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Hummel JR, Xiao KJ, Yang JC, Epling LB, Mukai K, Ye Q, Xu M, Qian D, Huo L, Weber M, Roman V, Lo Y, Drake K, Stump K, Covington M, Kapilashrami K, Zhang G, Ye M, Diamond S, Yeleswaram S, Macarron R, Deller MC, Wee S, Kim S, Wang X, Wu L, Yao W. Discovery of (4-Pyrazolyl)-2-aminopyrimidines as Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3112-3126. [PMID: 38325398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
CDK2 is a critical regulator of the cell cycle. For a variety of human cancers, the dysregulation of CDK2/cyclin E1 can lead to tumor growth and proliferation. Historically, early efforts to develop CDK2 inhibitors with clinical applications proved unsuccessful due to challenges in achieving selectivity over off-target CDK isoforms with associated toxicity. In this report, we describe the discovery of (4-pyrazolyl)-2-aminopyrimidines as a potent class of CDK2 inhibitors that display selectivity over CDKs 1, 4, 6, 7, and 9. SAR studies led to the identification of compound 17, a kinase selective and highly potent CDK2 inhibitor (IC50 = 0.29 nM). The evaluation of 17 in CCNE1-amplified mouse models shows the pharmacodynamic inhibition of CDK2, measured by reduced Rb phosphorylation, and antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Hummel
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Kai-Jiong Xiao
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Jeffrey C Yang
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Leslie B Epling
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Ken Mukai
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Qinda Ye
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Meizhong Xu
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Dingquan Qian
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Lu Huo
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Michael Weber
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Valerie Roman
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Yvonne Lo
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Katherine Drake
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Kristine Stump
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Maryanne Covington
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Kanishk Kapilashrami
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Guofeng Zhang
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Min Ye
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Sharon Diamond
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Swamy Yeleswaram
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Ricardo Macarron
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Marc C Deller
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Susan Wee
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Sunkyu Kim
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Xiaozhao Wang
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Liangxing Wu
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Wenqing Yao
- Incyte Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-Off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
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2
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Tatar G, Taskin Tok T, Ozpolat B, Ay M. Structure prediction of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase and identification of the binding mechanisms of its inhibitors: homology modeling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:13355-13365. [PMID: 30880628 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1592024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinases emerged as one of the most successful families of drug targets due to their increased activity and involvement in mediating critical signal transduction pathways in cancer cells. Recent evidence suggests that eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF-2K) is a potential therapeutic target for treating some highly aggressive solid cancers, including lung, pancreatic and triple-negative breast cancers. Thus, several compounds have been developed for the inhibition of the enzyme activity, but they are not sufficiently specific and potent. Besides, the crystal structure of this kinase remains unknown. Hence, the functional organization and regulation of eEF-2K remain poorly characterized. For this purpose, we constructed a homology model of eEF-2K and then used docking methodology to better understanding the binding mechanism of eEF-2K with 58 compounds that have been proposed as existing inhibitors. The results of this analysis were compared with the experimental results and the compounds effective against eEF-2K were determined against eEF-2K as a result of both studies. And finally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed for the stability of eEF-2K with these compounds. According to these study defined that the binding mechanism of eEF-2K with inhibitors at the molecular level and elucidated the residues of eEF-2K that play an important role in enzyme selectivity and ligand affinity. This information may lead to new selective and potential drug molecules to be for inhibition of eEF-2K.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Tatar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Tugba Taskin Tok
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas-Houston MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Mehmet Ay
- Natural Products and Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Çanakkale, TURKEY
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3
