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Carpio MJ, Andrades MS, Herrero-Hernández E, Marín-Benito JM, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Rodríguez-Cruz MS. Changes in vineyard soil parameters after repeated application of organic-inorganic amendments based on spent mushroom substrate. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 221:115339. [PMID: 36682445 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The changes of physicochemical and biochemical parameters of a silty loam (S1) and sandy loam (S2) vineyard soils added with spent mushroom substrate (SMS) or SMS composted with ophite (OF) as rock dust (SMS + OF) were studied. Two doses of SMS or SMS + OF (25 and 100 Mg ha-1) were applied for two consecutive years (2020-2021) and changes of soil physicochemical parameters, and dehydrogenase activity (DHA), respiration (RES), microbial biomass (BIO), and the phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) profile were assayed on a temporal basis. The results showed an increase in soil organic carbon (OC) content, total and mineralised N, P, and K, especially when the highest SMS dose was applied to soils. Repeated application caused OC content over time up to 2.3 times higher than initial content in the silty loam soil. This increase was not observed in sandy soil, possibly due to a higher bioavailability of OC, as indicated by the evolution of extractable humic acid/fulvic acid pools. In both soils, all biochemical parameters increased after amendment, being favoured both by the OC and by the presence of OF. Significant positive correlations were found between DHA, RES and BIO, and OC content especially in the first part and then levelled off after the second dose application. Total bacterial or fungal PLFAs patterns reflected the variation of BIO by SMS application. The higher growth of fungi vs. bacterial community in amended soils was recorded after the first SMS application, although the opposite effect occurred after the second application, with similar results in both soils. The findings indicate that the application of SMS or SMS + OF in vineyard soils could be an appropriate agronomic management practice for maintaining soil sustainability, although doses and application times of these amendments should first be evaluated depending on soil texture.
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Affiliation(s)
- M José Carpio
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Soledad Andrades
- Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentación, Universidad de La Rioja, Madre de Dios 51, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - Eliseo Herrero-Hernández
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain; Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidad de Salamanca, Plaza de Los Caídos s/n, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jesús M Marín-Benito
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - María J Sánchez-Martín
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
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Gao Y, Wu Z, Li W, Sun H, Chai Y, Li T, Liu C, Gong X, Liang Y, Qin P. Expanding the valorization of waste mushroom substrates in agricultural production: progress and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:2355-2373. [PMID: 36399293 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Waste mushroom substrate (WMS) generated in large quantities from mushroom production process has caused severe environmental pollution. As a sustainable resource, the valorization of WMS in the agricultural field has attracted attention due to the abundant active components. A comprehensive review of valorization of WMS in agricultural production is meaningful to promote the further utilization of this resource. This paper provided an overview of the valorization in sustainable agricultural production using WMS, including animal and crop farming improvement, and agricultural environmental restoration. Moreover, the limitations and the possible development directions of WMS in agricultural production were discussed. Different sustainable cycle models for WMS in agricultural production were proposed. The aim of this review is to provide a feasible solution for the favorable treatment of WMS and improvement of agricultural production quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Gao
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibin Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiming Li
- Hunan Provincial Center of Ecology and Environment Affairs, Changsha, 410019, China
| | - Haibo Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Youzheng Chai
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyou Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Gong
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunshan Liang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Pufeng Qin
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China.
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Manjarres-López DP, Andrades MS, Sánchez-González S, Rodríguez-Cruz MS, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Herrero-Hernández E. Assessment of pesticide residues in waters and soils of a vineyard region and its temporal evolution. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117463. [PMID: 34090253 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture practices and integrated pest management for avoiding environmental pollution are necessary to maintain a high yield in vineyard areas. Pesticide residues in groundwater in a vineyard area of La Rioja (Spain) have been evaluated in previous years, and they could now have varied after farmers have adopted the different measures recommended. Accordingly, this research's objectives were (i) to evaluate the occurrence and seasonal distribution (spring, summer, and autumn samplings) of pesticides (36) plus their degradation products (DP) (11) in water and soil samples (23 + 15) in La Rioja (Northern Spain), and (ii) to compare the current water quality (2019) with that determined previously (2011). A multi-residue method based on solid phase extraction (for water samples) or solid liquid extraction (for soil samples) and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) was used to determine and quantify pesticides. The results reveal the presence in waters of 30 compounds from those selected (15 fungicides + 2 DP, 7 insecticides + 1 DP, and 3 herbicides +2 DP), with 14 of them at concentrations > 0.1 μg L-1 (water quality threshold for human consumption). The highest number of compounds was detected in summer (waters) and spring (soils). The pesticides most frequently detected in water samples were the fungicides metalaxyl, tebuconazole, and boscalid, with the last one being the compound found in the highest number of soil samples. The comparison of water pollution in 2011 and 2019 indicates a significant decrease in the total concentration of herbicides, fungicides and insecticides in 95-100%, 76-90%, and 42-85% of samples in the three campaigns, respectively. The results indicate that an optimized and sustainable use of pesticides in intensive and high-yield agricultural areas could reduce environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana P Manjarres-López
- Department of Agriculture and Food. University of La Rioja, Madre de Dios 51, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - M Soledad Andrades
- Department of Agriculture and Food. University of La Rioja, Madre de Dios 51, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - Sara Sánchez-González
- European University Miguel de Cervantes, Padre Julio Chevalier 2, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - M Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María J Sánchez-Martín
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Eliseo Herrero-Hernández
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science. University of Salamanca, Plaza de la Merced s/n, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
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Effect of Multiple Stresses, Organic Amendment and Compaction, on the Fate and Impact of Isoproturon in Soil. ENVIRONMENTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/environments7100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Organic matter decline and compaction are two major processes of soil degradation. Organic amendment is a current practice to compensate the loss of organic matter, which could in addition contribute to increase soil aggregate stability and limit compaction. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the effect of multiple physico-chemical stresses, organic amendment (compost of sewage sludge and green waste) addition and soil compaction, on the fate and impact (measured through the urease enzyme activity) of isoproturon. Compost addition and compaction did not significantly affect the fate and impact of isoproturon. The lack of effect of compost can be due to the delay between soil sampling and soil amendment. Compaction had no effect probably because the porosity reduction does not affect the habitable pore space accessible to degrading microorganisms. Nevertheless, isoproturon significantly increased the urease enzyme activity in compacted and not compacted unamended soils contrary to the amended ones. It seems that the organic amendment could act as a buffer with regards to the impact of isoproturon. The results obtained in this work suggest that, in general, the fate and impact of isoproturon in soils will not change following compaction and/or organic amendment addition, neither the corresponding risks for the environment.
