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Pätsi HT, Kilpeläinen TP, Jumppanen M, Uhari-Väänänen J, Wielendaele PV, De Lorenzo F, Cui H, Auno S, Saharinen J, Seppälä E, Sipari N, Savinainen J, De Meester I, Lambeir AM, Lahtela-Kakkonen M, Myöhänen TT, Wallén EAA. 5-Aminothiazoles Reveal a New Ligand-Binding Site on Prolyl Oligopeptidase Which is Important for Modulation of Its Protein-Protein Interaction-Derived Functions. J Med Chem 2024; 67:5421-5436. [PMID: 38546708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
A series of novel 5-aminothiazole-based ligands for prolyl oligopeptidase (PREP) comprise selective, potent modulators of the protein-protein interaction (PPI)-mediated functions of PREP, although they are only weak inhibitors of the proteolytic activity of PREP. The disconnected structure-activity relationships are significantly more pronounced for the 5-aminothiazole-based ligands than for the earlier published 5-aminooxazole-based ligands. Furthermore, the stability of the 5-aminothiazole scaffold allowed exploration of wider substitution patterns than that was possible with the 5-aminooxazole scaffold. The intriguing structure-activity relationships for the modulation of the proteolytic activity and PPI-derived functions of PREP were elaborated by presenting a new binding site for PPI modulating PREP ligands, which was initially discovered using molecular modeling and later confirmed through point mutation studies. Our results suggest that this new binding site on PREP is clearly more important than the active site of PREP for the modulation of its PPI-mediated functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri T Pätsi
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tommi P Kilpeläinen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikael Jumppanen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Uhari-Väänänen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pieter Van Wielendaele
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Francesca De Lorenzo
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hengjing Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Samuli Auno
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janne Saharinen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erin Seppälä
- School of Medicine/Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 8, Kuopio 70211, Finland
| | - Nina Sipari
- Viikki Metabolomics Unit, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Savinainen
- School of Medicine/Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 8, Kuopio 70211, Finland
| | - Ingrid De Meester
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Anne-Marie Lambeir
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Maija Lahtela-Kakkonen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo T Myöhänen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 63, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erik A A Wallén
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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The effect of prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitors on alpha-synuclein aggregation and autophagy cannot be predicted by their inhibitory efficacy. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Lanigan RM, Starkov P, Sheppard TD. Direct synthesis of amides from carboxylic acids and amines using B(OCH2CF3)3. J Org Chem 2013; 78:4512-23. [PMID: 23586467 PMCID: PMC3671500 DOI: 10.1021/jo400509n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
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B(OCH2CF3)3, prepared from readily
available B2O3 and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, is
as an effective reagent for the direct amidation of a variety of carboxylic
acids with a broad range of amines. In most cases, the amide products
can be purified by a simple filtration procedure using commercially
available resins, with no need for aqueous workup or chromatography.
The amidation of N-protected amino acids with both
primary and secondary amines proceeds effectively, with very low levels
of racemization. B(OCH2CF3)3 can
also be used for the formylation of a range of amines in good to excellent
yield, via transamidation of dimethylformamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Lanigan
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon St, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
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López A, Tarragó T, Giralt E. Low molecular weight inhibitors of Prolyl Oligopeptidase: a review of compounds patented from 2003 to 2010. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2011; 21:1023-44. [PMID: 21539473 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2011.577416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prolyl Oligopeptidase (POP) is a serine peptidase that cleaves post-proline bonds in short peptides. Besides the direct hydrolytic regulation function over peptides, neuropeptides and peptide hormones, POP is probably involved in the regulation of the inositol pathway and participates in protein-protein interactions. Experimental data show that POP inhibitors have neuroprotective, anti-amnesic and cognition-enhancing properties. These compounds are considered therapeutic agents of interest for the treatment of cognitive deficits related to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Recent findings pointed to the involvement of POP in angiogenesis, although the exact mechanism is still under study. AREAS COVERED This review comprises patents and patent applications involving POP inhibitors patented between 2003 and 2010, classified as peptidomimetics, heteroaryl ketones and alkaloids. The binding processes and the mechanisms of inhibition of these inhibitors are also discussed, together with