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Guan L, Zhou Y, Li X, Mao Y, Li A, Fu Y, Liu W, Dong S, Liang Z, Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Zhang L. ON-OFF Fluorescent Cyanine Dye Based on a Benzothiophenyl Rotor Enables Selective Illumination of G-Quadruplexes in Mitochondria. Anal Chem 2023. [PMID: 37290004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conventional cyanine dyes exist as "always-on" fluorescent probes leading to inevitable background signals which often limit their performance and scope of applications. To develop specific fluorescent probes with high sensitivity and robust OFF/ON switching for targeting G4s, we introduced aromatic heterocycles through conjugation with polymethine chains to construct a rotor-π system. Here, a universal strategy is presented to synthesize pentamethine cyanines with different aromatic heterocycle substituents on the meso-polymethine chain. In these probes, SN-Cy5-S is self-quenched in aqueous solution due to H-aggregation. The structure indicates that SN-Cy5-S with a flexible meso-benzothiophenyl rotor conjugated to the cyanine backbone matches adaptively with G-tetrad planes, enhancing π-π stacking and resulting in triggered fluorescence. This allows recognition of G-quadruplexes due to the synergy of disaggregation-induced emission (DIE) and inhibited twisted intramolecular charge-transfer effects. This combination leads to a robust lighting-up fluorescence response for c-myc G4 with superior fluorescence enhancement (98-fold), allowing for a low detection limit of 1.51 nM, which is much more sensitive than the previously reported DIE-based G4 probes (22-83.5 nM). In addition, the superior imaging properties and rapid internalization time (5 min) in mitochondria allow SN-Cy5-S to also have a high potential for mitochondrially targeting anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xiao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yongbao Mao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Anyang Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yile Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Wen Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Sheying Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yukui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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Alachouzos G, Schulte AM, Mondal A, Szymanski W, Feringa BL. Computational Design, Synthesis, and Photochemistry of Cy7-PPG, an Efficient NIR-Activated Photolabile Protecting Group for Therapeutic Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201308. [PMID: 35181979 PMCID: PMC9311213 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Photolabile Protecting Groups (PPGs) are molecular tools used, for example, in photopharmacology for the activation of drugs with light, enabling spatiotemporal control over their potency. Yet, red-shifting of PPG activation wavelengths into the NIR range, which penetrates the deepest in tissue, has often yielded inefficient or insoluble molecules, hindering the use of PPGs in the clinic. To solve this problem, we report herein a novel concept in PPG design, by transforming clinically-applied NIR-dyes with suitable molecular orbital configurations into new NIR-PPGs using computational approaches. Using this method, we demonstrate how Cy7, a class of NIR dyes possessing ideal properties (NIR-absorption, high molecular absorptivity, excellent aqueous solubility) can be successfully converted into Cy7-PPG. We report a facile synthesis towards Cy7-PPG from accessible precursors and confirm its excellent properties as the most redshifted oxygen-independent NIR-PPG to date (λmax =746 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Alachouzos
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for ChemistryFaculty for Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Albert M. Schulte
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for ChemistryFaculty for Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Anirban Mondal
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for ChemistryFaculty for Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Department of RadiologyMedical Imaging CenterUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for ChemistryFaculty for Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
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3
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Medeiros NG, Braga CA, Câmara VS, Duarte RC, Rodembusch FS. Near‐infrared fluorophores based on heptamethine cyanine dyes: from their synthesis and photophysical properties to recent optical sensing and bioimaging applications. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natália G Medeiros
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Organic Chemistry Av. Bento Goncalves 9500. Bairro Agronomia 91501-970 Porto Alegre BRAZIL
| | - Cláudia A. Braga
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Organic Chemistry Av. Bento Goncalves 9500. Bairro Agronomia 91501-970 Porto Alegre BRAZIL
| | - Viktor S Câmara
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Organic Chemistry Av. Bento Goncalves 9500. Bairro Agronomia 91501-970 Porto Alegre BRAZIL
| | - Rodrigo C Duarte
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Organic Chemistry Av. Bento Goncalves 9500. Bairro Agronomia 91501-970 Porto Alegre BRAZIL
| | - Fabiano Severo Rodembusch
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Organic Chemistry Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500Bairro Agronomia 91501-970 Porto Alegre BRAZIL
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4
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Alachouzos G, Schulte AM, Mondal A, Szymanski W, Feringa BL. Computational Design, Synthesis, and Photochemistry of Cy7PPG, an Efficient NIR‐Activated Photolabile Protecting Group for Therapeutic Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Alachouzos
