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Mahmoud FM, Kusari S, Kublik S, Benning S, Siani R, Zühlke S, Radl V, Mahnkopp-Dirks F, Schloter M. Draft Genome Sequence of the Bacterial Endophyte Priestia megaterium B1, Isolated from Roots of Apple ( Malus domestica). Microbiol Resour Announc 2023:e0117222. [PMID: 37199619 DOI: 10.1128/mra.01172-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past years, a number of important traits supporting plant growth have been shown for different strains of Priestia megaterium (formerly known as Bacillus megaterium). Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the endophytic bacterial strain Priestia megaterium B1, which was isolated from surface-sterilized roots of apple plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M Mahmoud
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Souvik Kusari
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Mass Spectrometry (CMS), TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Susanne Kublik
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Benning
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Roberto Siani
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Mass Spectrometry (CMS), TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Viviane Radl
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Felix Mahnkopp-Dirks
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Section Woody Plant and Propagation Physiology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Michael Schloter
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair for Soil Science, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
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2
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Dichamp J, Cellière G, Ghallab A, Hassan R, Boissier N, Hofmann U, Reinders J, Sezgin S, Zühlke S, Hengstler JG, Drasdo D. In vitro to in vivo acetaminophen hepatotoxicity extrapolation using classical schemes, pharmacodynamic models and a multiscale spatial-temporal liver twin. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1049564. [PMID: 36815881 PMCID: PMC9932319 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1049564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro to in vivo extrapolation represents a critical challenge in toxicology. In this paper we explore extrapolation strategies for acetaminophen (APAP) based on mechanistic models, comparing classical (CL) homogeneous compartment pharmacodynamic (PD) models and a spatial-temporal (ST), multiscale digital twin model resolving liver microarchitecture at cellular resolution. The models integrate consensus detoxification reactions in each individual hepatocyte. We study the consequences of the two model types on the extrapolation and show in which cases these models perform better than the classical extrapolation strategy that is based either on the maximal drug concentration (Cmax) or the area under the pharmacokinetic curve (AUC) of the drug blood concentration. We find that an CL-model based on a well-mixed blood compartment is sufficient to correctly predict the in vivo toxicity from in vitro data. However, the ST-model that integrates more experimental information requires a change of at least one parameter to obtain the same prediction, indicating that spatial compartmentalization may indeed be an important factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules Dichamp
- Group SIMBIOTX, INRIA Saclay-Île-de-France, Palaiseau, France,Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany,Group MAMBA, INRIA Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Ahmed Ghallab
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany,Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Reham Hassan
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany,Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Noemie Boissier
- Group SIMBIOTX, INRIA Saclay-Île-de-France, Palaiseau, France
| | - Ute Hofmann
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tübingen, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joerg Reinders
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Selahaddin Sezgin
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Center for Mass Spectrometry (CMS), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jan G. Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dirk Drasdo
- Group SIMBIOTX, INRIA Saclay-Île-de-France, Palaiseau, France,Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany,Group MAMBA, INRIA Paris, Paris, France,*Correspondence: Dirk Drasdo,
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Langenohl F, Rösler J, Zühlke S, Kirchhoff JL, Strohmann C. A Silicon-Stereogenic Silanol - 18 O-Isotope Labeling and Stereogenic Probe Reveals Hidden Stereospecific Water Exchange Reaction. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202935. [PMID: 36166278 PMCID: PMC10100314 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A silicon-stereogenic aminosilanol was isolated in excellent diastereomeric ratio and the absolute configuration was determined. The silanol is configurative and condensation stable in solution and shows stereoselective transformations with a clean stereospecific pathway in follow-up reactions, which leads to the isolation of a silicon-stereogenic zinc complex and siloxane compounds. Investigations with 18 O-labelled water and mass spectrometry analysis revealed an otherwise hidden exchange of oxygen atoms of silanol and water in solution that proceeds with retention of the configuration at the silicon center. This novel combination of a stereochemical probe and isotopic labeling in a silicon-stereogenic compound opens new analytic possibilities to study stereochemical courses of reactions with the aid of chiral silanols mechanistically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Langenohl
- Inorganic Chemistry, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6/6a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jonas Rösler
- Center for Mass Spectrometry (CMS), TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6/6a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Center for Mass Spectrometry (CMS), TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6/6a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jan-Lukas Kirchhoff
- Inorganic Chemistry, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6/6a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Inorganic Chemistry, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6/6a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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4
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Ghallab A, Hassan R, Hofmann U, Friebel A, Hobloss Z, Brackhagen L, Begher-Tibbe B, Myllys M, Reinders J, Overbeck N, Sezgin S, Zühlke S, Seddek AL, Murad W, Brecklinghaus T, Kappenberg F, Rahnenführer J, González D, Goldring C, Copple IM, Marchan R, Longerich T, Vucur M, Luedde T, Urban S, Canbay A, Schreiter T, Trauner M, Akakpo JY, Olyaee M, Curry SC, Sowa JP, Jaeschke H, Hoehme S, Hengstler JG. Interruption of bile acid uptake by hepatocytes after acetaminophen overdose ameliorates hepatotoxicity. J Hepatol 2022; 77:71-83. [PMID: 35131407 PMCID: PMC9209783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose remains a frequent cause of acute liver failure, which is generally accompanied by increased levels of serum bile acids (BAs). However, the pathophysiological role of BAs remains elusive. Herein, we investigated the role of BAs in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. METHODS We performed intravital imaging to investigate BA transport in mice, quantified endogenous BA concentrations in the serum of mice and patients with APAP overdose, analyzed liver tissue and bile by mass spectrometry and MALDI-mass spectrometry imaging, assessed the integrity of the blood-bile barrier and the role of oxidative stress by immunostaining of tight junction proteins and intravital imaging of fluorescent markers, identified the intracellular cytotoxic concentrations of BAs, and performed interventions to block BA uptake from blood into hepatocytes. RESULTS Prior to the onset of cell death, APAP overdose causes massive oxidative stress in the pericentral lobular zone, which coincided with a breach of the blood-bile barrier. Consequently, BAs leak from the bile canaliculi into the sinusoidal blood, which is then followed by their uptake into hepatocytes via the basolateral membrane, their secretion into canaliculi and repeated cycling. This, what we termed 'futile cycling' of BAs, led to increased intracellular BA concentrations that were high enough to cause hepatocyte death. Importantly, however, the interruption of BA re-uptake by pharmacological NTCP blockage using Myrcludex B and Oatp knockout strongly reduced APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS APAP overdose induces a breach of the blood-bile barrier which leads to futile BA cycling that causes hepatocyte death. Prevention of BA cycling may represent a therapeutic option after APAP intoxication. LAY SUMMARY Only one drug, N-acetylcysteine, is approved for the treatment of acetaminophen overdose and it is only effective when given within ∼8 hours after ingestion. We identified a mechanism by which acetaminophen overdose causes an increase in bile acid concentrations (to above toxic thresholds) in hepatocytes. Blocking this mechanism prevented acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice and evidence from patients suggests that this therapy may be effective for longer periods after ingestion compared to N-acetylcysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ghallab
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, 83523, Qena, Egypt.