their in vivo effects. EXPERT OPINION The major part of the repertory of POP inhibitors derived from systematical modification of the canonical compound benzyloxycarbonyl-prolyl-prolinal (ZPP). Nevertheless, only two of them have progressed into the clinical trials. One possible reason for this failure is the lack of studies concerning pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and toxicity, together with the absence of suitable animal models. Moreover, POP is still not a well-defined therapeutic target. Further studies are required for the elucidation of the biological role of POP and to validate the therapeutic action of inhibitors in cognitive processes. In contrast, the involvement of POP in protein-protein interactions together with the recent evidences in angiogenesis opens alternative approaches to the traditional active site-directed inhibitors, as well as new therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham López
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain
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Lawandi J, Gerber-Lemaire S, Juillerat-Jeanneret L, Moitessier N. Inhibitors of prolyl oligopeptidases for the therapy of human diseases: defining diseases and inhibitors. J Med Chem 2010; 53:3423-38. [PMID: 20058865 DOI: 10.1021/jm901104g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janice Lawandi
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2K6, Canada
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Djekic UV, Gaggar A, Weathington NM. Attacking the multi-tiered proteolytic pathology of COPD: new insights from basic and translational studies. Pharmacol Ther 2009; 121:132-46. [PMID: 19026684 PMCID: PMC4465592 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2008] [Accepted: 09/18/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protease activity in inflammation is complex. Proteases released by cells in response to infection, cytokines, or environmental triggers like cigarette smoking cause breakdown of the extracellular matrix (ECM). In chronic inflammatory diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), current findings indicate that pathology and morbidity are driven by dysregulation of protease activity, either through hyperactivity of proteases or deficiency or dysfunction their antiprotease regulators. Animal studies demonstrate the accuracy of this hypothesis through genetic and pharmacologic tools. New work shows that ECM destruction generates peptide fragments active on leukocytes via neutrophil or macrophage chemotaxis towards collagen and elastin derived peptides respectively. Such fragments now have been isolated and characterized in vivo in each case. Collectively, this describes a biochemical circuit in which protease activity leads to activation of local immunocytes, which in turn release cytokines and more proteases, leading to further leukocyte infiltration and cyclical disease progression that is chronic. This circuit concept is well known, and is intrinsic to the protease-antiprotease hypothesis; recently analytic techniques have become sensitive enough to establish fundamental mechanisms of this hypothesis, and basic and clinical data now implicate protease activity and peptide signaling as pathologically significant pharmacologic targets. This review discusses targeting protease activity for chronic inflammatory disease with special attention to COPD, covering important basic and clinical findings in the field; novel therapeutic strategies in animal or human studies; and a perspective on the successes and failures of agents with a focus on clinical potential in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uros V Djekic
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Physiology and Biophysics
| | - Amit Gaggar
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Physiology and Biophysics
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
| | - Nathaniel M Weathington
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Physiology and Biophysics
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine Residency Program
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Kánai K, Arányi P, Böcskei Z, Ferenczy G, Harmat V, Simon K, Bátori S, Náray-Szabó G, Hermecz I. Prolyl Oligopeptidase Inhibition by N-Acyl-pro-pyrrolidine-type Molecules. J Med Chem 2008; 51:7514-22. [DOI: 10.1021/jm800944x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Károly Kánai
- CHINOIN, Ltd, H-1045 Budapest, Tó u. 1-5, Hungary, Protein Modeling Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter u. 1a, Hungary, and Co-operation Research Center for Molecular Design, Semmelweis University, H-1062 Budapest, Rippl-Rónai u. 37, Hungary
| | - Péter Arányi
- CHINOIN, Ltd, H-1045 Budapest, Tó u. 1-5, Hungary, Protein Modeling Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter u. 1a, Hungary, and Co-operation Research Center for Molecular Design, Semmelweis University, H-1062 Budapest, Rippl-Rónai u. 37, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Böcskei
- CHINOIN, Ltd, H-1045 Budapest, Tó u. 1-5, Hungary, Protein Modeling Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter u. 1a, Hungary, and Co-operation Research Center for Molecular Design, Semmelweis University, H-1062 Budapest, Rippl-Rónai u. 37, Hungary
| | - György Ferenczy
- CHINOIN, Ltd, H-1045 Budapest, Tó u. 1-5, Hungary, Protein Modeling Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter u. 1a, Hungary, and Co-operation Research Center for Molecular Design, Semmelweis University, H-1062 Budapest, Rippl-Rónai u. 37, Hungary
| | - Veronika Harmat
- CHINOIN, Ltd, H-1045 Budapest, Tó u. 1-5, Hungary, Protein Modeling Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter u. 1a, Hungary, and Co-operation Research Center for Molecular Design, Semmelweis University, H-1062 Budapest, Rippl-Rónai u. 37, Hungary
