1
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Mackay AS, Maxwell JWC, Bedding MJ, Kulkarni SS, Byrne SA, Kambanis L, Popescu MV, Paton RS, Malins LR, Ashhurst AS, Corcilius L, Payne RJ. Electrochemical Modification of Polypeptides at Selenocysteine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202313037. [PMID: 37818778 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Mild strategies for the selective modification of peptides and proteins are in demand for applications in therapeutic peptide and protein discovery, and in the study of fundamental biomolecular processes. Herein, we describe the development of an electrochemical selenoetherification (e-SE) platform for the efficient site-selective functionalization of polypeptides. This methodology utilizes the unique reactivity of the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine, to effect formation of valuable bioconjugates through stable selenoether linkages under mild electrochemical conditions. The power of e-SE is highlighted through late-stage C-terminal modification of the FDA-approved cancer drug leuprolide and assembly of a library of anti-HER2 affibody conjugates bearing complex cargoes. Following assembly by e-SE, the utility of functionalized affibodies for in vitro imaging and targeting of HER2 positive breast and lung cancer cell lines is also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus S Mackay
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Joshua W C Maxwell
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Max J Bedding
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sameer S Kulkarni
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Stephen A Byrne
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lucas Kambanis
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Mihai V Popescu
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Robert S Paton
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Anneliese S Ashhurst
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Leo Corcilius
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Richard J Payne
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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2
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Whitefield C, Vo Y, Schwartz BD, Hepburn C, Ahmed FH, Onagi H, Banwell MG, Nelms K, Malins LR, Jackson CJ. Complex Inhibitory Mechanism of Glycomimetics with Heparanase. Biochemistry 2023. [PMID: 37368361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Heparanase (HPSE) is the only mammalian endo-β-glucuronidase known to catalyze the degradation of heparan sulfate. Dysfunction of HPSE activity has been linked to several disease states, resulting in HPSE becoming the target of numerous therapeutic programs, yet no drug has passed clinical trials to date. Pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) is a heterogeneous, FDA-approved drug for the treatment of interstitial cystitis and a known HPSE inhibitor. However, due to its heterogeneity, characterization of its mechanism of HPSE inhibition is challenging. Here, we show that inhibition of HPSE by PPS is complex, involving multiple overlapping binding events, each influenced by factors such as oligosaccharide length and inhibitor-induced changes in the protein secondary structure. The present work advances our molecular understanding of the inhibition of HPSE and will aid in the development of therapeutics for the treatment of a broad range of pathologies associated with enzyme dysfunction, including cancer, inflammatory disease, and viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassidy Whitefield
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Yen Vo
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Brett D Schwartz
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Caryn Hepburn
- Waters Australia Pty Ltd, 38-46 South Street, Rydalmere, New South Wales 2116, Australia
| | - F Hafna Ahmed
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Hideki Onagi
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Martin G Banwell
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Keats Nelms
- Beta Therapeutics Pty. Ltd. Level 6, 121 Marcus Clarke Street, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Colin J Jackson
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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3
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Palombi IR, Lawrence N, White AM, Gare CL, Craik DJ, McMorran BJ, Malins LR. Development of Antiplasmodial Peptide-Drug Conjugates Using a Human Protein-Derived Cell-Penetrating Peptide with Selectivity for Infected Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2023. [PMID: 37232456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Malaria continues to impose a global health burden. Drug-resistant parasites have emerged to each introduced small-molecule therapy, highlighting the need for novel treatment approaches for the future eradication of malaria. Herein, targeted drug delivery with peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) was investigated as an alternative antimalarial therapy, inspired by the success of emerging antibody-drug conjugates utilized in cancer treatment. A synthetic peptide derived from an innate human defense molecule was conjugated to the antimalarial drug primaquine (PQ) to produce PDCs with low micromolar potency toward Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. A suite of PDCs with different design features was developed to identify optimal conjugation site and investigate linker length, hydrophilicity, and cleavability. Conjugation within a flexible spacer region of the peptide, with a cleavable linker to liberate the PQ cargo, was important to retain activity of the peptide and drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella R Palombi
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, ACT, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, ACT, Australia
| | - Nicole Lawrence
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, QLD, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew M White
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, ACT, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, ACT, Australia
| | - Caitlin L Gare
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, ACT, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, ACT, Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, QLD, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Brendan J McMorran
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, ACT, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, ACT, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, ACT, Australia
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4
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Karipal Padinjare Veedu D, Connal LA, Malins LR. Fine-Tuning Electroauxiliary-Mediated Peptide Modifications Using Second-Generation Electroactive Amino Acids. Org Lett 2023; 25:3633-3638. [PMID: 37184435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Arylthioether functional groups serve as effective electroauxiliaries for tunable oxidations. Herein, we disclose the synthesis of second-generation glutamine building blocks bearing 2,4-dimethoxythiophenyl and 2,4-dichlorothiophenyl-derived electroauxiliaries. These building blocks improve SPPS efficiency and enable fine-tuning of the electrochemical window for selective anodic oxidation reactions in comparison to first-generation 4-methoxythiophenyl- and 4-nitrothiophenyl-substituted variants. Installation onto a segment of involucrin, a protein component of human skin, emphasizes the practical application of the new building blocks for iterative functionalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya Karipal Padinjare Veedu
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Luke A Connal
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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5
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Hammond JM, Gardiner MG, Malins LR. Amino Acid Sulfinate Salts as Alkyl Radical Precursors. Org Lett 2023; 25:3157-3162. [PMID: 37093619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