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Barba V, Marín-Benito JM, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Rodríguez-Cruz MS. Transport of 14C-prosulfocarb through soil columns under different amendment, herbicide incubation and irrigation regimes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 701:134542. [PMID: 31734489 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study sets out to evaluate the effect on the leaching of prosulfocarb through packed soil columns of applying green compost (GC) as an organic amendment (20% w/w), herbicide ageing over 28 days in the soil (incubation vs. no incubation), and two different irrigation regimes (saturated or saturated-unsaturated flows). Peak concentrations decreased after herbicide incubation in the columns for both unamended (S) and amended (S + GC) soils under both flow regimes. The leached amounts decreased when the herbicide was incubated for 28 days in S (2.1 and 1.9 times) and S + GC (2.9 and 1.6 times), under saturated or saturated-unsaturated flow, respectively. In the S columns, the total amounts retained (43.3%-60.8%) were lower than the ones obtained for the S + GC columns under saturated flow (77.4%-85.2%), suggesting a stronger interaction between the herbicide and the GC-amended soil. This behaviour was not observed under saturated-unsaturated flow, as the total amounts retained were similar in both the S and S + GC columns. Prosulfocarb was primarily retained in the first segment of the S (>28%) and S + GC (>43%) columns under all conditions. Incubation time did not greatly affect the herbicide retention, but it significantly increased the mineralized amount under saturated flow. The total balances of 14C-prosulfocarb were >73% and >80% in the S and S + GC columns, respectively, indicating that amendment decreased prosulfocarb loss by volatilization. Several factors, such as amendment, herbicide ageing and water flow, proved to be important for controlling the leaching of this herbicide through the soil profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Barba
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jesús M Marín-Benito
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - María J Sánchez-Martín
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
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Parlavecchia M, D'Orazio V, Loffredo E. Wood biochars and vermicomposts from digestate modulate the extent of adsorption-desorption of the fungicide metalaxyl-m in a silty soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:35924-35934. [PMID: 31707613 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06729-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate changes in metalaxyl-M sorption-desorption capacity of soil following the addition of two types of amendments. Two biochars (BC) from grapevine pruning residues (BC-G) and spruce wood (BC-S) and two vermicomposts (VC) obtained vermicomposting digestates from a mixture of manure and olive mill wastewater (VC-M) and buffalo manure (VC-B) were used. Using a batch equilibration method, the materials and a silt loam soil non-amended or amended with each material at 2% (w/w) were interacted with the fungicide at a concentration of 2 mg L-1 for kinetics study and in the range 1-20 mg L-1 for sorption isotherms. Kinetics results showed that metalaxyl-M onto the amendments and non-amended soil followed preferentially a pseudo-second-order model, thus indicating a chemisorption process. Sorption isotherm data of the product on BC and VC fitted well the Freundlich equation, whereas those on non-amended and amended soil followed preferentially a linear model. The KFads values were 995.2, 788.5, 55.2, 52.1, 6.4, 6.0, 3.4, 2.6 and 1.5 L kg-1 for BC-G, BC-S, VC-M, VC-B, soil-BC-G, soil-BC-S, soil-VC-M, soil-VC-B and non-amended soil, respectively. Product desorption from each soil sample occurred to a lesser extent than sorption. Highly significant correlations (P < 0.005) were found between the values of sorption and desorption constants of all adsorbents and organic C content, thus confirming the prominent role of organic matter in the sorption process of metalaxyl-M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Parlavecchia
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Valeria D'Orazio
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Loffredo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy.
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7
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Marín-Benito JM, Barba V, Ordax JM, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Rodríguez-Cruz MS. Recycling organic residues in soils as amendments: Effect on the mobility of two herbicides under different management practices. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 224:172-181. [PMID: 30041096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The addition of organic residues to soil to increase its organic matter content is considered as a viable option for sustainable food production in soils sensitive to degradation and erosion. However, the recycling of these organic residues in agricultural soils needs to be previously appraised because they can modify the behaviour of pesticides when they are simultaneously applied in agricultural practices. This study evaluated the changes in the mobility and persistence of two herbicides, triasulfuron and prosulfocarb, after two repeated applications in field experimental plots in an unamended soil and one amended with green compost (GC) for seven months. Different factors were studied: i) soil without amendment (S), ii) soil amended with two doses of GC (∼12 t C ha-1, S + GC1 and 40 t C ha-1, S + GC2), and iii) soils unamended and amended with different irrigation conditions: non-irrigated and with additional irrigation (2.8 mm per week). After the first application of herbicides, the results initially indicated no significant effects of soil treatments or irrigation conditions for triasulfuron mobility in agreement with the residual concentrations in the soil profile. The effect of irrigation was noted after one month of herbicide application and the effect of the soil treatment was significant after two months because the persistence of triasulfuron in S + GC2 was maintained until 50% of the applied amount. For prosulfocarb, the influence of soil amendment was significant for the initial persistence of the herbicide in S + GC2, higher than in S or S + GC1, in agreement with its adsorption constants for this soil. However, dissipation or leaching of the herbicide over time was not inhibited in this soil. After the repeated application of herbicides, the influence of the treatment of soils and/or irrigation was significant for the leaching and dissipation of both herbicides. The initial dissipation/degradation or leaching of herbicides was higher than after the first application, although persistence was maintained after five months of application in amended soils for triasulfuron and in unamended and amended soils for prosulfocarb. The results confirm that high doses of GC increased the persistence of both herbicides. This practice may offer the possibility of applying a tailored dose of GC to soil for striking a balance between residual concentrations and the soil agronomic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Marín-Benito
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), C/ Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - V Barba
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), C/ Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - J M Ordax
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), C/ Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - M J Sánchez-Martín
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), C/ Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - M S Rodríguez-Cruz
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), C/ Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
