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Román-Ochoa Y, M Cantu-Jungles T, Choque Delgado GT, Bulut N, Tejada TR, Yucra HR, Duran AE, Hamaker BR. Specific dietary fibers prevent heavy metal disruption of the human gut microbiota in vitro. Food Res Int 2024; 176:113858. [PMID: 38163737 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal exposure is a growing concern due to its adverse effects on human health, including the disruption of gut microbiota composition and function. Dietary fibers have been shown to positively impact the gut microbiota and could mitigate some of the heavy metal negative effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different heavy metals (As, Cd and Hg in different concentrations) on gut microbiota in the presence and absence of different dietary fibers that included fructooligosaccharides, pectin, resistant starch, and wheat bran. We observed that whereas heavy metals impaired fiber fermentation outcomes for some fiber types, the presence of fibers generally protected gut microbial communities from heavy metal-induced changes, especially for As and Cd. Notably, the protective effects varied depending on fiber types, and heavy metal type and concentration and were overall stronger for wheat bran and pectin than other fiber types. Our findings suggest that dietary fibers play a role in mitigating the adverse effects of heavy metal exposure on gut microbiota health and may have implications for the development of dietary interventions to reduce dysbiosis associated with heavy metal exposure. Moreover, fiber-type specific outcomes highlight the importance of evidence-based selection of prebiotic dietary fibers to mitigate heavy metal toxicity to the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yony Román-Ochoa
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research and Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Carbohydrate Biochemistry Research Group (BIOCAB), Department of Chemistry, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Thaisa M Cantu-Jungles
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research and Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | | | - Nuseybe Bulut
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research and Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Teresa R Tejada
- Academic Department of Food Industries Engineering, National University of San Agustin, Arequipa, Peru
| | - Harry R Yucra
- Academic Department of Food Industries Engineering, National University of San Agustin, Arequipa, Peru
| | - Antonio E Duran
- Academic Department of Food Industries Engineering, National University of San Agustin, Arequipa, Peru
| | - Bruce R Hamaker
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research and Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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2
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Zhao S, Pan Z, Azarakhsh N, Ramaswamy HS, Duan H, Wang C. Effects of high-pressure processing on the physicochemical and adsorption properties, structural characteristics, and dietary fiber content of kelp ( Laminaria japonica). Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 8:100671. [PMID: 38235495 PMCID: PMC10792453 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of high-pressure processing (HPP) on the physicochemical and adsorption properties and structural characteristics of kelp, kelp slice (KS) and kelp powder (KP) were treated under different pressures (300, 450, and 600 MPa) for 5 and 10 min. Compared to untreated KP, HPP-treated KP yielded a 1.31-fold increase in water holding capacity (600 MPa/5 min), a 0.12-fold increase in swelling capacity (450 MPa/10 min), a 1.33-fold increase in oil holding capacity (600 MPa/10 min), a 10-fold increase in glucose adsorption capacity (450 MPa/10 min), and a 0.22-fold increase in cholesterol adsorption capacity (163.1 mg/g DW at 450 MPa/10 min), and exhibited good Cd (Ⅱ) adsorption capacity when its concentration was 10 mmol/L in the small intestine. The physicochemical properties of HPP-treated KS were not improved due to its low specific surface area. In addition, HPP treatment efficiently reduced the particle size of KP and increased its total and soluble dietary fiber content by 17% and 63% at 600 MPa/10 min, respectively. Scanning electron microscope micrographs demonstrated that the surface of HPP-treated KP was rough and porous, and the specific surface area increased with increasing pressure and processing time. To conclude, the results obtained in the present study suggest that HPP is a promising processing method for improving the functionality and structural characteristics of KP and provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of HPP-treated KP as a fiber-rich ingredient in the functional food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Zhao
- International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhitao Pan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Nima Azarakhsh
- International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hosahalli S. Ramaswamy
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus of McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hanying Duan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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3
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Sztupecki W, Rhazi L, Depeint F, Aussenac T. Functional and Nutritional Characteristics of Natural or Modified Wheat Bran Non-Starch Polysaccharides: A Literature Review. Foods 2023; 12:2693. [PMID: 37509785 PMCID: PMC10379113 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat bran (WB) consists mainly of different histological cell layers (pericarp, testa, hyaline layer and aleurone). WB contains large quantities of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), including arabinoxylans (AX) and β-glucans. These dietary fibres have long been studied for their health effects on management and prevention of cardiovascular diseases, cholesterol, obesity, type-2 diabetes, and cancer. NSP benefits depend on their dose and molecular characteristics, including concentration, viscosity, molecular weight, and linked-polyphenols bioavailability. Given the positive health effects of WB, its incorporation in different food products is steadily increasing. However, the rheological, organoleptic and other problems associated with WB integration are numerous. Biological, physical, chemical and combined methods have been developed to optimise and modify NSP molecular characteristics. Most of these techniques aimed to potentially improve food processing, nutritional and health benefits. In this review, the physicochemical, molecular and functional properties of modified and unmodified WB are highlighted and explored. Up-to-date research findings from the clinical trials on mechanisms that WB have and their effects on health markers are critically reviewed. The review points out the lack of research using WB or purified WB fibre components in randomized, controlled clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Thierry Aussenac
- Institut Polytechnique Unilasalle, Université d’Artois, ULR 7519, 60026 Beauvais, France; (W.S.); (L.R.); (F.D.)