A general approach to the synthesis of amino acid sulfinate salts from commercially available α-chiral hydroxylated amino acids is reported. These reagents are shown to be valuable precursors to alkyl radicals under mild photochemical oxidation conditions. The photochemically generated amino acid radicals engage readily with alkyl and aryl disulfide radical traps to afford a diverse suite of modified amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Hammond
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Michael G Gardiner
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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6
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Karipal Padinjare Veedu D, Connal LA, Malins LR. Tunable Electrochemical Peptide Modifications: Unlocking New Levels of Orthogonality for Side-Chain Functionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215470. [PMID: 36336657 PMCID: PMC10107541 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical transformations provide enticing opportunities for programmable, residue-specific peptide modifications. Herein, we harness the potential of amidic side-chains as underutilized handles for late-stage modification through the development of an electroauxiliary-assisted oxidation of glutamine residues within unprotected peptides. Glutamine building blocks bearing electroactive side-chain N,S-acetals are incorporated into peptides using standard Fmoc-SPPS. Anodic oxidation of the electroauxiliary in the presence of diverse alcohol nucleophiles enables the installation of high-value N,O-acetal functionalities. Proof-of-principle for an electrochemical peptide stapling protocol, as well as the functionalization of dynorphin B, an endogenous opioid peptide, demonstrates the applicability of the method to intricate peptide systems. Finally, the site-selective and tunable electrochemical modification of a peptide bearing two discretely oxidizable sites is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya Karipal Padinjare Veedu
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Luke A Connal
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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7
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Larcombe CN, Malins LR. Accessing Diverse Cross-Benzoin and α-Siloxy Ketone Products via Acyl Substitution Chemistry. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9408-9413. [PMID: 35758296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An approach to diverse cross-benzoin and α-siloxy ketone products which leverages a simple yet underutilized C-C bond disconnection strategy is reported. Acyl substitution of readily accessible α-siloxy Weinreb amides with organolithium compounds enables access to a broad scope of aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl derivatives. Enantiopure benzoins can be accessed via a chiral pool approach, and the utility of accessible cross-benzoins and α-siloxy ketones is highlighted in a suite of downstream synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe N Larcombe
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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8
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Bell HJ, Malins LR. Peptide macrocyclisation via late-stage reductive amination. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6250-6256. [PMID: 35621075 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00782g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A two-component reductive amination approach to the synthesis of peptide macrocycles is reported which leverages the inherent reactivity of proteinogenic amine nucleophiles. Unprotected peptides bearing α-amine and side chain amine motifs undergo two-fold reductive amination reactions with 2,6-pyridinedialdehyde linkers in aqueous media to afford macrocyclic peptide products with backbone embedded pyridine motifs. Dialdehyde staples bearing valuable azide and alkyne handles also enable the post-cyclisation modification of peptides using copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden J Bell
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. .,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. .,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen D. Milewska
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R. Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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10
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Malins LR, Lin Y. Synthesis of Peptide N-Acylpyrroles via Anodically Generated N,O-Acetals. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1737411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAn electrochemical approach to peptide C-terminal N-acylpyrroles is described from readily accessible C-terminal hydroxyproline-containing peptides, prepared via standard Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis (Fmoc-SPPS). Following electrochemical decarboxylation, the reactive hydroxyproline-derived N,O-acetal intermediate is aromatized under mild acidic conditions, which enable concomitant deprotection of amino acid side-chain protecting groups. The resulting peptide N-acylpyrrole is amenable to late-stage peptide modifications, including reduction with NaBH4 to deliver a valuable C-terminal peptide aldehyde motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara R. Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University
| | - Yutong Lin
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University
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11
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White AM, Palombi IR, Malins LR. Umpolung strategies for the functionalization of peptides and proteins. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2809-2823. [PMID: 35382479 PMCID: PMC8905898 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06133j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Umpolung strategies, defined as synthetic approaches which reverse commonly accepted reactivity patterns, are broadly recognized as enabling tools for small molecule synthesis and catalysis. However, methods which exploit this logic for peptide and protein functionalizations are comparatively rare, with the overwhelming majority of existing bioconjugation approaches relying on the well-established reactivity profiles of a handful of amino acids. This perspective serves to highlight a small but growing body of recent work that masterfully capitalizes on the concept of polarity reversal for the selective modification of proteinogenic functionalities. Current applications of umpolung chemistry in organic synthesis and chemical biology as well as the vast potential for further innovations in peptide and protein modification will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M White
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Isabella R Palombi
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
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12
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Ayurini M, Chandler PG, O’Leary PD, Wang R, Rudd D, Milewska KD, Malins LR, Buckle AM, Hooper JF. Polymer End Group Control through a Decarboxylative Cobalt-Mediated Radical Polymerization: New Avenues for Synthesizing Peptide, Protein, and Nanomaterial Conjugates. JACS Au 2022; 2:169-177. [PMID: 35098233 PMCID: PMC8790747 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt-mediated radical polymerizations (CMRPs) have been initiated by the radical decarboxylation of tetrachlorophthalimide activated esters. This allows for the controlled radical polymerization of activated monomers across a broad temperature range with a single cobalt species, with the incorporation of polymer end groups derived from simple carboxylic acid derivatives and termination with an organozinc reagent. This method has been applied to the synthesis of a polymer/graphene conjugate and a water-soluble protein/polymer conjugate, demonstrating the first examples of CMRP in graphene and protein conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meri Ayurini
