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Wu Z, Ma Y, Xiong H, An W, Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Li J. Simultaneous determination of spiropidion and its five major metabolites in sweet orange fruit and various processing by-products using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113498. [PMID: 37986498 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The present work reported the application of an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous analysis of spiropidion and its five major metabolites in sweet orange fruit and by-products throughout the whole industrial juicing process of the orange fruit. The reversed-dispersive solid phase extraction (r-DSPE) with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was employed for the extraction and purification. The established method was validated and satisfactory parameters (linearity, trueness, precision, sensitivity, matrix effect and stability) were obtained. And then, the field trial of spiropidion on sweet oranges has been conducted and the effect of commercial juicing processing on the residue of spiropidion and its metabolites was further investigated. The various processing factors (PFs) for washing, juicing, sterilization, concentrating and essential oil collecting were also determined. The final results indicated that washing processing reduced residues by 18.4%; the juicing step allowed a significant decrease of the spiropidion residue by 34.2-70.8%, with PFs value in the range of 0.290-0.658. However, high level of residual spiropidion (ranging from 4.016 to 4.205 mg/kg) was detected in orange essential oil, with PFs value of 17.157. All the above results demonstrated the efficiency of the established method in the routine control analysis of spiropidion residues in sweet orange fruits and their by-products, and will facilitate the further intensive research on its spatial distribution, transfer and degradation during the different processing procedures of the sweet orange fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Huan Xiong
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Wenjin An
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Yaohai Zhang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Qiyang Zhao
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Jing Li
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China.
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2
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Chen X, Luo Z, Chen Y, Zhang Y. Silver(I)-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclopropanation of 1,6-Enynes: Synthesis of 3-Aza-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane Derivatives. Org Lett 2022; 24:9200-9204. [PMID: 36484531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A simple Ag(I)-catalyzed oxidative cyclopropanation of heteroatom-tethered 1,6-enynes for the establishment of valuable functionalized 3-aza-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane is presented, which allows the formation of multiple chemical bonds in one step under 20 mol % silver(I) catalysts and air conditions. This approach is highly atom economical, easy to perform, and free of external oxidants and features good to excellent yields and gram-scale synthesis. The preliminary study showed that an uncommon silver carbenoid intermediate might be involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Zengwei Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
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3
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Li S, Rong L, Wang S, Liu S, Lu Z, Miao L, Zhao B, Zhang C, Xiao D, Pushpanathan K, Wong A, Yu A. Enhanced limonene production by metabolically engineered Yarrowia lipolytica from cheap carbon sources. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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4
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Kijkla P, Wang D, Mohamed ME, Saleh MA, Kumseranee S, Punpruk S, Gu T. Efficacy of glutaraldehyde enhancement by D-limonene in the mitigation of biocorrosion of carbon steel by an oilfield biofilm consortium. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:174. [PMID: 34519903 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03134-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is one of the major corrosion threats in the oil and gas industry. It is caused by environmental biofilms. Glutaraldehyde is a popular green biocide for mitigating biofilms and MIC. This work investigated the efficacy of glutaraldehyde enhancement by food-grade green chemical D-limonene in the biofilm prevention and MIC mitigation using a mixed-culture oilfield biofilm consortium. After 7 days of incubation at 37 °C in enriched artificial seawater in 125 mL anaerobic vials, the 100 ppm (w/w) glutaraldehyde + 200 ppm D-limonene combination treatment reduced the sessile cell counts on C1018 carbon steel coupons by 2.1-log, 1.7-log, and 2.3-log for sulfate reducing bacteria, acid producing bacteria, and general heterotrophic bacteria, respectively in comparison with the untreated control. The treatment achieved 68% weight loss reduction and 78% pit depth reduction. The 100 ppm glutaraldehyde + 200 ppm D-limonene combination treatment was found more effective in biofilm prevention and MIC mitigation than glutaraldehyde and D-limonene used individually. Electrochemical tests corroborated weight loss and pit depth data trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pruch Kijkla
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Corrosion and Multiphase Technology, Ohio University, Athens, 45701, USA
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Corrosion and Multiphase Technology, Ohio University, Athens, 45701, USA
| | - Magdy E Mohamed
- Research and Development Center, Saudi Arabian Oil Company, Dhahran, 31311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen A Saleh
- Research and Development Center, Saudi Arabian Oil Company, Dhahran, 31311, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Tingyue Gu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Corrosion and Multiphase Technology, Ohio University, Athens, 45701, USA.