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Sharma M, Sharma N, Muddassir M, Rahman QI, Dwivedi UN, Akhtar S. Structure-based pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening and simulation studies for the identification of potent anticancerous phytochemical lead targeting cyclin-dependent kinase 2. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:9815-9832. [PMID: 34151738 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1936178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases are of critical importance in directing various cell cycle phases making them as potential tumor targets. Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) in particular plays a significant part during cell cycle events and its imbalance roots out tumorogenic environment. Herein, we built a structure-based pharmacophore model complementing the ATP pocket site of CDK2 with four pharmacophoric features, using a series of structures obtained from cluster analysis during MD simulation assessment. This was followed by its validation and further database screening against Taiwan indigenous plants database (5284 compounds). The screened compounds were subjected toward Lipinski's rule (RO5) and ADMET filter followed by docking analysis and simulation study. In filtering hits (10 compounds) via molecular docking against CDK2, Schinilenol with -8.1 kcal/mol fetched out as a best lead phytoinhibitor in the presence of standard drug (Dinaciclib). Additionally, pharmacophore mapping analysis also indicated relative fit values of dinaciclib and schinilenol as 2.37 and 2.31, respectively. Optimization, flexibility prediction and the stability of CDK2 in complex with the ligands were also ascertained by means of molecular dynamics for 50 ns, which further proposed schinilenol having better binding stability than dinaciclib with RMSD values ranging from 0.31 to 0.34 nm. Reactivity site, biological activity detection and cardiotoxicity assessment also proposed schinilenol as a better phytolead inhibitor than the existing dinaciclib. Abbreviations: CDK2: Cyclin dependent kinase2; ATP: Adenosine triphosphate; MD: Molecular dynamics, RO5: Rule of five; ADMET: Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion; RMSD: Root mean square deviation; DS: Discovery Studio; SOM: Site of metabolism; RBPM: receptor based pharmacophore model; TIP: Schinilenol; hERG: human Ether-à-go-go - Related GeneCommunicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mala Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohd Muddassir
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - U N Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Salman Akhtar
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India.,Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, Australia
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4
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Sokolsky A, Winterton S, Kennedy K, Drake K, Stump K, Huo L, Lo Y, Ye M, Covington M, Diamond S, Yang YO, Kim S, Yeleswaram S, Wu L, Yao W. Discovery of 5,7-Dihydro-6 H-pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidin-6-ones as Highly Selective CDK2 Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1797-1804. [PMID: 36385925 PMCID: PMC9661707 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of exceptionally selective CDK2 inhibitors are described. Starting from an HTS hit, we successfully scaffold hopped to a 5,7-dihydro-6H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-6-one core structure, which imparted a promising initial selectivity within the CDK family. Extensive further SAR identified additional factors that drove selectivity to above 200× for CDKs 1/4/6/7/9. General kinome selectivity was also greatly improved. Finally, use of in vivo metabolite identification allowed us to pinpoint sulfonamide dealkylation as the primary metabolite, which was ameliorated through the deuterium effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Sokolsky
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Sarah Winterton
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Keith Kennedy
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Katherine Drake
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Kristine Stump
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Lu Huo
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Yvonne Lo
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Min Ye
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Maryanne Covington
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Sharon Diamond
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Yan-ou Yang
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Sunkyu Kim
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Swamy Yeleswaram
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Liangxing Wu
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Wenqing Yao
- Incyte
Research Institute, Incyte Corporation, 1801 Augustine Cut-off, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
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5
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Zhang J, Zhang L, Wang J, Ouyang L, Wang Y. Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitors in Human Cancer Therapy: Development and Therapeutic Potential. J Med Chem 2022; 65:10133-10160. [PMID: 35878418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) plays an important role in a variety of cellular functions, including the regulation of mitosis, DNA replication, autophagy, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). PLK1 overexpression is often associated with cell proliferation and poor prognosis in cancer patients, making it a promising antitumor target. To date, at least 10 PLK1 inhibitors (PLK1i) have been entered into clinical trials, among which the typical kinase domain (KD) inhibitor BI 6727 (volasertib) was granted "breakthrough therapy designation" by the FDA in 2013. Unfortunately, many other KD inhibitors showed poor specificity, resulting in dose-limiting toxicity, which has greatly impeded their development. Researchers recently discovered many PLK1i with higher selectivity, stronger potency, and better absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) characteristics. In this review, we emphasize the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of PLK1i, providing insights into new drugs targeting PLK1 for antitumor clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifa Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Liang Ouyang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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6
