1
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Trilling CR, Weng JH, Sharma PK, Nolte V, Wu J, Ma W, Boassa D, Taylor SS, Herberg FW. RedOx regulation of LRRK2 kinase activity by active site cysteines. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:75. [PMID: 38570484 PMCID: PMC10991482 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00683-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations of the human leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) have been associated with both, idiopathic and familial Parkinson's disease (PD). Most of these pathogenic mutations are located in the kinase domain (KD) or GTPase domain of LRRK2. In this study we describe a mechanism in which protein kinase activity can be modulated by reversible oxidation or reduction, involving a unique pair of adjacent cysteines, the "CC" motif. Among all human protein kinases, only LRRK2 contains this "CC" motif (C2024 and C2025) in the Activation Segment (AS) of the kinase domain. In an approach combining site-directed mutagenesis, biochemical analyses, cell-based assays, and Gaussian accelerated Molecular Dynamics (GaMD) simulations we could attribute a role for each of those cysteines. We employed reducing and oxidizing agents with potential clinical relevance to investigate effects on kinase activity and microtubule docking. We find that each cysteine gives a distinct contribution: the first cysteine, C2024, is essential for LRRK2 protein kinase activity, while the adjacent cysteine, C2025, contributes significantly to redox sensitivity. Implementing thiolates (R-S-) in GaMD simulations allowed us to analyse how each of the cysteines in the "CC" motif interacts with its surrounding residues depending on its oxidation state. From our studies we conclude that oxidizing agents can downregulate kinase activity of hyperactive LRRK2 PD mutations and may provide promising tools for therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jui-Hung Weng
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Viktoria Nolte
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Wen Ma
- Department of Physics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Daniela Boassa
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Susan S Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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2
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Kinetic Study on the Reactivity of Azanone (HNO) toward Cyclic C-Nucleophiles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312982. [PMID: 34884784 PMCID: PMC8657990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Azanone (HNO) is an elusive electrophilic reactive nitrogen species of growing pharmacological and biological significance. Here, we present a comparative kinetic study of HNO reactivity toward selected cyclic C-nucleophiles under aqueous conditions at pH 7.4. We applied the competition kinetics method, which is based on the use of a fluorescein-derived boronate probe FlBA and two parallel HNO reactions: with the studied scavenger or with O2 (k = 1.8 × 104 M−1s−1). We determined the second-order rate constants of HNO reactions with 13 structurally diverse C-nucleophiles (k = 33–20,000 M−1s−1). The results show that the reactivity of HNO toward C-nucleophiles depends strongly on the structure of the scavenger. The data are supported with quantum mechanical calculations. A comprehensive discussion of the HNO reaction with C-nucleophiles is provided.
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Muniz Carvalho E, Silva Sousa EH, Bernardes‐Génisson V, Gonzaga de França Lopes L. When NO
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Is not Enough: Chemical Systems, Advances and Challenges in the Development of NO
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and HNO Donors for Old and Current Medical Issues. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edinilton Muniz Carvalho
- Bioinorganic Group Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Center of Sciences Federal University of Ceará Pici Campus Fortaleza 60455-760 Brazil
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination LCC UPR 8241 205 Route de Narbonne, 44099 31077 Toulouse, Cedex 4 France
- Université de Toulouse Université Paul Sabatier UPS 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse, Cedex 9 France
| | - Eduardo Henrique Silva Sousa
- Bioinorganic Group Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Center of Sciences Federal University of Ceará Pici Campus Fortaleza 60455-760 Brazil
| | - Vania Bernardes‐Génisson
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination LCC UPR 8241 205 Route de Narbonne, 44099 31077 Toulouse, Cedex 4 France
- Université de Toulouse Université Paul Sabatier UPS 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse, Cedex 9 France
| | - Luiz Gonzaga de França Lopes
- Bioinorganic Group Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Center of Sciences Federal University of Ceará Pici Campus Fortaleza 60455-760 Brazil
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4
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Zhang D, Krause BM, Schmalz HG, Wohlfart P, Yard BA, Schubert R. ET-CORM Mediated Vasorelaxation of Small Mesenteric Arteries: Involvement of Kv7 Potassium Channels. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:702392. [PMID: 34552483 PMCID: PMC8451721 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.702392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the vasoactive properties of carbon monoxide (CO) have been extensively studied, the mechanism by which CO mediates vasodilation is not completely understood. Through-out published studies on CO mediated vasodilation there is inconsistency on the type of K+-channels that are activated by CO releasing molecules (CORMs). Since the vasorelaxation properties of enzyme triggered CORMs (ET-CORMs) have not been studied thus far, we first assessed if ET-CORMs can mediate vasodilation of small mesenteric arteries and subsequently addressed the role of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and that of K-channels herein. To this end, 3 different types of ET-CORMs that either contain acetate (rac-1 and rac-4) or pivalate (rac-8) as ester functionality, were tested ex vivo on methoxamine pre-contracted small rat mesenteric arteries in a myograph setting. Pre-contracted mesenteric arteries strongly dilated upon treatment with both types of acetate containing ET-CORMs (rac-1 and rac-4), while treatment with the pivalate containing ET-CORM (rac-8) resulted in no vasodilation. Pre-treatment of mesenteric arteries with the sGC inhibitor ODQ abolished rac-4 mediated vasodilation, similar as for the known sGC activator SNP. Likewise, rac-4 mediated vasodilation did not occur in KCL pretreated mesenteric arteries. Although mesenteric arteries abundantly expressed a variety of K+-channels only Kv7 channels were found to be of functional relevance for rac-4 mediated vasodilation. In conclusion the current results identified Kv7 channels as the main channel by which rac-4 mediates vasodilation. In keeping with the central role of Kv7 in the control of vascular tone and peripheral resistance these promising ex-vivo data warrant further in vivo studies, particularly in models of primary hypertension or cardiac diseases, to assess the potential use of ET-CORMs in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Fifth Medical Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Nephrology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | | | | | - Paulus Wohlfart
- Diabetes Research, Sanofi Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Benito A Yard
- Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Fifth Medical Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,European Center of Angioscience (ECAS), Research Division Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rudolf Schubert
- European Center of Angioscience (ECAS), Research Division Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Frankfurt, Germany.,Physiology, Institute of Theoretical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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5
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Galbiati A, Zana A, Conti P. Covalent inhibitors of GAPDH: From unspecific warheads to selective compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 207:112740. [PMID: 32898762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Targeting glycolysis is an attractive approach for the treatment of a wide range of pathologies, such as various tumors and parasitic infections. Due to its pivotal role in the glycolysis, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) represents a rate-limiting enzyme in those cells that mostly, or exclusively rely on this pathway for energy production. In this context, GAPDH inhibition can be a valuable approach for the development of anticancer and antiparasitic drugs. In addition to its glycolytic role, GAPDH possesses several moonlight functions, whose deregulation is involved in some pathological conditions. Covalent modification on different amino acids of GAPDH, in particular on cysteine residues, can lead to a modulation of the enzyme activity. The selectivity towards specific cysteine residues is essential to achieve a specific phenotypic effect. In this work we report an extensive overview of the latest advances on the numerous compounds able to inhibit GAPDH through the covalent binding to cysteine residues, ranging from endogenous metabolites and xenobiotics, which may serve as pharmacological tools to actual drug-like compounds with promising therapeutic perspectives. Furthermore, we focused on the potentialities of the different warheads, shedding light on the possibility to exploit a combination of a finely tuned electrophilic group with a well-designed recognition moiety. These findings can provide useful information for the rational design of novel covalent inhibitors of GAPDH, with the final goal to expand the current treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Galbiati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Aureliano Zana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Conti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milano, Italy
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6