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5
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Elevating Limonene Production in Oleaginous Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica via Genetic Engineering of Limonene Biosynthesis Pathway and Optimization of Medium Composition. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-018-0497-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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6
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Nikolic N, Höferl M, Buchbauer G. Pesticides in essential oils and selected fragrance extracts. Some examples. A review. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Nikolic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics; University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Martina Höferl
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics; University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Gerhard Buchbauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics; University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
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7
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Singh R, Parihar P, Singh M, Bajguz A, Kumar J, Singh S, Singh VP, Prasad SM. Uncovering Potential Applications of Cyanobacteria and Algal Metabolites in Biology, Agriculture and Medicine: Current Status and Future Prospects. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:515. [PMID: 28487674 PMCID: PMC5403934 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria and algae having complex photosynthetic systems can channelize absorbed solar energy into other forms of energy for production of food and metabolites. In addition, they are promising biocatalysts and can be used in the field of "white biotechnology" for enhancing the sustainable production of food, metabolites, and green energy sources such as biodiesel. In this review, an endeavor has been made to uncover the significance of various metabolites like phenolics, phytoene/terpenoids, phytols, sterols, free fatty acids, photoprotective compounds (MAAs, scytonemin, carotenoids, polysaccharides, halogenated compounds, etc.), phytohormones, cyanotoxins, biocides (algaecides, herbicides, and insecticides) etc. Apart from this, the importance of these metabolites as antibiotics, immunosuppressant, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory agent has also been discussed. Metabolites obtained from cyanobacteria and algae have several biotechnological, industrial, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic uses which have also been discussed in this review along with the emerging technology of their harvesting for enhancing the production of compounds like bioethanol, biofuel etc. at commercial level. In later sections, we have discussed genetically modified organisms and metabolite production from them. We have also briefly discussed the concept of bioprocessing highlighting the functioning of companies engaged in metabolites production as well as their cost effectiveness and challenges that are being addressed by these companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachana Singh
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Parul Parihar
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Madhulika Singh
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Andrzej Bajguz
- Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Institute of Biology, University of BialystokBialystok, Poland
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Samiksha Singh
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
| | - Vijay P. Singh
- Department of Botany, Govt. Ramanuj Pratap Singhdev Post-Graduate CollegeBaikunthpur, Koriya, India
| | - Sheo M. Prasad
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of AllahabadAllahabad, India
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Huang M, Valim MF, Feng S, Reuss L, Yao L, Gmitter F, Wang Y. Characterization of the Major Aroma-Active Compounds in Peel Oil of an HLB-Tolerant Mandarin Hybrid Using Aroma Extraction Dilution Analysis and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Olfactometry. CHEMOSENS PERCEPT 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12078-017-9221-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Jongedijk E, Cankar K, Buchhaupt M, Schrader J, Bouwmeester H, Beekwilder J. Biotechnological production of limonene in microorganisms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:2927-38. [PMID: 26915992 PMCID: PMC4786606 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7337-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This mini review describes novel, biotechnology-based, ways of producing the monoterpene limonene. Limonene is applied in relatively highly priced products, such as fragrances, and also has applications with lower value but large production volume, such as biomaterials. Limonene is currently produced as a side product from the citrus juice industry, but the availability and quality are fluctuating and may be insufficient for novel bulk applications. Therefore, complementary microbial production of limonene would be interesting. Since limonene can be derivatized to high-value compounds, microbial platforms also have a great potential beyond just producing limonene. In this review, we discuss the ins and outs of microbial limonene production in comparison with plant-based and chemical production. Achievements and specific challenges for microbial production of limonene are discussed, especially in the light of bulk applications such as biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmer Jongedijk
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, 6708, PB, The Netherlands
| | - Katarina Cankar
- Plant Research International, PO Box 16, 6700, AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Buchhaupt
- DECHEMA Research Institute, Biochemical Engineering, Theodor Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jens Schrader
- DECHEMA Research Institute, Biochemical Engineering, Theodor Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Harro Bouwmeester
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, 6708, PB, The Netherlands
| | - Jules Beekwilder
- Plant Research International, PO Box 16, 6700, AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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10
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Vasylieva N, Ahn KC, Barnych B, Gee SJ, Hammock BD. Development of an Immunoassay for the Detection of the Phenylpyrazole Insecticide Fipronil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:10038-10047. [PMID: 26196357 PMCID: PMC4605820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Phenylpyrazole insecticides such as fipronil have been used as replacements for organophosphates. The wide application of fipronil raises concern about environmental contamination and risk for fish, birds, and other nontargeted beings as well as human health. A sensitive, competitive indirect heterologous enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed. Antibodies with different specificities to fipronil and its metabolites were produced. Two ELISAs having IC50 values of 0.58 ± 0.06 and 2.6 ± 0.4 ng/mL were developed. Design of different haptens and coating antigens resulted in two assays with distinct cross-reactivity patterns for structurally related compounds: 96, 38, and 101% versus 39, 1.4, and 25% for fipronil-sulfide, fipronil-detrifluoromethylsulfonyl, and fipronil-desulfinyl, respectively. Performance of the immunoassays was demonstrated by a recovery study from spiked water and human serum and urine matrices, giving recovery values in the range of 85-111% for different concentrations. The assays demonstrated good correlation in fipronil recovery with conventional LC-MS/MS analysis. The generic assay 2265 has the sensitivity to measure fipronil and its analogs in serum at levels relevant for exposure monitoring. The assays were used to analyze human urine samples obtained from exposure studies and serum samples from rats treated with a fipronil-containing diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vasylieva
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Ki Chang Ahn
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Bogdan Barnych
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Shirley J. Gee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Corresponding Author, Tel. : 530-752-8465. Fax : 530-752-7519.