| | - Reham Hassan
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany,Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, 83523, Qena, Egypt
| | - Ute Hofmann
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tübingen, Auerbachstr. 112, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Adrian Friebel
- Institute of Computer Science & Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Research (SIKT), University of Leipzig, Haertelstraße 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Zaynab Hobloss
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Lisa Brackhagen
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Brigitte Begher-Tibbe
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Maiju Myllys
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Joerg Reinders
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nina Overbeck
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Selahaddin Sezgin
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Center for Mass Spectrometry (CMS), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Abdel-latif Seddek
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, 83523, Qena, Egypt
| | - Walaa Murad
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt
| | - Tim Brecklinghaus
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Rahnenführer
- Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Daniela González
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christopher Goldring
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, MRC Centre of Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, The Sherrington Building, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Ian M. Copple
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, MRC Centre of Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, The Sherrington Building, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Rosemarie Marchan
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Longerich
- Translational Gastrointestinal Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mihael Vucur
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty at Heinrich-Heine-University, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty at Heinrich-Heine-University, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephan Urban
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany,German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Schreiter
- Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Trauner
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jephte Y. Akakpo
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Mojtaba Olyaee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Steven C. Curry
- Division of Clinical Data Analytics and Decision Support, Division of Medical Toxicology and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jan-Peter Sowa
- Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Hartmut Jaeschke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Stefan Hoehme
- Institute of Computer Science & Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Research (SIKT), University of Leipzig, Haertelstraße 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan G. Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany,Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany; telephone: +49 (0)231-1084- 348; Fax: +49 (0)231-1084- 403;
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5
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Nguemdjo Chimeze VW, Bankoglu EE, Zühlke S, Fannang VS, Eckelmann D, Chi Shirri J, Djuidje EN, Djama CM, Stopper H, Wandji J. Cytotoxic and genotoxic properties of artathomsonine, a new oxoberberine alkaloid from Artabotrys thomsonii (annonaceae). Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:2791-2799. [PMID: 34000924 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1928117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation of the liana of Artabotrys thomsonii led to the isolation of a new oxoberberine alkaloid, 2,10-dihydroxy-3,9-dimethoxy-8-oxo-protoberberine (7), along with six known compounds. Their chemical structures were elucidated by 1 D and 2 D NMR spectroscopic methods and HRESI-MSn data analysis. Compounds 4 and 7 were selected for further in vitro investigations. In accordance with expectations from their chemical structures, compounds 7 and 4 showed a clear antioxidant activity in a cell-free assay, with compound 7 being 7-fold more active than 4. Cytotoxicity, cytostatic and genotoxic effects only occurred at high micromolar concentrations of 50 µM or more. Compound 7 was slightly less effective than compound 4. A low micromolar concentration of 10 µM did not cause any damaging cellular effects but showed potential for a protection against the micronucleus-inducing effect of reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide, although not to a significant extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery Wilfried Nguemdjo Chimeze
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Heterocyclic Synthesis, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Véronique Simone Fannang
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Dennis Eckelmann
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jovita Chi Shirri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | | | - Céline Mbazoa Djama
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Heterocyclic Synthesis, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jean Wandji
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Heterocyclic Synthesis, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
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6
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Schneider KM, Candels LS, Hov JR, Myllys M, Hassan R, Schneider CV, Wahlström A, Mohs A, Zühlke S, Liao L, Elfers C, Kilic K, Henricsson M, Molinaro A, Hatting M, Zaza A, Drasdo D, Frissen M, Devlin AS, Gálvez EJC, Strowig T, Karlsen TH, Hengstler JG, Marschall HU, Ghallab A, Trautwein C. Gut microbiota depletion exacerbates cholestatic liver injury via loss of FXR signalling. Nat Metab 2021; 3:1228-1241. [PMID: 34552267 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00452-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease of unknown aetiology for which there are no approved therapeutic options. Patients with PSC display changes in gut microbiota and in bile acid (BA) composition; however, the contribution of these alterations to disease pathogenesis remains controversial. Here we identify a role for microbiota-dependent changes in BA synthesis that modulates PSC pathophysiology. In a genetic mouse model of PSC, we show that loss of microbiota-mediated negative feedback control of BA synthesis results in increased hepatic BA concentrations, disruption of bile duct barrier function and, consequently, fatal liver injury. We further show that these changes are dependent on decreased BA signalling to the farnesoid X receptor, which modulates the activity of the rate-limiting enzyme in BA synthesis, CYP7A1. Moreover, patients with advanced stages of PSC show suppressed BA synthesis as measured by serum C4 levels, which is associated with poor disease prognosis. Our preclinical data highlight the microbiota-dependent dynamics of BA metabolism in cholestatic liver disease, which could be important for future therapies targeting BA and gut microbiome interactions, and identify C4 as a potential biomarker to functionally stratify patients with PSC and predict disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Markus Schneider
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Johannes R Hov
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Section of Gastroenterology and Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maiju Myllys
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Reham Hassan
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | | | - Annika Wahlström
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antje Mohs
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Center for Mass Spectrometry (CMS), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Lijun Liao
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Carsten Elfers
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Konrad Kilic
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marcus Henricsson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maximilian Hatting
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ayham Zaza
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dirk Drasdo
- Institute National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (INRIA), Le Chesnay, France
| | - Mick Frissen
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Sloan Devlin
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric J C Gálvez
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany and Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany and Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tom H Karlsen
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Section of Gastroenterology and Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Hanns-Ulrich Marschall
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ahmed Ghallab
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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7
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Armin R, Zühlke S, Grunewaldt-Stöcker G, Mahnkopp-Dirks F, Kusari S. Production of Siderophores by an Apple Root-Associated Streptomyces ciscaucasicus Strain GS2 Using Chemical and Biological OSMAC Approaches. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123517. [PMID: 34207697 PMCID: PMC8228313 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Apple Replant Disease (ARD) is a significant problem in apple orchards that causes root tissue damage, stunted plant growth, and decline in fruit quality, size, and overall yield. Dysbiosis of apple root-associated microbiome and selective richness of Streptomyces species in the rhizosphere typically concurs root impairment associated with ARD. However, possible roles of Streptomyces secondary metabolites within these observations remain unstudied. Therefore, we employed the One Strain Many Compounds (OSMAC) approach coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMSn) to evaluate the chemical ecology of an apple root-associated Streptomycesciscaucasicus strain GS2, temporally over 14 days. The chemical OSMAC approach comprised cultivation media alterations using six different media compositions, which led to the biosynthesis of the iron-chelated siderophores, ferrioxamines. The biological OSMAC approach was concomitantly applied by dual-culture cultivation for microorganismal interactions with an endophytic Streptomyces pulveraceus strain ES16 and the pathogen Cylindrocarpon olidum. This led to the modulation of ferrioxamines produced and further triggered biosynthesis of the unchelated siderophores, desferrioxamines. The structures of the compounds were elucidated using HRMSn and by comparison with the literature. We evaluated the dynamics of siderophore production under the combined influence of chemical and biological OSMAC triggers, temporally over 3, 7, and 14 days, to discern the strain’s siderophore-mediated chemical ecology. We discuss our results based on the plausible chemical implications of S. ciscaucasicus strain GS2 in the rhizosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Armin
- Center for Mass Spectrometry (CMS), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; (R.A.); (S.Z.)
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Center for Mass Spectrometry (CMS), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; (R.A.); (S.Z.)
| | - Gisela Grunewaldt-Stöcker
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Section Phytomedicine, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Felix Mahnkopp-Dirks
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Section Woody Plant and Propagation Physiology, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Souvik Kusari
- Center for Mass Spectrometry (CMS), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; (R.A.); (S.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-231-755-4086
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Armin R, Zühlke S, Mahnkopp-Dirks F, Winkelmann T, Kusari S. Evaluation of Apple Root-Associated Endophytic Streptomyces pulveraceus Strain ES16 by an OSMAC-Assisted Metabolomics Approach. Front Sustain Food Syst 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.643225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The One Strain Many Compounds approach (OSMAC) is a powerful and comprehensive method that enables the chemo-diversity evaluation of microorganisms. This is achieved by variations of physicochemical cultivation parameters and by providing biotic and abiotic triggers to mimic microorganisms' natural environment in the lab. This approach can reactivate the silent biosynthetic routes of specific metabolites typically not biosynthesized under standard laboratory conditions. In the present study, we combined the OSMAC approach with static headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMSn), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-HRMSI) to evaluate the chemoecological significance of an apple root-associated endophytic Streptomyces pulveraceus strain ES16. We employed the OSMAC approach by cultivating the endophyte in six different media conditions and performed temporal studies over 14 days. Analysis of the volatilome revealed that only under stressful conditions associated with sporulation, endophytic S. pulveraceus ES16 produces geosmin, a volatile semiochemical known to attract the soil arthropods Collembola (springtails) specifically. Subsequently, targeted metabolic profiling revealed polycyclic tetramate macrolactams (PTMs) production by the endophyte under stress, which are bioactive against various pathogens. Additionally, the endophyte produced the iron-chelating siderophore, mirubactin, under the same conditions. The structures of the compounds were evaluated using HRMSn and by comparison with literature data. Finally, MALDI-HRMSI revealed the produced compounds' spatial-temporal distribution over 14 days. The compounds were profusely secreted into the medium after production. Our results indicate that endophytic S. pulveraceus ES16 can release the signal molecule geosmin, chemical defense compounds such as the PTMs, as well as the siderophore mirubactin into the host plant apoplast or the soil for ecologically meaningful purposes, which are discussed.