- Groningen University Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Faculty of Science and Engineering Stratingh Institute for Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Albert M. Schulte
- Groningen University Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Faculty of Science and Engineering Stratingh Institute for Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Anirban Mondal
- Groningen University Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Faculty of Science and Engineering Stratingh Institute for Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- University Medical Centre Groningen: Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen Department of Radiology NETHERLANDS
| | - Ben L Feringa
- University of Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen NETHERLANDS
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5
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Zhang L, Jia H, Liu X, Zou Y, Sun J, Liu M, Jia S, Liu N, Li Y, Wang Q. Heptamethine Cyanine–Based Application for Cancer Theranostics. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:764654. [PMID: 35222006 PMCID: PMC8874131 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.764654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the most common life-threatening malignant disease. The future of personalized cancer treatments relies on the development of functional agents that have tumor-targeted anticancer activities and can be detected in tumors through imaging. Cyanines, especially heptamethine cyanine (Cy7), have prospective application because of their excellent tumor-targeting capacity, high quantum yield, low tissue autofluorescence, long absorption wavelength, and low background interference. In this review, the application of Cy7 and its derivatives in tumors is comprehensively explored. Cy7 is enormously acknowledged in the field of non-invasive therapy that can “detect” and “kill” tumor cells via near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging, photothermal therapy (PTT), and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Furthermore, Cy7 is more available and has excellent properties in cancer theranostics by the presence of multifunctional nanoparticles via fulfilling multimodal imaging and combination therapy simultaneously. This review provides a comprehensive scope of Cy7’s application for cancer NIRF imaging, phototherapy, nanoprobe-based combination therapy in recent years. A deeper understanding of the application of imaging and treatment underlying Cy7 in cancer may provide new strategies for drug development based on cyanine. Thus, the review will lead the way to new types with optical properties and practical transformation to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Hang Jia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xuqian Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yaxin Zou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jiayi Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengyu Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shuangshuang Jia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Obstetrics Department, Kaifeng Maternity Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yanzhang Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Qun Wang, ; Yanzhang Li,
| | - Qun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Qun Wang, ; Yanzhang Li,
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6
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Exner RM, Cortezon‐Tamarit F, Pascu SI. Explorations into the Effect of meso-Substituents in Tricarbocyanine Dyes: A Path to Diverse Biomolecular Probes and Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6230-6241. [PMID: 32959963 PMCID: PMC7985877 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polymethine cyanine dyes have been widely recognized as promising chemical tools for a range of life science and biomedical applications, such as fluorescent staining of DNA and proteins in gel electrophoresis, fluorescence guided surgery, or as ratiometric probes for probing biochemical pathways. The photophysical properties of such dyes can be tuned through the synthetic modification of the conjugated backbone, for example, by altering aromatic cores or by varying the length of the conjugated polymethine chain. Alternative routes to shaping the absorption, emission, and photostability of dyes of this family are centered around the chemical modifications on the polymethine chain. This Minireview aims to discuss strategies for the introduction of substituents in the meso-position, their effect on the photophysical properties of these dyes and some structure-activity correlations which could help overcome common limitations in the state of the art in the synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger M. Exner
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | | | - Sofia I. Pascu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
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7
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Exner RM, Cortezon‐Tamarit F, Pascu SI. Explorations into the Effect of
meso
‐Substituents in Tricarbocyanine Dyes: A Path to Diverse Biomolecular Probes and Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger M. Exner
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | | | - Sofia I. Pascu
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
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8
