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Hanson JR. Pseudo-Natural Products, Some Artefacts Formed during the Isolation of Terpenoids. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.3184/174751917x15021050367558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The formation of artefacts during the isolation, purification and characterisation of terpenoids is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Hanson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9QJ, UK
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2
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Gilardoni G, Malagòn O, Tosi S, Clericuzio M, Vidari G. Lactarane Sesquiterpenes from the European Mushrooms Lactarius aurantiacus, L. subdulcis, and Russula sanguinaria. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The results of the first investigation of secondary metabolites occurring in intact and damaged fruiting bodies of the European mushrooms Lactarius aurantiacus, L. subdulcis, and Russula sanguinaria are reported. The pattern of sesquiterpenes in injured R. sanguinaria is dramatically different from that of Lactarius. The structure of the new furanolactarane 4, isolated from L. aurantiacus, was established on the basis of spectral data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Gilardoni
- Università degli Studi di Pavia, Dipartimento di Chimica and CISTRE, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Omar Malagòn
- Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja, Departamento de Química Aplicada, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Solveig Tosi
- Università degli Studi di Pavia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e dell'Ambiente- Sez. Micologia
| | - Marco Clericuzio
- Università del Piemonte Orientale, Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Via T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vidari
- Università degli Studi di Pavia, Dipartimento di Chimica and CISTRE, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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3
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Clericuzio M, Gilardoni G, Malagòn O, Vidari G, Finzi PV. Sesquiterpenes of Lactarius and Russula (Mushrooms): An Update[1]. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800300626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review the biogenesis, structures, and bioactivities of all sesquiterpenoids isolated from Russula and Lactarius species in the last decade are critically discussed, and divided into sections according to their skeletons. A brief chemotaxonomic overview of the family Russulaceae is reported in the final part of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Clericuzio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali e della Vita, Via Bellini 25/G, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 15100 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Gianluca Gilardoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica, Via Taramelli 10, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Omar Malagòn
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica, Via Taramelli 10, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vidari
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica, Via Taramelli 10, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Vita Finzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica, Via Taramelli 10, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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4
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Pinel B, Audo G, Mallet S, Lavault M, De La Poype F, Séraphin D, Richomme P. Multi-grams scale purification of xanthanolides from Xanthium macrocarpum. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1151:14-9. [PMID: 17433347 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.02.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2006] [Revised: 02/09/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Plants of the Asteraceae family are known as a source of sesquiterpene lactones with interesting biological activities. The purification of several xanthanolides (xanthathin, 4-epi-xanthanol and 4-epi-isoxanthanol) was realized in one step, directly from the crude chloroformic extract of the leaves of X. macrocarpum by silica gel chromatography and for the first time by liquid/liquid chromatography (counter-current chromatography/centrifugal partition chromatography), using a FCPC 5L (Fast centrifugal partition chromatograph, Kromaton Technologies, Angers, France). Recovery, purity of xanthathin and solvent consumption were improved with the liquid/liquid chromatography compared to solid/liquid chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Pinel
- Laboratoire SONAS EA 921, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Ingénierie de la Santé, 16 Bd Daviers, 49100 Angers, France
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5
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De Gussem K, Verbeken A, Vandenabeele P, De Gelder J, Moens L. Raman spectroscopic monitoring of Lactarius latex. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2006; 67:2580-9. [PMID: 17049957 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2006] [Revised: 09/04/2006] [Accepted: 09/05/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Lactarius is a genus of Basidiomycotina with mainly agaricoid representatives, which are characterised by the excretion of a typical milky fluid. In particular, the colour, changes and taste of this latex-like milk are often used as a taxonomically important character. When it is exuded several chemical reactions occur. To date, NMR spectroscopy is generally used for chemical investigation of this latex. However, as a vibrational spectroscopic technique Raman spectroscopy has several advantageous properties for this type of research. The aim of this study is to investigate whether Raman spectroscopy can be used as an alternative analytical technique to monitor the chemical reactions in Lactarius latex. Therefore, this paper presents the first Raman spectra of Lactarius latex and provides an interpretation of the Raman bands that are present. L. lacunarum latex spectra are thoroughly investigated by 2D correlation analysis and are compared with latex spectra of other species (L. chrysorrheus, L. deterrimus, L. fluens, L. glyciosmus and L. salmonicolor).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris De Gussem
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
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6
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Gopinath R, Haque SJ, Patel BK. Tetrabutylammonium tribromide (TBATB) as an efficient generator of HBr for an efficient chemoselective reagent for acetalization of carbonyl compounds. J Org Chem 2002; 67:5842-5. [PMID: 12153290 DOI: 10.1021/jo025701o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Acyclic and cyclic acetals of various carbonyl compounds were obtained in excellent yields under a mild reaction condition in the presence of trialkyl orthoformate and a catalytic amount of tetrabutylammonium tribromide (TBATB) in absolute alcohol. Chemoselective acetalization of an aldehyde in the presence of ketone, unsymmetrical acetal formation, shorter reaction times, mild reaction conditions, the stability of acid-sensitive protecting groups, high efficiencies, facile isolation of the desired products, and the catalytic nature of the reagent make the present methodology a practical alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangam Gopinath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati-781 039, India