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Synthesis, characterization, in vitro cytotoxic activity and molecular docking of dinuclear gold(I) complexes with terephthalaldehyde bis(thiosemicarbazones). Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Bhurta D, Bharate SB. Analyzing the scaffold diversity of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors and revisiting the clinical and preclinical pipeline. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:654-709. [PMID: 34605036 DOI: 10.1002/med.21856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Kinases have gained an important place in the list of vital therapeutic targets because of their overwhelming clinical success in the last two decades. Among various clinically validated kinases, the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) are one of the extensively studied drug targets for clinical development. Food and Drug Administration has approved three CDK inhibitors for therapeutic use, and at least 27 inhibitors are under active clinical development. In the last decade, research and development in this area took a rapid pace, and thus the analysis of scaffold diversity is essential for future drug design. Available reviews lack the systematic study and discussion on the scaffold diversity of CDK inhibitors. Herein we have reviewed and critically analyzed the chemical diversity present in the preclinical and clinical pipeline of CDK inhibitors. Our analysis has shown that although several scaffolds represent CDK inhibitors, only the amino-pyrimidine is a well-represented scaffold. The three-nitrogen framework of amino-pyrimidine is a fundamental hinge-binding unit. Further, we have discussed the selectivity aspects among CDKs, the clinical trial dose-limiting toxicities, and highlighted the most advanced clinical candidates. We also discuss the changing paradigm towards selective inhibitors and an overview of ATP-binding pockets of all druggable CDKs. We carefully analyzed the clinical pipeline to unravel the candidates that are currently under active clinical development. In addition to the plenty of dual CDK4/6 inhibitors, there are many selective CDK7, CDK9, and CDK8/19 inhibitors in the clinical pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deendyal Bhurta
- Natural Products & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sandip B Bharate
- Natural Products & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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8
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Balamurugan G, Ramesh R, Malecki JG. Nickel(II)–NΛNΛO Pincer Type Complex-Catalyzed N-alkylation of Amines with Alcohols via the Hydrogen Autotransfer Reaction. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7125-7135. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gunasekaran Balamurugan
- Centre for Organometallic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Rengan Ramesh
- Centre for Organometallic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jan Grzegorz Malecki
- Department of Crystallography, Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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9
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Machine Learning Models for the Prediction of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. Pharm Res 2019; 36:35. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2562-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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10
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Cheng W, Yang Z, Wang S, Li Y, Wei H, Tian X, Kan Q. Recent development of CDK inhibitors: An overview of CDK/inhibitor co-crystal structures. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 164:615-639. [PMID: 30639897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) are protein-serine/threonine kinases that display crucial effects in regulation of cell cycle and transcription. While the excessive expression of CDKs is intimate related to the development of diseases including cancers, which provides opportunities for disease treatment. A large number of small molecules are explored targeting CDKs. CDK/inhibitor co-crystal structures play an important role during the exploration of inhibitors. So far nine kinds of CDK/inhibitor co-crystals have been determined, they account for the highest proportion among the Protein Data Bank (PDB) deposited crystal structures. Herein, we review main co-crystals of CDKs in complex with corresponding inhibitors reported in recent years, focusing our attention on the binding models and the pharmacological activities of inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhiheng Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Suhua Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Han Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Quancheng Kan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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11
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Ghorab MM, Ragab FA, Heiba HI, Elsayed MS, Ghorab WM. Design, synthesis and molecular modeling study of certain 4-Methylbenzenesulfonamides with CDK2 inhibitory activity as anticancer and radio-sensitizing agents. Bioorg Chem 2018; 80:276-287. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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12