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Effects of Multiscale Mechanical Pulverization on the Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Black Tea. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172651. [PMID: 36076835 PMCID: PMC9455799 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Black tea leaves were pulverized at an organ-scale (~mm), tissue-scale (500−100 μm) and cell-scale (<50−10 μm) to investigate their physicochemical and functional properties. The results showed that cell-scale powders exhibited a bright brown color compared with organ- or tissue-scale powders with the highest total color difference (∆E) of 39.63 and an L value of 55.78. There was no obvious difference in the oil-holding capacity (OHC) of the organ- and tissue-scale powders (3.71−3.74 g/g), while the OHC increased significantly to 4.08 g/g in cell-scale powders. The soluble dietary fiber (SDF) content of cell-scale powders increased remarkably to 10.41%, indicating a potential application as a high-SDF food. Further, cell-scale pulverization of black tea enhanced its DPPH scavenging activity and ferric-ion-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). However, the polyphenol content (13.18−13.88%) and the protein content (27.63−28.09%), as well as the Pb2+ adsorption capacity (1.97−1.99 mg/g) were not affected by multiscale pulverizations. The mean particle size (D50) correlated linearly with tap density (TD), color parameters of L and b, SDF content, DPPH scavenging activity and FRAP. The results indicate that black tea powders pulverized at a cell-scale can be used as a soluble fiber-rich functional food additive with a bright color, enhanced OHC and antioxidant capacity.
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Du B, Cheng C, Ren X, Yang Y, Xu B. Enhancement of Potential Health Benefits of Insoluble Dietary Fiber from the Fruiting Body of Medicinal Mushroom Schizophyllum commune (Agaricomycetes) Through Superfine Pulverization. Int J Med Mushrooms 2022; 24:73-82. [DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2022045183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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6
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Wang W, Gong Y, Greenfield BK, Nunes LM, Yang Q, Lei P, Bu W, Wang B, Zhao X, Huang L, Zhong H. Relative contribution of rice and fish consumption to bioaccessibility-corrected health risks for urban residents in eastern China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 155:106682. [PMID: 34120005 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
There are global concerns about dietary exposure to metal(loid)s in foods. However, little is known about the relative contribution of rice versus fish to multiple metal(loid) exposure for the general population, especially in Asia where rice and fish are major food sources. We compared relative contributions of rice and fish consumption to multi-metal(loid) exposure on the city-scale (Nanjing) and province-scale in China. The effects of ingestion rate, metal(loid) level, and bioaccessibility were examined to calculate modeled risk from Cu, Zn, total As (TAs), inorganic As (iAs), Se, Cd, Pb, and methylmercury (MeHg). Metal(loid) levels in rice and fish samples collected from Nanjing City were generally low, except iAs. Metal(loid) bioaccessibilities in fish were higher than those in rice, except Se. Calculated carcinogenic risks induced by iAs intake (indicated by increased lifetime cancer risk, ILCR) were above the acceptable level (1 0 -4) in Nanjing City (median: 3 × 10-4 for female and 4 × 10-4 for male) and nine provinces (1.4 × 10-4 to 5.9 × 10-4) in China. Rice consumption accounted for 85.0% to 99.8% of carcinogenic risk. The non-carcinogenic hazard quotients (HQ) for single metals and hazard index (HI) for multi-metal exposure were < 1 in all cases, indicating of their slight non-carcinogen health effects associated. In Guangdong and Jiangsu provinces, results showed that rice and fish intake contributed similarly to the HI (i.e., 42.6% vs 57.4% in Guangdong and 54.6% vs 45.4% in Jiangsu). Sensitivity analysis indicated that carcinogenic risk was most sensitive to rice ingestion rate and rice iAs levels, while non-carcinogenic hazard (i.e., HQ and HI) was most sensitive to ingestion rate of fish and rice, and Cu concentration in rice. Our results suggest that rice is more important than fish for human dietary metal(loid) exposure risk in China, and carcinogenic risk from iAs exposure in rice requires particular attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yu Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Division of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6158540, Japan
| | - Ben K Greenfield
- Public Health Program, Muskie School of Public Service, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04101, USA
| | - Luís M Nunes
- University of Algarve, Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability Center, Faro, Portugal
| | - Qianqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Pei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Wenbo Bu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiaomiao Zhao
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Environmental and Life Sciences Program (EnLS), Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
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7
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Ahmed F. In vitro hypoglycemic effects of molokhia leaves (Corchorus olitorius L.). Pharmacogn Mag 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_525_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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8
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Föste M, Verheyen C, Jekle M, Becker T. Fibres of milling and fruit processing by-products in gluten-free bread making: A review of hydration properties, dough formation and quality-improving strategies. Food Chem 2020; 306:125451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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9
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Chang J, Zhou Y, Wang Q, Aschner M, Lu R. Plant components can reduce methylmercury toxication: A mini-review. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:129290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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10
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Qi J, Li Y, Majeed H, Goff HD, Rahman MRT, Zhong F. Adsorption mechanism modeling using lead (Pb) sorption data on modified rice bran-insoluble fiber as universal approach to assess other metals toxicity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2019.1650764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qi
- Department of Food Engineering, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200 China
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
| | - Hamid Majeed
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
- Department of Food Science, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - H. Douglas Goff
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Md Ramim Tanver Rahman
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
| | - Fang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
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11