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7
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Clericuzio M, Pan F, Han F, Pang Z, Sterner O. Stearoyldelicone, an unstable protoilludane sesquiterpenoid from intact fruit bodies of Russula delica. Tetrahedron Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(97)10125-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Calderon SN, Rice KC, Rothman RB, Porreca F, Flippen-Anderson JL, Kayakiri H, Xu H, Becketts K, Smith LE, Bilsky EJ, Davis P, Horvath R. Probes for narcotic receptor mediated phenomena. 23. Synthesis, opioid receptor binding, and bioassay of the highly selective delta agonist (+)-4-[(alpha R)-alpha-((2S,5R)-4-Allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl]- N,N-diethylbenzamide (SNC 80) and related novel nonpeptide delta opioid receptor ligands. J Med Chem 1997; 40:695-704. [PMID: 9057856 DOI: 10.1021/jm960319n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The highly selective delta (delta) opioid receptor agonist SNC 80 [(+)-4- [(alpha R)-alpha-((2S,5R)-4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl]-N ,N- diethylbenzamide, (+)-21] and novel optically pure derivatives were synthesized from the enantiomers of 1-allyl-trans-2,5-dimethylpiperazine (2). The piperazine (+/-)-2 was synthesized, and its enantiomers were obtained on a multigram scale in > 99% optical purity by optical resolution of the racemate with the camphoric acids. The absolute configuration of (+)-2 was determined to be 2S,5R by X-ray analysis of the salt with (+)-camphoric acid. Since the chirality of the starting material was known, and the relative configuration of compounds (-)-21, (-)-22, and (+)-23 were obtained by single-crystal X-ray analysis, the assignment of the absolute stereochemistry of the entire series could be made. Radioreceptor binding studies in rat brain preparations showed that methyl ethers (+)-21 (SNC 80) and (-)-25 exhibited strong selectivity for rat delta receptors with low nanomolar affinity to delta receptors and only micromolar affinity for rat mu (mu) opioid receptors. Compounds (-)-21, (-)-22, and (-)-23 showed micromolar affinities for delta opioid receptors. The unsubstituted derivative (+)-22 and the fluorinated derivative (-)-27 showed > 2659- and > 2105-fold delta/mu binding selectivity, respectively. The latter derivatives are the most selective ligands described in the new series. Studies with some of the compounds described in the isolated mouse vas deferens and guinea pig ileum bioassays revealed that all were agonists with different degrees of selectivity for the delta opioid receptor. These data show that (+)-21 and (+)-22 are potent delta receptor agonists and suggest that these compounds will be valuable tools for further study of the delta opioid receptor at the molecular level, including its function and role in analgesia and drug abuse.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Benzamides/chemical synthesis
- Benzamides/chemistry
- Benzamides/metabolism
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Binding, Competitive
- Brain/metabolism
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-
- Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine/metabolism
- Enkephalins/metabolism
- Guinea Pigs
- Ileum/metabolism
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Male
- Mice
- Molecular Conformation
- Molecular Structure
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Piperazines/chemical synthesis
- Piperazines/chemistry
- Piperazines/metabolism
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Radioligand Assay
- Rats
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Stereoisomerism
- Vas Deferens/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Calderon
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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9
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Vidari G, Vita-Finzi P. Sesquiterpenes and other secondary metabolites of genus Lactarius (Basidiomycetes): Chemistry and biological activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(05)80084-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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10
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De Bernardi M, Garlaschelli L, Toma L, Vidari G, Vita-Finzi P. The chemical basis of hot-tasting and yellowing of the mushrooms Lactarius chrysorrheus and L. scrobiculatus. Tetrahedron 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)90201-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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11
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The isolation of new sesquiterpene aldehydes from injured fruit bodies of Lactarius scrobiculatus. Tetrahedron Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)61796-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Pang Z, Bocchio F, Sterner O. The Isolation of A New Lactarane Furan From Injured Fruit Bodies of Lentinellus Cochleatus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1080/10575639208048888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Hansson T, Sterner O. Studies of the conversions of sesquiterpenes in injured fruit bodies of lactarius vellereus. A biomimetic transformation of stearoylvelutinal to isovelleral. Tetrahedron Lett 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)74376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Tochtermann W, Luttmann K, Wolff C, Peters K, Peters EM, von Schnering HG. Synthese mittlerer und großer Ringe, XXIV: Regioselektive Oxidation von 10-Oxo-3,6-hexanooxepin-4,5-dicarbonsäure-diethylester — ein neuer Weg zu hochfunktionalisierten Zehnringen und Hydroazulenlactonen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19891220910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Efficient synthetic entry to oxygen-bridged lactaranes using organometallic methodology: A short synthesis of furanether B. Tetrahedron Lett 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)93491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Belova NV, Bekker AM, Gurevich LS. 6-Oxooctadecanoic acid from the fruiting bodies of Lactarius theiogalus. Chem Nat Compd 1986. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00579832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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De Bernardi M, Fronza G, Scilingo A, Vidari G, Vita-Finzi P. Fungal metabolites xx : Chemical correlation of lactarane and secolactarane sesquiterpenes. Absolute configuration of furosardonin a, lactaral and blennin c. Tetrahedron 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)87654-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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