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Pose-Juan E, Marín-Benito JM, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Rodríguez-Cruz MS. Dissipation of herbicides after repeated application in soils amended with green compost and sewage sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 223:1068-1077. [PMID: 30096747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Certain agricultural practices, such as the repeated application of herbicides or organic amendments to soil, can influence herbicide dissipation. This research has studied the effects of two repeated applications of mesotrione, pethoxamid, and triasulfuron on their dissipation rates in unamended soil (S) and soil amended with green compost (S+GC) or sewage sludge (S+SS). The dissipation experiment has also included an evaluation of the adsorption of the three herbicides by soils and of changes in soil dehydrogenase activity (DHA). The adsorption of the three herbicides by amended soils (Kf range 0.83-2.98) was higher than by unamended soil (Kf range 0.20-0.64). The adsorption coefficients (Kd) of mesotrione and triasulfuron were higher for S+SS, while that of pethoxamid was higher for S+GC, but no relationship between values for the time to 50% degradation (DT50) and adsorption coefficients could be determined. The repeated application of mesotrione decreased its dissipation rate in unamended soil (DT50 increased from 4.75 to 8.15 days) and amended soils (DT50 increased from 11.7 to 28.2 days in S+GC and from 17.7 to 37.9 in S+SS), whereas the repeated application of pethoxamid increased its dissipation rate in all the treatments, and the rate for triasulfuron increased only in amended soils. The highest DT50 values for pethoxamid (12.3 days) and triasulfuron (57.1 days) were in S+GC, and the lowest in S+SS (8.35 and 24.7 days). Soil DHA was stimulated by the presence of GC in the soil and by the first application of mesotrione. The second application of mesotrione and pethoxamid positively affected soil DHA, but this did not occur for triasulfuron. The repeated applications of herbicides and soil organic amendments have different effects on herbicide dissipation, adsorption, and soil DHA, and they should be taken into account when assessing soil quality and other potential environmental implications of pesticide use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pose-Juan
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC). 40-52 Cordel de Merinas, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Jesús M Marín-Benito
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC). 40-52 Cordel de Merinas, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - María J Sánchez-Martín
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC). 40-52 Cordel de Merinas, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - M Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC). 40-52 Cordel de Merinas, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
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Kulshreshtha S. Mushroom Biomass and Spent Mushroom Substrate As Adsorbent to Remove Pollutants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-92162-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
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10
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Herrero-Hernández E, Rodríguez-Cruz MS, Pose-Juan E, Sánchez-González S, Andrades MS, Sánchez-Martín MJ. Seasonal distribution of herbicide and insecticide residues in the water resources of the vineyard region of La Rioja (Spain). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 609:161-171. [PMID: 28750227 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are needed to maintain high production in the vineyard area of La Rioja (Spain), and monitoring their spatial distribution is a priority for preserving the quality of natural resources. Accordingly, the purpose of this work was to conduct a study to evaluate the presence and seasonal distribution of herbicide and insecticide residues in ground and surface waters in this region. The monitoring network comprised 12 surface waters and 78 groundwaters, covering the three subareas (63,593ha) into which the vineyard region is divided. The quality of natural waters was examined through the analysis of twenty-two herbicides, eight of their main degradation products, and eight insecticides. Pesticides were extracted by solid-phase extraction, and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry or by liquid-chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results reveal the presence of most of the herbicides and insecticides included in the study in one or more of the samples collected during the four campaigns. The herbicide terbuthylazine and its metabolite desethylterbuthylazine were the compounds more frequently detected (present in >65% of the samples across all the campaigns). Other compounds detected in >50% of the samples in one sampling campaign were the herbicides fluometuron, metolachlor, alachlor and ethofumesate. Insecticides were present in a small number of samples, with only pirimicarb being detected in >25% of the samples in March and June campaigns. The results reveal that the sum of compounds detected (mainly herbicides) was higher than 0.5μgL-1 in >50% of the samples, especially in the campaigns with the highest application of these compounds. A possible recovery of the quality of the waters was detected outside the periods of crop cultivation, although more monitoring programmes are needed to confirm this trend with a view to preventing and/or maintaining the sustainability of natural resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliseo Herrero-Hernández
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - M Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Eva Pose-Juan
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sara Sánchez-González
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Soledad Andrades
- Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentación, Universidad de La Rioja, 51 Madre de Dios, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Maria J Sánchez-Martín
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
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Morillo E, Villaverde J. Advanced technologies for the remediation of pesticide-contaminated soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 586:576-597. [PMID: 28214125 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of pesticides in soil has become a highly significant environmental problem, which has been increased by the vast use of pesticides worldwide and the absence of remediation technologies that have been tested at full-scale. The aim of this review is to give an overview on technologies really studied and/or developed during the last years for remediation of soils contaminated by pesticides. Depending on the nature of the decontamination process, these techniques have been included into three categories: containment-immobilization, separation or destruction. The review includes some considerations about the status of emerging technologies as well as their advantages, limitations, and pesticides treated. In most cases, emerging technologies, such as those based on oxidation-reduction or bioremediation, may be incorporated into existing technologies to improve their performance or overcome limitations. Research and development actions are still needed for emerging technologies to bring them for full-scale implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Morillo
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Seville (IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina Mercedes, 10, Sevilla E-41012, Spain.
| | - J Villaverde
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Seville (IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina Mercedes, 10, Sevilla E-41012, Spain
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12
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Impact of Spent Mushroom Substrates on the Fate of Pesticides in Soil, and Their Use for Preventing and/or Controlling Soil and Water Contamination: A Review. TOXICS 2016; 4:toxics4030017. [PMID: 29051422 PMCID: PMC5606655 DOI: 10.3390/toxics4030017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intensive crop production involves a high consumption of pesticides. This is a cause of major environmental concern because the presence of pesticides in water is becoming increasingly common. Physicochemical methods based on soil modification with organic residues have been developed to enhance the immobilization and/or degradation of pesticides in agricultural soils, which may control both the diffuse and the point pollution of soils and waters. This review summarizes the influence of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) on the environmental fate of pesticides when both are simultaneously applied in agriculture. The processes of adsorption, leaching and dissipation of these compounds in SMS-amended soils were evaluated at laboratory and field scale. Relationships were established between the experimental parameters obtained and the properties of the soils, the SMS, and the pesticides in order to determine the effect that the application of SMS in agricultural soils has on the environmental impact of pesticides. Accordingly, this review highlights the use of SMS as a strategy for the prevention and/or control of soil and water contamination by pesticides to strike a balance between agricultural development and the use of these compounds.