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Diering S, Stathopoulou K, Goetz M, Rathjens L, Harder S, Piasecki A, Raabe J, Schulz S, Brandt M, Pflaumenbaum J, Fuchs U, Donzelli S, Sadayappan S, Nikolaev VO, Flenner F, Ehler E, Cuello F. Receptor-independent modulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase and protein phosphatase signaling in cardiac myocytes by oxidizing agents. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:15342-15365. [PMID: 32868295 PMCID: PMC7650233 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The contraction and relaxation of the heart is controlled by stimulation of the β1-adrenoreceptor (AR) signaling cascade, which leads to activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and subsequent cardiac protein phosphorylation. Phosphorylation is counteracted by the main cardiac protein phosphatases, PP2A and PP1. Both kinase and phosphatases are sensitive to intramolecular disulfide formation in their catalytic subunits that inhibits their activity. Additionally, intermolecular disulfide formation between PKA type I regulatory subunits (PKA-RI) has been described to enhance PKA's affinity for protein kinase A anchoring proteins, which alters its subcellular distribution. Nitroxyl donors have been shown to affect contractility and relaxation, but the mechanistic basis for this effect is unclear. The present study investigates the impact of several nitroxyl donors and the thiol-oxidizing agent diamide on cardiac myocyte protein phosphorylation and oxidation. Although all tested compounds equally induced intermolecular disulfide formation in PKA-RI, only 1-nitrosocyclohexalycetate (NCA) and diamide induced reproducible protein phosphorylation. Phosphorylation occurred independently of β1-AR activation, but was abolished after pharmacological PKA inhibition and thus potentially attributable to increased PKA activity. NCA treatment of cardiac myocytes induced translocation of PKA and phosphatases to the myofilament compartment as shown by fractionation, immunofluorescence, and proximity ligation assays. Assessment of kinase and phosphatase activity within the myofilament fraction of cardiac myocytes after exposure to NCA revealed activation of PKA and inhibition of phosphatase activity thus explaining the increase in phosphorylation. The data suggest that the NCA-mediated effect on cardiac myocyte protein phosphorylation orchestrates alterations in the kinase/phosphatase balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Diering
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Konstantina Stathopoulou
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mara Goetz
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laura Rathjens
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sönke Harder
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsmedizin, Massenspektrometrische Proteomanalytik, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Angelika Piasecki
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Janice Raabe
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Steven Schulz
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mona Brandt
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Pflaumenbaum
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Fuchs
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonia Donzelli
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- University of Cincinnati Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, Cardiovascular Center, Cincinnati, Ohio USA
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frederik Flenner
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Ehler
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics (School of Basic and Medical Biosciences) and School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Research Excellence Center, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Friederike Cuello
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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7
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Sun HJ, Wu ZY, Cao L, Zhu MY, Nie XW, Huang DJ, Sun MT, Bian JS. Role of nitroxyl (HNO) in cardiovascular system: From biochemistry to pharmacology. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104961. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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Cardiovascular Therapeutic Potential of the Redox Siblings, Nitric Oxide (NO•) and Nitroxyl (HNO), in the Setting of Reactive Oxygen Species Dysregulation. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2020; 264:311-337. [PMID: 32813078 DOI: 10.1007/164_2020_389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) dysregulation is a hallmark of cardiovascular disease, characterised by an imbalance in the synthesis and removal of ROS. ROS such as superoxide (•O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl (OH•) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) have a marked impact on cardiovascular function, contributing to the vascular impairment and cardiac dysfunction associated with diseases such as angina, hypertension, diabetes and heart failure. Central to the vascular dysfunction is a reduction in bioavailability and/or physiological effects of vasoprotective nitric oxide (NO•), leading to vasoconstriction, inflammation and vascular remodelling. In a cardiac context, increased ROS generation can also lead to modification of key proteins involved in cardiac contractility. Whilst playing a key role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, ROS dysregulation also limits the clinical efficacy of current therapies, such as nitrosovasodilators. As such, alternate therapies are sought. This review will discuss the impact of ROS dysregulation on the therapeutic utility of NO• and its redox sibling, nitroxyl (HNO). Both nitric oxide (NO) and nitroxyl (HNO) donors signal through soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC). NO binds to the Fe(II) form of sGC and nitroxyl possibly to both sGC heme and thiol groups. In the vasculature, nitroxyl can also signal through voltage-dependent (Kv) and ATP-sensitive (KATP) K+ channels as well as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). In the heart, HNO directly targets critical thiols to increase myocardial contractility, an effect not seen with NO. The qualitative effects via elevation of cGMP are similar, i.e. lusitropic in the heart and inhibitory on vasoconstriction, inflammation, aggregation and vascular remodelling. Of pathophysiological significance is the fact the efficacy of NO donors is impaired by ROS, e.g. through chemical scavenging of NO, to generate reactive nitrogen oxide species (RNOS), whilst nitroxyl is apparently not.
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9
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Sun HJ, Lee WT, Leng B, Wu ZY, Yang Y, Bian JS. Nitroxyl as a Potential Theranostic in the Cancer Arena. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:331-349. [PMID: 31617376 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: As one-electron reduced molecule of nitric oxide (NO), nitroxyl (HNO) has gained enormous attention because of its novel physiological or pharmacological properties, ranging from cardiovascular protective actions to antitumoricidal effects. Recent Advances: HNO is emerging as a new entity with therapeutic advantages over its redox sibling, NO. The interests in the chemical, pharmacological, and biological characteristics of HNO have broadened our current understanding of its role in physiology and pathophysiology. Critical Issues: In particular, the experimental evidence suggests the therapeutic potential of HNO in tumor pharmacology, such as neuroblastoma, gastrointestinal tumor, ovarian, lung, and breast cancers. Indeed, HNO donors have been demonstrated to attenuate tumor proliferation and angiogenesis. Future Directions: In this review, the generation and detection of HNO are outlined, and the roles of HNO in cancer progression are further discussed. We anticipate that the completion of this review might give novel insights into the roles of HNO in cancer pharmacology and open up a novel field of cancer therapy based on HNO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jian Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei-Thye Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bin Leng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, China
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10
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Carvalho EM, Rechignat L, Sousa EHSD, Lopes LGDF, Chauvin R, Bernardes-Génisson V. Mechanistic insights into the in vitro metal-promoted oxidation of (di)azine hydroxamic acids: evidence of HNO release and N, O-di(di)azinoyl hydroxylamine intermediate. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00753f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
HNO is released through a one-electron oxidation of the hydroxamic acid along with the N,O-di(di)azinoylhydroxylamine intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lionel Rechignat
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination
- LCC
- UPR 8241
- F-31077 Toulouse
- France
| | | | - Luiz Gonzaga de França Lopes
- Laboratório de Bioinorgânica
- Universidade Federal do Ceará
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica
- Fortaleza
- Brazil
| | - Remi Chauvin
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination
- LCC
- UPR 8241
- F-31077 Toulouse
- France
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11
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Wolhuter K, Whitwell HJ, Switzer CH, Burgoyne JR, Timms JF, Eaton P. Evidence against Stable Protein S-Nitrosylation as a Widespread Mechanism of Post-translational Regulation. Mol Cell 2018; 69:438-450.e5. [PMID: 29358077 PMCID: PMC5807093 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
S-nitrosation, commonly referred to as S-nitrosylation, is widely regarded as a ubiquitous, stable post-translational modification that directly regulates many proteins. Such a widespread role would appear to be incompatible with the inherent lability of the S-nitroso bond, especially its propensity to rapidly react with thiols to generate disulfide bonds. As anticipated, we observed robust and widespread protein S-nitrosation after exposing cells to nitrosocysteine or lipopolysaccharide. Proteins detected using the ascorbate-dependent biotin switch method are typically interpreted to be directly regulated by S-nitrosation. However, these S-nitrosated proteins are shown to predominantly comprise transient intermediates leading to disulfide bond formation. These disulfides are likely to be the dominant end effectors resulting from elevations in nitrosating cellular nitric oxide species. We propose that S-nitrosation primarily serves as a transient intermediate leading to disulfide formation. Overall, we conclude that the current widely held perception that stable S-nitrosation directly regulates the function of many proteins is significantly incorrect. Protein S-nitrosation is commonly regarded as a stable, regulatory modification However, S-nitrosothiols are labile and rapidly react with thiols to form disulfides Here disulfides are shown to be the dominant end effectors of nitrosative signaling Protein S-nitrosation as a regulatory end effector may occur, but this may be rare
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Wolhuter
- King's College London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence the Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Harry J Whitwell
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Christopher H Switzer
- King's College London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence the Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Joseph R Burgoyne
- King's College London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence the Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - John F Timms
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Philip Eaton
- King's College London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence the Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK.