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Modification of garlic skin dietary fiber with twin-screw extrusion process and in vivo evaluation of Pb binding. Food Chem 2018; 268:550-557. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Wang L, Wu J, Luo X, Li Y, Wang R, Li Y, Li J, Chen Z. Dynamic High-Pressure Microfluidization Treatment of Rice Bran: Effect on Pb(II) Ions Adsorption In Vitro. J Food Sci 2018; 83:1980-1989. [PMID: 29995310 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Insoluble dietary fiber from rice bran (RBIDF) was treated with dynamic high-pressure microfluidization (DHPM). The influence of pressure on the adsorption of Pb(II) capacity of RBIDF was explored in a simulation of the gastrointestinal environment. RBIDF (pH 7.0) displayed the maximal binding capacity (420.74 ± 13.12 μmol/g), at the level of 150 MPa, which was as 1.36 times as the untreated sample. DHPM-treated RBIDF demonstrated a higher ability to adsorb cholesterol and sodium cholate. Meanwhile, the treatment changed the morphology but did not alter the primary structure. The adsorption capacity is linear to the physicochemical properties of the total negative charges. The adsorption kinetics fit the pseudo-second-order model, Pb(II) adsorption mainly occur on the surface of the fiber particulate, this process includes natural physical adsorption and chemical reaction. This study provides a feasible approach for improving the adsorption capacity of RBIDF, especially the adsorption of Pb(II). PRACTICAL APPLICATION Dynamic high-pressure microfluidization can modify biomass adsorption materials effectively as a physically modification. The pretreatment dietary fiber can be used as a low-cost absorbing heavy metal biosorbent, and can be develop the functional food ingredients in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China.,Natl. Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China.,Natl. Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiaohu Luo
- Natl. Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yongfu Li
- Natl. Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Ren Wang
- Natl. Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Natl. Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Juan Li
- Natl. Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Zhengxing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China.,Natl. Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China
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13
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Thielecke F, Nugent AP. Contaminants in Grain-A Major Risk for Whole Grain Safety? Nutrients 2018; 10:E1213. [PMID: 30200531 PMCID: PMC6163171 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Grains are the main energy and carbohydrate sources for human nutrition globally. Governmental and non-governmental authorities recommend whole grains as a healthy food choice. The role of contaminants in (whole) grains and how to mitigate any potential risk following their consumption has not been reported. With this narrative review, we shed light on the potential human health risk from contaminants in whole grains and elaborate strategies to mitigate such risk. We found that grains represent a significant source of food-borne contaminants, the main ones being; mycotoxins including (A) aflatoxin B1; (B) ochratoxin A; (C) fumonisin B1; (D) deoxynivalenol; (E) zearalenone; toxic metals like arsenic, cadmium and lead; as well as process contaminants such as acrylamide. Whole grains usually contain more contaminants than refined products. However, whole grains also provide more nutrients that may reduce the impact of these contaminants. Strict regulatory thresholds aim to minimize the risk of contaminants to public health. The consumer can further impact on the mitigation of any risk by eating a healthy diet filled with nutrient-dense foods such as whole grains and probiotics. The risk posed by contaminants from whole grains do not outweigh the known nutritional benefits of whole grain consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Thielecke
- Swiss Distance University of Applied Sciences, Althardstrasse 60, Regendorf-Zürich CH-8105, Switzerland.
| | - Anne P Nugent
- School of Biological Sciences, Queens University Belfast, 02.0014 Northern Ireland Technology Centre, Cloreen Park, Belfast BT9 5HN, Northern Ireland.
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14
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Surface display of PbrR on Escherichia coli and evaluation of the bioavailability of lead associated with engineered cells in mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5685. [PMID: 29632327 PMCID: PMC5890273 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human exposure to lead mainly occurs by ingestion of contaminated food, water and soil. Blocking lead uptake in the gastrointestinal tract is a novel prevention strategy. Whole-cell biosorbent for lead was constructed with PbrR genetically engineered on the cell surface of Escherichia coli (E. coli), a predominant strain among intestinal microflora, using lipoprotein (Lpp)-OmpA as the anchoring protein. In vitro, the PbrR displayed cells had an enhanced ability for immobilizing toxic lead(II) ions from the external media at both acidic and neutral pH, and exhibited a higher specific adsorption for lead compared to other physiological two valence metal ions. In vivo, the persistence of recombinant E. coli in the murine intestinal tract and the integrity of surface displayed PbrR were confirmed. In addition, oral administration of surface-engineered E. coli was safe in mice, in which the concentrations of physiological metal ions in blood were not affected. More importantly, lead associated with PbrR-displayed E. coli was demonstrated to be less bioavailable in the experimental mouse model with exposure to oral lead. This is reflected by significantly lower blood and femur lead concentrations in PbrR-displayed E. coli groups compared to the control. These results open up the possibility for the removal of toxic metal ions in vivo using engineered microorganisms as adsorbents.
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15
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Sallon S, Dory Y, Barghouthy Y, Tamdin T, Sangmo R, Tashi J, Yangdon S, Yeshi T, Sadutshang T, Rotenberg M, Cohen E, Harlavan Y, Sharabi G, Bdolah-Abram T. Is mercury in Tibetan Medicine toxic? Clinical, neurocognitive and biochemical results of an initial cross-sectional study. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 242:316-332. [PMID: 27738246 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216672748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mercury an important therapeutic substance in Tibetan Medicine undergoes complex "detoxification" prior to inclusion in multi-ingredient formulas. In an initial cross-sectional study, patients taking Tibetan Medicine for various conditions were evaluated for mercury toxicity. Two groups were identified: Group 1, patients taking " Tsothel" the most important detoxified mercury preparation and Group 2, patients taking other mercury preparations or mercury free Tibetan Medicine. Atomic fluorescence spectrometry of Tibetan Medicine showed mercury consumption 130 µg/kg/day (Group 1) and 30 µg/kg/day (Group 2) ( P ≤ 0.001), levels above EPA (RfDs) suggested threshold (0.3 µg/kg /day) for oral chronic exposure. Mean duration of Tibetan Medicine treatment was 9 ± 17 months (range 3-116) (Group 1) and 5 ± 1.96 months (range 1-114) (Group 2) (NS) with cumulative days of mercury containing Tibetan Medicine, 764 days ± 1214 (range 135-7330) vs. 103 days ± 111 (range 0-426), respectively ( P ≤ 0.001). Comparison of treatment groups with healthy referents (Group 3) not taking Tibetan Medicine showed no significant differences in prevalence of 23 non-specific symptoms of mercury toxicity, abnormal neurological, cardiovascular and dental findings and no correlation with mercury exposure variables; consumption, cumulative treatment days, blood/ urine Hg. Liver and renal function tests in treatment groups were not significantly increased compared to referents, with mean urine Beta2 Microglobulin within the normal range and not significantly associated with Hg exposure variables after correcting for confounding variables. Neurocognitive testing showed no significant intergroup differences for Wechsler Memory Scale, Grooved Pegboard, Visual Retention, but Group1 scores were better for Mini-Mental, Brief Word Learning, Verbal Fluency after correcting for confounding variables. These results suggest mercury containing Tibetan Medicine does not have appreciable adverse effects and may exert a possible beneficial effect on neurocognitive function. Since evidence of mercury as a toxic heavy metal, however, is well known, further analysis of literature on mercury use in other Asian traditional systems is highly suggested prior to further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Sallon