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13
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Safaei Khorram M, Zhang Q, Lin D, Zheng Y, Fang H, Yu Y. Biochar: A review of its impact on pesticide behavior in soil environments and its potential applications. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 44:269-279. [PMID: 27266324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is produced from the pyrolysis of carbon-rich plant- and animal-residues under low oxygen and high temperature conditions and has been increasingly used for its positive role in soil compartmentalization through activities such as carbon sequestration and improving soil quality. Biochar is also considered a unique adsorbent due to its high specific surface area and highly carbonaceous nature. Therefore, soil amendments with small amounts of biochar could result in higher adsorption and, consequently, decrease the bioavailability of contaminants to microbial communities, plants, earthworms, and other organisms in the soil. However, the mechanisms affecting the environmental fate and behavior of organic contaminants, especially pesticides in biochar-amended soil, are not well understood. The purpose of this work is to review the role of biochar in primary processes, such as adsorption-desorption and leaching of pesticides. Biochar has demonstrable effects on the fate and effects of pesticides and has been shown to affect the degradation and bioavailability of pesticides for living organisms. Moreover, some key aspects of agricultural and environmental applications of biochar are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Safaei Khorram
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dunli Lin
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hua Fang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yunlong Yu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Gámiz B, Pignatello JJ, Cox L, Hermosín MC, Celis R. Environmental fate of the fungicide metalaxyl in soil amended with composted olive-mill waste and its biochar: An enantioselective study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 541:776-783. [PMID: 26433334 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A large number of pesticides are chiral and reach the environment as mixtures of optical isomers or enantiomers. Agricultural practices can affect differently the environmental fate of the individual enantiomers. We investigated how amending an agricultural soil with composted olive-mill waste (OMWc) or its biochar (BC) at 2% (w:w) affected the sorption, degradation, and leaching of each of the two enantiomers of the chiral fungicide metalaxyl. Sorption of metalaxyl enantiomers was higher on BC (Kd ≈ 145 L kg(-1)) than on OMWc (Kd ≈ 22 L kg(-1)) and was not enantioselective in either case, and followed the order BC-amended>OMWc-amended>unamended soil. Both enantiomers showed greater resistance to desorption from BC-amended soil compared to unamended and OMWc-amended soil. Dissipation studies revealed that the degradation of metalaxyl was more enantioselective (R>S) in unamended and OMWc-amended soil than in BC-amended soil. The leaching of both S- and R-metalaxyl from soil columns was almost completely suppressed after amending the soil with BC and metalaxyl residues remaining in the soil columns were more racemic than those in soil column leachates. Our findings show that addition of BC affected the final enantioselective behavior of metalaxyl in soil indirectly by reducing its bioavailability through sorption, and to a greater extent than OMWc. BC showed high sorption capacity to remove metalaxyl enantiomers from water, immobilize metalaxyl enantiomers in soil, and mitigate the groundwater contamination problems particularly associated with the high leaching potential of the more persistent enantiomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Gámiz
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Joseph J Pignatello
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington St., P.O. Box 1106, New Haven, CT 06504-1106, United States
| | - Lucía Cox
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - María C Hermosín
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rafael Celis
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
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15
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Celis R, Gámiz B, Facenda G, Hermosín MC. Enantioselective sorption of the chiral fungicide metalaxyl on soil from non-racemic aqueous solutions: Environmental implications. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 300:581-589. [PMID: 26259163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms governing the enantioselectivity of the processes that determine the behavior of chiral pollutants in the environment need to be better understood. Understanding these mechanisms should help improve predictions of the hazards and risks chiral compounds can pose to people and the environment. We report the results of batch sorption experiments indicating that the sorption of the chiral fungicide metalaxyl on soil from non-racemic initial solutions was enantioselective. While from a racemic initial solution the two enantiomers of metalaxyl were sorbed on the soil to the same extent, increasing the fraction of R-enantiomer in the initial solution led to enhanced sorption of this enantiomer and to reduced sorption of the S-enantiomer. Considering the shape of the sorption isotherms (S-type) and the sorption behavior of model sorbents, we attributed this effect to molecular interactions between metalaxyl enantiomer species at the sorbed state, where R-R metalaxyl interactions appeared to be more favorable than R-S metalaxyl interactions. We discuss important environmental implications of the proposed mechanism, such as those related to the fact that the biological degradation of metalaxyl is known to be an enantioselective process that can yield non-racemic residues in soils shortly after application of the fungicide as a racemic mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Celis
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Gámiz
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Gracia Facenda
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - María C Hermosín
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
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16
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Karas P, Metsoviti A, Zisis V, Ehaliotis C, Omirou M, Papadopoulou ES, Menkissoglou-Spiroudi U, Manta S, Komiotis D, Karpouzas DG. Dissipation, metabolism and sorption of pesticides used in fruit-packaging plants: Towards an optimized depuration of their pesticide-contaminated agro-industrial effluents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 530-531:129-139. [PMID: 26042894 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Wastewaters from the fruit-packaging industry constitute a serious point source contamination with pesticides. In the absence of effective depuration methods, they are discharged in municipal wastewater treatment plants or spread to land. Modified biobeds could be an applicable solution for their treatment. We studied the dissipation of thiabendazole (TBZ), imazalil (IMZ), ortho-phenylphenol (OPP), diphenylamine (DPA) and ethoxyquin (EQ), used by the fruit-packaging industry, in anaerobically digested sewage sludge, liquid aerobic sewage sludge and in various organic substrates (biobeds packing materials) composed of soil, straw and spend mushroom substrate (SMS) in various volumetric ratios. Pesticide sorption was also determined. TBZ and IMZ showed higher persistence especially in the anaerobically digested sewage sludge (DT50=32.3-257.6d), in contrast to OPP and DPA which were rapidly dissipated especially in liquid aerobic sewage sludge (DT50=1.3-9.3d). EQ was rapidly oxidized mainly to quinone imine (QI) which did not persist and dimethyl ethoxyquinoline (EQNL, minor metabolite) which persisted for longer. Sterilization of liquid aerobic sewage sludge inhibited pesticide decay verifying the microbial nature of pesticide dissipation. Organic substrates rich in SMS showed the highest dissipation capacity with TBZ and IMZ DT50s of ca. 28 d compared to DT50s of >50 d in the other substrates. TBZ and IMZ showed the highest sorption affinity, whereas OPP and DPA were weakly sorbed. Our findings suggest that current disposal practices could not guarantee an efficient depuration of effluents from the fruit-packaging industry, whereas SMS-rich biobed organic substrates show efficient depuration of effluents from the fruit-packaging industry via accelerated dissipation even of recalcitrant fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Karas
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou, 41221 Larissa, Greece
| | - Aria Metsoviti
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou, 41221 Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasileios Zisis
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou, 41221 Larissa, Greece
| | - Constantinos Ehaliotis
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Natural Resources and Agricultural Engineering, Laboratory of Soils and Agricultural Chemistry, 75 Iera Odos Str., 11855 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Evangelia S Papadopoulou
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou, 41221 Larissa, Greece; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Urania Menkissoglou-Spiroudi
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Stella Manta
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou, 41221 Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitri Komiotis
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou, 41221 Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Karpouzas
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou, 41221 Larissa, Greece.