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12
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Oxidant sensor in the cGMP-binding pocket of PKGIα regulates nitroxyl-mediated kinase activity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9938. [PMID: 28855531 PMCID: PMC5577323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09275-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the mechanisms for endogenous nitroxyl (HNO) production and action being incompletely understood, pharmacological donors show broad therapeutic promise and are in clinical trials. Mass spectrometry and site-directed mutagenesis showed that chemically distinct HNO donors 1-nitrosocyclohexyl acetate or Angeli’s salt induced disulfides within cGMP-dependent protein kinase I-alpha (PKGIα), an interdisulfide between Cys42 of the two identical subunits of the kinase and a previously unobserved intradisulfide between Cys117 and Cys195 in the high affinity cGMP-binding site. Kinase activity was monitored in cells transfected with wildtype (WT), Cys42Ser or Cys117/195Ser PKGIα that cannot form the inter- or intradisulfide, respectively. HNO enhanced WT kinase activity, an effect significantly attenuated in inter- or intradisulfide-deficient PKGIα. To investigate whether the intradisulfide modulates cGMP binding, real-time imaging was performed in vascular smooth muscle cells expressing a FRET-biosensor comprising the cGMP-binding sites of PKGIα. HNO induced FRET changes similar to those elicited by an increase of cGMP, suggesting that intradisulfide formation is associated with activation of PKGIα. Intradisulfide formation in PKGIα correlated with enhanced HNO-mediated vasorelaxation in mesenteric arteries in vitro and arteriolar dilation in vivo in mice. HNO induces intradisulfide formation in PKGIα, inducing the same effect as cGMP binding, namely kinase activation and thus vasorelaxation.
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13
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Bohle DS, Chua Z, Perepichka I, Rosadiuk K. Lewis acid stabilization and activation of primary N-nitrosamides. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24421a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary nitrosamides, here exemplified by the N-nitrosoalkylcarbamates, ROC(O)NHNO [R = CH3 (1), R = C2H5 (2)], show a markedly Lewis acid dependent chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhijie Chua
- Department of Chemistry
- McGill University
- Montreal
- Canada
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14
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The opposing roles of NO and oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease. Pharmacol Res 2016; 116:57-69. [PMID: 27988384 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. A reduction in the bioavailability of endogenous NO, manifest as a decrease in the production and/or impaired signaling, is associated with many cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, stroke and heart failure. There is substantial evidence that reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated predominantly from NADPH oxidases (Nox), are responsible for the reduced NO bioavailability in vascular and cardiac pathologies. ROS can compromise NO function via a direct inactivation of NO, together with a reduction in NO synthesis and oxidation of its receptor, soluble guanylyl cyclase. Whilst nitrovasodilators are administered to compensate for the ROS-mediated loss in NO bioactivity, their clinical utility is limited due to the development of tolerance and resistance and systemic hypotension. Moreover, efforts to directly scavenge ROS with antioxidants has had limited clinical efficacy. This review outlines the therapeutic utility of NO-based therapeutics in cardiovascular diseases and describes the source and impact of ROS in these pathologies, with particular focus on the interaction with NO. Future therapeutic approaches in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases are highlighted with a focus on nitroxyl (HNO) donors as an alternative to traditional NO donors and the development of novel Nox inhibitors.
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15
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Nourian S, Zilber ZA, Toscano JP. Development of N-Substituted Hydroxamic Acids with Pyrazolone Leaving Groups as Nitrosocarbonyl Precursors. J Org Chem 2016; 81:9138-9146. [PMID: 27617912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel class of nitrosocarbonyl precursors, N-substituted hydroxamic acids with pyrazolone leaving groups (NHPY), has been synthesized. Under physiological conditions, these compounds generate nitrosocarbonyl intermediates, which upon hydrolysis release nitroxyl (azanone, HNO) in excellent yields. The amount and rate of nitrosocarbonyl generation are dependent on the nature of the pyrazolone leaving groups and significantly on the structural properties of the NHPY donors. Pyrazolones have been found to be efficient nitrosocarbonyl traps, undergoing an N-selective nitrosocarbonyl aldol reaction. This trapping reaction has been used to confirm the involvement of nitrosocarbonyl intermediates in NHPY aqueous decomposition. In addition, NHPY compounds are shown to generate nitrosocarbonyls efficiently under mild basic conditions in organic solvent and may therefore also enjoy synthetic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghar Nourian
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Zachary A Zilber
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - John P Toscano
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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16
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Bianco CL, Moore CD, Fukuto JM, Toscano JP. Selenols are resistant to irreversible modification by HNO. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 99:71-78. [PMID: 27424037 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of nitric oxide (NO) as an endogenously generated signaling species in mammalian cells has spawned a vast interest in the study of the chemical biology of nitrogen oxides. Of these, nitroxyl (azanone, HNO) has gained much attention for its potential role as a therapeutic for cardiovascular disease. Known targets of HNO include hemes/heme proteins and thiols/thiol-containing proteins. Recently, due to their roles in redox signaling and cellular defense, selenols and selenoproteins have also been speculated to be additional potential targets of HNO. Indeed, as determined in the current work, selenols are targeted by HNO. Such reactions appear to result only in formation of diselenide products, which can be easily reverted back to the free selenol. This characteristic is distinct from the reaction of HNO with thiols/thiolproteins. These findings suggest that, unlike thiolproteins, selenoproteins are resistant to irreversible oxidative modification, support that Nature may have chosen to use selenium instead of sulfur in certain biological systems for its enhanced resistance to electrophilic and oxidative modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Bianco
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Cathy D Moore
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Jon M Fukuto
- Department of Chemistry, Sonoma State University, 1801 E. Cotati Ave., Rohnert Park, CA 94928, USA
| | - John P Toscano
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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18
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Kemp-Harper BK, Horowitz JD, Ritchie RH. Therapeutic Potential of Nitroxyl (HNO) Donors in the Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure. Drugs 2016; 76:1337-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s40265-016-0631-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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19
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Miao Z, King SB. Recent advances in the chemical biology of nitroxyl (HNO) detection and generation. Nitric Oxide 2016; 57:1-14. [PMID: 27108951 PMCID: PMC4910183 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitroxyl or azanone (HNO) represents the redox-related (one electron reduced and protonated) relative of the well-known biological signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO). Despite the close structural similarity to NO, defined biological roles and endogenous formation of HNO remain unclear due to the high reactivity of HNO with itself, soft nucleophiles and transition metals. While significant work has been accomplished in terms of the physiology, biology and chemistry of HNO, important and clarifying work regarding HNO detection and formation has occurred within the last 10 years. This review summarizes advances in the areas of HNO detection and donation and their application to normal and pathological biology. Such chemical biological tools allow a deeper understanding of biological HNO formation and the role that HNO plays in a variety of physiological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrui Miao
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | - S Bruce King
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA.