- 1 The Louis L Borick Natural Medicine Research Center, Hadassah Medical Organization, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Yahav Dory
- 2 Hebrew University Hadassah, School of Medicine, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Yazeed Barghouthy
- 2 Hebrew University Hadassah, School of Medicine, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Tsewang Tamdin
- 3 Men-Tsee-Khang Tibetan Medical & Astro Institute of H.H the Dalai Lama, Dharamsala, HP 176215, India
| | - Rigzin Sangmo
- 3 Men-Tsee-Khang Tibetan Medical & Astro Institute of H.H the Dalai Lama, Dharamsala, HP 176215, India
| | - Jamyang Tashi
- 3 Men-Tsee-Khang Tibetan Medical & Astro Institute of H.H the Dalai Lama, Dharamsala, HP 176215, India
| | - Sonam Yangdon
- 3 Men-Tsee-Khang Tibetan Medical & Astro Institute of H.H the Dalai Lama, Dharamsala, HP 176215, India
| | - Tenzin Yeshi
- 3 Men-Tsee-Khang Tibetan Medical & Astro Institute of H.H the Dalai Lama, Dharamsala, HP 176215, India
| | | | - Michal Rotenberg
- 5 Institute of Toxicology, Tel Hashomer Hospital, Ramat Gan 52621 Israel
| | - Elinor Cohen
- 5 Institute of Toxicology, Tel Hashomer Hospital, Ramat Gan 52621 Israel
| | - Yehudit Harlavan
- 6 Division of Geochemistry & Environmental Geology, The Geological Survey of Israel, Jerusalem 9550, Israel
| | - Galit Sharabi
- 6 Division of Geochemistry & Environmental Geology, The Geological Survey of Israel, Jerusalem 9550, Israel
| | - Tali Bdolah-Abram
- 2 Hebrew University Hadassah, School of Medicine, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
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Wang H, Huang T, Tu ZC, Ruan CY, Lin D. The adsorption of lead(II) ions by dynamic high pressure micro-fluidization treated insoluble soybean dietary fiber. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2016; 53:2532-9. [PMID: 27478208 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2203-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Insoluble dietary fiber from soybean residue (SIDF) was treated with dynamic high-pressure microfluidization (DHPM) and used as adsorbent for Pb(II) ion. The effects of pressure on the Pb(II) adsorption capacity, primary cilia structure and surface topography of SIDF were determined using a gastrointestinal simulated model in vitro. SIDF (at pH 7.0) showed maximum binding capacity (261.42 ± 2.77 μmol/g), which was about 1.13 times higher than that of untreated sample (233.47 ± 1.84 μmol/g), when pressure reached 80 MPa. However, the net adsorption value of SIDF in a simulated small intestine (~ 9 μmol/g) was significantly lower than that in the stomach (~ 48 μmol/g), because of the competitive adsorption of Pb(2+) by pancreatin, cholate and several enzymes in the small intestine. In addition, the adsorption capacity of SIDF exhibited good linear relationship with the physicochemical properties of total negative charges, and the adsorption behavior presumably occurred on the surface area of granules fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047 China
| | - Tao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047 China
| | - Zong-Cai Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047 China ; Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022 China
| | - Chuan-Ying Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047 China
| | - Derong Lin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014 People's Republic of China
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17
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Manini P, Panzella L, Eidenberger T, Giarra A, Cerruti P, Trifuoggi M, Napolitano A. Efficient Binding of Heavy Metals by Black Sesame Pigment: Toward Innovative Dietary Strategies To Prevent Bioaccumulation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:890-897. [PMID: 26752477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Black sesame pigment (BSP) was shown to bind lead, cadmium, and mercury at pH 7.0 and to a lower extent at pH 2.0. BSP at 0.05 mg/mL removed the metals at 15 μM to a significant extent (>65% for cadmium and >90% for mercury and lead), with no changes following simulated digestion. The maximum binding capacities at pH 7.0 were 626.0 mg/g (lead), 42.2 mg/g (cadmium), and 69.3 mg/g (mercury). In the presence of essential metals, such as iron, calcium, and zinc, BSP retained high selectivity toward heavy metals. Model pigments from caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and coniferyl alcohol showed lower or comparable binding ability, suggesting that the marked properties of BSP may result from cooperativity of different sites likely carboxy groups and o-diphenol and guaiacyl functionalities. Direct evidence for the presence of such units was obtained by structural analysis of BSP by solid-state Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Manini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Panzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Thomas Eidenberger
- School of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Upper Austria University of Applied Sciences , Stelzhamerstraße 23, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Antonella Giarra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Cerruti
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), National Research Council (CNR) , Via Campi Flegrei 34, I-80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
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18
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Preparation and physicochemical properties of soluble dietary fiber from orange peel assisted by steam explosion and dilute acid soaking. Food Chem 2015; 185:90-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Physicochemical and Bioactive Properties of Soluble Dietary Fibers from Blasting Extrusion Processing (BEP)-Extruded Carrot Residues. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-015-1557-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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20
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Ye F, Tao B, Liu J, Zou Y, Zhao G. Effect of micronization on the physicochemical properties of insoluble dietary fiber from citrus (Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka) pomace. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2015; 22:246-55. [PMID: 26130646 DOI: 10.1177/1082013215593394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effect of micronization (mechanical and jet grindings) on the physicochemical properties of the insoluble dietary fiber from citrus pomace in comparison with ordinary grinding. The results showed that micronization treatment effectively pulverized the IDF-CP powders to micron scale and significantly increased the soluble dietary fiber content (p < 0.05). Compared with mechanical grinding, jet grinding was more effective in size reduction and resulted in IDF-CP powders with narrower particle size distributions. Micronized IDF-CP powders had smaller particle size, smoother surface, higher fluidity, cation-exchange capacity, and metal cation binding capacity values, but lower water holding capacity, oil holding capacity, and swelling capacity values. These functional properties were significantly dependent on surface area and particle size (D0.5). The present study suggested that micronization treatments could modify functional properties of IDF-CP powders, which promotes their use in food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayin Ye
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Special Foods, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Bingbing Tao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jia Liu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yan Zou
