated a different isoforms ratio between betaFP and betaFF only for polyfloral Argentinean samples, while Hungarian samples showed resonance shifts for some carbons of alphaFF, betaFP, betaFF, and alphaGP isoforms for both varieties. These data confirmed the potentiality of (13)C spectroscopy in food characterization, especially in sugar-based foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Consonni
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole, Laboratory, NMR, CNR, v. Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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