- Department
of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, 3800 Victoria, Australia
- Chemistry
Department, Universitas Pertamina, South Jakarta 12220, Indonesia
| | - Peter G. Chandler
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, 3800 Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul D. O’Leary
- Department
of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, 3800 Victoria, Australia
| | - Ruoxin Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, 3800 Victoria, Australia
| | - David Rudd
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Parkville, 3052 Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen D. Milewska
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National
University, Acton, 2601 Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Lara R. Malins
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National
University, Acton, 2601 Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Ashley M. Buckle
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, 3800 Victoria, Australia
| | - Joel F. Hooper
- Department
of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, 3800 Victoria, Australia
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13
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Schwartz BD, Smyth AP, Nashar PE, Gardiner MG, Malins LR. Investigating Bicyclobutane-Triazolinedione Cycloadditions as a Tool for Peptide Modification. Org Lett 2022; 24:1268-1273. [PMID: 35014844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acyl bicyclobutanes are shown to engage in strain-promoted cycloaddition reactions with a diverse array of triazolinedione reagents. The synthesis of an orthogonally protected urazole building block enabled the facile preparation of amino acid- and peptide-derived triazolinediones that undergo cycloaddition reactions to afford novel peptide conjugates. The additive-free and fully atom-economical nature of the transformation is a promising starting point for the generalization of this cycloaddition reaction for the functionalization of biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett D Schwartz
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Aidan P Smyth
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Philippe E Nashar
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Michael G Gardiner
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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14
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Abstract
Although electrochemical strategies for small-molecule synthesis are flourishing, this technology has yet to be fully exploited for the mild and chemoselective modification of peptides and proteins. With the growing number of diverse peptide natural products being identified and the emergence of modified proteins as therapeutic and diagnostic agents, methods for electrochemical modification stand as alluring prospects for harnessing the reactivity of polypeptides to build molecular complexity. As a mild and inherently tunable reaction platform, electrochemistry is arguably well-suited to overcome the chemo- and regioselectivity issues which limit existing bioconjugation strategies. This Perspective will showcase recently developed electrochemical approaches to peptide and protein modification. The article also highlights the wealth of untapped opportunities for the production of homogeneously modified biomolecules, with an eye toward realizing the enormous potential of electrochemistry for chemoselective bioconjugation chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus S Mackay
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Richard J Payne
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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15
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Abstract
Designer C-terminal peptide amides are accessed in an efficient and epimerization-free approach by pairing an electrochemical oxidative decarboxylation with a tandem hydrolysis/reduction pathway. Resembling Nature's dual enzymatic approach to bioactive primary α-amides, this method delivers secondary and tertiary amides bearing high-value functional motifs, including isotope labels and handles for bioconjugation. The protocol leverages the inherent reactivity of C-terminal carboxylates, is compatible with the vast majority of proteinogenic functional groups, and proceeds in the absence of epimerization, thus addressing major limitations associated with conventional coupling-based approaches. The utility of the method is exemplified through the synthesis of natural product acidiphilamide A via a key diastereoselective reduction, as well as bioactive peptides and associated analogues, including an anti-HIV lead peptide and blockbuster cancer therapeutic leuprolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Lin
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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16
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Vo Y, Schwartz BD, Onagi H, Ward JS, Gardiner MG, Banwell MG, Nelms K, Malins LR. A Rapid and Mild Sulfation Strategy Reveals Conformational Preferences in Therapeutically Relevant Sulfated Xylooligosaccharides. Chemistry 2021; 27:9830-9838. [PMID: 33880824 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Although sulfated xylooligosaccharides are promising therapeutic leads for a multitude of afflictions, the structural complexity and heterogeneity of commercially deployed forms (e. g. Pentosan polysulfate 1) complicates their path to further clinical development. We describe herein the synthesis of the largest homogeneous persulfated xylooligomers prepared to date, comprising up to eight xylose residues, as standards for biological studies. Near quantitative sulfation was accomplished using a remarkably mild and operationally simple protocol which avoids the need for high temperatures and a large excess of the sulfating reagent. Moreover, the sulfated xylooligomer standards so obtained enabled definitive identification of a pyridinium contaminant in a sample of a commercially prepared Pentosan drug and provided significant insights into the conformational preferences of the constituent persulfated monosaccharide residues. As the spatial distribution of sulfates is a key determinant of the binding of sulfated oligosaccharides to endogenous targets, these findings have broad implications for the advancement of Pentosan-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Vo
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Brett D Schwartz
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Hideki Onagi
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jas S Ward
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Michael G Gardiner
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Martin G Banwell
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Keats Nelms
- Beta Therapeutics Pty. Ltd. Level 6, 121 Marcus Clarke Street, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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17
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Lin Y, Malins LR. Total synthesis of biseokeaniamides A-C and late-stage electrochemically-enabled peptide analogue synthesis. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10752-10758. [PMID: 34094328 PMCID: PMC8162360 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03701j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The first total synthesis of cytotoxic cyanobacterial peptide natural products biseokeaniamides A-C is reported employing a robust solid-phase approach to peptide backbone construction followed by coupling of a key thiazole building block. To rapidly access natural product analogues, we have optimized an operationally simple electrochemical oxidative decarboxylation-nucleophilic addition pathway which exploits the reactivity of native C-terminal peptide carboxylates and abrogates the need for building block syntheses. Electrochemically-generated N,O-acetal intermediates are engaged with electron-rich aromatics and organometallic reagents to forge modified amino acids and peptides. The value of this late-stage modification method is highlighted by the expedient and divergent production of bioactive peptide analogues, including compounds which exhibit enhanced cytotoxicity relative to the biseokeaniamide natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Lin