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Yim B, Baumann A, Grunewaldt-Stöcker G, Liu B, Beerhues L, Zühlke S, Sapp M, Nesme J, Sørensen SJ, Smalla K, Winkelmann T. Rhizosphere microbial communities associated to rose replant disease: links to plant growth and root metabolites. Hortic Res 2020; 7:144. [PMID: 32922816 PMCID: PMC7459328 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00365-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Growth depression of Rosa plants at sites previously used to cultivate the same or closely related species is a typical symptom of rose replant disease (RRD). Currently, limited information is available on the causes and the etiology of RRD compared to apple replant disease (ARD). Thus, this study aimed at analyzing growth characteristics, root morphology, and root metabolites, as well as microbial communities in the rhizosphere of the susceptible rootstock Rosacorymbifera 'Laxa' grown in RRD-affected soil from two sites (Heidgraben and Sangerhausen), either untreated or disinfected by γ-irradiation. In a greenhouse bioassay, plants developed significantly more biomass in the γ-irradiated than in the untreated soils of both sites. Several plant metabolites detected in R. corymbifera 'Laxa' roots were site- and treatment-dependent. Although aloesin was recorded in significantly higher concentrations in untreated than in γ-irradiated soils from Heidgraben, the concentrations of phenylalanine were significantly lower in roots from untreated soil of both sites. Rhizosphere microbial communities of 8-week-old plants were studied by sequencing of 16S rRNA, ITS, and cox gene fragments amplified from total community DNA. Supported by microscopic observations, sequences affiliated to the bacterial genus Streptomyces and the fungal genus Nectria were identified as potential causal agents of RRD in the soils investigated. The relative abundance of oomycetes belonging to the genus Pythiogeton showed a negative correlation to the growth of the plants. Overall, the RRD symptoms, the effects of soil treatments on the composition of the rhizosphere microbial community revealed striking similarities to findings related to ARD.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Yim
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - A. Baumann
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - G. Grunewaldt-Stöcker
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - B. Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - L. Beerhues
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - S. Zühlke
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology (CCB), Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M. Sapp
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Institute for Population Genetics, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J. Nesme
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S. J. Sørensen
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K. Smalla
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - T. Winkelmann
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany
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10
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Owor RO, Derese S, Bedane KG, Zühlke S, Ndakala A, Spiteller M. Isoflavones from the seedpods of Tephrosia vogelii and pyrazoisopongaflavone with anti-inflammatory effects. Fitoterapia 2020; 146:104695. [PMID: 32750400 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of Tephrosia vogelii seedpods led to the isolation of twelve compounds: vogelisoflavone A (1), vogelisoflavone B (2), isopongaflavone (3), onogenin, luteolin, 4',7-dihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavanone, trans-p-hydroxycinnamic acid, tephrosin, 2-methoxygliricidol, dehydrorotenone, 6a,12a-dehydro-α-toxicarol and pinoresinol. Compounds 1 and 2 are reported as new natural products. Isopongaflavone (3) was structurally modified using hydrazine to pyrazoisopongaflavone (4). These compounds were characterized based on their NMR and HRESIMS data. Further, four compounds (1-4) were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Treatment of the LPS-stimulated PBMCs with the compounds at a concentration of 100 μM suppressed the secretion of interleukin IL-1β interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Oriko Owor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany; Department of Chemistry, Busitema University, P.O. Box 236, Tororo, Uganda.
| | - Solomon Derese
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Albert Ndakala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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Owor RO, Bedane KG, Zühlke S, Derese S, Ong'amo GO, Ndakala A, Spiteller M. Anti-inflammatory Flavanones and Flavones from Tephrosia linearis. J Nat Prod 2020; 83:996-1004. [PMID: 32155073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical analysis of a methanol-dichloromethane (1:1) extract of the aerial parts of Tephrosialinearis led to the isolation of 18 compounds. Seven of these, namely, lineaflavones A-D (1-4), 6-methoxygeraldone (5), 8″-acetylobovatin (6), and 5-hydroxy-7-methoxysaniculamin A (7) are new compounds. The compounds were characterized based on their NMR and HRMSn data. The anti-inflammatory effects of the crude extract and isolated compounds were evaluated by measuring the levels of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-6), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The crude extract inhibited the release of all cytokines except IL-1β, which slightly increased in comparison to the LPS control. All the tested compounds suppressed the production of IL-2, GM-CSF, and TNF-α. Whereas compounds 1, 2, 4-8, 10-15, 17, and 18 decreased production of IL-6, compounds 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 13-15, and 17 inhibited the release of IL-1β. It is worth noting that most of the compounds tested showed a superior reduction in cytokines release compared to the reference drug ibuprofen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Oriko Owor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Busitema University, P.O. Box 236, Tororo, Uganda
| | - Kibrom Gebreheiwot Bedane
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Solomon Derese
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Albert Ndakala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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12
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Owor RO, Bedane KG, Openda YI, Zühlke S, Derese S, Ong'amo G, Ndakala A, Spiteller M. Synergistic anti-inflammatory activities of a new flavone and other flavonoids from Tephrosia hildebrandtii vatke. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:4486-4493. [PMID: 32233673 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1736065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A new flavone, named hildeflavone (1) along with 7 other known flavonoids were isolated from the aerial parts of Tephrosia hildebrandtii Vatke. Their characterisation was based on NMR and MS data analysis. The anti-inflammatory properties of the crude extract, isolated compounds and combination of the compounds were investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Treatment of the LPS-stimulated PBMCs with the isolated flavonoids at a concentration of 100 µM significantly reduced the production of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-2 and IL-6), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). It was also found that the combination of a flavone and flavanones exhibited remarkable synergistic anti-inflammatory effects on the production of the cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Oriko Owor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.,Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda
| | - Kibrom Gebreheiwot Bedane
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Solomon Derese
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - George Ong'amo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Albert Ndakala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
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Winkelmann T, Smalla K, Amelung W, Baab G, Grunewaldt-Stöcker G, Kanfra X, Meyhöfer R, Reim S, Schmitz M, Vetterlein D, Wrede A, Zühlke S, Grunewaldt J, Weiß S, Schloter M. Apple Replant Disease: Causes and Mitigation Strategies. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2018; 30:89-106. [PMID: 30070653 DOI: 10.21775/cimb.030.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
After replanting apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) on the same site severe growth suppressions, and a decline in yield and fruit quality are observed in all apple producing areas worldwide. The causes of this complex phenomenon, called apple replant disease (ARD), are only poorly understood up to now which is in part due to inconsistencies in terms and methodologies. Therefore we suggest the following definition for ARD: ARD describes a harmfully disturbed physiological and morphological reaction of apple plants to soils that faced alterations in their (micro-) biome due to the previous apple cultures. The underlying interactions likely have multiple causes that extend beyond common analytical tools in microbial ecology. They are influenced by soil properties, faunal vectors, and trophic cascades, with genotype-specific effects on plant secondary metabolism, particularly phytoalexin biosynthesis. Yet, emerging tools allow to unravel the soil and rhizosphere (micro-) biome, to characterize alterations of habitat quality, and to decipher the plant reactions. Thereby, deep insights into the reactions taking place at the root rhizosphere interface will be gained. Counteractions are suggested, taking into account that culture management should emphasize on improving soil microbial and faunal diversity as well as habitat quality rather than focus on soil disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Traud Winkelmann
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Section Woody Plant and Propagation Physiology, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kornelia Smalla
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn-Institut, Messeweg 11/12, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Wulf Amelung
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Division Soil Science, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gerhard Baab
- Competence Center of Horticulture, DLR Rheinpfalz, Campus Klein Altendorf 2, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Gisela Grunewaldt-Stöcker
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Section Phytomedicine, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Xorla Kanfra
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn-Institut, Messeweg 11/12, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rainer Meyhöfer
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Section Phytomedicine, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefanie Reim
- Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Julius Kühn-Institut, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, D-01326 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michaela Schmitz
- Department of Applied Science, Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, Von-Liebig-Str. 20, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Doris Vetterlein
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Soil Sciences, Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Seckendorff-Platz 3, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Andreas Wrede
- Department of Horticulture, Landwirtschafts-kammer Schleswig-Holstein, Thiensen 16, D-25373 Ellerhoop, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jürgen Grunewaldt
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Unit Molecular Plant Breeding, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Weiß
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Section Woody Plant and Propagation Physiology, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Schloter