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20
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Nitroxyl (HNO): A Reduced Form of Nitric Oxide with Distinct Chemical, Pharmacological, and Therapeutic Properties. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:4867124. [PMID: 26770654 PMCID: PMC4685437 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4867124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO), the one-electron reduced form of nitric oxide (NO), shows a distinct chemical and biological profile from that of NO. HNO is currently being viewed as a vasodilator and positive inotropic agent that can be used as a potential treatment for heart failure. The ability of HNO to react with thiols and thiol containing proteins is largely used to explain the possible biological actions of HNO. Herein, we summarize different aspects related to HNO including HNO donors, chemistry, biology, and methods used for its detection.
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21
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Hadimani MB, Mukherjee R, Banerjee R, Shoman ME, Aly OM, King SB. Ring expansions of acyloxy nitroso compounds. Tetrahedron Lett 2015; 56:5870-5873. [PMID: 26663984 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of cyclopentanone and cyclobutanone-derived oximes with lead (IV) tetraacetate gives the bright blue acyloxy nitroso compounds, which upon basic hydrolysis yields the ring expansion product cyclic hydroxamic acids in 12-81% yield. Reactions of substituted cyclopentanones provide ring expanded products where the -NOH group regioselectively inserts to the more substituted position and gives a better yield compared to the treatment of the same ketone with a basic solution of Piloty's acid. Reaction of phosphines with acyloxy nitroso compounds generally generates a ring-expanded Beckmann rearrangement product that can be hydrolyzed to the corresponding lactam. Acyloxy nitroso compounds that undergo rapid hydrolysis to HNO do not show this ring expansion reactivity. These results further demonstrate the versatility of acyloxy nitroso compound to yield structurally complex materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallinath B Hadimani
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA
| | - Rajeswari Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA
| | - Ranjan Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA
| | - Mai E Shoman
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA
| | - Omar M Aly
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA
| | - S Bruce King
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA
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22
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New acyloxy nitroso compounds with improved water solubility and nitroxyl (HNO) release kinetics and inhibitors of platelet aggregation. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:6069-77. [PMID: 26228501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
New acyloxy nitroso compounds, 4-nitrosotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl 2,2,2-trichloroacetate and 4-nitrosotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl 2,2-dichloropropanoate were prepared. These compounds release HNO under neutral conditions with half-lives between 50 and 120min, identifying these HNO donors as kinetically intermediate to the much slower acetate derivative and the faster trifluoroacetic acid derivative. These compounds or HNO-derived from these compounds react with thiols, including glutathione, thiol-containing enzymes and heme-containing proteins in a similar fashion to other acyloxy nitroso compounds. HNO released from these acyloxy nitroso compounds inhibits activated platelet aggregation. These acyloxy nitroso compounds augment the range of release for this group of HNO donors and should be valuable tools in the further study of HNO biology.
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23
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Cao N, Wong YG, Rosli S, Kiriazis H, Huynh K, Qin C, Du XJ, Kemp-Harper BK, Ritchie RH. Chronic administration of the nitroxyl donor 1-nitrosocyclo hexyl acetate limits left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in a mouse model of diabetes mellitus in vivo. Circ Heart Fail 2015; 8:572-81. [PMID: 25737497 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.114.001699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitroxyl (HNO), a redox congener of nitric oxide (NO·), is a novel regulator of cardiovascular function, combining concomitant positive inotropic, lusitropic, and vasodilator properties. Moreover, HNO exhibits myocardial antihypertrophic and superoxide-suppressing actions. Despite these favorable actions, the impact of chronic HNO administration has yet to be reported in the context of cardiomyopathy. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized by early diastolic dysfunction and adverse left ventricular (LV) structural remodeling, with LV superoxide generation playing a major causal role. We tested the hypothesis that the HNO donor 1-nitrosocyclohexylacetate (1-NCA) limits cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and LV diastolic dysfunction in a mouse model of diabetes mellitus in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS Diabetes mellitus was induced in male FVB/N mice using streptozotocin. After 4 weeks, diabetic and nondiabetic mice were allocated to 1-NCA therapy (83 mg/kg per day IP) or vehicle and followed up for a further 4 weeks. Diabetes mellitus-induced LV diastolic dysfunction was evident on echocardiography-derived E and A wave velocities, E:A ratio, deceleration, and isovolumic relaxation times; LV systolic function was preserved. Increased LV cardiomyocyte size, hypertrophic and profibrotic gene expression, and upregulation of LV superoxide were also evident. These characteristics of diabetic cardiomyopathy were largely prevented by 1-NCA treatment. Selectivity of 1-NCA as an HNO donor was demonstrated by sensitivity of acute 1-NCA to l-cysteine but not to hydroxocobalamin in the normal rat heart ex vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our studies provide the first evidence that HNO donors may represent a promising strategy for treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy and implies therapeutic efficacy in settings of chronic heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nga Cao
- From the Departments of Heart Failure Pharmacology (N.C., Y.G.W., S.R., C.Q., R.H.R.) and Experimental Cardiology (H.K. X.J.D.), Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Pharmacology (Y.G.W., B.K.K.-H.) and Medicine (K.H., X.-J.D., R.H.R.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yung George Wong
- From the Departments of Heart Failure Pharmacology (N.C., Y.G.W., S.R., C.Q., R.H.R.) and Experimental Cardiology (H.K. X.J.D.), Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Pharmacology (Y.G.W., B.K.K.-H.) and Medicine (K.H., X.-J.D., R.H.R.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Rosli
- From the Departments of Heart Failure Pharmacology (N.C., Y.G.W., S.R., C.Q., R.H.R.) and Experimental Cardiology (H.K. X.J.D.), Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Pharmacology (Y.G.W., B.K.K.-H.) and Medicine (K.H., X.-J.D., R.H.R.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Kiriazis
- From the Departments of Heart Failure Pharmacology (N.C., Y.G.W., S.R., C.Q., R.H.R.) and Experimental Cardiology (H.K. X.J.D.), Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Pharmacology (Y.G.W., B.K.K.-H.) and Medicine (K.H., X.-J.D., R.H.R.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karina Huynh
- From the Departments of Heart Failure Pharmacology (N.C., Y.G.W., S.R., C.Q., R.H.R.) and Experimental Cardiology (H.K. X.J.D.), Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Pharmacology (Y.G.W., B.K.K.-H.) and Medicine (K.H., X.-J.D., R.H.R.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chengxue Qin
- From the Departments of Heart Failure Pharmacology (N.C., Y.G.W., S.R., C.Q., R.H.R.) and Experimental Cardiology (H.K. X.J.D.), Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Pharmacology (Y.G.W., B.K.K.-H.) and Medicine (K.H., X.-J.D., R.H.R.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xiao-Jun Du
- From the Departments of Heart Failure Pharmacology (N.C., Y.G.W., S.R., C.Q., R.H.R.) and Experimental Cardiology (H.K. X.J.D.), Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Pharmacology (Y.G.W., B.K.K.-H.) and Medicine (K.H., X.-J.D., R.H.R.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barbara K Kemp-Harper
- From the Departments of Heart Failure Pharmacology (N.C., Y.G.W., S.R., C.Q., R.H.R.) and Experimental Cardiology (H.K. X.J.D.), Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Pharmacology (Y.G.W., B.K.K.-H.) and Medicine (K.H., X.-J.D., R.H.R.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca H Ritchie
- From the Departments of Heart Failure Pharmacology (N.C., Y.G.W., S.R., C.Q., R.H.R.) and Experimental Cardiology (H.K. X.J.D.), Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Departments of Pharmacology (Y.G.W., B.K.K.-H.) and Medicine (K.H., X.-J.D., R.H.R.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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Guthrie DA, Ho A, Takahashi CG, Collins A, Morris M, Toscano JP. “Catch-and-Release” of HNO with Pyrazolones. J Org Chem 2015; 80:1338-48. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502330w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daryl A. Guthrie
- Department