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Zhang L, Zhang Z, Liu C, Zhang X, Fan Q, Wu W, Jiang X. NIR-II Dye-Labeled Cylindrical Polymer Brushes for in Vivo Imaging. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:1623-1628. [PMID: 35619383 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although many types of second near-infrared (NIR-II) dyes have been developed, the NIR-II dye bearing a single reactive group, which is indispensable for specifically labeling nanomaterials or biofunctional molecules, is still lacking. In this work, a donor-acceptor-donor type NIR-II dye named IR1032 bearing an amino group was synthesized and used to covalently label cylindrical polymer brushes. The labeled polymer brushes (named brushes1032) had densely grafted poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains and exhibited a wormlike morphology. In aqueous medium, brushes1032 had an emission peak at 1032 nm and a quantum yield (QY) of ∼0.13% measured with IR 26 as a reference (QY = 0.05%). We demonstrated that the dense PEG chains in brushes1032 were greatly favorable for their QY by separating the fluorophores and shielding them from the interactions with water. After being injected intravenously into tumor-bearing mice, brushes1032 showed high tumor accumulation and provided high-resolution fluorescence imaging, exhibiting great application potentials in tumor detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling’e Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengkui Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changren Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoke Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quli Fan
- Key Lab Organ Elect and Informat Displays, Nanjing University Posts and Telecommun, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiqun Jiang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Cao S, Tang R, Sudlow G, Wang Z, Liu K, Luan J, Tadepalli S, Seth A, Achilefu S, Singamaneni S. Shape-Dependent Biodistribution of Biocompatible Silk Microcapsules. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:5499-5508. [PMID: 30640448 PMCID: PMC7063564 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Microcapsules are emerging as promising microsize drug carriers due to their remarkable deformability. Shape plays a dominant role in determining their vascular transportation. Herein, we explored the effect of the shape of the microcapsules on the in vivo biodistribution for rational design of microcapsules to achieve optimized targeting efficiency. Silk fibroin, a biocompatible, biodegradable, and abundant material, was utilized as a building block to construct biconcave discoidal and spherical microcapsules with diameter of 1.8 μm and wall thickness of 20 nm. We have compared the cytocompatibility, cellular uptake, and biodistribution of both microcapsules. Both biconcave and spherical microcapsules exhibited excellent cytocompatibility and internalization into cancer cells. During blood circulation in mice, both microcapsules showed retention in liver and kidney and most underwent renal clearance. However, we observed significantly higher accumulation of biconcave silk microcapsules in lung compared with spherical microcapsules, and the accumulation was found to be stable in lung even after 3 days. The higher concentration of biconcave discoidal microcapsules found in lung arises from pulmonary environment, margination dynamics, and enhanced deformation in bloodstream. Red blood cell (RBC)-mimicking silk microcapsules demonstrated here can potentially serve as a promising platform for delivering drugs for lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Cao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Gail Sudlow
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Zheyu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Kengku Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Jingyi Luan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Sirimuvva Tadepalli
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Anushree Seth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Srikanth Singamaneni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA
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10
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NIR-Fluorescent Multidye Silica Nanoparticles with Large Stokes Shifts for Versatile Biosensing Applications. J Fluoresc 2019; 29:293-305. [PMID: 30613851 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-018-02339-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have synthesized and characterized of a series of single and multidye copolymerized nanoparticles with large to very large Stokes shifts (100 to 255 nm) for versatile applications as standalone or multiplexed probes in biological matrices. Nanoparticles were prepared via the Stöber method and covalently copolymerized with various combinations of three dyes, including one novel aminocyanine dye. Covalently encapsulated dyes exhibited no significant leakage from the nanoparticle matrix after more than 200 days of storage in ethanol. Across multiple batches of nanoparticles with varying dye content, the average yields and average radii were found to be highly reproducible. Furthermore, the batch to batch variability in the relative amounts of dye incorporated was small (relative standard deviations <2.3%). Quantum yields of dye copolymerized nanoparticles were increased 50% to 1000% relative to those of their respective dye-silane conjugates, and fluorescence intensities were enhanced by approximately three orders of magnitude. Prepared nanoparticles were surface modified with polyethylene glycol and biotin and bound to streptavidin microspheres as a proof of concept. Under single wavelength excitation, microsphere-bound nanoparticles displayed readily distinguishable fluorescence signals at three different emission wavelengths, indicating their potential applications to multicolor sensing. Furthermore, nanoparticles modified with polyethylene glycol and biotin demonstrated hematoprotective qualities and reduced nonspecific binding of serum proteins, indicating their potential suitability to in vivo imaging applications.