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
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18
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Schwartz BD, Zhang MY, Attard RH, Gardiner MG, Malins LR. Structurally Diverse Acyl Bicyclobutanes: Valuable Strained Electrophiles. Chemistry 2020; 26:2808-2812. [PMID: 31823414 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes (BCBs) are highly strained carbocycles that have emerged as versatile synthetic tools, particularly for the construction of functionalized small molecules. This work reports two efficient pathways for the rapid preparation of over 20 structurally diverse BCB ketones, encompassing simple alkyl and aryl derivatives, as well as unprecedented amino acid, dipeptide, bioisostere, and bifunctional linchpin reagents currently inaccessible using literature methods. Analogues are readily forged in two steps and in high yields from simple carboxylic acids or through unsymmetrical ketone synthesis beginning with a convenient carbonyl dication equivalent. The utility of this novel toolbox of strained electrophiles for the selective modification of proteinogenic nucleophiles is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett D Schwartz
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Meng Yao Zhang
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Riley H Attard
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Michael G Gardiner
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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Abstract
The application of designer peptides in medicinal chemistry, chemical biology, and materials science has generated new interest in synthetic methods for the structural modification of amino acids. Strategies which facilitate the direct diversification of proteinogenic functional groups within unprotected peptide substrates are particularly attractive as they leverage modern solution- and solid-phase protocols-tools which are now both robust and routine-for the synthesis of native peptides. Accordingly, a recent approach to the decarboxylative functionalization of peptidic carboxylic acids, including aspartic/glutamic acid residues and α-carboxylic acids, has proven to be a promising new strategy for peptide modification. This synthetic method merges conventional strategies for the activation of carboxylic acids with transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling chemistry to forge new C-C bonds for the late-stage introduction of valuable synthetic handles. This chapter details a step-by-step protocol for the activation and nickel-catalyzed decarboxylative alkylation of a simple peptide substrate to highlight the broad utility of this strategy for the synthesis of designer peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yao Zhang
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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20
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Noisier AFM, Johansson MJ, Knerr L, Hayes MA, Drury WJ, Valeur E, Malins LR, Gopalakrishnan R. Late‐Stage Functionalization of Histidine in Unprotected Peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs F. M. Noisier
- Medicinal Chemistry Research and Early Development Cardiovascular Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceutical R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Magnus J. Johansson
- Medicinal Chemistry Research and Early Development Cardiovascular Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceutical R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Laurent Knerr
- Medicinal Chemistry Research and Early Development Cardiovascular Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceutical R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Martin A. Hayes
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceutical R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - William J. Drury
- Medicinal Chemistry Research and Early Development Cardiovascular Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceutical R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Eric Valeur
- Medicinal Chemistry Research and Early Development Cardiovascular Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceutical R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Lara R. Malins
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Acton ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Ranganath Gopalakrishnan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research and Early Development Cardiovascular Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceutical R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development Respiratory Inflammation and Autoimmune, BioPharmaceutical R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
- AstraZeneca MPI Satellite Unit Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology Dortmund Germany
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21
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Noisier AFM, Johansson MJ, Knerr L, Hayes MA, Drury WJ, Valeur E, Malins LR, Gopalakrishnan R. Late‐Stage Functionalization of Histidine in Unprotected Peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:19096-19102. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs F. M. Noisier
- Medicinal ChemistryResearch and Early Development CardiovascularRenal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceutical R&DAstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Magnus J. Johansson
- Medicinal ChemistryResearch and Early Development CardiovascularRenal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceutical R&DAstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Laurent Knerr
- Medicinal ChemistryResearch and Early Development CardiovascularRenal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceutical R&DAstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Martin A. Hayes
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceutical R&DAstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - William J. Drury
- Medicinal ChemistryResearch and Early Development CardiovascularRenal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceutical R&DAstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Eric Valeur
- Medicinal ChemistryResearch and Early Development CardiovascularRenal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceutical R&DAstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Lara R. Malins
- Research School of ChemistryAustralian National University Acton ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Ranganath Gopalakrishnan
- Medicinal ChemistryResearch and Early Development CardiovascularRenal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceutical R&DAstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development RespiratoryInflammation and Autoimmune, BioPharmaceutical R&DAstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
- AstraZeneca MPI Satellite UnitMax Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology Dortmund Germany
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22
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Qin T, Malins LR, Edwards JT, Merchant RR, Novak AJE, Zhong JZ, Mills RB, Yan M, Yuan C, Eastgate MD, Baran PS. Berichtigung: Nickel-Catalyzed Barton Decarboxylation and Giese Reactions: A Practical Take on Classic Transforms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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Qin T, Malins LR, Edwards JT, Merchant RR, Novak AJE, Zhong JZ, Mills RB, Yan M, Yuan C, Eastgate MD, Baran PS. Corrigendum: Nickel-Catalyzed Barton Decarboxylation and Giese Reactions: A Practical Take on Classic Transforms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:1866. [PMID: 30714686 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yao Zhang