of Chemistry, 3400 North
Charles Street, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Anthony Ho
- Department
of Chemistry, 3400 North
Charles Street, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Cyrus G. Takahashi
- Department
of Chemistry, 3400 North
Charles Street, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Anthony Collins
- Department
of Chemistry, 3400 North
Charles Street, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Matthew Morris
- Department
of Chemistry, 3400 North
Charles Street, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - John P. Toscano
- Department
of Chemistry, 3400 North
Charles Street, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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25
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Giri SK, Kartha KPR. Acyl transfer reactions of carbohydrates, alcohols, phenols, thiols and thiophenols under green reaction conditions. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16916f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acyl transfer reactions of various carbohydrates, alcohols, phenols, thiols and thiophenols were achieved at room temperature in high yields and catalytic efficiency in the presence of methane sulfonic acid, a green organic acid, under solvent-free conditions over short time periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Giri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- India
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26
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Berenyiova A, Grman M, Mijuskovic A, Stasko A, Misak A, Nagy P, Ondriasova E, Cacanyiova S, Brezova V, Feelisch M, Ondrias K. The reaction products of sulfide and S-nitrosoglutathione are potent vasorelaxants. Nitric Oxide 2014; 46:123-30. [PMID: 25529482 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The chemical interaction of sodium sulfide (Na2S) with the NO-donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) has been described to generate new reaction products, including polysulfides and nitrosopersulfide (SSNO(-)) via intermediacy of thionitrous acid (HSNO). The aim of the present work was to investigate the vascular effects of the longer-lived products of the Sulfide/GSNO interaction. Here we show that the products of this reaction relax precontracted isolated rings of rat thoracic aorta and mesenteric artery (but to a lesser degree rat uterus) with a >2-fold potency compared with the starting material, GSNO (50 nM), whereas Na2S and polysulfides have little effect at 1-5 µM. The onset of vasorelaxation of the reaction products was 7-10 times faster in aorta and mesenteric arteries compared with GSNO. Relaxation to GSNO (100-500 nM) was blocked by an inhibitor of soluble guanylyl cyclase, ODQ (0.1 and 10 µM), and by the NO scavenger cPTIO (100 µM), but less affected by prior acidification (pH 2-4), and unaffected by N-acetylcysteine (1 mM) or methemoglobin (20 µM heme). By contrast, relaxation to the Sulfide/GSNO reaction products (100-500 nM based on the starting material) was inhibited to a lesser extent by ODQ, only slightly decreased by cPTIO, more markedly inhibited by methemoglobin and N-acetylcysteine, and abolished by acidification before addition to the organ bath. The reaction mixture was found to generate NO as detected by EPR spectroscopy using N-(dithiocarboxy)-N-methyl-D-glucamine (MGD2)-Fe(2+) as spin trap. In conclusion, the Sufide/GSNO reaction products are faster and more pronounced vasorelaxants than GSNO itself. We conclude that in addition to NO formation from SSNO(-), reaction products other than polysulfides may give rise to nitroxyl (HNO) and be involved in the pronounced relaxation induced by the Sulfide/GSNO cross-talk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Berenyiova
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology SAS, Sienkiewiczova 1, 81371 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marian Grman
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics SAS, Vlarska 5, 83334 Bratislava, Slovakia; Center for Molecular Medicine SAS, Vlarska 7, 83101 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ana Mijuskovic
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Blvd Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrej Stasko
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinskeho 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Anton Misak
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics SAS, Vlarska 5, 83334 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Nagy
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology, National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György utca 7-9, Budapest, 1122 Hungary
| | - Elena Ondriasova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Odbojarov 10, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sona Cacanyiova
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology SAS, Sienkiewiczova 1, 81371 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vlasta Brezova
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinskeho 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK
| | - Karol Ondrias
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics SAS, Vlarska 5, 83334 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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27
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Stamellou E, Storz D, Botov S, Ntasis E, Wedel J, Sollazzo S, Krämer BK, van Son W, Seelen M, Schmalz HG, Schmidt A, Hafner M, Yard BA. Different design of enzyme-triggered CO-releasing molecules (ET-CORMs) reveals quantitative differences in biological activities in terms of toxicity and inflammation. Redox Biol 2014; 2:739-48. [PMID: 25009775 PMCID: PMC4085349 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acyloxydiene–Fe(CO)3 complexes can act as enzyme-triggered CO-releasing molecules (ET-CORMs). Their biological activity strongly depends on the mother compound from which they are derived, i.e. cyclohexenone or cyclohexanedione, and on the position of the ester functionality they harbour. The present study addresses if the latter characteristic affects CO release, if cytotoxicity of ET-CORMs is mediated through iron release or inhibition of cell respiration and to what extent cyclohexenone and cyclohexanedione derived ET-CORMs differ in their ability to counteract TNF-α mediated inflammation. Irrespective of the formulation (DMSO or cyclodextrin), toxicity in HUVEC was significantly higher for ET-CORMs bearing the ester functionality at the outer (rac-4), as compared to the inner (rac-1) position of the cyclohexenone moiety. This was paralleled by an increased CO release from the former ET-CORM. Toxicity was not mediated via iron as EC50 values for rac-4 were significantly lower than for FeCl2 or FeCl3 and were not influenced by iron chelation. ATP depletion preceded toxicity suggesting impaired cell respiration as putative cause for cell death. In long-term HUVEC cultures inhibition of VCAM-1 expression by rac-1 waned in time, while for the cyclohexanedione derived rac-8 inhibition seems to increase. NFκB was inhibited by both rac-1 and rac-8 independent of IκBα degradation. Both ET-CORMs activated Nrf-2 and consequently induced the expression of HO-1. This study further provides a rational framework for designing acyloxydiene–Fe(CO)3 complexes as ET-CORMs with differential CO release and biological activities. We also provide a better understanding of how these complexes affect cell-biology in mechanistic terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Stamellou
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany ; Vth. Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg Mannheim, Germany
| | - D Storz
- Vth. Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Botov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - E Ntasis
- Vth. Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg Mannheim, Germany
| | - J Wedel
- Vth. Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Sollazzo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - B K Krämer
- Vth. Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg Mannheim, Germany
| | - W van Son
- Department of Nephrology, Academic Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Seelen
- Department of Nephrology, Academic Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H G Schmalz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - A Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M Hafner
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - B A Yard
- Vth. Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg Mannheim, Germany