| | - Kálmán Simon
- CHINOIN, Ltd, H-1045 Budapest, Tó u. 1-5, Hungary, Protein Modeling Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter u. 1a, Hungary, and Co-operation Research Center for Molecular Design, Semmelweis University, H-1062 Budapest, Rippl-Rónai u. 37, Hungary
| | - Sándor Bátori
- CHINOIN, Ltd, H-1045 Budapest, Tó u. 1-5, Hungary, Protein Modeling Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter u. 1a, Hungary, and Co-operation Research Center for Molecular Design, Semmelweis University, H-1062 Budapest, Rippl-Rónai u. 37, Hungary
| | - Gábor Náray-Szabó
- CHINOIN, Ltd, H-1045 Budapest, Tó u. 1-5, Hungary, Protein Modeling Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter u. 1a, Hungary, and Co-operation Research Center for Molecular Design, Semmelweis University, H-1062 Budapest, Rippl-Rónai u. 37, Hungary
| | - István Hermecz
- CHINOIN, Ltd, H-1045 Budapest, Tó u. 1-5, Hungary, Protein Modeling Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter u. 1a, Hungary, and Co-operation Research Center for Molecular Design, Semmelweis University, H-1062 Budapest, Rippl-Rónai u. 37, Hungary
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Moreno-Baylach MJ, Felipo V, Männistö PT, García-Horsman JA. Expression and traffic of cellular prolyl oligopeptidase are regulated during cerebellar granule cell differentiation, maturation, and aging. Neuroscience 2008; 156:580-5. [PMID: 18718510 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.06.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2008] [Revised: 06/19/2008] [Accepted: 06/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) is an endopeptidase which cleaves short proline-containing neuropeptides, and it is involved in memory and learning. POP also has an intercellular function mediated through the inositol pathway, and has been involved in cell death. POP has been early considered as a housekeeping enzyme, but the recent research indicates that POP expression is regulated across tissues and intracellularly. In the brain, POP is exclusively expressed in neurons and most abundantly in pyramidal neurons of cerebral cortex, in the CA1 field neurons of hippocampus and in cerebellar Purkinje's cells. Intracellularly, POP is mainly present in the cytoplasm and some in intracellular membranes, like rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. In this paper, we systematically studied the levels of expression of POP along the life of cerebellar granule cells (CGC) in culture and the distribution of POP within different intracellular compartments. We used the tight-binding inhibitor JTP-4819 covalently coupled with fluorescein (FJTP) as a tool to study the changes on expression and localization of POP protein. Our results indicate that POP activity levels are regulated during the life of the neurons. POP was found mainly in cytoplasm and neuronal projections, but at an early developmental phase significant amounts were found also in nuclei. Along the life of the neurons, POP activity fluctuated in 7-day cycles. In young neurons, the cytosolic POP activity was low but increased by maturation so that the activity peak coincided with full differentiation. Over aging, cytoplasmic POP was concentrated around nucleus, but the activity decreased with time. POP was also present in vesicles across the neuron. No major changes were seen in the nuclear or membrane bound POP over aging until activity disappeared upon neuronal death. This is the first time when POP was found in the nuclei of human neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Moreno-Baylach
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Av. Del Saler 16, 46013 Valencia, Spain
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Hurenkamp JH, de Jong JJD, Browne WR, van Esch JH, Feringa BL. Tuning energy transfer in switchable donor–acceptor systems. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:1268-77. [DOI: 10.1039/b719095f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hurenkamp JH, Browne WR, Augulis R, Pugzlys A, van Loosdrecht PHM, van Esch JH, Feringa BL. Intramolecular energy transfer in a tetra-coumarin perylene system: influence of solvent and bridging unit on electronic properties. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:3354-62. [PMID: 17912390 DOI: 10.1039/b711681k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterisation of a novel coumarin donor-perylene bisimide acceptor light-harvesting system is reported, in which an energy-transfer efficiency of >99% is achieved. Comparison of the excited-state properties of the donor-acceptor system with model compounds revealed that although the photophysical properties of the perylene bisimide acceptor unit are affected considerably by the nature of the substituent at the imide positions and the solvent employed, through-bond interaction between the donor and acceptor units is negligible. Energy transfer in the present system can be described as occurring via a through-space energy-transfer mechanism. Careful consideration of the redox properties of the donor relative to the acceptor units allows for avoidance of potentially deleterious excited-state electron-transfer processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes H Hurenkamp
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Tarragó T, Sabidó E, Kogan MJ, de Oliveira E, Giralt E. Primary structure, recombinant expression and homology modelling of human brain prolyl oligopeptidase, an important therapeutic target in the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases. J Pept Sci 2005; 11:283-7. [PMID: 15838896 DOI: 10.1002/psc.676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Tarragó
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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