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R. Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jas S. Ward
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
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25
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Malins LR. Peptide modification and cyclization via transition-metal catalysis. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2018; 46:25-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara R. Malins
- Research School of Chemistry; Australian National University; Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
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27
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deGruyter JN, Malins LR, Wimmer L, Clay KJ, Lopez-Ogalla J, Qin T, Cornella J, Liu Z, Che G, Bao D, Stevens JM, Qiao JX, Allen MP, Poss MA, Baran PS. CITU: A Peptide and Decarboxylative Coupling Reagent. Org Lett 2017; 19:6196-6199. [PMID: 29115835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tetrachloro-N-hydroxyphthalimide tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (CITU) is disclosed as a convenient and economical reagent for both acylation and decarboxylative cross-coupling chemistries. Within the former set of reactions, CITU displays reactivity similar to that of common coupling reagents, but with increased safety and reduced cost. Within the latter, increased yields, more rapid conversion, and a simplified procedure are possible across a range of reported decarboxylative transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine N deGruyter
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Lara R Malins
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Laurin Wimmer
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Khalyd J Clay
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Javier Lopez-Ogalla
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Tian Qin
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Josep Cornella
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- Asymchem Laboratories, (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. , TEDA, Tianjin 200457, P. R. China
| | - Guanda Che
- Asymchem Laboratories, (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. , TEDA, Tianjin 200457, P. R. China
| | - Denghui Bao
- Asymchem Laboratories, (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. , TEDA, Tianjin 200457, P. R. China
| | - Jason M Stevens
- Chemistry and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb , 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Jennifer X Qiao
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Martin P Allen
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Michael A Poss
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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28
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Smith JM, Qin T, Merchant RR, Edwards JT, Malins LR, Liu Z, Che G, Shen Z, Shaw SA, Eastgate MD, Baran PS. Decarboxylative Alkynylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11906-11910. [PMID: 28636185 PMCID: PMC5792189 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of a new decarboxylative cross-coupling method that affords terminal and substituted alkynes from various carboxylic acids is described using both nickel- and iron-based catalysts. The use of N-hydroxytetrachlorophthalimide (TCNHPI) esters is crucial to the success of the transformation, and the reaction is amenable to in situ carboxylic acid activation. Additionally, an inexpensive, commercially available alkyne source is employed in this formal homologation process that serves as a surrogate for other well-established alkyne syntheses. The reaction is operationally simple and broad in scope while providing succinct and scalable avenues to previously reported synthetic intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M Smith
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Tian Qin
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Rohan R Merchant
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jacob T Edwards
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Lara R Malins
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- Asymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
| | - Guanda Che
- Asymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
| | - Zichao Shen
- Asymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
| | - Scott A Shaw
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 350 Carter Road, Hopewell, NJ, 08540, USA
| | - Martin D Eastgate
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Phil S Baran
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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29
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Smith JM, Qin T, Merchant RR, Edwards JT, Malins LR, Liu Z, Che G, Shen Z, Shaw SA, Eastgate MD, Baran PS. Decarboxylative Alkynylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel M. Smith
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI); North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Tian Qin
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI); North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Rohan R. Merchant
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI); North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Jacob T. Edwards
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI); North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Lara R. Malins
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI); North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- Asymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd.; TEDA; Tianjin 300457 P.R. China
| | - Guanda Che
- Asymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd.; TEDA; Tianjin 300457 P.R. China
| | - Zichao Shen
- Asymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd.; TEDA; Tianjin 300457 P.R. China
| | - Scott A. Shaw
- Discovery Chemistry; Bristol-Myers Squibb; 350 Carter Road Hopewell NJ 08540 USA
| | - Martin D. Eastgate
- Chemical Development; Bristol-Myers Squibb; One Squibb Drive New Brunswick NJ 08903 USA
| | - Phil S. Baran
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI); North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
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30
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Abstract
Advances in bioconjugation and native protein modification are appearing at a blistering pace, making it increasingly time consuming for practitioners to identify the best chemical method for modifying a specific amino acid residue in a complex setting. The purpose of this perspective is to provide an informative, graphically rich manual highlighting significant advances in the field over the past decade. This guide will help triage candidate methods for peptide alteration and will serve as a starting point for those seeking to solve long-standing challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine N. deGruyter
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Lara R. Malins
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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31
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Edwards JT, Merchant RR, McClymont KS, Knouse KW, Qin T, Malins LR, Vokits B, Shaw SA, Bao DH, Wei FL, Zhou T, Eastgate MD, Baran PS. Decarboxylative alkenylation. Nature 2017; 545:213-218. [PMID: 28424520 PMCID: PMC5478194 DOI: 10.1038/nature22307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Olefin chemistry, through pericyclic reactions, polymerizations, oxidations, or reductions, plays an essential role in the foundation of how organic matter is manipulated.1 Despite its importance, olefin synthesis still largely relies upon chemistry invented more than three decades ago, with metathesis2 being the most recent addition. Here we describe a simple method to access olefins with any substitution pattern or geometry from one of the most ubiquitous and variegated building blocks of chemistry: alkyl carboxylic acids. The same activating principles used in amide-bond synthesis can thus be employed, under Ni- or Fe-based catalysis, to extract CO2 from a carboxylic acid and economically replace it with an organozinc-derived olefin on mole scale. Over sixty olefins across a range of substrate classes are prepared, and the ability to simplify retrosynthetic analysis is exemplified with the preparation of sixteen different natural products across a range of ten different families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Edwards