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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14
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Sezgin S, Hassan R, Zühlke S, Kuepfer L, Hengstler JG, Spiteller M, Ghallab A. Spatio-temporal visualization of the distribution of acetaminophen as well as its metabolites and adducts in mouse livers by MALDI MSI. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:2963-2977. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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15
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Happi GM, Talontsi FM, Laatsch H, Zühlke S, Ngadjui BT, Spiteller M, Kouam SF. seco -Tiaminic acids B and C: Identification of two novel 3,4- seco -tirucallane triterpenoids isolated from the root of Entandrophragma congoënse (Meliaceae). Fitoterapia 2018; 124:17-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Reetz JE, Schulz W, Seitz W, Spiteller M, Zühlke S, Armbruster W, Wallner K. Uptake of Neonicotinoid Insecticides by Water-Foraging Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Through Guttation Fluid of Winter Oilseed Rape. J Econ Entomol 2016; 109:31-40. [PMID: 26516090 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tov287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The water-foraging activity of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) on guttation fluid of seed-coated crops, such as winter oilseed rape (WOR; Brassica napus L.), has not yet been evaluated. We analyzed the uptake of active substances (a.s.) in guttation fluid by evaluating residues of honey-sac contents. In autumn, insecticide residues of up to 130 µg a.s. per liter were released in WOR guttation fluid; this concentration is noticeably lower than levels reported in guttation fluid of seed-coated maize. Until winter dormancy, the concentrations declined to <30 µg a.s. per liter. In spring, residues were linked to prewintered plants and declined steadily until flowering. The maximum release of residues in guttation fluid of seed-coated WOR occurs on the first leaves in autumn when the colonies' water demand decreases. For the first time, proof for the uptake of guttation fluid from seed-coated WOR by honey bees was provided by measuring residues in individual honey-sac contents. In total, 38 out of 204 samples (19%) showed residues of thiamethoxam at concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 0.95 µg per liter while the corresponding concentrations in guttation fluid of WOR varied between 3.6 to 12.9 µg thiamethoxam per liter. The amounts of thiamethoxam we found in the honey sacs of water-foraging honey bees were therefore below the thresholds in nectar and pollen that are considered to have negative effects on honey bees after chronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Reetz
- Apicultural State Institute, University of Hohenheim, August-von-Hartmann-Str. 13, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany (; ),
| | - W Schulz
- Zweckverband Landeswasserversorgung, Laboratory for Operation Control and Research, Am Spitzigen Berg 1, D-89129 Langenau, Germany (; )
| | - W Seitz
- Zweckverband Landeswasserversorgung, Laboratory for Operation Control and Research, Am Spitzigen Berg 1, D-89129 Langenau, Germany (; )
| | - M Spiteller
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany (; ), and
| | - S Zühlke
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany (; ), and
| | - W Armbruster
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 28, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - K Wallner
- Apicultural State Institute, University of Hohenheim, August-von-Hartmann-Str. 13, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany (; )
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18
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Kusari S, Tatsimo SJN, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Back Cover: Synthetic Origin of Tramadol in the Environment (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1/2016). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Abstract
Endophytic bacterial communities of Cameroonian Maytenus serrata were investigated using genome mining and bioanalytical approaches to elucidate the source of maytansine biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parijat Kusari
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering
- Chair of Technical Biochemistry
- TU Dortmund
- 44227 Dortmund
- Germany
| | - Souvik Kusari
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU)
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry
- TU Dortmund
- 44221 Dortmund
| | - Dennis Eckelmann
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU)
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry
- TU Dortmund
- 44221 Dortmund
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU)
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry
- TU Dortmund
- 44221 Dortmund
| | - Oliver Kayser
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering
- Chair of Technical Biochemistry
- TU Dortmund
- 44227 Dortmund
- Germany
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU)
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry
- TU Dortmund
- 44221 Dortmund
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20
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Kusari S, Tatsimo SJN, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Synthetic Origin of Tramadol in the Environment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:240-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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21
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Happi GM, Kouam SF, Talontsi FM, Lamshöft M, Zühlke S, Bauer JO, Strohmann C, Spiteller M. Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxic Triterpenoids from the Bark of the Cameroonian Medicinal Plant Entandrophragma congoënse. J Nat Prod 2015; 78:604-614. [PMID: 25871440 DOI: 10.1021/np5004164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Eight new triterpenoids, prototiamins A-G (1-6, 9) and seco-tiaminic acid A (10), were isolated along with four known compounds from the bark of Entandrophragma congoënse. Their structures were elucidated by means of HRMS and different NMR techniques and chemical transformations. Assignments of relative and absolute configurations for the new compounds were achieved using NOESY experiments and by chemical modification including the advanced Mosher's method. Additionally, the structure and relative configuration of compound 3 were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds 1, 3, and 5 displayed significant in vitro antiplasmodial activity against the erythrocytic stages of chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum strain NF54. Prototiamin C (3) was the most potent of the compounds isolated, with an IC50 value of 0.44 μM. All compounds tested showed low cytotoxicity for the L6 rat skeletal myoblast cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gervais Mouthé Happi
- †Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- ‡Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Simeon Fogue Kouam
- †Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ferdinand Mouafo Talontsi
- ‡Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Marc Lamshöft
- ‡Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- ‡Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jonathan O Bauer
- §Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- §Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael Spiteller
- ‡Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Happi GM, Kouam SF, Talontsi FM, Zühlke S, Lamshöft M, Spiteller M. Minor secondary metabolites from the bark of Entandrophragma congoënse (Meliaceae). Fitoterapia 2015; 102:35-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kusari S, Lamshöft M, Kusari P, Gottfried S, Zühlke S, Louven K, Hentschel U, Kayser O, Spiteller M. Endophytes are hidden producers of maytansine in Putterlickia roots. J Nat Prod 2014; 77:2577-84. [PMID: 25478947 DOI: 10.1021/np500219a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Several recent studies have lent evidence to the fact that certain so-called plant metabolites are actually biosynthesized by associated microorganisms. In this work, we show that the original source organism(s) responsible for the biosynthesis of the important anticancer and cytotoxic compound maytansine is the endophytic bacterial community harbored specifically within the roots of Putterlickia verrucosa and P. retrospinosa plants. Evaluation of the root endophytic community by chemical characterization of their fermentation products using HPLC-HRMS(n), along with a selective microbiological assay using the maytansine-sensitive type strain Hamigera avellanea revealed the endophytic production of maytansine. This was further confirmed by the presence of AHBA synthase genes in the root endophytic communities. Finally, MALDI-imaging-HRMS was used to demonstrate that maytansine produced by the endophytes is typically accumulated mainly in the root cortex of both plants. Our study, thus, reveals that maytansine is actually a biosynthetic product of root-associated endophytic microorganisms. The knowledge gained from this study provides fundamental insights on the biosynthesis of so-called plant metabolites by endophytes residing in distinct ecological niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Kusari
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund , Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Babin D, Vogel C, Zühlke S, Schloter M, Pronk GJ, Heister K, Spiteller M, Kögel-Knabner I, Smalla K. Soil mineral composition matters: response of microbial communities to phenanthrene and plant litter addition in long-term matured artificial soils. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106865. [PMID: 25222697 PMCID: PMC4164357 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil is determined by a suite of biotic and abiotic factors, and disentangling their role in the complex soil interaction network remains challenging. Here, we investigate the influence of soil composition on the microbial community structure and its response to the spiked model PAH compound phenanthrene and plant litter. We used long-term matured artificial soils differing in type of clay mineral (illite, montmorillonite) and presence of charcoal or ferrihydrite. The soils received an identical soil microbial fraction and were incubated for more than two years with two sterile manure additions. The matured artificial soils and a natural soil were subjected to the following spiking treatments: (I) phenanthrene, (II) litter, (III) litter + phenanthrene, (IV) unspiked control. Total community DNA was extracted from soil sampled on the day of spiking, 7, 21, and 63 days after spiking. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal internal transcribed spacer amplicons were quantified by qPCR and subjected to denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). DGGE analysis revealed that the bacterial community composition, which was strongly shaped by clay minerals after more than two years of incubation, changed in response to spiked phenanthrene and added litter. DGGE and qPCR showed that soil composition significantly influenced the microbial response to spiking. While fungal communities responded only in presence of litter to phenanthrene spiking, the response of the bacterial communities to phenanthrene was less pronounced when litter was present. Interestingly, microbial communities in all artificial soils were more strongly affected by spiking than in the natural soil, which might indicate the importance of higher microbial diversity to compensate perturbations. This study showed the influence of soil composition on the microbiota and their response to phenanthrene and litter, which may increase our understanding of complex interactions in soils for bioremediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Babin
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn-Institut - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Cordula Vogel
- Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Institut für Umweltforschung (INFU), Lehrstuhl für Umweltchemie und Analytische Chemie der Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael Schloter
- Research Unit for Environmental Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Geertje Johanna Pronk
- Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Katja Heister
- Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Institut für Umweltforschung (INFU), Lehrstuhl für Umweltchemie und Analytische Chemie der Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ingrid Kögel-Knabner
- Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Kornelia Smalla
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn-Institut - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Braunschweig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
We have independently investigated the source of tramadol, a synthetic analgesic largely used for treating moderate to severe pain in humans, recently found in the roots of the Cameroonian medicinal plant, Nauclea latifolia. We found tramadol and its three major mammalian metabolites (O-desmethyltramadol, N-desmethyltramadol, and 4-hydroxycyclohexyltramadol) in the roots of N. latifolia and five other plant species, and also in soil and local water bodies only in the Far North region of Cameroon. The off-label administration of tramadol to cattle in this region leads to cross-contamination of the soil and water through feces and urine containing parent tramadol as well as tramadol metabolites produced in the animals. These compounds can then be absorbed by the plant roots and also leached into the local water supplies. The presence of tramadol in roots is, thus, due to an anthropogenic contamination with the synthetic compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Kusari
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44221 Dortmund (Germany)
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Choi JH, Lamshöft M, Zühlke S, Abd El-Aty AM, Rahman MM, Kim SW, Shim JH, Spiteller M. Analyses and decreasing patterns of veterinary antianxiety medications in soils. J Hazard Mater 2014; 275:154-165. [PMID: 24857899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An ultrasonic-assisted extraction method was developed to detect 16 antianxiety medications in soil samples using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS), Orbitrap mass spectrometer. The determination method resulted in satisfactory sensitivity, linearity, recovery, repeatability, and within-laboratory reproducibility. Acepromazine, azaperone, and xylazine were incubated in control, amended, and sterilized soils. The amendment with powdered blood meal affected the relatively fast dissipations of acepromazine, azaperone, and xylazine in the soils. Dissipation kinetics of acepromazine were consistent with bi-phasic kinetics (first-order multi compartment) and the other couples were fit to single first-order kinetics. A hydroxylated acepromazine was identified from soil samples using Orbitrap mass spectrometry. According to sorption batch experiments, the adsorption of acepromazine and azaperone was greatly high, whereas that of xylazine was relatively low. Xylazine was persistent in the incubated soils, and acepromazine demonstrated fast initial dissipation; hence, xylazine could have a potential harmful effect on the environment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the dissipation and adsorption-desorption patters of animal pharmaceutical tranquilizers and α, β-blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Heui Choi
- Institute of Environmental Research of the Faculty of Chemistry, Dortmund University of Technology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, 500-757 Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Marc Lamshöft
- Institute of Environmental Research of the Faculty of Chemistry, Dortmund University of Technology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Institute of Environmental Research of the Faculty of Chemistry, Dortmund University of Technology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, 500-757 Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt
| | - Md Musfiqur Rahman
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, 500-757 Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Kim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, 500-757 Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, 500-757 Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Institute of Environmental Research of the Faculty of Chemistry, Dortmund University of Technology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
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Choi JH, Lamshöft M, Zühlke S, Park JH, Rahman MM, El-Aty AMA, Spiteller M, Shim JH. Determination of anxiolytic veterinary drugs from biological fertilizer blood meal using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 28:751-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Heui Choi
- Institute of Environmental Research of the Faculty of Chemistry; Dortmund University of Technology; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science; Chonnam National University; 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu 500-757 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Marc Lamshöft
- Institute of Environmental Research of the Faculty of Chemistry; Dortmund University of Technology; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Institute of Environmental Research of the Faculty of Chemistry; Dortmund University of Technology; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Jong-Hyouk Park
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science; Chonnam National University; 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu 500-757 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Md. Musfiqur Rahman
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science; Chonnam National University; 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu 500-757 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - A. M. Abd El-Aty
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science; Chonnam National University; 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu 500-757 Gwangju Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Cairo University; 12211 Giza Egypt
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Institute of Environmental Research of the Faculty of Chemistry; Dortmund University of Technology; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science; Chonnam National University; 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu 500-757 Gwangju Republic of Korea
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Sulimma L, Bullach A, Kusari S, Lamshöft M, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Enantioselective Degradation of the Chiral Fungicides Metalaxyl and Furalaxyl by Brevibacillus brevis. Chirality 2013; 25:336-40. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Sulimma
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry; TU Dortmund; Dortmund Germany
| | - Anke Bullach
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry; TU Dortmund; Dortmund Germany
| | - Souvik Kusari
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry; TU Dortmund; Dortmund Germany
| | - Marc Lamshöft
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry; TU Dortmund; Dortmund Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry; TU Dortmund; Dortmund Germany
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry; TU Dortmund; Dortmund Germany
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Sukul P, Lamshöft M, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Evaluation of sorption-desorption processes for metalaxyl in natural and artificial soils. J Environ Sci Health B 2013; 48:431-441. [PMID: 23452208 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2012.761831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The main process controlling soil-pesticide interaction is the sorption-desorption as influenced by active soil surfaces. The sorption phenomena can influence translocation, volatility, persistence and bioactivity of a pesticide in soil. The present investigation was conducted on natural and artificial soils in order to enumerate the effect of soil components such as montmorillonite and ferrihydrite on the sorption behaviour of the fungicide metalaxyl and if sorption-desorption of the chiral pesticide affects the enantiomeric ratio. The sorption-desorption characteristics of metalaxyl were investigated by batch equilibration technique in a natural soil, two artificial soils, and in pure montmorillonite and ferrihydrite. After extraction, pesticide residues were analyzed by conventional and chiral chromatography using tandem mass spectrometry. A KdSorp (2.3-6.5) suggests low level sorption of metalaxyl with an appreciable risk of run-off and leaching. Thus, metalaxyl poses a threat to surface and ground water contamination. Furthermore, desorption tests revealed a hysteretic effect (H ≤ 0.8) in natural and artificial soils. Significant amount of metalaxyl was found tightly bound to the adsorbents without desorbing readily after desorption cycle. Desorption of 22-56% of the total amount of the retained metalaxyl was determined. This study reveals that an artificial soil derived from different soil constituents can be used to assess their influence on sorption/desorption processes. The present investigation showed that both montmorillonite and ferrihydrite play a significant role in the sorption of metalaxyl. The sorption doesn't influence the enantiomeric ratio of racemic metalaxyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premasis Sukul
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
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Kusari S, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Effect of artificial reconstitution of the interaction between the plant Camptotheca acuminata and the fungal endophyte Fusarium solani on camptothecin biosynthesis. J Nat Prod 2011; 74:764-775. [PMID: 21348469 DOI: 10.1021/np1008398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Fungal endophytes inhabit healthy tissues of all terrestrial plant taxa studied and occasionally produce host-specific compounds. We recently isolated an endophytic fungus, Fusarium solani, from Camptotheca acuminata, capable of biosynthesizing camptothecin (CPT, 1), but this capability substantially decreased on repeated subculturing. The endophyte with an impaired 1 biosynthetic capability was artificially inoculated into the living host plants and then recovered after colonization. Although the host-endophyte interaction could be reconstituted, biosynthesis of 1 could not be restored. Using a homology-based approach and high-precision isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (HP-IRMS), a cross-species biosynthetic pathway is proposed where the endophyte utilizes indigenous G10H (geraniol 10-hydroxylase), SLS (secologanin synthase), and TDC (tryptophan decarboxylase) to biosynthesize precursors of 1. However, the endophyte requires host STR (strictosidine synthase) in order to condense the nitrogen-containing moiety (tryptamine, 2) with the carbon-containing moiety (secologanin, 3) to form strictosidine (4) and complete the biosynthesis of 1. Biosynthetic genes of 1 in the seventh subculture generation of the endophyte revealed random and unpredictable nonsynonymous mutations. These random base substitutions led to dysfunction at the amino acid level. The controls, Top1 gene and rDNA, remained intact over subculturing, revealing that instability of biosynthetic genes of 1 was not reflected in the primary metabolic processes and functioning of the housekeeping genes. The present results reveal the causes of decreased production of 1 on subculturing, which could not be reversed by host-endophyte reassociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Kusari