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Special Foods, Chongqing, PR China
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21
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Zafar MN, Aslam I, Nadeem R, Munir S, Rana UA, Khan SUD. Characterization of chemically modified biosorbents from rice bran for biosorption of Ni(II). J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2014.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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22
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Qiao X, Huang W, Bian Y. Effective removal of cadmium ions from a simulated gastrointestinal fluid by Lentinus edodes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:12486-98. [PMID: 25469921 PMCID: PMC4276626 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph111212486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lentinus edodes, a functional food, was evaluated as a potential antidote for adsorption/removal of cadmium ion from simulated gastrointestinal fluids. An adsorption/removal capacity of 65.12 mg/g was achieved by L. edodes in solutions with a pH ranging from 2.5 to 6.0, while little if any adsorption was observed in solutions with a pH under 2.5. In solutions with pH 6.0, 84% of the cadmium adsorption by L. edodes occurred in the first minute. Scanning electronic microscopic examination showed that the cell wall polysaccharides of L. edodes provided a rough sponge-like surface for effective cadmium adsorption. FTIR indicated that the carboxyl, hydroxyl and –NH groups of the cell wall polysaccharides and proteins were the primary functional groups that chemically bind with cadmium ions. The energy dispersive spectrometry further revealed that cation exchange might be attributed to cadmium biosorption. These results suggested that L. edodes was effective for cadmium detoxication, especially in low concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Wen Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yinbing Bian
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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23
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Sangeethapriya M, Siddhuraju P. Health related functional characteristics and antioxidant potential of mucilage (dietary fiber) from Zizyphus mauritiana fruits. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Alava P, Tack F, Laing GD, Van de Wiele T. Arsenic undergoes significant speciation changes upon incubation of contaminated rice with human colon micro biota. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 262:1237-1244. [PMID: 22652323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular and animal studies involving MMA(III) (monomethyl arsonous acid) and DMA(III) (dimethyl arsinous acid) have indicated that their toxicities meet or exceed that of iAs. Thiolated arsenic metabolites were observed in urine after oral exposure of inorganic arsenic in some studies. For these species, the toxicological profile was not yet fully characterized in human cells. Some studies revealed that trivalent organoarsenic species are well absorbed in the intestine compared to iAs. However, other studies also indicated that a significant amount of rice-bound As reaches the colon, which may be attributed to the fibre-rich nature of the rice. Studies have revealed that microorganisms from the gut environment are important contributors to arsenic speciation changes. We aimed to study how the gut microbial metabolism affects As in different rice matrices. This was done in vitro using colon suspension from the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME system). Significant amounts of MMA(III), DMA(III) and MMMTA(V) were formed due to microbial metabolic processes like methylation and thiolation. These results suggested that presystemic metabolism by human gut micro biota should not be neglected in risk assessment studies. In this context, also toxicity and absorption of thiolated species by mammalian cells should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Alava
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Eco Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
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25
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Farajzadeh MA, Vardast MR. Rice Bran as an Excellent Sorbent for Heavy Metals from Aqueous Media, 1. Optimization of Conditions. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200300036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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26
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Farajzadeh MA, Monji AB. Treated Rice Bran for Scavenging Cr(III) and Hg(II) from Acidic Solution. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200400114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sears ME. Chelation: harnessing and enhancing heavy metal detoxification--a review. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:219840. [PMID: 23690738 PMCID: PMC3654245 DOI: 10.1155/2013/219840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxic metals such as arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury are ubiquitous, have no beneficial role in human homeostasis, and contribute to noncommunicable chronic diseases. While novel drug targets for chronic disease are eagerly sought, potentially helpful agents that aid in detoxification of toxic elements, chelators, have largely been restricted to overt acute poisoning. Chelation, that is multiple coordination bonds between organic molecules and metals, is very common in the body and at the heart of enzymes with a metal cofactor such as copper or zinc. Peptides glutathione and metallothionein chelate both essential and toxic elements as they are sequestered, transported, and excreted. Enhancing natural chelation detoxification pathways, as well as use of pharmaceutical chelators against heavy metals are reviewed. Historical adverse outcomes with chelators, lessons learned in the art of using them, and successes using chelation to ameliorate renal, cardiovascular, and neurological conditions highlight the need for renewed attention to simple, safe, inexpensive interventions that offer potential to stem the tide of debilitating, expensive chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret E Sears
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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28
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Xiong F, Dong Z, Yu X, Zhou L, Wang Z. Spatial distribution of Pb and its correlation at different grain positions among wheat varieties for specific end-uses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/as.2013.49068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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29
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of using hemicellulose from rice bran to scavenge cholesterol and bile acid in vitro study. This paper demonstrates that rice bran hemicellulose A (RBHA), rice bran hemicellulose B (RBHB) and rice bran hemicellulose C (RBHC) have the potential for binding cholesterol and bile acid. The quantity of cholesterol and bile acid bound varies from one rice bran fibre to another. As it can be inferred from the results of the study, RBHB was characterized by the highest capacity for cholesterol binding, followed by RBHC and RBHA. Binding of cholesterol and bile acid to rice bran insoluble dietary fibre (RBDF) and cellulose from rice bran was found to be poor. Lignin from rice bran was the least active fraction for binding cholesterol and bile acid. This confirms that the RBHB preparation from defatted rice bran has great potential in food applications, especially in the development of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Hu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Biotechnology of East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China.