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New chalcones bearing isatin scaffold: synthesis, molecular modeling and biological evaluation as anticancer agents. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-017-3019-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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13
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Mahajan P, Chashoo G, Gupta M, Kumar A, Singh PP, Nargotra A. Fusion of Structure and Ligand Based Methods for Identification of Novel CDK2 Inhibitors. J Chem Inf Model 2017; 57:1957-1969. [PMID: 28723151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.7b00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin dependent kinases play a central role in cell cycle regulation which makes them a promising target with multifarious therapeutic potential. CDK2 regulates various events of the eukaryotic cell division cycle, and the pharmacological evidence indicates that overexpression of CDK2 causes abnormal cell-cycle regulation, which is directly associated with hyperproliferation of cancer cells. Therefore, CDK2 is regarded as a potential target molecule for anticancer medication. Thus, to decline CDK2 activity by potential lead compounds has proved to be an effective treatment for cancer. The availability of a large number of X-ray crystal structures and known inhibitors of CDK2 provides a gateway to perform efficient computational studies on this target. With the aim to identify new chemical entities from commercial libraries, with increased inhibitory potency for CDK2, ligand and structure based computational drug designing approaches were applied. A druglike library of 50,000 compounds from ChemDiv and ChemBridge databases was screened against CDK2, and 110 compounds were identified using the parallel application of these models. On in vitro evaluation of 40 compounds, seven compounds were found to have more than 50% inhibition at 10 μM. MD studies of the hits revealed the stability of these inhibitors and pivotal role of Glu81 and Leu83 for binding with CDK2. The overall study resulted in the identification of four new chemical entities possessing CDK2 inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Mahajan
- Discovery Informatics, ‡Cancer Pharmacology, §Medicinal Chemistry, and ∥Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Gousia Chashoo
- Discovery Informatics, ‡Cancer Pharmacology, §Medicinal Chemistry, and ∥Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Monika Gupta
- Discovery Informatics, ‡Cancer Pharmacology, §Medicinal Chemistry, and ∥Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Discovery Informatics, ‡Cancer Pharmacology, §Medicinal Chemistry, and ∥Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Parvinder Pal Singh
- Discovery Informatics, ‡Cancer Pharmacology, §Medicinal Chemistry, and ∥Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Amit Nargotra
- Discovery Informatics, ‡Cancer Pharmacology, §Medicinal Chemistry, and ∥Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
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14
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Pennington LD, Moustakas DT. The Necessary Nitrogen Atom: A Versatile High-Impact Design Element for Multiparameter Optimization. J Med Chem 2017; 60:3552-3579. [PMID: 28177632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a continued desire in biomedical research to reduce the number and duration of design cycles required to optimize lead compounds into high-quality chemical probes or safe and efficacious drug candidates. The insightful application of impactful molecular design elements is one approach toward achieving this goal. The replacement of a CH group with a N atom in aromatic and heteroaromatic ring systems can have many important effects on molecular and physicochemical properties and intra- and intermolecular interactions that can translate to improved pharmacological profiles. In this Perspective, the "necessary nitrogen atom" is shown to be a versatile high-impact design element for multiparameter optimization, wherein ≥10-, 100-, or 1000-fold improvement in a variety of key pharmacological parameters can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis D Pennington
- Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Modeling and Informatics, Alkermes, Plc , 852 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451-1420, United States
| | - Demetri T Moustakas
- Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Modeling and Informatics, Alkermes, Plc , 852 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451-1420, United States
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of N -((1-benzyl-1 H -1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)-1,3-diphenyl-1 H -pyrazole-4-carboxamides as CDK1/Cdc2 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:164-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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16
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Spanò V, Frasson I, Giallombardo D, Doria F, Parrino B, Carbone A, Montalbano A, Nadai M, Diana P, Cirrincione G, Freccero M, Richter SN, Barraja P. Synthesis and antiproliferative mechanism of action of pyrrolo[3',2':6,7] cyclohepta[1,2-d]pyrimidin-2-amines as singlet oxygen photosensitizers. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 123:447-461. [PMID: 27490024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A new series of pyrrolo[3',2':6,7]cyclohepta[1,2-d]pyrimidin-2-amines, was conveniently prepared using a versatile and high yielding multistep sequence. A good number of derivatives was obtained and the cellular photocytotoxicity was evaluated in vitro against three different human tumor cell lines with EC50 (0.08-4.96 μM) values reaching the nanomolar level. Selected compounds were investigated by laser flash photolysis. The most photocytotoxic derivative, exhibiting a fairly long-lived triplet state (τ ∼ 7 μs) and absorbance in the UV-Vis, was tested in the photo-oxidations of 9,10-anthracenedipropionic acid (ADPA) by singlet oxygen. The photosentizing properties are responsible for the compounds' ability to photoinduce massive cell death with involvement of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Spanò
