1
|
Zhang C, Yang M, Qiu Y, Song M, Wang H, Yang M, Xie W, Wu J, Ye S. Alkoxysulfonyl radical species: acquisition and transformation towards sulfonate esters through electrochemistry. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11785-11791. [PMID: 36320920 PMCID: PMC9580505 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04027a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfonyl radical mediated processes have been considered as a powerful strategy for the construction of sulfonyl compounds. However, an efficient and high atom-economical radical approach to the synthesis of sulfonate esters is still rare, owing to the limited tactics to achieve alkoxysulfonyl radicals. Herein, an electrochemical anodic oxidation of inorganic sulfites with alcohols is developed to afford alkoxysulfonyl radical species, which are utilized in subsequent alkene difunctionalization to provide various sulfonate esters. This transformation features excellent chemoselectivity and broad functional group tolerance. This new discovery presents the potential prospect for the construction of sulfonate esters, and enriches the electrochemical reaction type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou 318000 China
| | - Man Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou 318000 China
| | - Yanjie Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou 318000 China
| | - Meijun Song
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou 318000 China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou 318000 China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou 318000 China
| | - Wenlin Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan 411201 China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou 318000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007 China
| | - Shengqing Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou 318000 China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dong X, Jiang W, Hua D, Wang X, Xu L, Wu X. Radical-mediated vicinal addition of alkoxysulfonyl/fluorosulfonyl and trifluoromethyl groups to aryl alkyl alkynes. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11762-11768. [PMID: 34659713 PMCID: PMC8442677 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03315h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition of sulfonyl radicals to alkenes and alkynes is a valuable method for constructing useful highly functionalized sulfonyl compounds. The underexplored alkoxy- and fluorosulfonyl radicals are easily accessed by CF3 radical addition to readily available allylsulfonic acid derivatives and then β-fragmentation. These substituted sulfonyl radicals add to aryl alkyl alkynes to give vinyl radicals that are trapped by trifluoromethyl transfer to provide tetra-substituted alkenes bearing the privileged alkoxy- or fluorosulfonyl group on one carbon and a trifluoromethyl group on the other. This process exhibits broad functional group compatibility and allows for the late-stage functionalization of drug molecules, demonstrating its potential in drug discovery and chemical biology. An unprecedented method for vicinal addition of alkoxysulfonyl/fluorosulfonyl and trifluoromethyl groups to aryl alkyl alkynes has been developed to afford useful alkenylsulfonate esters and alkenylsulfonyl fluorides.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Wenhua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Dexiang Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Xiaoxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vo Y, Schwartz BD, Onagi H, Ward JS, Gardiner MG, Banwell MG, Nelms K, Malins LR. A Rapid and Mild Sulfation Strategy Reveals Conformational Preferences in Therapeutically Relevant Sulfated Xylooligosaccharides. Chemistry 2021; 27:9830-9838. [PMID: 33880824 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Although sulfated xylooligosaccharides are promising therapeutic leads for a multitude of afflictions, the structural complexity and heterogeneity of commercially deployed forms (e. g. Pentosan polysulfate 1) complicates their path to further clinical development. We describe herein the synthesis of the largest homogeneous persulfated xylooligomers prepared to date, comprising up to eight xylose residues, as standards for biological studies. Near quantitative sulfation was accomplished using a remarkably mild and operationally simple protocol which avoids the need for high temperatures and a large excess of the sulfating reagent. Moreover, the sulfated xylooligomer standards so obtained enabled definitive identification of a pyridinium contaminant in a sample of a commercially prepared Pentosan drug and provided significant insights into the conformational preferences of the constituent persulfated monosaccharide residues. As the spatial distribution of sulfates is a key determinant of the binding of sulfated oligosaccharides to endogenous targets, these findings have broad implications for the advancement of Pentosan-based treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yen Vo
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Brett D Schwartz
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Hideki Onagi
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jas S Ward
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Michael G Gardiner
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Martin G Banwell
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Keats Nelms
- Beta Therapeutics Pty. Ltd. Level 6, 121 Marcus Clarke Street, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Renzi P, Azzi E, Lanfranco A, Moro R, Deagostino A. Visible Light as the Key for the Formation of Carbon–Sulfur Bonds in Sulfones, Thioethers, and Sulfonamides: An Update. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1509-5541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis review summarizes the most relevant advancements made in the photocatalyzed synthesis of sulfones, thioethers, and sulfonamides from 2017 to the beginning of 2021. Synthetic strategies towards the construction of sulfur–carbon bonds are discussed together with the proposed reaction mechanisms. Interestingly, sulfur-based functional groups, which are of fundamental importance for the pharmaceutical field, can be assembled by photocatalysis in an easy and straightforward way under milder reaction conditions employing less toxic and expensive sulfur sources in comparison with common strategies.1 Introduction2 Sulfones2.1 Sodium Sulfinates and Sulfinic Acids2.2 Sulfonyl Halides2.3 Sulfonyl Hydrazones2.4 Sulfur Dioxide Surrogates2.5 Miscellaneous3 Thioethers4 Sulfonamides5 Conclusions
Collapse
|
5
|
Cala L, García-Pedrero O, Rubio-Presa R, Fañanás FJ, Rodríguez F. Generation of alkoxysulfonyl radicals from chlorosulfates and their intramolecular capture with alkynes to obtain sultones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13425-13428. [PMID: 33043954 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06098d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented radical-mediated reaction of alkyne-containing chlorosulfates to synthesize sultones has been established. The reaction leads to the formation and subsequent capture of alkoxysulfonyl radicals, which are species known for a long time but not studied for synthetic purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Cala