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30
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Inbaraj BS, Chen BH. In vitro removal of toxic heavy metals by poly(γ-glutamic acid)-coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:4419-32. [PMID: 22927758 PMCID: PMC3420602 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s34396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chelation therapy involving organic chelators for treatment of heavy metal intoxication can cause cardiac arrest, kidney overload, mineral deficiency, and anemia. Methods: In this study, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) modified with an edible biopolymer poly(γ-glutamic acid) (PGA) were synthesized by coprecipitation method, characterized and evaluated for their removal efficiency of heavy metals from a metal solution, and simulated gastrointestinal fluid (SGIF). Results: Instrumental characterization of bare- and PGA-SPIONs revealed 7% coating of PGA on SPIONs with a spherical shape and an iron oxide spinel structure belonging to magnetite. The particle sizes as determined from transmission electron microscopy images were 8.5 and 11.7 nm for bare- and PGA-SPIONs, respectively, while the magnetization values were 70.3 and 61.5 emu/g. Upon coating with PGA, the zeta potentials were shifted from positive to negative at most of the environmental pH (3–8) and biological pH (1–8), implying good dispersion in aqueous suspension and favorable conditions for heavy metal removal. Batch studies showed rapid removal of lead and cadmium with the kinetic rates estimated by pseudo-second-order model being 0.212 and 0.424 g/mg·min, respectively. A maximum removal occurred in the pH range 4–8 in deionized water and 5–8 in SGIF corresponding to most gastrointestinal pH except for the stomach. Addition of different ionic strengths (0.001–1 M sodium acetate) and essential metals (Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg, Ca, and K) did not show any marked influence on lead removal by PGA-SPIONs, but significantly reduced the binding of cadmium. Compared to deionized water, the lead removal from SGIF was high at all pH with the Langmuir monolayer removal capacity being 98.70 mg/g for the former and 147.71 mg/g for the latter. However, a lower cadmium removal capacity was shown for SGIF (23.15 mg/g) than for deionized water (31.13 mg/g). Conclusion: These results suggest that PGA-SPIONs could be used as a metal chelator for clinical treatment of metal poisoning.
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Ahmed F, Sairam S, Urooj A. In vitro hypoglycemic effects of selected dietary fiber sources. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2011; 48:285-9. [PMID: 23572748 PMCID: PMC3551159 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-010-0153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/04/2010] [Accepted: 10/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The physiological functions of dietary fiber and its role in health promotion and risk reduction of some chronic diseases has been well documented. In the present investigation, the effect of three dietary fiber sources, oats (OA), barley (BA) and psyllium husk (PH) on glucose adsorption, diffusion and starch hydrolysis were studied using in vitro techniques by simulating gastrointestinal conditions and compared with the commercial dietary fiber sources wheat bran (WB), acarbose (ACB) and guar gum (GG). The glucose binding capacity of all the samples was higher than WB and ACB at 5 mM concentration. In all the samples, the diffusion of glucose was directly proportional to the time and diffusion rate was significantly lower (p ≤ 0.01) in the system containing various samples compared to control. Glucose dialysis retardation index (GDRI) was 100 for OA, BA and PH at 60 min, at 120 min the maximal GDRI was in PH. Whereas; WB and ACB exhibited maximal GDRI at 180 and 240 min. All of these mechanisms might create a concerted function in lowering the rate of glucose absorption and as a result, decrease the postprandial hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiyaz Ahmed
- Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore, 570006 India
| | - Sudha Sairam
- Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore, 570006 India
| | - Asna Urooj
- Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore, 570006 India
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Zhang N, Huang C, Ou S. In vitro binding capacities of three dietary fibers and their mixture for four toxic elements, cholesterol, and bile acid. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 186:236-239. [PMID: 21095057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.10.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble dietary fibers from apple peels and water-insoluble dietary fibers from wheat bran and soybean-seed hull were used to evaluate their binding capacities for four toxic elements (Pb, Hg, Cd, and As), lard, cholesterol, and bile acids. The water-soluble dietary fibers showed a higher binding capacity for three toxic cations, cholesterol, and sodium cholate; and a lower binding capacity for lard, compared to the water-insoluble ones. A mixture of the dietary fibers from all samples - apple peels, wheat bran, and soybean-seed hull - in the ratio 2:4:4 (w/w) significantly increased the binding capacity of water-insoluble dietary fibers for the three toxic cations, cholesterol, and sodium cholate; moreover, the mixture could lower the concentrations of Pb(2+) and Cd(+) in the tested solutions to levels lower than those occurring in rice and vegetables grown in polluted soils. However, all the tested fibers showed a low binding capacity for the toxic anion, AsO(3)(3-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Callegaro MGK, Milbradt BG, Alves E, Diettrich T, Kemerich DM, Hausen BS, Duarte FA, Flores EMM, Dressler VL, Emanuelli T. Effect of wheat bran and flaxseed on cadmium effects and retention in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2010; 30:981-91. [PMID: 20876162 DOI: 10.1177/0960327110384526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dietary fiber can affect cadmium (Cd) absorption and toxicity, but the effect appears to depend on the type of dietary fiber. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of dietary sources containing distinct amounts of soluble and insoluble fiber on Cd absorption, accumulation and toxicity in growing rats. The absorption of essential macrominerals (Ca, P and Mg) was also evaluated. Animals received a nutritionally balanced diet with cellulose (cel - control), wheat bran or flaxseed as the fiber source with 0 or 50 mg Cd kg(-1) diet, during 30 days. Cd exposure reduced body weight gain, feed efficiency ratio, epididymal fat relative weight and liver relative weight, and increased plasma alanine aminotransferase activity in all fiber groups. The apparent Cd absorption was similar among Cd-groups, but the flax-Cd group had a higher hepatic and renal Cd concentration. Cd decreased the absorption of Ca and P, and increased Mg absorption in the wheat bran and flaxseed groups, but not in the cel group. Although the different fiber sources investigated had no effect on Cd toxicity, the major soluble fiber source, flaxseed, increased Cd retention. Thus, caution should be taken in the intake of flaxseed by Cd-exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G K Callegaro
- Graduate Program on Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS Brazil.