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11
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Jongedijk E, Cankar K, Ranzijn J, van der Krol S, Bouwmeester H, Beekwilder J. Capturing of the monoterpene olefin limonene produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 2014; 32:159-71. [PMID: 25164098 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoterpene olefins such as limonene are plant compounds with applications as flavouring and fragrance agents, as solvents and potentially also in polymer and fuel chemistry. We engineered baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to express a (-)-limonene synthase from Perilla frutescens and a (+)-limonene synthase from Citrus limon. Both proteins were expressed either with their native plastid targeting signal or in a truncated form in which the plastidial sorting signal was removed. The yeast host strain for expression was AE9 K197G, which expresses a mutant Erg20 enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the formation of geranyl diphosphate, which is the precursor for monoterpenes. Several methods were tested to capture limonene produced by the yeast. Extraction from the culture medium by pentane, or by the addition of CaCl2 followed by solid-phase micro-extraction, did not lead to detectable limonene, indicating that limonene is rapidly lost from the culture medium. Volatile terpenes such as limonene may also be trapped in a dodecane phase added to the medium during fermentation. This method resulted in recovery of 0.028 mg/l (+)-limonene and 0.060 mg/l (-)-limonene in strains using the truncated Citrus and Perilla synthases, respectively. Trapping the headspace during culture of the limonene synthase-expressing strains resulted in higher titres, at 0.12 mg/l (+)-limonene and 0.49 mg/l (-)-limonene. These results show that the volatile properties of the olefins produced require specific methods for efficient recovery of these molecules from biotechnological production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmer Jongedijk
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, The Netherlands
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12
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Liu Y, Guo Y, Zhu G, Tang F. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of five organophosphorus pesticides in camellia oil. J Food Prot 2014; 77:1178-83. [PMID: 24988025 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A matrix solid-phase dispersion and direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MSPD-ELISA) was developed for five organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) in camellia oil. Seven haptens with different substituents in the aromatic ring were used to prepare different competitors; the ELISA showed highest sensitivity and specificity to OPs when the competitor had moderate heterology to the immunizing hapten. Several assay conditions were optimized to increase the ELISA sensitivity. The optimized ELISA for five OPs had 50% inhibitory concentrations of 6.3 ng/ml (parathion), 18.9 ng/ml (methyl parathion), 120.7 ng/ml (fenitrothion), 110.4 ng/ml (fenthion), and 20.7 ng/ml (phoxim). The average recoveries of five OPs in camellia oil ranged from 75.7 to 105.3%, with the interassay coefficient of variations ranging from 6.0 to 13.4%. Compared with the results previously reported, the ELISA that was developed in the present study showed a much higher sensitivity. Additionally, MSPD was used in the sample preparation to minimize the matrix effect. Recoveries from the method developed here were in agreement with those obtained by gas chromatography, which indicated that the detection performance of the MSPD-ELISA could meet the regulatory requirements of different governments and international organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Liu
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, People's Republic of China; Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yirong Guo
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Fubin Tang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, People's Republic of China.