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17
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Marín-Benito JM, Rodríguez-Cruz MS, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Mamy L. Modeling fungicides mobility in undisturbed vineyard soil cores unamended and amended with spent mushroom substrates. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 134:408-416. [PMID: 25985099 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The performance of the pesticide fate model PRZM to predict the fate of two fungicides, penconazole and metalaxyl, and the major metabolite of metalaxyl (CGA-62826), in amended and unamended vineyard soils was tested from undisturbed soils columns experiments. Three different treatments were tested in two soils: control soil (unamended), and soil amended with fresh or composted spent mushroom substrates, which correspond to common agricultural practices in Spain. Leaching experiments were performed under non-saturated flow conditions. The model was parameterized with laboratory and literature data, and using pedotransfer functions. It was first calibrated for water flow against chloride breakthrough curves. The key parameter was the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient (DISP). No leaching of penconazole, the most hydrophobic fungicide, was observed. It remained in the top 0-8 cm of the column. In any case, simulations were highly correlated to the experimental results. On the contrary, metalaxyl and its metabolite were consistently found in the leachates. A calibration step of the Kd of metalaxyl and CGA-62826 and of DISP for CGA-62826 was necessary to obtain good prediction of the leaching of both compounds. PRZM generally simulated acceptable metalaxyl vertical distribution in the soil profiles although results were overestimated for its metabolite. Nevertheless, PRZM can be reasonably used to assess the leaching (through breakthrough curves) and vertical distribution of fungicides in amended soils, knowing their DISP values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús María Marín-Benito
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - María Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Jesús Sánchez-Martín
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Laure Mamy
- INRA-AgroParisTech, UMR 1402 ECOSYS, Route de Saint Cyr, 78026 Versailles, France
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18
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Khorram MS, Wang Y, Jin X, Fang H, Yu Y. Reduced mobility of fomesafen through enhanced adsorption in biochar-amended soil. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:1258-1266. [PMID: 25703508 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The residual soil material resulting from biomass thermochemical transformation during carbon separation, known as biochar, has been introduced as a soil amendment because of its numerous environmental benefits, including uses for contaminated land management. Adsorption and leaching of fomesafen in soils amended with 3 different rates of rice hull biochar (0.5%, 1%, and 2% w/w) under laboratory conditions were investigated, and studies were performed following a batch equilibration adsorption-desorption procedure and a column experiment for leaching. Adsorption-desorption data fit with the Freundlich equation well. The adsorption coefficient of fomesafen sharply increased from 0.59 to 0.99 to 8.02 to 22.23 when the amount of biochar amendment in the soil increased from 0% to 2% (w/w). In addition, a strong correlation was found between the amount of adsorbed fomesafen and the rate of amended biochar (r > 0.992, p < 0.01). Furthermore, biochar amendments reduced the desorption percentage of fomesafen in the soils. The outcomes of the leaching experiment also illustrated that the lowest fomesafen concentration in the leachate (21.4%) occurred in the soil amended with 2% (w/w) biochar. Moreover, the adsorption coefficients (K(f)(ads)) of the soil were positively correlated with the total amount of adsorbed fomesafen in the corresponding soil columns (r = 0.990, p < 0.01) and negatively correlated with the leachate percentage (r = 0.987, p < 0.05). The results of the present study suggest that biochar amendments in agricultural soils likely alter the fate of herbicides by decreasing their transport through enhanced adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Safaei Khorram
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangxiang Jin
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Fang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunlong Yu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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19
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Pose-Juan E, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Andrades MS, Rodríguez-Cruz MS, Herrero-Hernández E. Pesticide residues in vineyard soils from Spain: Spatial and temporal distributions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 514:351-358. [PMID: 25679815 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Spatial and temporal evaluations of seventeen pesticides and some of their degradation products were carried out in seventeen vineyard soils from La Rioja region (Spain). The soils were sampled in March, June and October 2012, and the pesticides were selected among those previously detected in surface and ground waters from the same area. All pesticides were detected in some of the soils in the three different areas of La Rioja at the different sampling times, with only the metalaxyl metabolite, CGA-62826, not being detected in any of the soils sampled in October. The highest concentrations were determined for the fungicides metalaxyl (11.5 μg kg(-1)) and triadimenol (26.1 μg kg(-1)), the herbicides fluometuron (174.6 μg kg(-1)) and terbuthylazine (403.3 μg kg(-1)), and the insecticide methoxyfenozide (4.61 μg kg(-1)). While the highest total concentration of pesticides was detected in March, the highest number of positive detections was recorded in June (46), as opposed to 26 and 19 in March and October, respectively. Significant differences were detected in the concentrations of herbicides in soils from the three areas in La Rioja, but this was not the case for the fungicides and the insecticides. The study revealed a more intensive use of herbicides in March, while the use of insecticides and fungicides probably depended on the specific needs of crops and/or the onset of diseases. The results are consistent with the residues found in waters in the region, and highlight the need to implement strategies for more efficient application of these compounds to avoid risk of water contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pose-Juan
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - María J Sánchez-Martín
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Soledad Andrades
- Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentación, Universidad de La Rioja, 51 Madre de Dios, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - M Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Eliseo Herrero-Hernández
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
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20
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Wang W, Chen B, Huang Y. Eggshell membrane-based biotemplating of mixed hemimicelle/admicelle as a solid-phase extraction adsorbent for carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:8051-8059. [PMID: 25025712 DOI: 10.1021/jf501877k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new solid-phase extraction (SPE) format was demonstrated, based on eggshell membrane (ESM) templating of the mixed hemimicelle/admicelle of linear alkylbenzenesulfonates (LAS) as an adsorbent for the enrichment of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environmental aqueous samples. The LAS mixed hemimicelle/admicelle formation and SPE of the target PAHs were conducted simultaneously by adding the organic target and LAS through a column filled with 500 mg of ESM. The effect of various factors, including LAS concentration, solution pH, ionic strength, and humic acid concentration on the recoveries of PAHs were investigated and optimized. The results showed that LAS concentration and solution pH had obvious effect on extraction of PAHs, and the recoveries of PAHs compounds decreased in the presence of salt and humic acid. Under the optimized analytical conditions, the present method could respond down to 0.1-8.6 ng/L PAHs with a linear calibration ranging from 0.02 to 10 μg/L, showing a good PAHs enrichment ability with high sensitivity. The developed method was used satisfactorily for the detection of PAHs in environmental water samples. The mixed hemimicelle/admicelle adsorbent exhibited high extraction efficiency to PAHs and good selectivity with respect to natural organic matter and was advantageous over commercial C₁₈ adsorbent, for example, high extraction yield, high breakthrough volume, and easy regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University , Chongqing 400715, China
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Qin F, Gao YX, Guo BY, Xu P, Li JZ, Wang HL. Environmental behavior of benalaxyl and furalaxyl enantiomers in agricultural soils. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2014; 49:738-746. [PMID: 25065825 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2014.929482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The enantioselective environmental behavior of the chiral fungicides benalaxy and furalaxyl in agricultural soils in China was studied. Although sorption onto soils was non-enantioselective, the leaching of benalaxy and furalaxyl was enantioselective in soil columns. The concentrations of the S-enantiomers of both fungicides in the leachates were higher than the R-enantiomers. This can be attributed to enantioselective degradation of the two fungicides in the soil column. Enantioselective degradation of the two fungicides was verified by soil dissipation experiments, and the R-enantiomers degraded faster than the S-enantiomers in partial soils. The half-life was 27.7-57.8 days for S-benalaxyl, 20.4-53.3 days for R-benalaxyl, 19.3-49.5 days for S-furalaxyl and 11.4-34.7 days for R-furalaxyl. The degradation process of the two fungicide enantiomers followed the first-order kinetics (R(2) > 0.96). Compared to furalaxyl, benalaxyl degraded more slowly and degradation was less enantioselective. These results are attributed to the influence of soil physicochemical properties, soil microorganisms, and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Qin
- a Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
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22
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Gámiz B, Celis R, Hermosín MC, Cornejo J. Effect of olive-mill waste addition to agricultural soil on the enantioselective behavior of the chiral fungicide metalaxyl. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2013; 128:92-99. [PMID: 23722178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Certain soil management practices can affect the enantioselective behavior of chiral pesticide enantiomers in agricultural soils. In this work, laboratory experiments were conducted to study the effects of olive-mill waste (OMW) addition to a Mediterranean agricultural soil on the enantioselectivity of sorption, degradation, and leaching processes of the chiral fungicide metalaxyl. Sorption-desorption isotherms indicated that the sorption of metalaxyl enantiomers by unamended and OMW-amended soil (2% w/w) was non-enantioselective and that OMW addition had little effect on the extent of sorption of metalaxyl enantiomers by the soil. Soil incubation experiments revealed that the degradation of metalaxyl in unamended soil was highly enantioselective, with R-metalaxyl being degraded faster (t1/2 = 12 days) than S-metalaxyl (t1/2 = 39 days). OMW addition to the soil increased the half-life of the biologically-active R-metalaxyl enantiomer from 12 to 28 days, and decreased the half-life of the non-active S-metalaxyl enantiomer from 39 to 33 days. Consequently, the enantioselectivity of metalaxyl degradation in the soil was greatly reduced upon OMW addition. Column leaching data were consistent with batch sorption and incubation results, showing similar retardation of S- and R-metalaxyl in unamended and OMW-amended soil and enantioselective leaching of the fungicide only in unamended soil. The results have important implications regarding the biological efficacy and environmental impact of the fungicide when applied as a mixture of enantiomers or racemate to OMW-treated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Gámiz
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain.
