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Champion WL, Watts WL, Umstead WJ. The separation of several organophosphate pesticides on immobilized polysaccharide chiral stationary phases. Chirality 2022; 34:1078-1093. [PMID: 35642080 PMCID: PMC9544164 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
While not initially a focus or priority, in recent decades, an emphasis has been placed on the activity of individual enantiomers of widely used pesticides. Of particular note are organophosphorus-based pesticides like fenamiphos and profenofos, as examples. This work explores the enantioselective high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separations of seven such organophosphorus pesticides (OP's) on the library of immobilized polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases (CSPs) with normal phase hexane/alcohol mixtures. Further exploration of the effect of mobile phase strength and temperature on several of the separations was performed using simple factorial design. Equivalent retention of the first eluting enantiomer of several combinations of temperature and mobile phase was compared for peak shape, selectivity, and resolution. Similarly, equivalent selectivity of several combinations of temperature and mobile phase was compared for peak shape, retention of the first eluting enantiomer, and resolution. The results of this study make available several new chiral separations of the OPs included in the work that were not previously documented, including separations on the three most recently commercialized phases, Chiralpak IH, IJ, and IK. Additionally, sufficient understanding was obtained to be able to predict the trade-off of resolution, analysis time, peak sharpness (and thus improve limit-of-detection [LOD]/limit-of-quantification [LOQ]), robustness, and convenience of conditions for further application optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L Champion
- Senior Method Development Chemist, WLC, WLW, Champion, Watts Technology and Method Development Chiral Technologies, Inc, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William L Watts
- Senior Method Development Chemist, WLC, WLW, Champion, Watts Technology and Method Development Chiral Technologies, Inc, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Weston J Umstead
- Technology and Business Development Manager, WJU, Umstead Technology and Method Development Chiral Technologies, Inc, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
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2
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Peng W, Wang T, Liang XR, Yang YS, Wang QZ, Cheng HF, Peng YK, Ding F. Characterizing the potentially neuronal acetylcholinesterase reactivity toward chiral pyraclofos: Enantioselective insights from spectroscopy, in silico docking, molecular dynamics simulation and per-residue energy decomposition studies. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 110:108069. [PMID: 34773872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.108069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Chiral organophosphorus agents are distributed ubiquitously in the environment, but the neuroactivity of these asymmetric chemicals to humans remains uncertain. This scenario was to explore the stereoselective neurobiological response of human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to chiral pyraclofos at the enantiomeric scale, and then decipher the microscopic basis of enantioselective neurotoxicity of pyraclofos enantiomers. The results indicated that (R)-/(S)-pyraclofos can form the bioconjugates with AChE with a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1, but the neuronal affinity of (R)-pyraclofos (K = 6.31 × 104 M-1) with AChE was larger than that of (S)-pyraclofos (K = 1.86 × 104 M-1), and significant enantioselectivity was existed in the biochemical reaction. The modes of neurobiological action revealed that pyraclofos enantiomers were situated at the substrate binding domain, and the strength of the overall noncovalent bonds between (S)-pyraclofos and the residues was weaker than that of (R)-pyraclofos, resulting in the high inhibitory effect of (R)-pyraclofos toward the activity of AChE. Dynamic enantioselective biointeractions illustrated that the intervention of inherent conformational flexibility in the AChE-(R)-pyraclofos was greater than that of the AChE-(S)-pyraclofos, which arises from the big spatial displacement and the conformational flip of the binding domain composed of the residues Thr-64~Asn-89, Gly-122~Asp-134, and Thr-436~Tyr-449. Energy decomposition exhibited that the Gibbs free energies of the AChE-(R)-/(S)-pyraclofos were ΔG° = -37.4/-30.2 kJ mol-1, respectively, and the disparity comes from the electrostatic energy during the stereoselective neurochemical reactions. Quantitative conformational analysis further confirmed the atomic-scale computational chemistry conclusions, and the perturbation of (S)-pyraclofos on the AChE's ordered conformation was lower than that of (R)-pyraclofos, which is germane to the interaction energies of the crucial residues, e.g. Tyr-124, Tyr-337, Asp-74, Trp-86, and Tyr-119. Evidently, this attempt will contribute mechanistic information to uncovering the neurobiological effects of chiral organophosphates on the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Peng
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Liang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yu-Sen Yang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Qi-Zhao Wang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Hong-Fei Cheng
- School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yu-Kui Peng
- Xining Center for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Testing, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Fei Ding
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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3