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Olaya García-Pedrero
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Rubén Rubio-Presa
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Fañanás
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Félix Rodríguez
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hell SM, Meyer CF, Laudadio G, Misale A, Willis MC, Noël T, Trabanco AA, Gouverneur V. Silyl Radical-Mediated Activation of Sulfamoyl Chlorides Enables Direct Access to Aliphatic Sulfonamides from Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 142:720-725. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine M. Hell
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Claudio F. Meyer
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, Jarama 75A, Toledo E-45007, Spain
| | - Gabriele Laudadio
- Micro Flow Chemistry and Synthetic Methodology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Het Kranenveld, Bldg 14, Helix, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Misale
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, Jarama 75A, Toledo E-45007, Spain
| | - Michael C. Willis
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Noël
- Micro Flow Chemistry and Synthetic Methodology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Het Kranenveld, Bldg 14, Helix, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Andrés A. Trabanco
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, Jarama 75A, Toledo E-45007, Spain
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Desulfurization of dibenzothiophene and dibenzothiophene sulfone via Suzuki–Miyaura type reaction: Direct access to o-terphenyls and polyphenyl derivatives. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
8
|
Chatgilialoglu C, Ferreri C, Landais Y, Timokhin VI. Thirty Years of (TMS)3SiH: A Milestone in Radical-Based Synthetic Chemistry. Chem Rev 2018; 118:6516-6572. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla Ferreri
- ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Yannick Landais
- University of Bordeaux, Institute of Molecular Sciences, UMR-CNRS 5255, 351 cours de la libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Vitaliy I. Timokhin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1552 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53726, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Douglas JJ, Sevrin MJ, Cole KP, Stephenson CRJ. Preparative Scale Demonstration and Mechanistic Investigation of a Visible Light-Mediated Radical Smiles Rearrangement. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James J. Douglas
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Small Molecule
Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and
Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Martin J. Sevrin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Kevin P. Cole
- Small Molecule
Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and
Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Corey R. J. Stephenson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kamijo S, Tao K, Takao G, Murooka H, Murafuji T. Ether derivatization via two-step protocol comprised of photochemical ethereal C–H bond chlorination and nucleophilic substitution. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.02.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
11
|
Qrareya H, Protti S, Fagnoni M. Aryl Imidazylates and Aryl Sulfates As Electrophiles in Metal-Free ArSN1 Reactions. J Org Chem 2014; 79:11527-33. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502172c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Qrareya
- Photogreen
Lab, Department
of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- Photogreen
Lab, Department
of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- Photogreen
Lab, Department
of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zeng X, Beckers H, Willner H. Thermally Persistent Fluorosulfonyl Nitrene and Unexpected Formation of the Fluorosulfonyl Radical. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:2096-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja312073w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zeng
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, FB
C, Mathematik
und Naturwissenschaften, Fachgruppe Chemie, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Helmut Beckers
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, FB
C, Mathematik
und Naturwissenschaften, Fachgruppe Chemie, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Helge Willner
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, FB
C, Mathematik
und Naturwissenschaften, Fachgruppe Chemie, Wuppertal, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gardner KA, Kuehnert LL, Mayer JM. Hydrogen Atom Abstraction by Permanganate: Oxidations of Arylalkanes in Organic Solvents. Inorg Chem 1997; 36:2069-2078. [PMID: 11669825 DOI: 10.1021/ic961297y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidations of arylalkanes by (n)()Bu(4)NMnO(4) have been studied in toluene solvent: toluene, ethylbenzene, diphenylmethane, triphenylmethane, 9,10-dihydroanthracene, xanthene, and fluorene. Toluene is oxidized to benzoic acid and a small amount of benzaldehyde; other substrates give oxygenated and/or dehydrogenated products. The manganese product of all of the reactions is colloidal MnO(2). The kinetics of the reactions, monitored by UV/vis spectrometry, show that the initial reactions are first order in the concentrations of both (n)()Bu(4)NMnO(4) and substrate. No induction periods are observed. The same rate constants for toluene oxidation are observed in neat toluene and in o-dichlorobenzene solvent, within experimental errors. The presence of O(2) increases the rate of (n)()Bu(4)NMnO(4) disappearance. The reactions of toluene and dihydroanthracene exhibit primary isotope effects: k(C)()7(H)()8/k(C)()7(D)()8 = 6 (+/-1) at 45 degrees C and k(C)()14(H)()12/k(C)()14(D)()12 = 3.0 (+/-0.6) at 25 degrees C. The rates of oxidation of substituted toluenes show only small substituent effects. In the reactions of dihydroanthracene and fluorene, the MnO(2) product is consumed in a subsequent reaction that appears to form a charge-transfer complex. The rate-limiting step in all of the reactions is hydrogen atom transfer from the substrate to a permanganate oxo group. The enthalpies of activation for the different substrates are directly proportional to the DeltaH degrees for the hydrogen atom transfer step, as is typical of organic radical reactions. The ability of permanganate to abstract a hydrogen atom is explained on the basis of its ability to form an 80 +/- 3 kcal/mol bond to H(*), as calculated from a thermochemical cycle. (This bond strength is slightly lower than given in earlier calculations.) Rates of H(*) abstraction by (n)()Bu(4)NMnO(4) correlate with rates of abstraction by oxygen radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A. Gardner
- Department of Chemistry, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700
| | | | | |
Collapse
|