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Romanski S, Stamellou E, Jaraba JT, Storz D, Krämer BK, Hafner M, Amslinger S, Schmalz HG, Yard BA. Enzyme-triggered CO-releasing molecules (ET-CORMs): evaluation of biological activity in relation to their structure. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:78-88. [PMID: 23774042 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Acyloxydiene-Fe(CO)3 complexes act as enzyme-triggered CO-releasing molecules (ET-CORMs) and can deliver CO intracellularly via esterase-mediated hydrolysis. The protective properties of structurally different ET-CORMs on hypothermic preservation damage and their ability to inhibit VCAM-1 expression were tested on cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC) using a structure-activity approach. Cytotoxicity of ET-CORMs, protection against hypothermic preservation damage, and inhibition of VCAM-1 expression were assessed. Cytotoxicity of 2-cyclohexenone and 1,3-cyclohexanedione-derived ET-CORMs was more pronounced in HUVEC compared to PTEC and was dependent on the position and type of the ester (acyloxy) substituent(s) (acetate>pivalate>palmitate). Protection against hypothermic preservation injury was only observed for 2-cyclohexenone-derived ET-CORMs and was not mediated by the ET-CORM decomposition product 2-cyclohexenone itself. Structural requirements for protection by these ET-CORMs were different for HUVEC and PTEC. Protection was affected by the nature of the ester functionality in both cell lines. VCAM-1 expression was inhibited by both 2-cyclohexenone- and 1,3-cyclohexanedione-derived ET-CORMs. 2-Cyclohexenone, but not 1,3-cyclohexanedione, also inhibited VCAM-1 expression. We demonstrate that structural alterations of ET-CORMs significantly affect their biological activity. Our data also indicate that different ET-CORMs behave differently in various cell types (epithelial vs endothelial). These findings warrant further studies not only to elucidate the structure-activity relation of ET-CORMs in mechanistic terms but also to assess if structural optimization will yield ET-CORMs with restricted cell specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Romanski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 4, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - E Stamellou
- Vth Medical Department, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - J T Jaraba
- Vth Medical Department, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - D Storz
- Vth Medical Department, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - B K Krämer
- Vth Medical Department, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Hafner
- Institut für Molekülar- and Zellbiologie, Hochschule Mannheim, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Amslinger
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - H G Schmalz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 4, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - B A Yard
- Vth Medical Department, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
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Holland RJ, Paulisch R, Cao Z, Keefer LK, Saavedra JE, Donzelli S. Enzymatic generation of the NO/HNO-releasing IPA/NO anion at controlled rates in physiological media using β-galactosidase. Nitric Oxide 2013; 35:131-6. [PMID: 24126017 PMCID: PMC3881966 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a strategy for generating mixtures of nitric oxide (NO) and nitroxyl (HNO) at tunable rates in physiological media. The approach involves converting a spontaneously HNO/NO-generating ion to a caged (prodrug) form that is essentially stable in neutral media, but that can be activated for HNO/NO release by adding an enzyme capable of efficiently opening the cage to regenerate the ion. By judiciously choosing the enzyme, substrate, and reaction conditions, unwanted scavenging of the HNO and NO by the protein can be minimised and the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme can be maintained. We illustrate this approach with a proof-of-concept study wherein the prodrug is Gal-IPA/NO, a diazeniumdiolate of structure iPrHN-N(O)NOR, with R=β-d-galactosyl. Escherichia coli-derived β-d-galactosidase at concentrations of 1.9-15nM hydrolysed 56μM substrate with half-lives of 140-19min, respectively, producing the IPA/NO anion (iPrHN-N(O)NO(-), half-life ∼3min), which in turn spontaneously hydrolysed to mixtures of HNO with NO. Using saturating substrate concentrations furnished IPA/NO generation rates that were directly proportional to enzyme concentration. Consistent with these data, the enzyme/substrate combination applied to ventricular myocytes isolated from wild-type mouse hearts resulted not only in a significant positive inotropic effect, but also rescued the cells from the negative inotropy, hypercontractions, and occasional cell death seen with the enzyme alone. This mechanism represents an alternate approach for achieving controlled fluxes of NO/HNO to investigate their biological actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Holland
- Drug Design Section, Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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30
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Dautov RF, Ngo DTM, Licari G, Liu S, Sverdlov AL, Ritchie RH, Kemp-Harper BK, Horowitz JD, Chirkov YY. The nitric oxide redox sibling nitroxyl partially circumvents impairment of platelet nitric oxide responsiveness. Nitric Oxide 2013; 35:72-8. [PMID: 24012721 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Impaired platelet responsiveness to nitric oxide (NO resistance) is a common characteristic of many cardiovascular disease states and represents an independent risk factor for cardiac events and mortality. NO resistance reflects both scavenging of NO by superoxide (O2(-)), and impairment of the NO receptor, soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC). There is thus an urgent need for circumvention of NO resistance in order to improve clinical outcomes. Nitroxyl (HNO), like NO, produces vasodilator and anti-aggregatory effects, largely via sGC activation, but is not inactivated by O2(-). We tested the hypothesis that HNO circumvents NO resistance in human platelets. In 57 subjects with or without ischemic heart disease, platelet responses to the HNO donor isopropylamine NONOate (IPA/NO) and the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were compared. While SNP (10μM) induced 29±3% (p<0.001) inhibition of platelet aggregation, IPA/NO (10μM) caused 75±4% inhibition (p<0.001). In NO-resistant subjects (n=28), the IPA/NO:SNP response ratio was markedly increased (p<0.01), consistent with partial circumvention of NO resistance. Similarly, cGMP accumulation in platelets was greater (p<0.001) with IPA/NO than with SNP stimulation. The NO scavenger carboxy-PTIO (CPTIO, 200μM) inhibited SNP and IPA/NO responses by 92±7% and 17±4% respectively (p<0.001 for differential inhibition), suggesting that effects of IPA/NO are only partially NO-mediated. ODQ (10μM) inhibited IPA/NO responses by 36±8% (p<0.001), consistent with a contribution of sGC/haem to IPA/NO inhibition of aggregation. There was no significant relationship between whole blood ROS content and IPA/NO responses. Thus the HNO donor IPA/NO substantially circumvents platelet NO resistance while acting, at least partially, as a haem-mediated sGC activator.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Dautov
- Cardiology Unit, Basil Hetzel Institute, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Woodville, Australia.
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31
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Mitroka S, Shoman ME, DuMond JF, Bellavia L, Aly OM, Abdel-Aziz M, Kim-Shapiro DB, King SB. Direct and nitroxyl (HNO)-mediated reactions of acyloxy nitroso compounds with the thiol-containing proteins glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C. J Med Chem 2013; 56:6583-92. [PMID: 23895568 DOI: 10.1021/jm400057r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO) reacts with thiols, and this reactivity requires the use of donors with 1-nitrosocyclohexyl acetate, pivalate, and trifluoroacetate, forming a new group. These acyloxy nitroso compounds inhibit glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) by forming a reduction reversible active site disulfide and a reduction irreversible sulfinic acid or sulfinamide modification at Cys244. Addition of these acyloxy nitroso compounds to AhpC C165S yields a sulfinic acid and sulfinamide modification. A potential mechanism for these transformations includes nucleophilic addition of the protein thiol to a nitroso compound to yield an N-hydroxysulfenamide, which reacts with thiol to give disulfide or rearranges to sulfinamides. Known HNO donors produce the unsubstituted protein sulfinamide as the major product, while the acetate and pivalate give substituted sulfinamides that hydrolyze to sulfinic acids. These results suggest that nitroso compounds form a general class of thiol-modifying compounds, allowing their further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Mitroka
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Physics, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
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32
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Aizawa K, Nakagawa H, Matsuo K, Kawai K, Ieda N, Suzuki T, Miyata N. Piloty’s acid derivative with improved nitroxyl-releasing characteristics. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:2340-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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33