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ilaria Frasson
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Daniele Giallombardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Filippo Doria
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Carbone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Montalbano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Matteo Nadai
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Girolamo Cirrincione
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mauro Freccero
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara N Richter
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Barraja
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
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Ismail NS, Ali EM, Ibrahim DA, Serya RA, Abou El Ella DA. Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine based scaffold derivatives targeting kinases as anticancer agents. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fjps.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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18
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Grigoroudis AI, Kontopidis G. Preparation of CDK/Cyclin Inhibitor Complexes for Structural Determination. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1336:29-45. [PMID: 26231706 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2926-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The abundance of biochemical and structural knowledge on the Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs) has provided a comprehensive but not exhaustive insight into the molecular determinants that govern their function mechanisms. The implementation of structural and functional CDK models towards developing novel anticancer strategies that will specifically target individual or multiple CDKs remains a critical need.More than 250 CDKs crystal structures are available to-date, including truncated or whole, modified or not, active or inactive forms, co-crystallized with the cyclins and/or their respective putative inhibitors, though, to our knowledge, there is no NMR solved structure available to date. We hitherto attempt to provide a useful guide from protein production to crystallization for CDK/Inhibitors complexes based on an overview of the already elucidated CDK structures, constructs and the preferable expression vectors in each case, in order to yield the respective crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asterios I Grigoroudis
- Department of Biochemistry, Veterinary School, University of Thessaly, Trikalon 224 Str., Karditsa, 43100, Greece
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19
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Jantová S, Melušová M, Pánik M, Brezová V, Barbieriková Z. UVA-induced effects of 2,6-disubstituted 4-anilinoquinazolines on cancer cell lines. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 154:77-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Grigoroudis AI, McInnes C, Premnath PN, Kontopidis G. Efficient soluble expression of active recombinant human cyclin A2 mediated by E. coli molecular chaperones. Protein Expr Purif 2015; 113:8-16. [PMID: 25956535 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial expression of human proteins continues to present a critical challenge in protein crystallography and drug design. While human cyclin A constructs have been extensively characterized in complex with cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), efforts to express the monomeric human cyclin A2 in Escherichia coli in a stable form, without the kinase subunit, have been laden with technical difficulties, including solubility, yield and purity. Here, optimized conditions are described with the aim of generating for first time, sufficient quantities of human recombinant cyclin A2 in a soluble and active form for crystallization and ligand characterization purposes. The studies involve implementation of a His-tagged heterologous expression system under conditions of auto-induction and mediated by molecular chaperone-expressing plasmids. A high yield of human cyclin A2 was obtained in natively folded and soluble form, through co-expression with groups of molecular chaperones from E. coli in various combinations. A one-step affinity chromatography method was utilized to purify the fusion protein products to homogeneity, and the biological activity confirmed through ligand-binding affinity to inhibitory peptides, representing alternatives for the key determinants of the CDK2 substrate recruitment site on the cyclin regulatory subunit. As a whole, obtaining the active cyclin A without the CDK partner (referred to as monomeric in this work) in a straightforward and facile manner will obviate protein--production issues with the CDK2/cyclin A complex and enable drug discovery efforts for non-ATP competitive CDK inhibition through the cyclin groove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asterios I Grigoroudis
- Institute for Research and Technology-Thessaly (I.RE.TE.TH.) Centre for Research & Technology Hellas (CE.R.TH.), 95 Dimitriados & Pavlou Mela Street, GR 38333, Volos, Greece; Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, GR-43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - Campbell McInnes
- Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Padmavathy Nandha Premnath
- Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - George Kontopidis
- Institute for Research and Technology-Thessaly (I.RE.TE.TH.) Centre for Research & Technology Hellas (CE.R.TH.), 95 Dimitriados & Pavlou Mela Street, GR 38333, Volos, Greece; Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, GR-43100 Karditsa, Greece.