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Rohan R Merchant
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Kyle S McClymont
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Kyle W Knouse
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Tian Qin
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Lara R Malins
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Benjamin Vokits
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 350 Carter Road, Hopewell, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - Scott A Shaw
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 350 Carter Road, Hopewell, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - Deng-Hui Bao
- Asymchem Life Science (Tianjin), Tianjin Economic-technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Fu-Liang Wei
- Asymchem Life Science (Tianjin), Tianjin Economic-technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Asymchem Life Science (Tianjin), Tianjin Economic-technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Martin D Eastgate
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, USA
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Malins LR, deGruyter JN, Robbins KJ, Scola PM, Eastgate MD, Ghadiri MR, Baran PS. Peptide Macrocyclization Inspired by Non-Ribosomal Imine Natural Products. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:5233-5241. [PMID: 28326777 PMCID: PMC5391502 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A thermodynamic approach to peptide macrocyclization inspired by the cyclization of non-ribosomal peptide aldehydes is presented. The method provides access to structurally diverse macrocycles by exploiting the reactivity of transient macrocyclic peptide imines toward inter- and intramolecular nucleophiles. Reactions are performed in aqueous media, in the absence of side chain protecting groups, and are tolerant of all proteinogenic functional groups. Macrocyclic products bearing non-native and rigidifying structural motifs, isotopic labels, and a variety of bioorthogonal handles are prepared, along with analogues of four distinct natural products. Structural interrogation of the linear and macrocyclic peptides using variable-temperature NMR and circular dichroism suggests that preorganization of linear substrates is not a prerequisite for macrocyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara R Malins
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Justine N deGruyter
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Kevin J Robbins
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development , 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
| | - Paul M Scola
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development , 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
| | - Martin D Eastgate
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb , One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - M Reza Ghadiri
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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33
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Lopchuk JM, Fjelbye K, Kawamata Y, Malins LR, Pan CM, Gianatassio R, Wang J, Prieto L, Bradow J, Brandt TA, Collins MR, Elleraas J, Ewanicki J, Farrell W, Fadeyi OO, Gallego GM, Mousseau JJ, Oliver R, Sach NW, Smith JK, Spangler JE, Zhu H, Zhu J, Baran PS. Strain-Release Heteroatom Functionalization: Development, Scope, and Stereospecificity. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:3209-3226. [PMID: 28140573 PMCID: PMC5334783 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Driven by the ever-increasing pace
of drug discovery and the need
to push the boundaries of unexplored chemical space, medicinal chemists
are routinely turning to unusual strained bioisosteres such
as bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane, azetidine, and cyclobutane to modify their
lead compounds. Too often, however, the difficulty of installing these
fragments surpasses the challenges posed even by the construction
of the parent drug scaffold. This full account describes the development
and application of a general strategy where spring-loaded, strained
C–C and C–N bonds react with amines to allow for the
“any-stage” installation of small, strained ring systems.
In addition to the functionalization of small building blocks and
late-stage intermediates, the methodology has been applied to bioconjugation
and peptide labeling. For the first time, the stereospecific strain-release
“cyclopentylation” of amines, alcohols, thiols,
carboxylic acids, and other heteroatoms is introduced. This report
describes the development, synthesis, scope of reaction, bioconjugation,
and synthetic comparisons of four new chiral “cyclopentylation”
reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Lopchuk
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Kasper Fjelbye
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yu Kawamata
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Lara R Malins
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Chung-Mao Pan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ryan Gianatassio
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Liher Prieto
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - James Bradow
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Thomas A Brandt
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Michael R Collins
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jeff Elleraas
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jason Ewanicki
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - William Farrell
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Olugbeminiyi O Fadeyi
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Gary M Gallego
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - James J Mousseau
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Robert Oliver
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Neal W Sach
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jason K Smith
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jillian E Spangler
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Huichin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jinjiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc. , 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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34
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Qin T, Malins LR, Edwards JT, Merchant RR, Novak AJE, Zhong JZ, Mills RB, Yan M, Yuan C, Eastgate MD, Baran PS. Nickel-Catalyzed Barton Decarboxylation and Giese Reactions: A Practical Take on Classic Transforms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:260-265. [PMID: 27981703 PMCID: PMC5295468 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two named reactions of fundamental importance and paramount utility in organic synthesis have been reinvestigated, the Barton decarboxylation and Giese radical conjugate addition. N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) based redox-active esters were found to be convenient starting materials for simple, thermal, Ni-catalyzed radical formation and subsequent trapping with either a hydrogen atom source (PhSiH3 ) or an electron-deficient olefin. These reactions feature operational simplicity, inexpensive reagents, and enhanced scope as evidenced by examples in the realm of peptide chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qin
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Lara R Malins
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jacob T Edwards