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Bellavia L, DuMond JF, Perlegas A, Bruce King S, Kim-Shapiro DB. Nitroxyl accelerates the oxidation of oxyhemoglobin by nitrite. Nitric Oxide 2013; 31:38-47. [PMID: 23545404 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Angeli's salt (Na₂N₂O₃) decomposes into nitroxyl (HNO) and nitrite (NO₂(-)), compounds of physiological and therapeutic interest for their impact on biological signaling both through nitric oxide and nitric oxide independent pathways. Both nitrite and HNO oxidize oxygenated hemoglobin to methemoglobin. Earlier work has shown that HNO catalyzes the reduction of nitrite by deoxygenated hemoglobin. In this work, we have shown that HNO accelerates the oxidation of oxygenated hemoglobin by NO₂(-). We have demonstrated this HNO mediated acceleration of the nitrite/oxygenated hemoglobin reaction with oxygenated hemoglobin being in excess to HNO and nitrite (as would be found under physiological conditions) by monitoring the formation of methemoglobin in the presence of Angeli's salt with and without added NO₂(-). In addition, this acceleration has been demonstrated using the HNO donor 4-nitrosotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl pivalate, a water-soluble acyloxy nitroso compound that does not release NO₂(-) but generates HNO in the presence of esterase. This HNO donor was used both with and without NO₂(-) and acceleration of the NO₂(-) induced formation of methemoglobin was observed. We found that the acceleration was not substantially affected by catalase, superoxide dismutase, c-PTIO, or IHP, suggesting that it is not due to formation of extramolecular peroxide, NO₂ or H₂O₂, or to modulation of allosteric properties. In addition, we found that the acceleration is not likely to be related to HNO binding to free reduced hemoglobin, as we found HNO binding to reduced hemoglobin to be much weaker than has previously been proposed. We suggest that the mechanism of the acceleration involves local propagation of autocatalysis in the nitrite-oxygenated Hb reaction. This acceleration of the nitrite oxyhemoglobin reaction could affect studies aimed at understanding physiological roles of HNO and perhaps nitrite and use of these agents in therapeutics such as hemolytic anemias, heart failure, and ischemia reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon Bellavia
- Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
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34
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Filipovic MR, Eberhardt M, Prokopovic V, Mijuskovic A, Orescanin-Dusic Z, Reeh P, Ivanovic-Burmazovic I. Beyond H2S and NO Interplay: Hydrogen Sulfide and Nitroprusside React Directly to Give Nitroxyl (HNO). A New Pharmacological Source of HNO. J Med Chem 2013; 56:1499-508. [DOI: 10.1021/jm3012036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana Mijuskovic
- Institute
for Biological Research Sinisa Stankovic, University of Belgrade,
Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Orescanin-Dusic
- Institute
for Biological Research Sinisa Stankovic, University of Belgrade,
Belgrade, Serbia
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35
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Donzelli S, Fischer G, King BS, Niemann C, DuMond JF, Heeren J, Wieboldt H, Baldus S, Gerloff C, Eschenhagen T, Carrier L, Böger RH, Espey MG. Pharmacological characterization of 1-nitrosocyclohexyl acetate, a long-acting nitroxyl donor that shows vasorelaxant and antiaggregatory effects. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2012; 344:339-47. [PMID: 23211362 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.112.199836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO) donors have potential benefit in the treatment of heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases. 1-Nitrosocyclohexyl acetate (NCA), a new HNO donor, in contrast to the classic HNO donors Angeli's salt and isopropylamine NONOate, predominantly releases HNO and has a longer half-life. This study investigated the vasodilatative properties of NCA in isolated aortic rings and human platelets and its mechanism of action. NCA was applied on aortic rings isolated from wild-type mice and apolipoprotein E-deficient mice and in endothelial-denuded aortae. The mechanism of action of HNO was examined by applying NCA in the absence and presence of the HNO scavenger glutathione (GSH) and inhibitors of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), adenylyl cyclase (AC), calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor (CGRP), and K(+) channels. NCA induced a concentration-dependent relaxation (EC(50), 4.4 µM). This response did not differ between all groups, indicating an endothelium-independent relaxation effect. The concentration-response was markedly decreased in the presence of excess GSH; the nitric oxide scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide had no effect. Inhibitors of sGC, CGRP, and voltage-dependent K(+) channels each significantly impaired the vasodilator response to NCA. In contrast, inhibitors of AC, ATP-sensitive K(+) channels, or high-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels did not change the effects of NCA. NCA significantly reduced contractile response and platelet aggregation mediated by the thromboxane A(2) mimetic 9,11-dideoxy-11α,9α-epoxymethanoprostaglandin F(2)(α) in a cGMP-dependent manner. In summary, NCA shows vasoprotective effects and may have a promising profile as a therapeutic agent in vascular dysfunction, warranting further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Donzelli
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf., Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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36
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DuMond JF, Wright MW, King SB. Water soluble acyloxy nitroso compounds: HNO release and reactions with heme and thiol containing proteins. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 118:140-7. [PMID: 23083700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO) has gained interest as a potential treatment of congestive heart failure through the ability of the HNO donor, Angeli's salt (AS), to evoke positive inotropic effects in canine cardiac muscle. The release of nitrite during decomposition limits the use of AS requiring other HNO sources. Acyloxy nitroso compounds liberate HNO and small amounts of nitrite upon hydrolysis and the synthesis of the water-soluble 4-nitrosotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl acetate and pivalate allows for pig liver esterase (PLE)-catalysis increasing the rate of decomposition and HNO release. The pivalate derivative does not release HNO, but the addition of PLE catalyzes hydrolysis (t(1/2)=39 min) and HNO formation (65% after 30 min). In the presence of PLE, this compound converts metmyoglobin (MetMb) to iron nitrosyl Mb and oxyMb to metMb indicating that these compounds only react with heme proteins as HNO donors. The pivalate in the presence and the absence of PLE inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) with IC(50) values of 3.5 and 3.3 μM, respectively, in a time-dependent manner. Reversibility assays reveal reversible inhibition of ALDH in the absence of PLE and partially irreversible inhibition with PLE. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) reveals formation of a disulfide upon incubation of an ALDH peptide without PLE and a mixture of disulfide and sulfinamide in the presence of PLE. A dehydroalanine residue forms upon incubation of this peptide with excess AS. These results identify acyloxy nitroso compounds as unique HNO donors capable of thiol modification through direct electrophilic reaction or HNO release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna F DuMond
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
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37
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Kurdi M, Sivakumaran V, Duhé RJ, Aon MA, Paolocci N, Booz GW. Depletion of cellular glutathione modulates LIF-induced JAK1-STAT3 signaling in cardiac myocytes. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:2106-15. [PMID: 22939972 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Previously we reported that the sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide induces oxidative stress in cardiac myocytes, which blocks Janus kinase (JAK) activation by the interleukin 6 (IL-6)-type cytokines. One implication suggested by this finding is that IL-6 signaling is dependent upon cellular anti-oxidant defenses or redox status. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to directly test the hypothesis that JAK1 signaling by the IL-6-type cytokines in cardiac myocytes is impaired by glutathione (GSH) depletion, since this tripeptide is one of the major anti-oxidant molecules and redox-buffers in cells. Cardiac myocytes were pretreated for 6h with l-buthionine-sulfoximine (BSO) to inhibit GSH synthesis. After 24h, cells were dosed with the IL-6-like cytokine, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). BSO treatment decreased GSH levels and dose-dependently attenuated activation of JAK1, Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3), and extracellular signal regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2). Addition of glutathione monoethyl ester, which is cleaved intracellularly to GSH, prevented attenuation of LIF-induced JAK1 and STAT3 activation, as did the reductant N-acetyl-cysteine. Unexpectedly, LIF-induced STAT1 activation was unaffected by GSH depletion. Evidence was found that STAT3 is more resistant than STAT1 to intermolecular disulfide bond formation under oxidizing conditions and more likely to retain the monomeric form, suggesting that conformational differences explain the differential effect of GSH depletion on STAT1 and STAT3. Overall, our findings indicate that activation of both JAK1 and STAT3 is redox-sensitive and the character of IL-6 type cytokine signaling in cardiac myocytes is sensitive to changes in the cellular redox status. In cardiac myocytes, activation of STAT1 may be favored over STAT3 under oxidizing conditions due to GSH depletion and/or augmented reactive oxygen species production, such as in ischemia-reperfusion and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazen Kurdi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lebanese University, Rafic Hariri Educational Campus, Hadath, Lebanon.