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Celis R, Gámiz B, Adelino MA, Hermosín MC, Cornejo J. Environmental behavior of the enantiomers of the chiral fungicide metalaxyl in Mediterranean agricultural soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 444:288-297. [PMID: 23277323 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Improving the existing knowledge on the enantioselectivity of processes affecting chiral pesticide enantiomers in the environment is necessary to maximize the efficacy and minimize the environmental impact caused by the use of pesticides with chiral properties. In this work, the enantioselectivity of the sorption, degradation, and leaching processes of the chiral fungicide metalaxyl in three slightly alkaline, agricultural soils from southern Spain was studied. Batch sorption experiments indicated that the sorption of racemic-metalaxyl on soils, their clay (<2 μm) fractions, and a number of model sorbents simulating naturally-occurring soil colloidal particles was non-enantioselective; the S-enantiomer was sorbed to the same extent as the R-enantiomer on all soil materials. Soil incubation experiments revealed that the R-enantiomer of metalaxyl was degraded faster than the S-enantiomer in all three soils, but the extent and enantioselectivity of metalaxyl degradation was soil-dependent, occurring more slowly and with less enantioselectivity in the fine-textured soil (soil 1) than in the coarse-textured soils (soils 2 and 3). For soils 2 and 3, S- and R-metalaxyl dissipation data were very well described by single first-order kinetics, whereas for soil 1 dissipation data were better fitted by two coupled first-order equations. It is suggested that sorption and entrapment of metalaxyl enantiomers in the abundant small-size pores of soil 1 (i.e., pore radius<100 nm) could have resulted in a fraction of the fungicide of reduced bioavailability, and consequently, protected from enantioselective degradation. Metalaxyl leaching through soil columns was also enantioselective; the concentration of S-metalaxyl in all leachates collected was greater than that of R-metalaxyl. Despite being non-enantioselective, sorption influenced the enantioselectivity of metalaxyl leaching, as it determined the residence time of the fungicide within the soil column, and consequently, the extent and enantioselectivity of its degradation during leaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Celis
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain.
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Sukul P, Lamshöft M, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Evaluation of sorption-desorption processes for metalaxyl in natural and artificial soils. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2013; 48:431-441. [PMID: 23452208 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2012.761831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The main process controlling soil-pesticide interaction is the sorption-desorption as influenced by active soil surfaces. The sorption phenomena can influence translocation, volatility, persistence and bioactivity of a pesticide in soil. The present investigation was conducted on natural and artificial soils in order to enumerate the effect of soil components such as montmorillonite and ferrihydrite on the sorption behaviour of the fungicide metalaxyl and if sorption-desorption of the chiral pesticide affects the enantiomeric ratio. The sorption-desorption characteristics of metalaxyl were investigated by batch equilibration technique in a natural soil, two artificial soils, and in pure montmorillonite and ferrihydrite. After extraction, pesticide residues were analyzed by conventional and chiral chromatography using tandem mass spectrometry. A KdSorp (2.3-6.5) suggests low level sorption of metalaxyl with an appreciable risk of run-off and leaching. Thus, metalaxyl poses a threat to surface and ground water contamination. Furthermore, desorption tests revealed a hysteretic effect (H ≤ 0.8) in natural and artificial soils. Significant amount of metalaxyl was found tightly bound to the adsorbents without desorbing readily after desorption cycle. Desorption of 22-56% of the total amount of the retained metalaxyl was determined. This study reveals that an artificial soil derived from different soil constituents can be used to assess their influence on sorption/desorption processes. The present investigation showed that both montmorillonite and ferrihydrite play a significant role in the sorption of metalaxyl. The sorption doesn't influence the enantiomeric ratio of racemic metalaxyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premasis Sukul
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
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Marín-Benito JM, Andrades MS, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Rodríguez-Cruz MS. Dissipation of fungicides in a vineyard soil amended with different spent mushroom substrates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:6936-6945. [PMID: 22715816 DOI: 10.1021/jf301322h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The degradation kinetics and formation of metabolites for fungicides of different chemical classes (iprovalicarb, metalaxyl, penconazole, and pyrimethanil) and determination of bound residues for metalaxyl and penconazole were studied in both an unamended vineyard soil and in the same soil amended with two spent mushroom substrates (composted (C-SMS1) and fresh (F-SMS2)). The degradation kinetics was fitted to single first-order or first-order multicompartment patterns. Degradation rates decreased in C-SMS1-amended soils for all fungicides as compared to unamended soil, but in F-SMS2-amended soils, they decreased only for iprovalicarb and penconazole. The DT(50) values were higher by up to 1.8 (metalaxyl), 3.8 (pyrimethanil), 4.1 (iprovalicarb), and >1000 (penconazole) times in the soil plus C-SMS1 compared to those for soil plus F-SMS2 or unamended soil. The dissipation mechanism recorded the highest mineralization in the unamended soil for (14)C-metalaxyl and (14)C-penconazole, with the highest formation of nonextractable residues in the F-SMS2-amended soil for (14)C-metalaxyl. The results are consistent with (1) the chemical characteristics of each SMS (total and soluble organic carbon) controlling sorption and the bioavailability of fungicides and (2) the microbial activity of SMS-amended soils, which affects fungicide biodegradation. The findings of this work highlight the potential of SMS amendments with different characteristics to decrease or increase the degradation rate of a fungicide in a vineyard soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M Marín-Benito
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC ), Salamanca, Spain
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Guglielmi MA, Rocher F, Legros S, Bonnemain JL, Chollet JF. A non-destructive method for testing two components of the behaviour of soil-applied agricultural chemicals over a long period. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2012; 68:897-905. [PMID: 22271588 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to the complexity of soil composition, accurate predictions of both apoplastic systemicity of lipophilic xenobiotics and their leaching from the soil are made difficult. Therefore, a non-destructive method to assess directly these two components of the spatial behaviour of soil-applied phytochemicals is needed. RESULTS The plant selected was a dwarf tomato, which can exude an abundant apoplastic fluid through large stomata for several months. The feasibility and reliability of the method were assayed using three triazoles exhibiting different log D values. HPLC-MS analyses indicated that triadimenol (log D = 2.97) was clearly the most mobile compound within the apoplast, especially its diastereoisomer A. Propiconazole (log D = 3.65) and penconazole (log D = 4.64) exhibited a similar low systemicity. The data remained the same when the three fungicides were applied together on the soil. Long time-course studies (1.5 months) of penconazole behaviour indicated that, in contrast to leaching, which decrease sharply, root-to-shoot translocation remained almost unchanged during the whole experiment, in spite of the high lipophilicity of this fungicide. CONCLUSION This method must contribute to a better knowledge of the behaviour of commercial soil-applied phytochemicals. It can also be used to screen new xenobiotics within strategies to satisfy environmental requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Anne Guglielmi