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Protective effects of pre-germinated brown rice diet on low levels of Pb-induced learning and memory deficits in developing rat. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 184:484-91. [PMID: 20138853 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a known neurotoxicant in humans and experimental animals. Numerous studies have provided evidence that humans, especially young children, and animals chronically intoxicated with low levels of Pb show learning and memory impairments. Unfortunately, Pb-poisoning cases continue to occur in many countries. Because the current treatment options are very limited, there is a need for alternative methods to attenuate Pb toxicity. In this study, the weaning (postnatal day 21, PND21) rats were randomly divided into five groups: the control group (AIN-93G diet, de-ionized water), the lead acetate (PbAC) group (AIN-93G diet, 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water), the lead acetate+WR group (white rice diet, 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water; PbAC+WR), the lead acetate+BR group (brown rice diet, 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water; PbAC+BR) and the lead acetate+PR group (pre-germinated brown rice diet, 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water; PbAC+PR). The animals received the different diets until PND60, and then the experiments were terminated. The protective effects of pre-germinated brown rice (PR) on Pb-induced learning and memory impairment in weaning rats were assessed by the Morris water maze and one-trial-learning passive avoidance test. The anti-oxidative effects of feeding a PR diet to Pb-exposed rats were evaluated. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined by flow cytometry. The levels of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate were determined by HPLC. Our data showed that feeding a PR diet decreased the accumulation of lead and decreased Pb-induced learning and memory deficits in developing rats. The mechanisms might be related to the anti-oxidative effects and large amount of GABA in PR. Our study provides a regimen to reduce Pb-induced toxicity, especially future learning and memory deficits in the developing brain.
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Ahmed F, Urooj A. In vitro studies on the hypoglycemic potential of Ficus racemosa stem bark. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2010; 90:397-401. [PMID: 20355059 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.3828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medicinal plants have been reported to play an important role in modulating glycemic responses and have preventive and therapeutic implications. Several mechanisms have been proposed for the antidiabetic effect of medicinal plants such as inhibition of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, manipulation of glucose transporters, beta-cell regeneration and enhancing insulin-releasing activity. The present investigation evaluated the possible mechanism of action through which Ficus racemosa stem bark (Moraceae) exerts its hypoglycemic effect using suitable in vitro techniques. RESULTS Ficus racemosa bark (FRB) exhibited significantly higher (P < or = 0.01) glucose-binding capacity than wheat bran (WB) and acarbose (ACB) consequently showed significantly higher (P < or = 0.01) retardation of glucose diffusion compared to WB and ACB. In case of amylolysis kinetics the liberation of glucose was greatly inhibited by FRB, as reflected by a significantly lower (P < or = 0.01) glucose diffusion rate in the system containing FRB compared to the control and acarbose. Furthermore, FRB significantly increased (P < or = 0.01) the rate of glucose transport across the yeast cell membrane and also in isolated rat hemi-diaphragm. CONCLUSION The findings indicate F. racemosa bark to possess strong hypoglycemic effect and hence can be utilized as an adjunct in the management of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiyaz Ahmed
- Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore 570 006, India. fayaz
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Callegaro MGK, Milbradt BG, Diettrich T, Alves E, Duarte FA, Flores EMM, Dressler VL, Silva LP, Emanuelli T. Influence of cereal bran supplement on cadmium effects in growing rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2009; 29:467-76. [PMID: 20019094 DOI: 10.1177/0960327109357777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Strategies to diminish cadmium (Cd) absorption are highly desirable especially where Cd exposure due to environmental contamination is still inevitable. Cd toxicity may be influenced by dietary components, such as fiber and minerals. Multimixtures are low-cost cereal bran supplements used in Brazil and in other countries to counteract malnutrition in low-income populations. This study was aimed at evaluating whether multimixture would reduce Cd effects in young rats. Animals received a diet with or without the multimixture plus 0, 5, or 25 mg Cd/kg (control, Cd-5, and Cd-25 groups) during 30 days. The Cd-5 groups were similar to control groups in all parameters analyzed, except in the higher renal Cd concentration. However, the Cd-25 groups had lower biological growth parameters and renal delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity, besides higher renal Cd concentration and plasma alanine aminotransferase activity compared to the controls. The multimixture did not prevent Cd effects in the Cd-25 group, but caused a small reduction in renal Cd concentration in the Cd-5 group. Although this multimixture was ineffective to prevent Cd effects at the higher concentration, it seemed to reduce Cd accumulation at the lower Cd dietary concentration, which is similar to levels of human exposure in some polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G K Callegaro
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Siao FY, Lu JF, Wang JS, Inbaraj BS, Chen BH. In vitro binding of heavy metals by an edible biopolymer poly(gamma-glutamic acid). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:777-784. [PMID: 19128012 DOI: 10.1021/jf803006r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An edible biopolymer poly(gamma-glutamic acid) (gamma-PGA) was evaluated for possible use as an chelating/binding agent in the treatment of metal intoxication in humans. In vitro binding of the toxic heavy metals lead and cadmium as affected by pH, contact time, metal concentration, gamma-PGA dose, and essential metals was carried out in a batch mode. A maximum binding occurred in the pH range 5-7, corresponding to the gastrointestinal pH values except for the stomach. Binding isotherms at pH 5.5 were well described by the heterogeneous models (Freundlich and Toth), while the lead isotherm at pH 2.5 showed a S-type curve, which was fitted as multiple curves with the Langmuir model and a shifted-squared Langmuir model. However, no adsorption occurred for cadmium at pH 2.5. The maximum binding capacities of lead and cadmium at pH 5.5 were 213.58 and 41.85 mg/g, respectively. A curvilinear biphasic Scatchard plot signified a multisite interaction of metals. Binding was extremely rapid with 70-100% of total adsorption being attained in 2 min. Kinetics at low and high metal concentrations obeyed pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, respectively. The gamma-PGA dose-activity relationship revealed a low dose of gamma-PGA to be more efficient in binding a large amount of metals. Incorporation of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mg, Ca, and K showed only a minor influence on lead binding but significantly reduced the binding of cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Y Siao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan