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38
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Zgheib C, Kurdi M, Zouein FA, Gunter BW, Stanley BA, Zgheib J, Romero DG, King SB, Paolocci N, Booz GW. Acyloxy nitroso compounds inhibit LIF signaling in endothelial cells and cardiac myocytes: evidence that STAT3 signaling is redox-sensitive. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43313. [PMID: 22905257 PMCID: PMC3419695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that oxidative stress inhibits leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) signaling by targeting JAK1, and the catalytic domains of JAK 1 and 2 have a cysteine-based redox switch. Thus, we postulated that the NO sibling and thiophylic compound, nitroxyl (HNO), would inhibit LIF-induced JAK-STAT3 activation. Pretreatment of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) or neonatal rat cardiomyocytes with the HNO donors Angeli’s salt or nitrosocyclohexyl acetate (NCA) inhibited LIF-induced STAT3 activation. NCA pretreatment also blocked the induction of downstream inflammatory genes (e.g. intercellular adhesion molecule 1, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein delta). The related 1-nitrosocyclohexyl pivalate (NCP; not a nitroxyl donor) was equally effective in inhibiting STAT3 activation, suggesting that these compounds act as thiolate targeting electrophiles. The JAK1 redox switch is likely not a target of acyloxy nitroso compounds, as NCA had no effect on JAK1 catalytic activity and only modestly affected JAK1-induced phosphorylation of the LIF receptor. However, pretreatment of recombinant human STAT3 with NCA or NCP reduced labeling of free sulfhydryl residues. We show that NCP in the presence of diamide enhanced STAT3 glutathionylation and dimerization in adult mouse cardiac myocytes and altered STAT3 under non-reducing conditions. Finally, we show that monomeric STAT3 levels are decreased in the Gαq model of heart failure in a redox-sensitive manner. Altogether, our evidence indicates that STAT3 has redox-sensitive cysteines that regulate its activation and are targeted by HNO donors and acyloxy nitroso compounds. These findings raise the possibility of new therapeutic strategies to target STAT3 signaling via a redox-dependent manner, particularly in the context of cardiac and non-cardiac diseases with prominent pro-inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Zgheib
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, and Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Mazen Kurdi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Rafic Hariri Educational Campus, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Fouad A. Zouein
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, and Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Barak W. Gunter
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, and Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Brian A. Stanley
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joe Zgheib
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Brabois, France
| | - Damian G. Romero
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, and Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - S. Bruce King
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Nazareno Paolocci
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Clinical Medicine Department, Section of General Pathology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - George W. Booz
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, and Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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39
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Gao WD, Murray CI, Tian Y, Zhong X, DuMond JF, Shen X, Stanley BA, Foster DB, Wink DA, King SB, Van Eyk JE, Paolocci N. Nitroxyl-mediated disulfide bond formation between cardiac myofilament cysteines enhances contractile function. Circ Res 2012; 111:1002-11. [PMID: 22851540 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.112.270827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE In the myocardium, redox/cysteine modification of proteins regulating Ca(2+) cycling can affect contraction and may have therapeutic value. Nitroxyl (HNO), the one-electron-reduced form of nitric oxide, enhances cardiac function in a manner that suggests reversible cysteine modifications of the contractile machinery. OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of HNO modification in cardiac myofilament proteins. METHODS AND RESULTS The HNO-donor, 1-nitrosocyclohexyl acetate, was found to act directly on the myofilament proteins, increasing maximum force (F(max)) and reducing the concentration of Ca(2+) for 50% activation (Ca(50)) in intact and skinned cardiac muscles. The effects of 1-nitrosocyclohexyl acetate are reversible by reducing agents and distinct from those of another HNO donor, Angeli salt, which was previously reported to increase F(max) without affecting Ca50. Using a new mass spectrometry capture technique based on the biotin switch assay, we identified and characterized the formation by HNO of a disulfide-linked actin-tropomyosin and myosin heavy chain-myosin light chain 1. Comparison of the 1-nitrosocyclohexyl acetate and Angeli salt effects with the modifications induced by each donor indicated the actin-tropomyosin and myosin heavy chain-myosin light chain 1 interactions independently correlated with increased Ca(2+) sensitivity and force generation, respectively. CONCLUSIONS HNO exerts a direct effect on cardiac myofilament proteins increasing myofilament Ca(2+) responsiveness by promoting disulfide bond formation between critical cysteine residues. These findings indicate a novel, redox-based modulation of the contractile apparatus, which positively impacts myocardial function, providing further mechanistic insight for HNO as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dong Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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40
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Liu N, Yin P, Chen Y, Deng Y, He L. Preparation of α-Sulfonylethanone Oximes from Oxidized Hydroxylamine. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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41
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Guthrie DA, Kim NY, Siegler MA, Moore CD, Toscano JP. Development of N-substituted hydroxylamines as efficient nitroxyl (HNO) donors. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:1962-5. [PMID: 22233148 DOI: 10.1021/ja2103923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Due to its inherent reactivity, nitroxyl (HNO), must be generated in situ through the use of donor compounds, but very few physiologically useful HNO donors exist. Novel N-substituted hydroxylamines with carbon-based leaving groups have been synthesized, and their structures confirmed by X-ray crystallography. These compounds generate HNO under nonenzymatic, physiological conditions, with the rate and amount of HNO released being dependent mainly on the nature of the leaving group. A barbituric acid and a pyrazolone derivative have been developed as efficient HNO donors with half-lives at pH 7.4, 37 °C of 0.7 and 9.5 min, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryl A Guthrie
- Department of Chemistry, 3400 North Charles Street, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Monbaliu JCM, Beagle LK, Kovacs J, Zeller M, Stevens CV, Katritzky AR. En route towards α-benzotriazoyl nitroso derivatives. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21311g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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43
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Ding W, Li Z, Shen X, Martin J, King SB, Sivakumaran V, Paolocci N, Gao WD. Reversal of isoflurane-induced depression of myocardial contraction by nitroxyl via myofilament sensitization to Ca2+. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2011; 339:825-31. [PMID: 21865439 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.111.185272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoflurane (ISO) is known to depress cardiac contraction. Here, we hypothesized that decreasing myofilament Ca(2+) responsiveness is central to ISO-induced reduction in cardiac force development. Moreover, we also tested whether the nitroxyl (HNO) donor 1-nitrosocyclohexyl acetate (NCA), acting as a myofilament Ca(2+) sensitizer, restores force in the presence of ISO. Trabeculae from the right ventricles of LBN/F1 rats were superfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution at room temperature, and force and intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) were measured. Steady-state activations were achieved by stimulating the muscles at 10 Hz in the presence of ryanodine. The same muscles were chemically skinned with 1% Triton X-100, and the force-Ca(2+) relation measurements were repeated. ISO depressed force in a dose-dependent manner without significantly altering [Ca(2+)](i). At 1.5%, force was reduced over 50%, whereas [Ca(2+)](i) remained unaffected. At 3%, contraction was decreased by ∼75% with [Ca(2+)](i) reduced by only 15%. During steady-state activation, 1.5% ISO depressed maximal Ca(2+)-activated force (F(max)) and increased the [Ca(2+)](i) required for 50% activation (Ca(50)) without affecting the Hill coefficient. After skinning, the same muscles showed similar decreases in F(max) and increases in Ca(50) in the presence of ISO. NCA restored force in the presence of ISO without affecting [Ca(2+)](i). These results show that 1) ISO depresses cardiac force development by decreasing myofilament Ca(2+) responsiveness, and 2) myofilament Ca(2+) sensitization by NCA can effectively restore force development without further increases in [Ca(2+)](i). The present findings have potential translational value because of the efficiency and efficacy of HNO on ISO-induced myocardial contractile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wengang Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
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Reisz JA, Zink CN, King SB. Rapid and selective nitroxyl (HNO) trapping by phosphines: kinetics and new aqueous ligations for HNO detection and quantitation. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:11675-85. [PMID: 21699183 DOI: 10.1021/ja203652z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies distinguish the biological and pharmacological effects of nitroxyl (HNO) from its oxidized/deprotonated product nitric oxide (·NO), but the lack of HNO detection methods limits the understanding its in vivo mechanisms and the identification of endogenous sources. We previously demonstrated that reaction of HNO with triarylphosphines provides aza-ylides and HNO-derived amides, which may serve as stable HNO biomarkers. We now report a kinetic analysis for the trapping of HNO by phosphines, ligations of enzyme-generated HNO, and compatibility studies illustrating the selectivity of phosphines for HNO over other physiologically relevant nitrogen oxides. Quantification of HNO using phosphines is demonstrated using an HPLC-based assay and ligations of phosphine carbamates generate HNO-derived ureas. These results further demonstrate the potential of phosphine probes for reliable biological detection and quantification of HNO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Reisz
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA
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