- Laboratoire Synthèse et Réactivité des Substances Naturelles, Unité Mixte de Recherche CNRS 6514, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Marín-Benito JM, Rodríguez-Cruz MS, Andrades MS, Sánchez-Martín MJ. Assessment of spent mushroom substrate as sorbent of fungicides: influence of sorbent and sorbate properties. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2012; 41:814-822. [PMID: 22565263 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2011.0437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The capacity of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) as a sorbent of fungicides was evaluated for its possible use in regulating pesticide mobility in the environment. The sorption studies involved four different SMS types in terms of nature and treatment and eight fungicides selected as representative compounds from different chemical groups. Nonlinear sorption isotherms were observed for all SMS-fungicide combinations. The highest sorption was obtained by composted SMS from Agaricus bisporus cultivation. A significant negative and positive correlation was obtained between the K(OC) sorption constants and the polarity index values of sorbents and the K(OW) of fungicides, respectively. The statistic revealed that more than 77% of the variability in the K(OW) could be explained considering these properties jointly. The other properties of both the sorbent (total carbon, dissolved organic carbon, or pH) and the sorbate (water solubility) were nonsignificant. The hysteresis values for cyprodinil (log K(OW)= 4) were for all the sorbents much higher (>3) than for other fungicides. This was consistent with the remaining sorption after desorption considered as an indicator of the sorption efficiency of SMS for fungicides. Changes in the absorption bands of fungicides sorbed by SMS observed by FTIR permitted establishing the interaction mechanism of fungicides with SMS. The findings of this work provide evidence for the potential capacity of SMS as a sorbent of fungicides and the low desorption observed especially for some fungicides, although they suggest that more stabilized or humified organic substrates should be produced to enhance their efficiency in environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M Marín-Benito
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Spain
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Herrero-Hernández E, Andrades MS, Rodríguez-Cruz MS, Arienzo M, Sánchez-Martín MJ. Long-term variability of metals from fungicides applied in amended young vineyard fields of La Rioja (Spain). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2012; 184:3359-3371. [PMID: 21713466 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-011-2194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The long-term variability of total Cu content from fungicides applied in a certified wine region of Spain (La Rioja) and of other metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn) was evaluated in three young vineyard soils and subsoils unamended and amended with spent mushroom substrates (SMS) over a 3-year period (2006-2008). SMS is a promising agricultural residue as an amendment to increase the soil organic matter content but may modify the behaviour of metals from pesticide utilisation in vineyards. Fresh and composted SMS was applied each year at a rate of 25 t ha(-1) (dry-weight). Copper concentrations in the three unamended soils were 21.2-88.5, 25.5-77.1, and 29.4-78.4 mg kg(-1). They exceeded natural Cu concentrations of the region and reference sub-lethal hazardous concentration for soil organism. The concentrations of Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn were largely below the sub-lethal limits. Thus, although Cu levels were lower than those of established vineyards, vine performance, and productivity might be affected. The variation in behaviour between different amendments for each soil was high, so a generic conclusion could not be drawn. The amendment practice seemed to have caused temporarily Cu mobilization respect to untreated soils. Total zinc concentrations fall within the range of the natural soil of La Rioja and were significantly affected (p < 0.05) especially by fresh state SMS addition, with increasing up to 75% respect to untreated specimen. The results indicated a build-up of fresh sites for metal retention at both surface and subsurface level, although no accumulation of metals was observed in the short-term period. However, the benefit for soils and the negative effects need to be monitored in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliseo Herrero-Hernández
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
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Park JH, Kim SW, Do YJ, Kim H, Ko YG, Yang BS, Shin D, Cho YM. Spent mushroom substrate influences elk (cervus elaphus canadensis) hematological and serum biochemical parameters. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2012; 25:320-4. [PMID: 25049569 PMCID: PMC4092955 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) derived from Pleurotus eryngii on the hematological and biochemical blood properties of elk. A total of 18, two and three-year-old elk were fed three different levels of SMS (0, 15 and 20%) in a corn-wheat bran diet for 80 days. The results indicated significantly high levels of blood monocytes, hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (HCT) in elk fed 15% or 20% SMS (p<0.05) compared to control animals. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and glucose concentrations were also significantly elevated in elk fed both 15% and 20% SMS. The inclusion of SMS in the elk diet did not affect serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, or low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations; however, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentration was significantly increased in SMS-fed groups. In addition, 20% SMS in the diet increased serum iron and testosterone concentrations in elk. These results indicate that adding SMS to the diet of elk can increase their Hgb, serum BUN, glucose, and HDL-cholesterol concentration; therefore, diets containing SMS may enhance the physiologic condition of elk during growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hong Park
- Swine Science and Technology Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Swine Science and Technology Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Do
- Swine Science and Technology Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Swine Science and Technology Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Korea
| | - Yeoung Gyu Ko
- Swine Science and Technology Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Korea
| | - Boh Suk Yang
- Swine Science and Technology Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Korea
| | - Daekeun Shin
- Swine Science and Technology Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Korea
| | - Young Moo Cho
- Swine Science and Technology Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Korea
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Cabrera A, Cox L, Spokas KA, Celis R, Hermosín MC, Cornejo J, Koskinen WC. Comparative sorption and leaching study of the herbicides fluometuron and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) in a soil amended with biochars and other sorbents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:12550-12560. [PMID: 22023336 DOI: 10.1021/jf202713q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, the solid residual remaining after the thermochemical transformation of biomass for carbon sequestration, has been proposed to be used as a soil amendment, because of its agronomic benefits. The effect of amending soil with six biochars made from different feedstocks on the sorption and leaching of fluometuron and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) was compared to the effect of other sorbents: an activated carbon, a Ca-rich Arizona montmorillonite modified with hexadecyltrimethylammonium organic cation (SA-HDTMA), and an agricultural organic residue from olive oil production (OOW). Soil was amended at 2% (w/w), and studies were performed following a batch equilibration procedure. Sorption of both herbicides increased in all amended soils, but decreased in soil amended with a biochar produced from macadamia nut shells made with fast pyrolysis. Lower leaching of the herbicides was observed in the soils amended with the biochars with higher surface areas BC5 and BC6 and the organoclay (OCl). Despite the increase in herbicide sorption in soils amended with two hardwood biochars (BC1 and BC3) and OOW, leaching of fluometuron and MCPA was enhanced with the addition of these amendments as compared to the unamended soil. The increased leaching is due to some amendments' soluble organic compounds, which compete or associate with herbicide molecules, enhancing their soil mobility. Thus, the results indicate that not all biochar amendments will increase sorption and decrease leaching of fluometuron and MCPA. Furthermore, the amount and composition of the organic carbon (OC) content of the amendment, especially the soluble part (DOC), can play an important role in the sorption and leaching of these herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alegria Cabrera
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, 439 Borlaug Hall, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States.