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Kaziem AE, Gao B, Li L, Zhang Z, He Z, Wen Y, Wang MH. Enantioselective bioactivity, toxicity, and degradation in different environmental mediums of chiral fungicide epoxiconazole. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 386:121951. [PMID: 31895998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the environmental behaviour and bioactivity of epoxiconazole enantiomers, an integrated assessment has been done. The degradation in soil, water, and river-sediments were studied. The toxicity to Chlorella vulgaris and Daphnia magna was also examined. The bioactivity to plant-pathogens and molecular docking to CYP51 were investigated. The obtained results showed that the half-lives of R,S-(+)- and S,R-(-)-epoxiconazole were 38.8 and 21.2 days in Jiangsu soil, 43.2 and 22.7 days in Jiangxi soil, 29.1 and 21.3 days in Jilin soil, 43.5 and 32.7 days in anaerobic Jilin soil, 12.3 and 10.1 days in river sediments, and 33.2 and 9.3 days in river water, respectively. Maximum EF was 0.36 in Yangzi-river water. No enantioselective degradation was found in sterilized conditions. The EC50 to C. vulgaris after 48 h was 27.78 mg L-1, and 18.93 mg L-1 for R,S-(+)-, and S,R-(-)-epoxiconazole, respectively. The LC50 to D. magna was 4.16 mg L-1, and 8.49 mg L-1 for R,S-(+)-, and S,R-(-)-epoxiconazole, respectively. R,S-(+)-epoxiconazole bioactivity was 1.3-7.25 times higher than S,R-(-)-epoxiconazole. In conclusion, R,S-(+)- has higher bioactivity and higher environmental toxicity. In opposite, S,R-(-)- has lower environmental toxicity and lower bioactivity. R,S-(+)-epoxiconazole use is recommended with lower concentrations, which is appropriate for environment safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir E Kaziem
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China; Department of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Environmental Studies and Research, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Beibei Gao
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lianshan Li
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhaoxian Zhang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zongzhe He
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yong Wen
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ming-Hua Wang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Jiménez-Jiménez S, Casado N, García MÁ, Marina ML. Enantiomeric analysis of pyrethroids and organophosphorus insecticides. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1605:360345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Wang D, Zhao J, Xu W, Shao C, Shi Z, Li L, Zhang X. Metal- and base-free reductive coupling reaction of P(O)-H with aryl/alkyl sulfonyl chlorides: a novel protocol for the construction of P-S-C bonds. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:545-549. [PMID: 27934999 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02364a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Novel and efficient synthesis of S-aryl/alkyl phosphinothioates from P(O)-H and aryl/alkyl sulfonyl chlorides under metal- and base-free conditions is described. This reaction provides an alternative strategy for the construction of P-S-C bonds in moderate to excellent yields. Moreover, this method can be readily applied to gram-scale preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dungai Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Hai-Quan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Jinlong Zhao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Hai-Quan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Weigang Xu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Hai-Quan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Changwei Shao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Hai-Quan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Zheng Shi
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Hai-Quan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Liang Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Hai-Quan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Xinghua Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Hai-Quan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
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Bhunia SK, Das P, Jana R. Atom-economical selenation of electron-rich arenes and phosphonates with molecular oxygen at room temperature. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:9243-9250. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02792g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
An environmentally benign selenation of electron-rich arenes and phosphonates is developed adopting a novel recycle–reuse–reduce strategy for selenol by oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Kumar Bhunia
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
- Kolkata-700032
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Pritha Das
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
- Kolkata-700032
- India
| | - Ranjan Jana
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
- Kolkata-700032
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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7
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Enantioselective analysis of Moxifloxacin hydrochloride enantiomers with graphene-β-Cyclodextrin-nanocomposite modified carbon paste electrode using adsorptive stripping differential pulse Voltammetry. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.07.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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8
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Zhang X, Shi Z, Shao C, Zhao J, Wang D, Zhang G, Li L. Three-Component Coupling Reaction in Water: A One-Pot Protocol for the Construction of P-S-C(sp3
) and P-Se-C(sp3
) Bonds. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; 100 Hai-Quan Road 201418 Shanghai China
| | - Zheng Shi
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; 100 Hai-Quan Road 201418 Shanghai China