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11
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Miranda D, Huang H, Kang H, Zhan Y, Wang D, Zhou Y, Geng J, Kilian HI, Stiles W, Razi A, Ortega J, Xia J, Choi HS, Lovell JF. Highly-Soluble Cyanine J-aggregates Entrapped by Liposomes for In Vivo Optical Imaging around 930 nm. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:381-390. [PMID: 30809281 PMCID: PMC6376187 DOI: 10.7150/thno.28376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Near infrared (NIR) dyes are useful for in vivo optical imaging. Liposomes have been used extensively for delivery of diverse cargos, including hydrophilic cargos which are passively loaded in the aqueous core. However, most currently available NIR dyes are only slightly soluble in water, making passive entrapment in liposomes challenging for achieving high optical contrast. Methods: We modified a commercially-available NIR dye (IR-820) via one-step Suzuki coupling with dicarboxyphenylboronic acid, generating a disulfonated heptamethine; dicarboxyphenyl cyanine (DCP-Cy). DCP-Cy was loaded in liposomes and used for optical imaging. Results: Owing to increased charge in mildly basic aqueous solution, DCP-Cy had substantially higher water solubility than indocyanine green (by an order of magnitude), resulting in higher NIR absorption. Unexpectedly, DCP-Cy tended to form J-aggregates with pronounced spectral red-shifting to 934 nm (from 789 nm in monomeric form). J-aggregate formation was dependent on salt and DCP-Cy concentration. Dissolved at 20 mg/mL, DCP-Cy J-aggregates could be entrapped in liposomes. Full width at half maximum absorption of the liposome-entrapped dye was just 25 nm. The entrapped DCP-Cy was readily detectable by fluorescence and photoacoustic NIR imaging. Upon intravenous administration to mice, liposomal DCP-Cy circulated substantially longer than the free dye. Accumulation was largely in the spleen, which was visualized with fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging. Conclusions: DCP-Cy is simple to synthesize and exhibits high aqueous solubility and red-shifted absorption from J-aggregate formation. Liposomal dye entrapment is possible, which facilitates in vivo photoacoustic and fluorescence imaging around 930 nm.
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12
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Levitz A, Marmarchi F, Henary M. Introduction of various substitutions to the methine bridge of heptamethine cyanine dyes Via substituted dianil linkers. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:1409-1416. [PMID: 30234861 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00218e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The unique optical properties of cyanine dyes have prompted their use in numerous applications. Heptamethine cyanines are commonly modified on the methine bridge after synthesis of a meso-chlorine containing cyanine. Herein, a series of heptamethine cyanines containing modified methine bridges were synthesized using substituted dianil linkers. Their optical properties including, molar absorptivity, fluorescence, and quantum yield were measured as well as their hydrophobic effects in polar buffer solution. It was shown that dyes containing cyclopentene in the methine bridge or a phenyl ring in the meso position display increased molar absorptivity while the increased flexibility of the dye containing a cycloheptene in the methine bridge prevented fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Levitz
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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13
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Zhang C, Long L, Shi C. Mitochondria-Targeting IR-780 Dye and Its Derivatives: Synthesis, Mechanisms of Action, and Theranostic Applications. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Lei Long
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Chunmeng Shi
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing 400038 China
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14
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Liu Y, Qiu D, Pan H, Li M, Chen H, Li H. A highly selective fluorescent probe for colorimetric recognition of cyanide anion based on heptamethine cyanine-triphenylamine conjugate. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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15
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Zheng L, Wang L, Liu Y, Guo C, Hou Y, Liu X, Zhang X. The pH response of near infrared 5,5’-bisulfonic heptamethine indocyanines in water, CTAB solution and metal oxide-based sol under extremely acidic and basic conditions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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16
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Synthesis and Optical Properties of Near-Infrared meso-Phenyl-Substituted Symmetric Heptamethine Cyanine Dyes. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020226. [PMID: 29364846 PMCID: PMC6017188 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Heptamethine cyanine dyes are a class of near infrared fluorescence (NIRF) probes of great interest in bioanalytical and imaging applications due to their modifiability, allowing them to be tailored for particular applications. Generally, modifications at the meso-position of these dyes are achieved through Suzuki-Miyaura C-C coupling and SRN1 nucleophilic substitution of the chlorine atom at the meso-position of the dye. Herein, a series of 15 meso phenyl-substituted heptamethine cyanines was synthesized utilizing a modified dianil linker. Their optical properties, including molar absorptivity, fluorescence, Stokes shift, and quantum yield were measured. The HSA binding affinities of two representative compounds were measured and compared to that of a series of trimethine cyanines previously synthesized by our lab. The results indicate that the binding of these compounds to HSA is not only dependent on hydrophobicity, but may also be dependent on steric interferences in the binding site and structural dynamics of the NIRF compounds.