- Institut für Umweltforschung (INFU) der Fakultät Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Umweltchemie und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Kusari S, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Chemometric evaluation of the anti-cancer pro-drug podophyllotoxin and potential therapeutic analogues in Juniperus and Podophyllum species. Phytochem Anal 2011; 22:128-43. [PMID: 21046682 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Revised: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Podophyllotoxin, deoxypodophyllotoxin, demethylpodophyllotoxin and podophyllotoxone are four therapeutically potent secondary metabolites. There is a dearth of information on the holistic analysis of their distribution pattern in both phylogenetic and ecological contexts. OBJECTIVES To analyse the continuum of the above metabolites in Juniperus and Podophyllum species collected from natural populations in Himalayan environments and the botanical gardens of Rombergpark and Haltern (Germany) using multi-component LC-ESI-MS/MS, coupled with statistically relevant chemometric assessment. METHODOLOGY We evaluated the individual and holistic metabolite profiles and chemometrically correlated the phytochemical loads between various species (infraspecific), organic and aqueous extracts, and populations of the same species from different locations, different species from same location, different species from different locations and infrageneric populations from same and different locations. RESULTS Multivariate analysis revealed Juniperus x-media Pfitzeriana as a suitable alternative to Podophyllum hexandrum for commercial exploitation. A significant positive correlation of podophyllotoxone with both podophyllotoxin and demethylpodophyllotoxin, and a negative correlation of podophyllotoxin with both deoxypodophyllotoxin and demethylpodophyllotoxin (infraspecific among Podophyllum), were observed by Kruskal's multidimensional scaling and corroborated by principal component analysis, indicating probable similarity and/or difference between the biosynthetic pathways, and synergistic and/or antagonistic principles, respectively. Finally, linear discriminant analysis and hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis revealed considerable infrageneric and infraspecific variability in secondary compound spectra and load of the different populations under study. CONCLUSION Such holistic studies of plants and their therapeutic metabolites ought to assist in selecting plants, geographical areas and environmental conditions for bioprospecting and global-scale phytochemical and phylogenetic diversity studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Kusari
- Institut für Umweltforschung (INFU), Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Maheswari MA, Lamshöft M, Sukul P, Spiteller P, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Photochemical analysis of 14C-fenhexamid in aqueous solution and structural elucidation of a new metabolite. Chemosphere 2010; 81:844-852. [PMID: 20804999 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2010] [Revised: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The photodegradation kinetics and the break down pathway of fenhexamid were studied in aqueous systems using [phenyl-UL-14C]- and [carbonyl-14C]-labelled compounds. The photolysis of fenhexamid followed first-order kinetics. The degradation rate of fenhexamid was significantly influenced by the solution pH with rate constants (k) of 2.11×10(-2), 4.47×10(-2), 6.11×10(-1) and 1.69 h(-1) at pH 5.0, 6.6, 7.3 and 9.0, respectively. Fenhexamid exhibited no significant change in degradation rate in the presence of acetone and hydrogen peroxide, while humic and fulvic acids retarded the degradation rate, because they shielded the active molecules from light. However, in phosphate medium, the photolysis rate was significantly enhanced as a function of concentration. About 3-8% and 10-25% photo mineralization were observed, using [carbonyl-14C]- and [phenyl-UL-14C]-labelled fenhexamid in aqueous solutions at different pH, respectively. In addition to four known metabolites, one major and five minor photoproducts out of which one is reported for the first time, were identified using high resolution LC-MS/MS and NMR. The toxicity of the new metabolite was tested against the fish Oncorhynchus mykiss with no lethal effect at 100 mg L(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Akhila Maheswari
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry, Dortmund University of Technology, Campus North, Otto-Hahn Strasse 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Sukul P, Zühlke S, Lamshöft M, Rosales-Conrado N, Spiteller M. Dissipation and metabolism of (14)C-spiroxamine in soil under laboratory condition. Environ Pollut 2010; 158:1542-1550. [PMID: 20060629 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/11/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Spiroxamine [SPX] belongs to a spiroketalamine group of substances. The biodegradation of [1,3-dioxolane-4-(14)C]-SPX has been examined in 2 soils of different physicochemical properties. The total recovery of radioactivity from soils was 98.6-103.5% of that applied. The total amount of extractable radioactivity declined with a simultaneous increase in non-extractable radioactivity. Volatile organics were detected at lower levels; however, mineralization played a marked effect on the route of SPX dissipation. The half-life ranges between 37 and 44 d. SPX does not undergo any enantioselective degradation. 4 metabolites: despropyl-SPX, desethyl-SPX, SPX N-oxide and SPX acid were identified, applying mass spectrometric technique. Sorption-desorption data fitted well with a Freundlich model in log form (r(2), 0.99). K(Dsorp) ranged between 44 and 230, suggesting SPX ought to be considered as a substance with low leaching potential [groundwater ubiquity score (GUS), <1.8]. Furthermore, an overall low desorption of 1-11% indicates firm retention of SPX by the soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premasis Sukul
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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Lamshöft M, Sukul P, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Behaviour of (14)C-sulfadiazine and (14)C-difloxacin during manure storage. Sci Total Environ 2010; 408:1563-8. [PMID: 20022355 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2009] [Revised: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 12/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The persistence of sulfadiazine, difloxacin, and their metabolites has been investigated in stored manure. The manure collected from sulfadiazine ((14)C-SDZ) and difloxacin ((14)C-DIF) treated pigs contained N-acetylsulfadiazine (Ac-SDZ), 4-hydroxy-SDZ (4-OH-SDZ), and sarafloxacin (SARA) as the main metabolites, respectively along with their parent compounds. Manures were stored separately at 10 degrees C and 20 degrees C at various moisture levels. About 96-99% of the radioactivity remained in extractable parent compounds and their metabolites after 150d of storage. The formation of non-extractable residue and the rate of mineralization were both negligible in manure containing SDZ and DIF. During storage SDZ concentration increased as a result of the deacetylation of Ac-SDZ, whose concentration decreased proportionally. Hence the environmental effects may be underestimated if the parent compound alone is considered for environmental risk assessment. About 11% and 14% of 4-OH-SDZ were lost after 20 and 40d of storage; thereafter its concentration increased relatively, highlighting hydroxylation of SDZ. DIF degraded very slowly (7% loss after 150d) during the storage of manure; in contrast the concentration of SARA decreased rapidly (72-90% loss after 150d). Dilution of manure and storage at higher temperatures for a reasonable period of time enhanced the rate of reactions of SDZ, DIF and their related metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Lamshöft
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
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Kusari S, Zühlke S, Kosuth J, Cellárová E, Spiteller M. Light-independent metabolomics of endophytic Thielavia subthermophila provides insight into microbial hypericin biosynthesis. J Nat Prod 2009; 72:1825-35. [PMID: 19746917 DOI: 10.1021/np9002977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The possible microbial mechanism of hypericin (1) and emodin (2) biosynthesis was studied in axenic submerged culture conditions in the endophytic fungus Thielavia subthermophila, isolated from Hypericum perforatum. The growth and secondary metabolite production of the endophyte remained independent of the illumination conditions. This production remained unaltered on spiking the medium with 3 or 5 mM 2, although the biomass accumulation was reduced. Neither emodin anthrone (3) nor protohypericin (4) could be detected at any stage of fermentation, irrespective of either spiking or illumination conditions. The endophytic metabolites exhibited photodynamic cytotoxicity against the human acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1), at 92.7 vs 4.9%, and 91.1 vs 1.0% viability by resazurin and ATPlite assays, in light and in the dark, respectively. In trying to ascertain the presence/expression of the candidate hyp-1 gene in the endophyte, it was revealed that the hyp-1 gene was absent in T. subthermophila, indicating that the biosynthetic pathway in the endophytic fungus might be different and/or governed by a different molecular mechanism than the host plant or host cell suspension cultures. We have discussed the biosynthetic principles and evolutionary implications relating to endophytic T. subthermophila based on the results obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Kusari
- Institut für Umweltforschung (INFU), Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Prabhakaran D, Sukul P, Lamshöft M, Maheswari MA, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Photolysis of difloxacin and sarafloxacin in aqueous systems. Chemosphere 2009; 77:739-46. [PMID: 19751946 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Revised: 08/18/2009] [Accepted: 08/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The photodegradation of two fluoroquinolone veterinary antibiotics, difloxacin (DIF) and sarafloxacin (SARA) has been explored for the first time in aqueous systems. The study was performed to evaluate the influence of pH, inorganics, humic substances, and other additives. The drugs followed first-order degradation kinetics in matrix free aqueous medium with a rate constant 'k' value of 0.82 and 0.26 h(-1) for DIF and SARA, respectively. Studies performed at various pH revealed that the photolysis rates dropped sharply at pH >7 for DIF, while SARA dissipated faster with increasing pH. Humic substances acted as light barriers by attenuating the light intensity, to retard the drug degradation process. However, rapid drug dissipation was observed in the presence of additives like acetone, hydrogen peroxide, and phosphates, while inorganics such as fluoride, nitrate, and sulfate did not influence the drug photodegradation. Studies on the photolysis of DIF and SARA in river water revealed that both the drugs degraded rapidly under conditions that were relevant to natural systems, following direct photolysis mechanism. It was observed that SARA was the primary photoproduct of DIF and showed relatively a higher persistence than DIF. The findings were also substantiated by the quantum yield (Phi(c)) calculations. The analytical measurements were carried out with LC-MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivasigamani Prabhakaran