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Herrero-Hernández E, Andrades MS, Marín-Benito JM, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Rodríguez-Cruz MS. Field-scale dissipation of tebuconazole in a vineyard soil amended with spent mushroom substrate and its potential environmental impact. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2011; 74:1480-1488. [PMID: 21543118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Revised: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The persistence, mobility and degradation of tebuconazole were assessed under field conditions in a sandy clay loam soil amended with spent mushroom substrate (SMS) at two rates. The aim was to evaluate the environmental impact of the simultaneous application of SMS and fungicide in a vineyard soil. SMS is the pasteurized and composted organic material remaining after a crop of mushroom is produced. SMS is generated in increasing amounts in La Rioja region (Spain), and could be used as soil amendment in vineyard soils, where fungicides are also applied in large amounts. The study was carried out in 18 experimental plots (6 treatments and 3 replicates per treatment) over one year. Laboratory experiments were also conducted to verify the changes over time in the adsorption of fungicide by soils and in soil dehydrogenase activity caused by the fungicide and/or SMS. Tebuconazole dissipation followed biphasic kinetics with a rapid dissipation phase, followed by a slow dissipation phase. Half-life (DT50) values ranged from 8.2 to 12.4 days, with lower DT50 for amended soils when compared to the non-amended controls. The distribution of tebuconazole through the soil profile (0-50 cm) determined at 124, 209 and 355 days after its application indicated the higher mobility of fungicide to deeper soil layers in amended soils revealing the influence of solid and dissolved organic matter from SMS in this process. Tebuconazole might be available for biodegradation although over time only chemical or photochemical degradation was evident in surface soils. The results obtained highlight the interest of field and laboratory data to design rational applications of SMS and fungicide when they are jointly applied to prevent the possible risk of water contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliseo Herrero-Hernández
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
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Bermudez-Couso A, Fernandez-Calvino D, Pateiro-Moure M, Garrido-Rodriguez B, Novoa-Munoz JC, Estevez MA. Adsorption and desorption behavior of metalaxyl in intensively cultivated acid soils. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:7286-7293. [PMID: 21612304 DOI: 10.1021/jf201028q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Metalaxyl adsorption and desorption behavior in acid soils were evaluated via batch and stirred-flow chamber experiments. On the basis of batch experiments (adsorption curves of the Giles C-type), metalaxyl has a low affinity for acid soils. Also, as derived from batch and stirred-flow chamber tests, its adsorption in acid soils is dictated mainly by their organic matter and clay contents. The high correlation between these two variables makes it rather complicated to resolve their effects. Metalaxyl adsorption occurs largely (80-99%) via fast adsorption reactions. On the other hand, the pesticide is desorbed in variable proportions (30-100%). The desorption parameters obtained by fitting the results to a pseudo-first-order reaction were correlated with no edaphic variable; however, the q(0)/q(max) ratio, which is a measure of reversibility in the adsorption-desorption process, exhibited significant negative correlation with the organic matter and clay contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alipio Bermudez-Couso
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain.
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Rodríguez-Cruz MS, Ordax JM, Arienzo M, Sánchez-Martín MJ. Enhanced retention of linuron, alachlor and metalaxyl in sandy soil columns intercalated with wood barriers. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 82:1415-1421. [PMID: 21183199 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Revised: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A study has been made of the effect a reactive barrier made of pine (softwood) or oak (hardwood) wood intercalated in a sandy soil column has on the retention of linuron, alachlor and metalaxyl (pesticides with contrasting physicochemical characteristics). The leaching of pesticides has been carried out under a saturated flow regime and breakthrough curves (BTCs) have been obtained at flow rates of 1 m Lmin(-1) (all pesticides) and 3 m Lmin(-1) (linuron). The cumulative curves in the unmodified soil indicate a leaching of pesticides >80% of the total amount of compound added. After barrier intercalation, linuron leaching decreases significantly and a modification of the leaching kinetics of alachlor and metalaxyl has been observed. The theoretical R factors increased ∼2.6-3.3, 1.2-1.6-fold, and 1.4-1.7-fold and the concentration of the maximum peak decreased ∼6-12-fold, 2-4-fold and 1.2-2-fold for linuron, alachlor and metalaxyl, respectively. When considering the three pesticides, significant correlations have been found between the theoretical retardation factor (R) and the pore volume corresponding to the maximum peaks of the BTCs (r=0.77; p<0.05) or the total volume leached (r=-0.78; p<0.05). The results reveal the efficacy of reactive wood barriers to decrease the leaching of pesticides from point sources of pollution depends on the type of wood, the hydrophobicity of the pesticide and the adopted water flow rate. Pine was more effective than oak in decreasing the leaching of hydrophobic pesticide linuron or in decreasing the maximum peak concentration of the less hydrophobic pesticides in soils. Efficacy of these wood barriers was limited for the least hydrophobic pesticide metalaxyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Rodríguez-Cruz
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
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