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Rodríguez-Romero J, Guarin CA, Arroyo-Pieck A, Gutiérrez-Arzaluz L, López-Arteaga R, Cortés-Guzmán F, Navarro P, Peon J. Fluorophore Release from a Polymethinic Photoremovable Protecting Group Through a Nonlinear Optical Process. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201700076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Rodríguez-Romero
- Instituto de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria; Ciudad de México 04510 México
| | - Cesar A. Guarin
- Instituto de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria; Ciudad de México 04510 México
| | - Andres Arroyo-Pieck
- Instituto de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria; Ciudad de México 04510 México
| | - Luis Gutiérrez-Arzaluz
- Instituto de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria; Ciudad de México 04510 México
| | - Rafael López-Arteaga
- Instituto de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria; Ciudad de México 04510 México
| | - Fernando Cortés-Guzmán
- Instituto de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria; Ciudad de México 04510 México
| | - Pedro Navarro
- Instituto de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria; Ciudad de México 04510 México
| | - Jorge Peon
- Instituto de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria; Ciudad de México 04510 México
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18
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Zhang J, Liu Z, Lian P, Qian J, Li X, Wang L, Fu W, Chen L, Wei X, Li C. Selective imaging and cancer cell death via pH switchable near-infrared fluorescence and photothermal effects. Chem Sci 2016; 7:5995-6005. [PMID: 30034741 PMCID: PMC6022192 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00221h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurately locating and eradicating sporadically distributed cancer cells whilst minimizing damage to adjacent normal tissues is vital in image-guided tumor ablation. In this work, we developed four heptamethine cyanine based theranostic probes, IR1-4, that demonstrated unique pH switchable near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence and photothermal efficiency. While their fluorescence quantum yields increased up to 1020-fold upon acidification from pH 7.4 to 2.4, their photothermal efficiencies decreased up to 7.1-fold concomitantly. Theoretical calculations showed that protonation of the probes in an acidic environment increased the orbital energy gaps and reduced the intramolecular charge transfer efficiency, resulting in the conversion of absorbed light energy to NIR fluorescence instead of hyperthermia. Substitutions at the terminal indole of the probes fine-tuned their pKafluo values to a narrow physiological pH range of 4.0-5.3. IR2, with a pKafluo of 4.6, not only specifically illuminated cancer cells by sensing their more acidic lysosomal lumen, but also selectively ablated cancer cells via its maximized photothermal effects in the alkaline mitochondrial matrix. As far as we are aware, these probes not only offer the highest physiological acidity triggered NIR fluorescence enhancement as small molecules, but are also the first to specifically visualize and eradicate cancer cells by sensing their altered pH values in cellular organelles. Considering that a disordered pH in organelle lumen is a common characteristic of cancer cells, these theranostic probes hold the promise to be applied in image-guided tumor ablation over a wide range of tumor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery , Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China .
| | - Zining Liu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery , Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China .
| | - Peng Lian
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery , Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China .
| | - Jun Qian
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery , Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China .
| | - Xinwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery , Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China .
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543 , Singapore
| | - Wei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery , Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China .
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery , Huashan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai 200040 , China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes , Shanghai Cancer Institute , School of Biomedical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 1954 Huashan Road , Shanghai , 200030 , China .
| | - Cong Li
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery , Ministry of Education , School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China .