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Chen X, Xu L, Ma W, Liu L, Kuang H, Peng C, Wang L, Xu C. Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Cyhalothrin. Immunol Invest 2013; 42:493-503. [DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2013.797909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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14
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McCoy MR, Yang Z, Fu X, Ahn KC, Gee SJ, Bom DC, Zhong P, Chang D, Hammock BD. Monitoring of total type ii pyrethroid pesticides in citrus oils and water by converting to a common product 3-phenoxybenzoic acid. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:5065-70. [PMID: 22486225 PMCID: PMC3412423 DOI: 10.1021/jf2051653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids are a class of insecticides that are becoming increasingly popular in agricultural and home use applications. Sensitive assays for pyrethroid insecticides in complex matrices are difficult with both instrumental and immunochemical methods. Environmental analysis of the pyrethroids by immunoassay requires either knowing which pyrethroids contaminate the source or the use of nonspecific antibodies with cross-reactivities to a class of compounds. We describe an alternative method that converts the type II pyrethroids to a common chemical product, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), prior to analysis. This method is much more sensitive than detecting the parent compound, and it is much easier to detect a single compound rather than an entire class of compounds. This is useful in screening for pyrethroids as a class or in situations where a single type of pyrethroid is used. We demonstrated this technique in both citrus oils and environmental water samples with conversion rates of the pyrethroid to 3-PBA that range from 45 to 75% and methods that require no extraction steps for either the immunoassay or the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques. Limits of detection for this technique applied to orange oil are 5 nM, 2 μM, and 0.8 μM when detected by LC-MS/MS, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and immunoassay, respectively. The limit of detection for pyrethroids in water when detected by immunoassay was 2 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R. McCoy
- Department of Entomology and UCD Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Zheng Yang
- Givaudan Flavors Corp., 4705 U.S. Highway 92 East, Lakeland, FL 33801
| | - Xun Fu
- Givaudan Flavors Corp., 1199 Edison Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45216
| | - Ki Chang Ahn
- Department of Entomology and UCD Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | | | - David C. Bom
- Givaudan Flavors Corp., 1199 Edison Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45216
| | - Ping Zhong
- Givaudan Flavors Corp., 1199 Edison Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45216
| | - Dan Chang
- Synthia-LLC, P.O. Box 1238, Gualala, CA 95445
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and UCD Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616
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Esteve-Turrillas FA, Agulló C, Abad-Fuentes A, Abad-Somovilla A, Mercader JV. Immunoreagent generation and competitive assay development for cyprodinil analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:4803-4811. [PMID: 22500467 DOI: 10.1021/jf300319n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cyprodinil is an anilinopyrimidine fungicide applied worldwide for the prevention and treatment of highly destructive plant diseases in a large variety of crops, including cereals, fruits, and vegetables. This paper describes the development of the first reported immunoassays for cyprodinil. Two original haptens have been synthesized and conjugated to different carrier proteins, and polyclonal antibodies have been produced. Moreover, competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays have been developed and characterized for the analysis of this widely used pesticide. The influence of organic solvents and buffer conditions over the assay analytical parameters was studied. The IC(50) values of the optimized immunoassays were 1.6 and 2.8 ng/mL for the direct and indirect formats, respectively. Quantitative recoveries were found using spiked apple and grape juice samples after a simple direct dilution, and a limit of quantification of 20 ng/mL for both fruit matrices was achieved. These immunoreagents could be very valuable for the sensitive, straightforward, and rapid monitoring of cyprodinil residues in foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc A Esteve-Turrillas
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC), Agustí Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, València, Spain
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16
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Liao HT, Hsieh CJ, Chiang SY, Lin MH, Chen PC, Wu KY. Simultaneous analysis of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin in cord blood plasma by online solid-phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography–heated electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:1961-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Revised: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ahn KC, Kim HJ, Mccoy MR, Gee SJ, Hammock BD. Immunoassays and biosensors for monitoring environmental and human exposure to pyrethroid insecticides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:2792-802. [PMID: 21105656 PMCID: PMC3070843 DOI: 10.1021/jf1033569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes some of the early work on pyrethroid insecticides in the Casida laboratory and briefly reviews the development and application of immunochemical approaches for the detection of pyrethroid insecticides and their metabolites for monitoring environmental and human exposure. Multiple technologies can be combined to enhance the sensitivity and speed of immunochemical analysis. The pyrethroid assays are used to illustrate the use of some of these immunoreagents such as antibodies, competitive mimics, and novel binding agents such as phage-displayed peptides. The paper also illustrates reporters such as fluorescent dyes, chemiluminescent compounds, and luminescent lanthanide nanoparticles, as well as the application of magnetic separation, and automatic instrumental systems, biosensors, and novel immunological technologies. These new technologies alone and in combination result in an improved ability to both determine if effective levels of pyrethroids are being used in the field and evaluate possible contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Chang Ahn
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Hee-Joo Kim
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Mark R. Mccoy
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Shirley J. Gee
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
- Corresponding author [telephone (530) 752–7519; fax (530) 752–1537; ]
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