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21
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Li M, Zhao BX. Progress of the synthesis of condensed pyrazole derivatives (from 2010 to mid-2013). Eur J Med Chem 2014; 85:311-40. [PMID: 25104650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Condensed pyrazole derivatives are important heterocyclic compounds due to their excellent biological activities and have been widely applied in pharmaceutical and agromedical fields. In recent years, numerous condensed pyrazole derivatives have been synthesized and advanced to clinic studies with various biological activities. In this review, we summarized the reported synthesis methods of condensed pyrazole derivatives from 2010 until now. All compounds are divided into three parts according to the rings connected to pyrazole-ring, i.e. [5, 5], [5,F 6], and [5, 7]-condensed pyrazole derivatives. The biological activities and applications in pharmaceutical fields are briefly introduced to offer an orientation for the design and synthesis of condensed pyrazole derivatives with good biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Bao-Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
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22
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Alafeefy AM, Awaad AS, Abdel-Aziz HA, El-Meligy RM, Zain ME, Al-Outhman MR, Bacha AB. Synthesis and biological evaluation of certain 3-substituted benzylideneamino-2-(4-nitrophenyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2014; 30:270-6. [PMID: 24939093 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2014.915398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain new 3H-quinazolin-4-one Schiff's bases were synthesized and screened for their activities against ulcerative colitis "UC". Their activity against phospholipase A2 and protease enzymes was also investigated. Some compounds possessed remarkable effect with different potentials against acetic acid-induced colitis model in rats. Compound 14 (50 mg/kg) was more effective than dexamesathone (0.01 mg/kg). It produced 79.78% protection of control colitis; however, compound 13 produced 75.80% protection and was considered as effective as dexamesathone with 75.30% protection. The observed results could be explained partially by their anti-inflammatory activities which appear as phospholipase A2 (hGIIA) and/or through protease inhibitor potentials. However, all the compounds under test showed preferential inhibition towards hG-IIA type of PLA2 rather than DrG-IB with varying degrees. Interestingly, compounds 14, 13, 12 and 11 displayed excellent inhibitory activity against phospholipase A2 accompanied by protease inhibitory profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Alafeefy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Salman bin Abdulaziz University , Al-Kharj , Saudi Arabia
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23
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Kumari S, Paliwal S, Chauhan R. Synthesis of Pyrazole Derivatives Possessing Anticancer Activity: Current Status. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2013.828757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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24
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Chen DS, Zhang MM, Li YL, Liu Y, Wang XS. Copper(I)-catalyzed synthesis of 1-arylpyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazolin-9(1H)-one via intramolecular alkyne hydroamination. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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25
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Synthesis of a new class of pyrrolo[3,4-h]quinazolines with antimitotic activity. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 74:340-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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26
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Li F, Chen L, Kang Q, Cai J, Zhu G. Regioselective N-alkylation with alcohols for the preparation of 2-(N-alkylamino)quinazolines and 2-(N-alkylamino)pyrimidines. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2nj41021d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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The generation of purinome-targeted libraries as a means to diversify ATP-mimetic chemical classes for lead finding. Mol Divers 2012; 16:27-51. [PMID: 22350112 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-012-9361-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The generation of novel chemotypes in support of our oncology research projects expanded in recent years from a canonical design of kinase-targeted compound libraries to a broader interpretation of purinome-targeted libraries (PTL) addressing the specificity of cancer relevant targets such as kinases and ATPases. Successful screening of structurally diverse ATP-binding targets requires compound libraries covering multiple design elements, which may include phosphate surrogate moieties in ATPase inhibitors or far reaching lipophilic residues stabilizing inactive kinase conformations. Here, we exemplify the design and preparation of drug-like combinatorial libraries and report significantly enhanced screening performance on purinomic targets. We compared overall hit rates of PTL with a simultaneously tested unbiased collection of 200,000 compounds and found consistent superiority of the targeted libraries in all cases. We also analyzed the performance of the largest targeted libraries in comparison with each other and often found striking differences in how a specific target responds to various chemotypes and to whole collections.
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Wang J, Chen YD, Liu HC, Lin GW, Yang TT, Yuan HL, Ran T, Lu S, Zhang WW, Leng Y, Lu T. De novodesign of quinazoline derivatives as CDK2 inhibitors: 3D-QSAR, molecular fragment replacement and Volsurf predictions. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2011.563302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Derudas M, Pala N, Sanna V, Dallocchio R, Dessì A, Roggio AM, Sechi M. Design and synthesis of novel polycycles based on the 3H-pyrrolo/6,7-dihydropyrido[1,2-a]indole scaffold as templates for pharmaceutical development. J Heterocycl Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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30
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3D-QSAR and docking studies on pyrazolo[4,3-h]qinazoline-3-carboxamides as cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6764-72. [PMID: 20869873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.08.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 08/27/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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31
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Structure-based optimization of potent PDK1 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:4095-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Revised: 05/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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