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19
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Shi C, Wu JB, Pan D. Review on near-infrared heptamethine cyanine dyes as theranostic agents for tumor imaging, targeting, and photodynamic therapy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:50901. [PMID: 27165449 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.5.050901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A class of near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) heptamethine cyanine dyes that are taken up and accumulated specifically in cancer cells without chemical conjugation have recently emerged as promising tools for tumor imaging and targeting. In addition to their fluorescence and nuclear imaging-based tumor-imaging properties, these dyes can be developed as drug carriers to safely deliver chemotherapy drugs to tumors. They can also be used as effective agents for photodynamic therapy with remarkable tumoricidal activity via photodependent cytotoxic activity. The preferential uptake of dyes into cancer but not normal cells is co-operatively mediated by the prevailing activation of a group of organic anion-transporting polypeptides on cancer cell membranes, as well as tumor hypoxia and increased mitochondrial membrane potential in cancer cells. Such mechanistic explorations have greatly advanced the current application and future development of NIRF dyes and their derivatives as anticancer theranostic agents. This review summarizes current knowledge and emerging advances in NIRF dyes, including molecular characterization, photophysical properties, multimodal development and uptake mechanisms, and their growing potential for preclinical and clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Shi
- Fourth Military Medical University, Laboratory Animal Center, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jason Boyang Wu
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Dongfeng Pan
- University of Virginia, Department of Radiology, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
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20
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Wycisk V, Pauli J, Welker P, Justies A, Resch-Genger U, Haag R, Licha K. Glycerol-based contrast agents: a novel series of dendronized pentamethine dyes. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:773-81. [PMID: 25811535 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of water-soluble dyes, which absorb and emit in the range between 650 and 950 nm and display high extinction coefficients (ε) as well as high fluorescence quantum yields (Φf), is still a demand for optical imaging. We now present a synthetic route for the preparation of a new group of glycerol-substituted cyanine dyes from dendronized indole precursors that have been functionalized as N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) esters. High Φf values of up to 0.15 and extinction coefficients of up to 189 000 L mol(-1) cm(-1) were obtained for the pure dyes. Furthermore, conjugates of the new dendronized dyes with the antibody cetuximab (ctx) that were directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) of tumor cells could be prepared with dye to protein ratios between 0.3 and 2.2 to assess their potential as imaging probes. For the first time, ctx conjugates could be achieved without showing a decrease in Φf and with an increasing labeling degree that exceeded the value of the pure dye even at a labeling degree above 2. The incorporation of hydrophilically and sterically demanding dendrimers into cyanines prevented dimer formation after covalent conjugation to the antibody. The binding functionality of the resulting ctx conjugates to the EGFR was successfully demonstrated by cell microscopy studies using EGFR expressing cell lines. In summary, the combination of hydrophilic glycerol dendrons with reactive dye labels has been established for the first time and is a promising approach toward more powerful fluorescent labels with less dimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Wycisk
- †Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jutta Pauli
- ‡BAM Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing, Division Biophotonics, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pia Welker
- §mivenion GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aileen Justies
- †Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- ‡BAM Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing, Division Biophotonics, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- †Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Licha
- §mivenion GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
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21
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Ptaszek M. Rational design of fluorophores for in vivo applications. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2014; 113:59-108. [PMID: 23244789 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386932-6.00003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Several classes of small organic molecules exhibit properties that make them suitable for fluorescence in vivo imaging. The most promising candidates are cyanines, squaraines, boron dipyrromethenes, porphyrin derivatives, hydroporphyrins, and phthalocyanines. The recent designing and synthetic efforts have been dedicated to improving their optical properties (shift the absorption and emission maxima toward longer wavelengths and increase the brightness) as well as increasing their stability and water solubility. The most notable advances include development of encapsulated cyanine dyes with increased stability and water solubility, squaraine rotaxanes with increased stability, long-wavelength-absorbing boron dipyrromethenes, long-wavelength-absorbing porphyrin and hydroporphyrin derivatives, and water-soluble phthalocyanines. Recent advances in luminescence and bioluminescence have made self-illuminating fluorophores available for in vivo applications. Development of new types of hydroporphyrin energy-transfer dyads gives the promise for further advances in in vivo multicolor imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Ptaszek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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22