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Rohan R Merchant
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Alexander J E Novak
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jacob Z Zhong
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Riley B Mills
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ming Yan
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Changxia Yuan
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Martin D Eastgate
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Phil S Baran
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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35
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Qin T, Malins LR, Edwards JT, Merchant RR, Novak AJE, Zhong JZ, Mills RB, Yan M, Yuan C, Eastgate MD, Baran PS. Nickel‐Catalyzed Barton Decarboxylation and Giese Reactions: A Practical Take on Classic Transforms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201609662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qin
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Lara R. Malins
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Jacob T. Edwards
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Rohan R. Merchant
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | | | - Jacob Z. Zhong
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Riley B. Mills
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Ming Yan
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Changxia Yuan
- Chemical Development Bristol-Myers Squibb One Squibb Drive New Brunswick NJ 08903 USA
| | - Martin D. Eastgate
- Chemical Development Bristol-Myers Squibb One Squibb Drive New Brunswick NJ 08903 USA
| | - Phil S. Baran
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
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36
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Mitchell NJ, Kulkarni SS, Malins LR, Wang S, Payne RJ. One-Pot Ligation-Oxidative Deselenization at Selenocysteine and Selenocystine. Chemistry 2016; 23:946-952. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sameer S. Kulkarni
- School of Chemistry; The University of Sydney; Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Lara R. Malins
- School of Chemistry; The University of Sydney; Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Siyao Wang
- School of Chemistry; The University of Sydney; Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Richard J. Payne
- School of Chemistry; The University of Sydney; Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
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37
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Qin T, Cornella J, Li C, Malins LR, Edwards JT, Kawamura S, Maxwell BD, Eastgate MD, Baran PS. A general alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling enabled by redox-active esters and alkylzinc reagents. Science 2016; 352:801-5. [PMID: 27103669 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf6123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 521] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Alkyl carboxylic acids are ubiquitous in all facets of chemical science, from natural products to polymers, and represent an ideal starting material with which to forge new connections. This study demonstrates how the same activating principles used for decades to make simple C-N (amide) bonds from carboxylic acids with loss of water can be used to make C-C bonds through coupling with dialkylzinc reagents and loss of carbon dioxide. This disconnection strategy benefits from the use of a simple, inexpensive nickel catalyst and exhibits a remarkably broad scope across a range of substrates (>70 examples).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qin
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Josep Cornella
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Lara R Malins
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jacob T Edwards
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Shuhei Kawamura
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Brad D Maxwell
- Discovery Chemistry Platforms-Radiochemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Post Office Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Martin D Eastgate
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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38
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Gianatassio R, Lopchuk JM, Wang J, Pan CM, Malins LR, Prieto L, Brandt TA, Collins MR, Gallego GM, Sach NW, Spangler JE, Zhu H, Zhu J, Baran PS. Organic chemistry. Strain-release amination. Science 2016; 351:241-6. [PMID: 26816372 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad6252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
To optimize drug candidates, modern medicinal chemists are increasingly turning to an unconventional structural motif: small, strained ring systems. However, the difficulty of introducing substituents such as bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes, azetidines, or cyclobutanes often outweighs the challenge of synthesizing the parent scaffold itself. Thus, there is an urgent need for general methods to rapidly and directly append such groups onto core scaffolds. Here we report a general strategy to harness the embedded potential energy of effectively spring-loaded C-C and C-N bonds with the most oft-encountered nucleophiles in pharmaceutical chemistry, amines. Strain-release amination can diversify a range of substrates with a multitude of desirable bioisosteres at both the early and late stages of a synthesis. The technique has also been applied to peptide labeling and bioconjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Gianatassio
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Justin M Lopchuk
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chung-Mao Pan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Lara R Malins
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Liher Prieto
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Thomas A Brandt
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Michael R Collins
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Gary M Gallego
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Neal W Sach
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Jillian E Spangler
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Huichin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Jinjiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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39
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Isahak N, Gody G, Malins LR, Mitchell NJ, Payne RJ, Perrier S. Single addition of an allylamine monomer enables access to end-functionalized RAFT polymers for native chemical ligation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:12952-12955. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06010b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A novel method for the introduction of a single protected amine-functional monomer at the chain end of RAFT polymers has been developed to enable native chemical ligation with peptide thioesters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillaume Gody
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
| | | | | | | | - Sébastien Perrier
- School of Chemistry
- The University of Sydney
- Australia
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Warwick
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40
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Abstract
Transition metal-mediated arylation chemistry is emerging as a powerful tool for the selective modification of native peptides and proteins, providing new opportunities in the field of bioconjugation. This highlight paper will summarize recent methodologies for the regio- and chemoselective arylation of select proteinogenic side chains and backbone amide N–H bonds within unprotected peptides and proteins. The importance of the metal–ligand complex in achieving tunable selectivity and the inherent benefits of arylation as a mode of covalent protein modification will be highlighted.