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Dortmund University of Technology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Kusari S, Zühlke S, Borsch T, Spiteller M. Positive correlations between hypericin and putative precursors detected in the quantitative secondary metabolite spectrum of Hypericum. Phytochemistry 2009; 70:1222-32. [PMID: 19683774 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A spectrum of eight pharmacologically important secondary compounds, all putatively belonging to the polyketide pathway (hypericin, pseudohypericin, emodin, hyperforin, hyperoside, rutin, quercetin, and quercitrin) were analyzed in several hypericin-producing species of Hypericum by LC-MS/MS. Different organs such as leaves, stems and roots of wild-grown plants of Hypericum hirsutum L., Hypericum maculatum Crantz s. l., Hypericum montanum L., Hypericum tetrapterum Fr. collected in Slovakia and of Hypericum perforatum L. collected in India were examined individually. Highest contents of hypericin, pseudohypericin, and emodin were found in H. montanum, suggesting that there are alternative species to H. perforatum with high pharmaceutical value. Amounts of hyperforin and quercetin were highest in H. perforatum, whereas highest contents of hyperoside and quercitrin were found in H. maculatum. A significant positive correlation between hypericin and pseudohypericin as well as between hypericin and emodin was observed by Kruskal's multidimensional scaling (MDS), indicating a parallel enhancement of emodin as a common precursor in the biosynthetic pathways of hypericin and pseudohypericin. Furthermore, MDS combined with principal component analysis (PCA) revealed strong correlations in the occurrence of pseudohypericin and emodin, pseudohypericin and quercitrin, hypericin and quercitrin, emodin and quercitrin, hyperoside and quercitrin, rutin and quercetin, and, hyperforin and quercetin. On the other hand, rutin showed a negative correlation with emodin as well as with quercitrin. Furthermore, hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA) clustered hypericin and pseudohypericin, grouping emodin at equal distance from both. Considerable infraspecific variability in secondary compound spectrum and load of different populations of H. maculatum from Slovakia underscores the need for detailed studies of genotypic variation and environmental factors in relation to polyketide biosynthesis and accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Kusari
- Institut für Umweltforschung (INFU), Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Herebian D, Zühlke S, Lamshöft M, Spiteller M. Multi-mycotoxin analysis in complex biological matrices using LC-ESI/MS: experimental study using triple stage quadrupole and LTQ-Orbitrap. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:939-48. [PMID: 19224629 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we report the application of LC-MS based on two different LC-MS systems to mycotoxin analysis. The mycotoxins were extracted with an ACN/water/acetic acid mixture and directly injected into a LC-MS/MS system without any dilution procedure. First, a sensitive and reliable HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method using selected reaction monitoring on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (TSQ Quantum Ultra AM) has been developed for determining 32 mycotoxins in crude extracts of wheat and maize. This method was operated both in positive and in negative ionization modes in two separate chromatographic runs. The method was validated by studies of spiked recoveries, linearity, matrix effect, intra-assay precision and sensitivity. Further, we have developed and evaluated a method based on accurate mass measurements of extracted target ions in full scan mode using micro-LC-LTQ-Orbitrap as a tool for fast quantitative analysis. Both instruments exhibited very high sensitivity and repeatability in positive ionization mode. Coupling of micro-LC to Orbitrap technology was not applicable to the negatively ionizable compounds. The LC triple quadrupole MS method has proved to be stable in quantitation, as it is with respect to the matrix effects of grain samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diran Herebian
- Institute of Environmental Research, University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
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Sukul P, Lamshöft M, Kusari S, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Metabolism and excretion kinetics of 14C-labeled and non-labeled difloxacin in pigs after oral administration, and antimicrobial activity of manure containing difloxacin and its metabolites. Environ Res 2009; 109:225-231. [PMID: 19181312 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2008.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2008] [Revised: 11/20/2008] [Accepted: 12/10/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones are amongst the most important antibiotics used in veterinary medicine. On this account the behavior of difloxacin (DIF) and its metabolites was investigated by administering the (14)C-labeled and non-labeled veterinary drug to fattening pigs. The excretion kinetics were determined after daily collection of manure. Sarafloxacin (SAR) was found to be the major metabolite, three further trace metabolites were also recovered, applying high-resolution (HR) mass spectrometric technique. The identification of DIF and SAR was confirmed by comparison with the spectroscopic and chromatographic data of the authentic references. The identification of the three trace metabolites was performed by HR-MS/MS. Only 8.1% of the administered radioactivity remained in the pig after 10 days and DIF accounted for 95.9% of the radioactivity excreted. More than 99% of the labeled compounds were detected and identified in the manure. The mean recoveries for all single electrolytes were 94%. Linearity was established over concentration range 10-10,000 microg/kg manure with a correlation coefficient 0.99. By using in vitro antimicrobial activity tests against a group of standard pathogenic control strains, the results showed that the residual antibiotic concentrations in the manure of pigs are high enough to exhibit antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premasis Sukul
- Institut für Umweltforschung, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strabetae 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Förster M, Laabs V, Lamshöft M, Groeneweg J, Zühlke S, Spiteller M, Krauss M, Kaupenjohann M, Amelung W. Sequestration of manure-applied sulfadiazine residues in soils. Environ Sci Technol 2009; 43:1824-1830. [PMID: 19368178 DOI: 10.1021/es8026538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
It is not the total but the (bio)accessible concentration of veterinary medicines that determines their toxicity in the environment. We elucidate the changes in (bio)accessibility of manure-applied sulfadiazine (SDZ) with increasing contact time in soil. Fattening pigs were medicated with 14C-labeled SDZ, and the contaminated manure (fresh and aged) was amended to 2 soil types (Cambisol, Luvisol) and incubated for 218 days at 10 degrees C in the dark. Antibiotic residues of different bioaccessibility were approached by sequential extractions with 0.01 M CaCl2 (CaCl2 fraction), methanol (MeOH fraction), and finally acetonitrile/water (residual fraction, microwave extraction at 150 degrees C). In each fraction, total radioactivity, SDZ, and its major metabolites were quantified. The results showed that both SDZ and,to a lesser extent 4-hydroxysulfadiazine (4-OH-SDZ) were rapidly reformed from N-acetylsulfadiazine (N-ac-SDZ) during the first 2-4 weeks after fresh manure application, i.e., the N-acetylated metabolite does not sequester in soil to a significant extent Yet, the water and methanol extractable SDZ and 4-OH-SDZ also dissipated rapidly (DT50 = 6.0-32 days) for the fresh manure treatment with similar rate constants for both soil types. In the residual fractions, however, the concentrations of both compounds increased with time. We conclude that the residual fraction comprises the sequestered pool of SDZ and its hydroxylated metabolite. There they are entrapped and may persist in soil for several years. Including the residual fraction into fate studies thus yields dissipation half-lives of SDZ which exceed those previously reported for sulfonamides by a factor of about 100.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Förster
- University of Bonn, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Soil Science and Soil Ecology, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
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Abstract
The pentacyclic quinoline alkaloid camptothecin (1) is a potent antineoplastic agent. Two of its analogues, 9-methoxycamptothecin (2) and 10-hydroxycamptothecin (3), exhibit similar potency but do not have the potential therapeutic drawbacks produced by unmodified 1. We have established methodology for the isolation and unequivocal identification and characterization of a novel endophytic fungus isolated from the inner bark of the medicinal plant Camptotheca acuminata, which produced 1-3 in rich mycological medium (Sabouraud dextrose broth), under shake-flask fermentation conditions. The fungus was identified by its morphology and authenticated by ITS analysis (ITS1 and ITS2 regions and the intervening 5.8S rDNA region). Camptothecin (1) and its analogues were identified by 1H NMR spectroscopy and LC-HRMS and confirmed by comparison with authentic standards. The production pattern of the metabolites over seven successive subculture generations of this endophyte was studied. A sharp attenuation in the production of 1 and 2 was observed from the first- through to the seventh-generation subculture. Therefore, these results offer a caution as to the possibility of using endophytic fungi as alternate sources of plant secondary metabolite production. Further studies have been initiated on the analysis of the upstream metabolic intermediates to understand the steps at which the production of the metabolites in question is constrained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Kusari
- Institut für Umweltforschung (INFU), Technische UniVersität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Sukul P, Lamshöft M, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Sorption and desorption of sulfadiazine in soil and soil-manure systems. Chemosphere 2008; 73:1344-1350. [PMID: 18706672 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2008] [Revised: 06/25/2008] [Accepted: 06/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Sulfadiazine is a widely used veterinary medicine that has high potential to enter the environment, especially the soil compartment by the application of manure on agricultural land and grass land or by the deposition of dung pats on pasture. Once it reaches the soil environments, it may enter into surface and ground water. Therefore, sorption-desorption behavior of sulfadiazine was studied under laboratory conditions in five different soils varying in their physicochemical properties. A batch equilibration technique was used with initial aqueous solution concentration of sulfadiazine at 5, 0.5, 0.05, and 0.005 microg mL(-1). Sorption-desorption data in soils with and without manure were well fitted with Freundlich model in log form (r(2), 0.99). A sorption-desorption hysteresis effect was apparent in all soils. A significant amount of sulfadiazine was found tightly bound to the soil particles and did not desorb after the desorption process. Moreover, presence of manure enhanced hysteresis effect. Hysteresis coefficient (H) value from soils in absence of manure (0.9-1.0) increased to the soils in presence of manure (0.9-1.8). Soils in the absence of manure showed low level of K(D Sorp.) values ranging from 0.1 to 24.3, suggesting low level sorption of sulfadiazine with appreciable risk of run-off and leaching, and in turn, surface and ground water contamination. However, presence of manure increased the sorption tendency of sulfadiazine significantly (K(D Sorp.), 6.9-40.2). K(D) values pertaining to desorption cycle increased from 1.2-90.4 to 10.4-167.3 in absence and presence of manure, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premasis Sukul