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Yen SK, Jańczewski D, Lakshmi JL, Dolmanan SB, Tripathy S, Ho VHB, Vijayaragavan V, Hariharan A, Padmanabhan P, Bhakoo KK, Sudhaharan T, Ahmed S, Zhang Y, Tamil Selvan S. Design and synthesis of polymer-functionalized NIR fluorescent dyes--magnetic nanoparticles for bioimaging. ACS NANO 2013; 7:6796-6805. [PMID: 23869722 DOI: 10.1021/nn401734t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescent probes having complete spectral separation between absorption and emission spectra (large Stokes shift) are highly useful for solar concentrators and bioimaging. In bioimaging application, NIR fluorescent dyes have a greater advantage in tissue penetration depth compared to visible-emitting organic dyes or inorganic quantum dots. Here we report the design, synthesis, and characterization of an amphiphilic polymer, poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhyride)-functionalized near-infrared (NIR) IR-820 dye and its conjugates with iron oxide (Fe3O4) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for optical and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Our results demonstrate that the Stokes shift of unmodified dye can be tuned (from ~106 to 208 nm) by the functionalization of the dye with polymer and MNPs. The fabrication of bimodal probes involves (i) the synthesis of NIR fluorescent dye (IR-820 cyanine) functionalized with ethylenediamine linker in high yield, >90%, (ii) polymer conjugation to the functionalized NIR fluorescent dye, and (iii) grafting the polymer-conjugated dyes on iron oxide MNPs. The resulting uniform, small-sized (ca. 6 nm) NIR fluorescent dye-magnetic hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit a wider emissive range (800-1000 nm) and minimal cytotoxicity. Our preliminary studies demonstrate the potential utility of these NPs in bioimaging by means of direct labeling of cancerous HeLa cells via NIR fluorescence microscopy and good negative contrast enhancement in T2-weighted MR imaging of a murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swee Kuan Yen
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602
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23
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Xin J, Zhang X, Liang J, Xia L, Yin J, Nie Y, Wu K, Tian J. In vivo gastric cancer targeting and imaging using novel symmetric cyanine dye-conjugated GX1 peptide probes. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:1134-43. [PMID: 23725355 DOI: 10.1021/bc3006539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To facilitate the translation of cancer fluorescence imaging into clinical practice, the development of stable and highly specific and sensitive targeted fluorescence probes with low toxicity is desirable. GX1, a gastric tumor angiogenesis marker candidate, holds promise in the target-specific delivery of molecular imaging probes for early gastric cancer detection in vivo. In this study, we describe the design and synthesis of a series of novel penta-methine cyanine dyes using the symmetric synthesis method and further conjugated the dyes with GX1, allowing specific binding to the vasculature of gastric cancer. This efficient synthetic route can decrease the undesired byproducts, while increasing yield. Furthermore, in vivo fluorescence imaging revealed that this novel targeted probe accumulates selectively in the tumor site of SGC-7901 subcutaneous xenograft models. The combination of such novel vasculature-targeted molecular probes with fluorescence imaging technology may improve early detection, metastasis detection, and antitumor angiogenesis therapy for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xin
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
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24
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Niu SL, Massif C, Ulrich G, Renard PY, Romieu A, Ziessel R. Water-Soluble Red-Emitting Distyryl-Borondipyrromethene (BODIPY) Dyes for Biolabeling. Chemistry 2012; 18:7229-42. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Licha K, Welker P, Weinhart M, Wegner N, Kern S, Reichert S, Gemeinhardt I, Weissbach C, Ebert B, Haag R, Schirner M. Fluorescence imaging with multifunctional polyglycerol sulfates: novel polymeric near-IR probes targeting inflammation. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:2453-60. [PMID: 22092336 DOI: 10.1021/bc2002727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We present a highly selective approach for the targeting of inflammation with a multivalent polymeric probe. Dendritic polyglycerol was employed to synthesize a polyanionic macromolecular conjugate with a near-infrared fluorescent dye related to Indocyanine Green (ICG). On the basis of the dense assembly of sulfate groups which were generated from the polyol core, the resulting polyglycerol sulfate (molecular weight 12 kD with ~70 sulfate groups) targets factors of inflammation (IC(50) of 3-6 nM for inhibition of L-selectin binding) and is specifically transported into inflammatory cells. The in vivo accumulation studied by near-IR fluorescence imaging in an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis demonstrated fast and selective uptake which enabled the differentiation of diseased joints (score 1-3) with a 3.5-fold higher fluorescence level and a signal maximum at 60 min post injection. Localization in tissues using fluorescence histology showed that the conjugates are deposited in the inflammatory infiltrate in the synovial membrane, whereas nonsulfated control was not detected in association with disease. Hence, this type of polymeric imaging probe is an alternative to current bioconjugates and provides future options for targeted imaging and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Licha
- mivenion GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
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26
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Pauli J, Grabolle M, Brehm R, Spieles M, Hamann FM, Wenzel M, Hilger I, Resch-Genger U. Suitable Labels for Molecular Imaging – Influence of Dye Structure and Hydrophilicity on the Spectroscopic Properties of IgG Conjugates. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:1298-308. [DOI: 10.1021/bc1004763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Pauli
- BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, OE I.5, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Grabolle
- BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, OE I.5, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Brehm
- BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, OE I.5, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Monika Spieles
- BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, OE I.5, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska M. Hamann
- Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie des Klinikums der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena (IDIR), Forschungszentrum Lobeda, Erlanger Allee 101, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | | | - Ingrid Hilger
- Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie des Klinikums der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena (IDIR), Forschungszentrum Lobeda, Erlanger Allee 101, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, OE I.5, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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27
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Samanta A, Vendrell M, Yun SW, Guan Z, Xu QH, Chang YT. A Photostable Near-Infrared Protein Labeling Dye for In Vivo Imaging. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:1353-7. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Son SH, Abe Y, Yuasa M, Yamagishi Y, Sakai N, Ayabe T, Yamada K. A Systematic Analysis of Aromatic Heterocyclic Rings in Solvatochromic Fluorophores. CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2011.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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29
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Lee H, Akers W, Bhushan K, Bloch S, Sudlow G, Tang R, Achilefu S. Near-infrared pH-activatable fluorescent probes for imaging primary and metastatic breast tumors. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:777-84. [PMID: 21388195 DOI: 10.1021/bc100584d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Highly tumor selective near-infrared (NIR) pH-activatable probe was developed by conjugating pH-sensitive cyanine dye to a cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) peptide targeting α(v)β(3) integrin (ABIR), a protein that is highly overexpressed in endothelial cells during tumor angiogenesis. The NIR pH-sensitive dye used to construct the probe exhibits high spectral sensitivity with pH changes. It has negligible fluorescence above pH 6 but becomes highly fluorescent below pH 5, with a pK(a) of 4.7. This probe is ideal for imaging acidic cell organelles such as tumor lysosomes or late endosomes. Cell microscopy data demonstrate that binding of the cRGD probe to ABIR facilitated the endocytosis-mediated lysosomal accumulation and subsequent fluorescence enhancement of the NIR pH-activatable dye in tumor cells (MDA-MB-435 and 4T1/luc). A similar fluorescence enhancement mechanism was observed in vivo, where the tumors were evident within 4 h post injection. Moreover, lung metastases were also visualized in an orthotopic tumor mouse model using this probe, which was further confirmed by histologic analysis. These results demonstrate the potential of using the new integrin-targeted pH-sensitive probe for the detection of primary and metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeran Lee
- Department of Radiology, Washington University , St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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30
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Romieu A, Bruckdorfer T, Clavé G, Grandclaude V, Massif C, Renard PY. N-Fmoc-α-sulfo-β-alanine: a versatile building block for the water solubilisation of chromophores and fluorophores by solid-phase strategy. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:5337-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05730h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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31
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Shao F, Weissleder R, Hilderbrand SA. Monofunctional carbocyanine dyes for bio- and bioorthogonal conjugation. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 19:2487-91. [PMID: 19053316 DOI: 10.1021/bc800417b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A facile synthetic route to prepare monofunctional carbocyanine dyes for biological application is developed. Three pentamethine carbocyanine dyes have been successfully modified with a variety of functional groups such as: carboxylic acids, azides, or alkynes. The new dyes are characterized by strong NIR fluorescence emission, high extinction coefficients and good quantum yields. The azide and alkyne dyes have potential utility as components in bioorthogonal labeling schemes via [2 + 3] dipolar cycloaddition "click" reactions. The application of one derivative, CyAM-5 alkyne, for bioorthogonal labeling is demonstrated. Fluorescence microscopy shows coupling of CyAM-5 alkyne to Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells preincubated with azide modified glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwei Shao
- Center for Molecular Imaging Research and Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Havard Medical School, Room 5404, Building 149, 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
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32
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Lee H, Berezin MY, Henary M, Strekowski L, Achilefu S. Fluorescence lifetime properties of near-infrared cyanine dyes in relation to their structures. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2008; 200:438-444. [PMID: 20016664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2008.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Structurally diverse near-infrared (NIR) absorbing polymethine dyes were prepared and their fluorescence lifetimes (FLT) were evaluated in relation to their structural features. Comparative FLT analysis based on the modification of methine chain length and heterocyclic system showed that indolium or benz[e]indolium heptamethine dyes exhibited longer FLT than the benz[c,d]indolium trimethine dye. Modification of heterocyclic system alone with an intact chain length showed that indolium-based heptamethine dyes showed approximately 30% longer FLT than the benz[e]indolium-based dyes. In general, the FLT of polymethine dyes increased from polar to non-polar solvents. In addition, correlation study between the theoretical and the experimental FLT for indocyanine green (ICG) suggests that the lack of structural rigidity for these cyanine dyes is primarily responsible for the loss of the excited state energy via non-radiative pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeran Lee
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, U.S.A. ; Tel: 314-362-8599; E-mail:
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