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Shim SM, Ferruzzi MG, Kim YC, Janle EM, Santerre CR. Impact of phytochemical-rich foods on bioaccessibility of mercury from fish. Food Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zafar MN, Nadeem R, Hanif MA. Biosorption of nickel from protonated rice bran. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2007; 143:478-85. [PMID: 17049420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2006] [Revised: 09/18/2006] [Accepted: 09/19/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study biosorption technique, the accumulation of metals by biomass was used for the removal of nickel from aqueous medium. The rice bran in its acid treated (H(3)PO(4)) form was used as a low cost sorbent. The adsorption characteristics of nickel on protonated rice bran were evaluated as a function of pH, biosorbent size, biosorbent dosage, initial concentration of nickel and time. Within the tested pH range (pH 1-7), the protonated rice bran displayed more resistance to pH variation, retaining up to 102 mg/g of the nickel binding capacity at pH 6. Meanwhile, at lower pH values the uptake capacity decreased. The % age removal of nickel was maximum at 0.25 g of biosorbent dose and 0.25 mm biosorbent size. At the optimal conditions, metal ion uptake was increased as the initial metal ion concentration increased up to 100mg/L. Kinetic and isotherm experiments were carried out at the optimal pH 6.0 for nickel. The metal removal rate was rapid, with 57% of the total adsorption taking place within 15-30 min. The Freundlich and Langmuir models were used to describe the uptake of nickel on protonated rice bran. The Langmuir and Freundlich model parameters were evaluated. The equilibrium adsorption data was better fitted to Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The adsorption followed pseudo second-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic assessment of the metal ion-rice bran biomass system indicated the feasibility and spontaneous nature of the process and DeltaG degrees values were evaluated as ranging from -22.82 to -24.04 kJ/mol for nickel sorption. The order of magnitude of the DeltaG degrees values indicated an ion-exchange physiochemical sorption process.
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Rooney JPK. The role of thiols, dithiols, nutritional factors and interacting ligands in the toxicology of mercury. Toxicology 2007; 234:145-56. [PMID: 17408840 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2007.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2007] [Revised: 02/25/2007] [Accepted: 02/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mercury has been a known as a toxic substance for centuries. Whilst the clinical features of acute mercury poisoning have been well described, chronic low dose exposure to mercury remains poorly characterised and its potential role in various chronic disease states remains controversial. Low molecular weight thiols, i.e. sulfhydryl containing molecules such as cysteine, are emerging as important factors in the transport and distribution of mercury throughout the body due to the phenomenon of "Molecular Mimicry" and its role in the molecular transport of mercury. Chelation agents such as the dithiols sodium 2,3-dimercaptopropanesulfate (DMPS) and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) are the treatments of choice for mercury toxicity. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a disulfide, and its metabolite dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA), a dithiol, have also been shown to have chelation properties when used in an appropriate manner. Whilst N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and glutathione (GSH) have been recommended in the treatment of mercury toxicity in the past, an examination of available evidence suggests these agents may in fact be counterproductive. Zinc and selenium have also been shown to exert protective effects against mercury toxicity, most likely mediated by induction of the metal binding proteins metallothionein and selenoprotein-P. Evidence suggests however that the co-administration of selenium and dithiol chelation agents during treatment may also be counter-productive. Finally, the issue of diagnostic testing for chronic, historical or low dose mercury poisoning is considered including an analysis of the influence of ligand interactions and nutritional factors upon the accuracy of "chelation challenge" tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P K Rooney
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Li X, Pérez-Hernández J, Haque SA, Durrant JR, Palomares E. Functionalized titania nanoparticles for mercury scavenging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b617280f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Tahiri M, Tressol JC, Doco T, Rayssiguier Y, Coudray C. Chronic oral administration of rhamnogalacturonan-II dimer, a pectic polysaccharide, failed to accelerate body lead detoxification after chronic lead exposure in rats. Br J Nutr 2002; 87:47-54. [PMID: 11895313 DOI: 10.1079/bjn2001476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Lead is a ubiquitous heavy metal and its toxicity remains an important public health issue. In previous work, we reported that ingestion of rhamnogalacturonan-II dimer (dRGII), a pectic polysaccharide, may decrease intestinal absorption and status of Pb in rats. Here, we evaluated the potential detoxifying effect of different doses of dRGII after chronic oral Pb exposure in rats. For this purpose, six groups of ten male Wistar rats weighing 150g were treated as follows: group A received a semi-purified control diet for 6 weeks; groups B, C, D, E and F received the same diet plus 3 mg Pb (as acetate) for 3 weeks. Group B was then killed. Groups C, D, E, and F continued to receive the semi-purified control diet containing 0, 2, 6 or 18g dRGII/kg diet for 3 additional weeks. During the last 5 d, a Pb conventional balance study was performed. Rats were then anaesthetized and tissues were sampled for Pb and essential minerals assay. The results showed that residual Pb in the added dRGII was not available for absorption. However, the added dRGII failed to induce any significant increase in faecal or urinary Pb excretion. Consequently, at the end of the study the intestinal Pb absorption and balance remained unchanged in the animals receiving the different doses of dRGII. In line with this, we showed that dRGII administration was not effective in decreasing tibia or kidney Pb levels in rats. In conclusion, Pb complexed by dRGII in fruits and vegetables and fruit juice is thus mostly unavailable for intestinal absorption. However, the addition of dRGII after chronic Pb exposure does not help Pb detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Tahiri
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne CRNH, Unité Maladies Metaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA, Saint Genès Champanelle, France
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TAKEYAMA E, FUKUSHIMA M, TANIMURA A. Aluminium Binding Amount of Dietary Fiber Extracted from 14 Kinds of Food. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2002. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.8.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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