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Stülten D, Zühlke S, Lamshöft M, Spiteller M. Occurrence of diclofenac and selected metabolites in sewage effluents. Sci Total Environ 2008; 405:310-6. [PMID: 18640705 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2008] [Revised: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 05/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Many pharmaceuticals along with their metabolites have been detected in environmental water samples in the recent decades. The analgesic diclofenac is widely used and thus enters the aquatic environment. Already at realistic environmental concentration levels harmful effects to different organisms have been demonstrated. As this could also be expected for its metabolites, their fate was examined. Six wastewater treatment plant effluents collected throughout Germany were analyzed for the drug and two of its hydroxylated metabolites, 4'-hydroxy diclofenac (4'-OHD) and 5-hydroxy diclofenac (5-OHD), together with the lactam of 4'-OHD, 4'-hydroxy diclofenac dehydrate (4'-OHDD). A quantitative analytical method has been developed using solid-phase extraction followed by LC-ESI-MS/MS. The limits of quantitation (LOQ) in sewage effluent were 0.06 mug/l for diclofenac and its hydroxyl metabolites and 0.07 microg/l for 4'-OHDD. Recoveries ranged from 62 to 81%. The metabolites were detected in the samples in median concentration ranges of <LOQ to 0.71 microg/l, <LOQ to 0.45 microg/l, and <LOQ to 0.42 microg/l for 4'-OHD, 5-OHD, and 4'-OHDD, respectively, while median diclofenac concentrations ranged from 1.3 to 3.3 mug/l. The wide occurrence of its metabolites is highly relevant on account of their structural similarity and the toxicological properties of diclofenac and needs further examination of both toxicity and environmental concentrations of the metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dele Stülten
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
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Sukul P, Lamshöft M, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Photolysis of 14C-sulfadiazine in water and manure. Chemosphere 2008; 71:717-725. [PMID: 18076971 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2007] [Revised: 10/15/2007] [Accepted: 10/17/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Photolysis of 14C-sulfadiazine in aqueous solution under simulated sunlight followed first-order kinetics. The impact of H2O2, humic acid, fulvic acid and acetone to enhance the photodegradation of sulfadiazine (SDZ) was studied. Six photoproducts, 4-OH-SDZ, 5-OH-SDZ, N-formyl-SDZ, 4-[2-iminopyrimidine-1(2H)-yl] aniline, 2-aminopyrimidine, and aniline were identified. Extrusion of SO2 was found to be the main degradation process during irradiation. These photoproducts can occur in water and soil upon sunlight exposure, when soil is treated with SDZ contained in manure. Due to photodegradation the experimental half-life of the SDZ in water was 32h and in the presence of photosensitizers the half-life values were 19.3-31.4h, 17.2-31.4h, 12.6-29.8h, and 3.8-30.7h for H2O2, humic acid, fulvic acid, and acetone, respectively depending on the concentration of the photosensitizers. The presence of photosensitizers markedly reduced SDZ persistence, indicating that indirect photolytic processes are important factors governing the photodegradation of SDZ in aqueous environments. Investigation revealed further persistence behavior of SDZ in manure. The half-life value of SDZ in manure was 158h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premasis Sukul
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Abstract
For the first time, an endophytic fungus has been isolated from the stems of the medicinal herb Hypericum perforatum (St. John's Wort). The fungus produced the napthodianthrone derivative hypericin ( 1) in rich mycological medium (potato dextrose broth) under shake flask and bench scale fermentation conditions. Emodin ( 2) was also produced simultaneously by the fungus under the same culture conditions. We propose 2 as the main precursor in the microbial metabolic pathway to 1. The fungus was identified by morphology and authenticated by 28S (LSU) rDNA sequencing. Compounds 1 and 2 were identified by LC-HRMS, LC-MS/MS, and LC-HRMS/MS and confirmed by comparison with authentic standards. In bioassays with a panel of laboratory standard pathogenic control strains, including fungi and bacteria, both fungal 1 and 2 possessed antimicrobial activity comparable to authentic standards. This endophytic fungus has significant scientific and industrial potential to meet the pharmaceutical demands for 1 in a cost-effective, easily accessible, and reproducible way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Kusari
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Stülten D, Lamshöft M, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Isolation and characterization of a new human urinary metabolite of diclofenac applying LC-NMR-MS and high-resolution mass analyses. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 47:371-6. [PMID: 18314292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2007] [Revised: 01/10/2008] [Accepted: 01/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac is widely used. Diclofenac is extensively metabolized to several hydroxylated derivatives and their conjugates. The lactam-dehydrate of 4'-hydroxy diclofenac (4'-OHDD) has now been detected as a new urinary metabolite of diclofenac. Isolation was successfully performed using preparative HPLC in three different steps using water, methanol, and acetonitrile, respectively. The structural characterization of 4'-OHDD was achieved by LC-NMR-MS. In addition, specific mass fragmentation pattern could be obtained using LC-high-resolution MS with both positive and negative electrospray ionization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dele Stülten
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
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Kolvenbach B, Schlaich N, Raoui Z, Prell J, Zühlke S, Schäffer A, Guengerich FP, Corvini PFX. Degradation pathway of bisphenol A: does ipso substitution apply to phenols containing a quaternary alpha-carbon structure in the para position? Appl Environ Microbiol 2007; 73:4776-84. [PMID: 17557840 PMCID: PMC1951029 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00329-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2007] [Accepted: 06/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The degradation of bisphenol A and nonylphenol involves the unusual rearrangement of stable carbon-carbon bonds. Some nonylphenol isomers and bisphenol A possess a quaternary alpha-carbon atom as a common structural feature. The degradation of nonylphenol in Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3 occurs via a type II ipso substitution with the presence of a quaternary alpha-carbon as a prerequisite. We report here a new degradation pathway of bisphenol A. Consequent to the hydroxylation at position C-4, according to a type II ipso substitution mechanism, the C-C bond between the phenolic moiety and the isopropyl group of bisphenol A is broken. Besides the formation of hydroquinone and 4-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)phenol as the main metabolites, further compounds resulting from molecular rearrangements consistent with a carbocationic intermediate were identified. Assays with resting cells or cell extracts of Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3 under an (18)O(2) atmosphere were performed. One atom of (18)O(2) was present in hydroquinone, resulting from the monooxygenation of bisphenol A and nonylphenol. The monooxygenase activity was dependent on both NADPH and flavin adenine dinucleotide. Various cytochrome P450 inhibitors had identical inhibition effects on the conversion of both xenobiotics. Using a mutant of Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3, which is defective for growth on nonylphenol, we demonstrated that the reaction is catalyzed by the same enzymatic system. In conclusion, the degradation of bisphenol A and nonylphenol is initiated by the same monooxygenase, which may also lead to ipso substitution in other xenobiotics containing phenol with a quaternary alpha-carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kolvenbach
- Department of Environmental Research, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Lamshöft M, Sukul P, Zühlke S, Spiteller M. Metabolism of 14C-labelled and non-labelled sulfadiazine after administration to pigs. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 388:1733-45. [PMID: 17619182 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2007] [Revised: 05/09/2007] [Accepted: 05/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The behaviour of sulfadiazine (SDZ) and its metabolites was investigated by administering the (14)C-labelled veterinary drug to fattening pigs. The excretion kinetics were determined after daily collection of manure. Two known metabolites, N-acetylsulfadiazine and 4-hydroxysulfadiazine, and two hitherto unidentified minor metabolites were recovered. Various mass spectrometric techniques such as parent, product ion scans and accurate mass measurement were used. The new compounds were identified as N-formylsulfadiazine (For-SDZ) and N-acetyl-4-hydroxysulfadiazine (Ac-4-OH-SDZ). The identification of SDZ, Ac-SDZ and For-SDZ was confirmed by comparison of the spectroscopic and chromatographic data of the synthesized authentic references. The identification of the hydroxylated compounds 4-OH-SDZ and Ac-4-OH-SDZ was performed by MSn, and accurate mass measurements. Only 4% of the administered radioactivity remained in the pig after ten days and SDZ accounted for 44% of the 96% radioactivity excreted. More than 93% of the labelled compounds were detected and identified in the manure. The key analytical problem, namely a high concentration of matrix in sample extracts, was overcome by advanced measurement techniques and with the use of a suitable internal standard. The mean recoveries for all compounds were >or=96%. Linearity was established over a concentration range of 0.5 to 10,000 microg kg(-1) manure with a correlation coefficient>or=0.99. The same experiment was carried out simultaneously with non-labelled SDZ to obtain manure for outdoor soil experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Lamshöft
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
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Cirja M, Zühlke S, Ivashechkin P, Schäffer A, Corvini PFX. Fate of a 14C-labeled nonylphenol isomer in a laboratory-scale membrane bioreactor. Environ Sci Technol 2006; 40:6131-6. [PMID: 17051811 DOI: 10.1021/es060668z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at giving a better insight into the possible fate of nonylphenol (NP) during wastewater treatment by using a lab-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) designed and optimized for fate studies carried out with radiolabeled compounds. After a single pulse of 14C-labeled-NP isomer (4-[1-ethyl-1,3-dimethylpentyl]phenol) as radiotracer, the applied radioactivity was monitored in the MBR system over 34 days. The mass balance of NP residues at the end of the study showed that 42% of the applied radioactivity was recovered in the effluent as degradation products of NP, 21% was removed with the daily excess sludge from the MBR, and 34% was recovered as adsorbed in the component parts of the MBR. A high amount of NP was associated to the sludge during the test period, while degradation compounds were mainly found in the effluent. Partial identification of these metabolites by means of HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry coupled to radio-detection showed they are alkyl-chain oxidation products of NP. The use of this MBR and a radiolabeled test compound was found suitable for demonstrating that under the applied conditions, the elimination of NP through mineralization and volatilization processes (both less than 1%) was negligible. However, the removal of NP via sorption and the continuous release of oxidation products of NP in permeate were of relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Cirja
- Institute of Environmental Research-Environmental Biology and Chemodynamics (BioV), RWTH Aachen University, Germany.
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