| | - Changwei Shao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; 100 Hai-Quan Road 201418 Shanghai China
| | - Jinlong Zhao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; 100 Hai-Quan Road 201418 Shanghai China
| | - Dungai Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; 100 Hai-Quan Road 201418 Shanghai China
| | - Gaoqi Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; 100 Hai-Quan Road 201418 Shanghai China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; 100 Hai-Quan Road 201418 Shanghai China
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9
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Chi Y, Wu Z, Zhong Y, Dong S. Enantiomeric resolution, stereochemical assignment and toxicity evaluation of TPA enantiomers. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulang Chi
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health; Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Xiamen China
- College of Resources and Environment; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Zhijun Wu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University; Daqing China
| | - Yi Zhong
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences; Ministry of Environmental Protection; Guangzhou China
| | - Sijun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health; Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Xiamen China
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10
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Zhuang S, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Bao L, Xu C, Zhang H. Enantioselective developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity of pyraclofos toward zebrafish (Danio rerio). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 159:119-126. [PMID: 25540855 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pyraclofos, a relatively new organophosphorus pesticide, has shown potential ecotoxicities, however, its aquatic toxicity, especially enantioselective aquatic toxicity, remains largely unknown. Using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a preeminent vertebrate aquatic model, the enantioselective differences in the developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity of pyraclofos were evaluated. Following 96-h exposure, pyraclofos enantiomers exhibited acute toxicity and showed lethal concentration 50 of 2.23 and 3.99 mg/L for (R)-Pyraclofos and (S)-Pyraclofos, respectively. Exposure to pyraclofos caused time- and concentration-dependent malformations such as pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, crooked bodies and hatching during the embryonic development, with markedly higher percentages of malformation at higher concentrations. The concentration-dependent immunotoxicity to zebrafish embryo exposed to low level pyraclofos was induced with significant up-regulation of mRNA levels of immune-related interleukin-1β (IL-1β) gene. (R)-Pyraclofos was consistently more toxic than (S)-Pyraclofos for the acute toxicity, developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity to zebrafish. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that at the atomic level, (R)-Pyraclofos binds more potently to IL-1β protein than (S)-Pyraclofos. This enantioselective binding is mainly contributed by the distinct binding mode of pyraclofos enantiomers and their electrostatic interactions with IL-1β, which potentially affects IL-1β-dependent proinflammatory signal transduction. Our in vitro and in silico studies provided a better insight into the molecular basis for aquatic toxicity and thus improved the risk assessment for pyraclofos and other chiral organophosphorus pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Zhuang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Zhisheng Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Lingling Bao
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Chao Xu
- Research Center of Environmental Science, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China.
| | - Hu Zhang
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 210021, PR China
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11
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Liu Y, Shamsi SA. Combined use of chiral ionic liquid surfactants and neutral cyclodextrins: evaluation of ionic liquid head groups for enantioseparation of neutral compounds in capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1360:296-304. [PMID: 25130088 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are most commonly used chiral selectors in capillary electrophoresis (CE). Although the use of neutral CDs and its derivatives have shown to resolve plethora of charged enantiomers, they cannot resolve neutral enantiomers. The use of ionic liquids (ILs) surfactants forming successful complex with CDs present itself an opportunity to resolve neutral enantiomers. In this work, the effect of IL head groups and their complexation ability with heptakis (2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin (TM-β-CD) was studied for the separation of neutral enantiomers by CE. First, cationic IL type surfactants with different chiral head groups were synthesized. Physicochemical properties such as critical micelle concentration were determined by surface tension, whereas aggregation and polarity were determined by fluorescence spectroscopy. The complexation ability of ILs with TM-β-CD was characterized in the gas phase by CE-mass spectrometry. The influence of the type of ILs head group and its concentration on chiral resolution, resolution per unit time and selectivity were investigated for four structurally diverse neutral compounds. The binding constants of the neutral analytes to the IL-CD complex were estimated by y-reciprocal method. The hydrophobicity of the side chain of the IL head group displayed significant effect on the binding constants and enantioseparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - Shahab A Shamsi
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States.
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