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41
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Mitchell NJ, Malins LR, Liu X, Thompson RE, Chan B, Radom L, Payne RJ. Rapid Additive-Free Selenocystine–Selenoester Peptide Ligation. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:14011-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b07237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lara R. Malins
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Xuyu Liu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Robert E. Thompson
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Bun Chan
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Leo Radom
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Richard J. Payne
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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42
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Sayers J, Thompson RE, Perry KJ, Malins LR, Payne RJ. Thiazolidine-Protected β-Thiol Asparagine: Applications in One-Pot Ligation–Desulfurization Chemistry. Org Lett 2015; 17:4902-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Sayers
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Robert E. Thompson
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Kristen J. Perry
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Lara R. Malins
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Richard J. Payne
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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43
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Malins LR, Mitchell NJ, McGowan S, Payne RJ. Oxidative Deselenization of Selenocysteine: Applications for Programmed Ligation at Serine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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44
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Malins LR, Mitchell NJ, McGowan S, Payne RJ. Oxidative Deselenization of Selenocysteine: Applications for Programmed Ligation at Serine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12716-21. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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45
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Malins LR, Giltrap AM, Dowman LJ, Payne RJ. Synthesis of β-Thiol Phenylalanine for Applications in One-Pot Ligation–Desulfurization Chemistry. Org Lett 2015; 17:2070-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lara R. Malins
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Andrew M. Giltrap
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Luke J. Dowman
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Richard J. Payne
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
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46
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Abstract
Native chemical ligation is a powerful tool for the convergent assembly of homogeneous peptide and protein targets from unprotected peptide fragments. The method involves the chemoselective coupling of a peptide thioester with a peptide bearing an N-terminal cysteine (Cys) residue and is mediated by the nucleophilic Cys thiol functionality. A widely adopted extension of the technique for the disconnection of protein targets at alanine (Ala) ligation junctions has been the application of post-ligation desulfurization protocols for the mild removal of the Cys thiol moiety. Recently, attention has turned to the construction of synthetic amino acid building blocks bearing suitably positioned β-, γ-, or δ-thiol ligation auxiliaries with a view to expanding the scope of the ligation–desulfurization manifold. To date, several thiol-derived amino acids have been prepared, greatly increasing the generality and flexibility of chemoselective ligation technologies for the chemical synthesis of diverse protein targets. This review will highlight the current synthetic approaches to these important amino acid building blocks.
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47
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Liu X, Malins LR, Roche M, Sterjovski J, Duncan R, Garcia ML, Barnes NC, Anderson DA, Stone MJ, Gorry PR, Payne RJ. Site-selective solid-phase synthesis of a CCR5 sulfopeptide library to interrogate HIV binding and entry. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:2074-81. [PMID: 24963694 PMCID: PMC4168781 DOI: 10.1021/cb500337r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Tyrosine (Tyr) sulfation is a common
post-translational modification
that is implicated in a variety of important biological processes,
including the fusion and entry of human immunodeficiency virus type-1
(HIV-1). A number of sulfated Tyr (sTyr) residues on the N-terminus
of the CCR5 chemokine receptor are involved in a crucial binding interaction
with the gp120 HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein. Despite the established
importance of these sTyr residues, the exact structural and functional
role of this post-translational modification in HIV-1 infection is
not fully understood. Detailed biological studies are hindered in
part by the difficulty in accessing homogeneous sulfopeptides and
sulfoproteins through biological expression and established synthetic
techniques. Herein we describe an efficient approach to the synthesis
of sulfopeptides bearing discrete sulfation patterns through the divergent,
site-selective incorporation of sTyr residues on solid support. By
employing three orthogonally protected Tyr building blocks and a solid-phase
sulfation protocol, we demonstrate the synthesis of a library of target
N-terminal CCR5(2-22) sulfoforms bearing discrete and differential
sulfation at Tyr10, Tyr14, and Tyr15, from a single resin-bound intermediate.
We demonstrate the importance of distinct sites of Tyr sulfation in
binding gp120 through a competitive binding assay between the synthetic
CCR5 sulfopeptides and an anti-gp120 monoclonal antibody. These studies
revealed a critical role of sulfation at Tyr14 for binding and a possible
additional role for sulfation at Tyr10. N-terminal CCR5 variants bearing
a sTyr residue at position 14 were also found to complement viral
entry into cells expressing an N-terminally truncated CCR5 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyu Liu
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lara R. Malins
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Michael Roche
- Centre
for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department
of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Jasminka Sterjovski
- Centre
for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department
of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Renee Duncan
- Centre
for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Mary L. Garcia
- Centre
for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Nadine C. Barnes
- Centre
for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - David A. Anderson
- Centre
for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Martin J. Stone
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Paul R. Gorry
- Centre
for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department
of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Richard J. Payne
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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48
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49
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Abstract
An efficient methodology for ligation at glutamate (Glu) is described. A γ-thiol-Glu building block was accessed in only three steps from protected glutamic acid and could be incorporated at the N-terminus of peptides. The application of these peptides in one-pot ligation-desulfurization chemistry is demonstrated with a range of peptide thioesters, and the utility of this methodology is highlighted through the synthesis of the osteoporosis peptide drug teriparatide (Forteo).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie M Cergol
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney , NSW 2006, Australia
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50
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Malins LR, Mitchell NJ, Payne RJ. Peptide ligation chemistry at selenol amino acids. J Pept Sci 2013; 20:64-77. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lara R. Malins
- School of Chemistry; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | | | - Richard J. Payne
- School of Chemistry; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
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