1
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Zhou CF, Zhang YQ, Ling Y, Ming L, Xi X, Liu GQ, Zhang Y. Time-economical synthesis of selenofunctionalized heterocycles via I 2O 5-mediated selenylative heterocyclization. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:420-426. [PMID: 34913464 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02196f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A time-economical and robust synthesis of various selenofunctionalized heterocycles was accomplished via I2O5-mediated selenocyclizations of olefins with diselenides. Using this method, 116 selenomethyl-substituted heterocycles were synthesized with up to 97% isolated yield in minutes. Additional features of this new protocol include the use of an inorganic oxidant, mild conditions, and easy operation. Preliminary investigations suggest that the transformation operates through selenenyl iodide-induced electrophilic cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Fan Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun-Qian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Ling
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang Ming
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xia Xi
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gong-Qing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Sun QA, Lu ZH, Pu XQ, Hu HL, Zhang JH, Yang XJ. Deoxyalkoxyamination of Alcohols for the Synthesis of N
-Alkoxy- N
-alkylbenzenesulfonamides. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-An Sun
- Key Lab for Advanced Material & Institute of Fine Chemicals; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Ze-Hai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road 200032 Shanghai China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Pu
- Key Lab for Advanced Material & Institute of Fine Chemicals; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Hui-Lian Hu
- Key Lab for Advanced Material & Institute of Fine Chemicals; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Jia-heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining and Research Center of Flexible Printed Electronic Technology; Harbin Institute of Technology; 518055 Shenzhen People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Jin Yang
- Key Lab for Advanced Material & Institute of Fine Chemicals; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road 200032 Shanghai China
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3
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4
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Hong AY, Vanderwal CD. A Sequential Cycloaddition Strategy for the Synthesis of Alsmaphorazine B Traces a Path Through a Family of Alstonia Alkaloids. Tetrahedron 2017; 73:4160-4171. [PMID: 28943664 PMCID: PMC5603193 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Driven by a new biogenetic hypothesis, the first total synthesis of alsmaphorazine B and several related indole alkaloids has been achieved. Numerous early approaches proved unsuccessful owing to unproductive side reactivity; nevertheless, they provided important clues that guided the evolution of our strategy. Critical to our success was a major improvement in our Zincke aldehyde cycloaddition strategy, which permitted the efficient gram-scale synthesis of akuammicine. The sequential chemoselective oxidations of akuammicine leading up to the key oxidative rearrangement also yielded several biogenetically related indole alkaloids en route to alsmaphorazine B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Y. Hong
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
| | - Christopher D. Vanderwal
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
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5
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Khoder ZM, Wong CE, Chemler SR. Stereoselective Synthesis of Isoxazolidines via Copper-Catalyzed Alkene Diamination. ACS Catal 2017; 7:4775-4779. [PMID: 29755827 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A convenient copper-catalyzed intramolecular/intermolecular alkene diamination reaction to synthesize 3-aminomethyl-functionalized isoxazolidines under mild reaction conditions and with generally high levels of diastereoselectivity was achieved. This reaction demonstrates that previously underutilized unsaturated carbamates are good [Cu]-catalyzed diamination substrates. Sulfonamides, anilines, benzamide, morpholine, and piperidine can serve as the external amine source. This relatively broad amine range is attributed to the mild reaction conditions. Reduction of the N-O bond could also be achieved, revealing the corresponding 3,4-diamino-1-alcohols efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab M. Khoder
- Department of Chemistry, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Christina E. Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Sherry R. Chemler
- Department of Chemistry, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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6
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Kazancioglu MZ, Akin Kazancioglu E, Secen H, Altundas R. Oxidation of aminoalkyl and hydroxylaminoalkyl furans. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.10.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Peterson LJ, Wolfe JP. Palladium-Catalyzed Alkene Carboamination Reactions of Electron-Poor Nitrogen Nucleophiles. Adv Synth Catal 2015; 357:2339-2344. [PMID: 26622222 PMCID: PMC4662568 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Modified reaction conditions that facilitate Pd-catalyzed alkene carboamination reactions of electron-deficient nitrogen nucleophiles are reported. Pent-4-enylamine derivatives bearing N-tosyl or N-trifluoroacetyl groups are coupled with aryl triflates to afford substituted pyrrolidines in good yield. These reactions proceed via a mechanism involving anti-aminopalladation of the alkene, which differs from previously reported analogous reactions of N-aryl and N-boc pentenylamines. The application of these conditions to a formal synthesis of (±)-aphanorphine is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J. Peterson
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1055, USA. Ph: +1 (734)-763-3432
| | - John P. Wolfe
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1055, USA. Ph: +1 (734)-763-3432
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8
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White DR, Wolfe JP. Synthesis of Polycyclic Nitrogen Heterocycles via Cascade Pd-Catalyzed Alkene Carboamination/Diels-Alder Reactions. Org Lett 2015; 17:2378-81. [PMID: 25946563 PMCID: PMC4480637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cascade Pd-catalyzed alkene carboamination/Diels-Alder reactions between bromodienes and amines bearing two pendant alkenes are described. These transformations generate 4 bonds, 3 rings, and 3-5 stereocenters to afford polycyclic nitrogen heterocycles with high diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derick R. White
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - John P. Wolfe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
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9
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Kočovský P, Bäckvall JE. The syn/anti-dichotomy in the palladium-catalyzed addition of nucleophiles to alkenes. Chemistry 2015; 21:36-56. [PMID: 25378278 PMCID: PMC4471584 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this review the stereochemistry of palladium-catalyzed addition of nucleophiles to alkenes is discussed, and examples of these reactions in organic synthesis are given. Most of the reactions discussed involve oxygen and nitrogen nucleophiles; the Wacker oxidation of ethylene has been reviewed in detail. An anti-hydroxypalladation in the Wacker oxidation has strong support from both experimental and computational studies. From the reviewed material it is clear that anti-addition of oxygen and nitrogen nucleophiles is strongly favored in intermolecular addition to olefin-palladium complexes even if the nucleophile is coordinated to the metal. On the other hand, syn-addition is common in the case of intramolecular oxy- and amidopalladation as a result of the initial coordination of the internal nucleophile to the metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kočovský
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University10691 Stockholm (Sweden)
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Department of Organic Chemistry, Charles UniversityFlemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6 (Czech Republic), Hlavova 8 12843 Prague 2 (Czech Republic)
| | - Jan-E Bäckvall
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University10691 Stockholm (Sweden)
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10
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Zhang Z, Ouyang L, Wu W, Li J, Zhang Z, Jiang H. Palladium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Oxyvinylcyclization of Alkenes with Alkynes: An Approach to 3-Methylene γ-Lactones and Tetrahydrofurans. J Org Chem 2014; 79:10734-42. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501606c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenming Zhang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Lu Ouyang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Wanqing Wu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jianxiao Li
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zhicai Zhang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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11
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Fornwald RM, Fritz JA, Wolfe JP. Influence of catalyst structure and reaction conditions on anti- versus syn-aminopalladation pathways in Pd-catalyzed alkene carboamination reactions of N-allylsulfamides. Chemistry 2014; 20:8782-90. [PMID: 24938206 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The Pd-catalyzed coupling of N-allylsulfamides with aryl and alkenyl triflates to afford cyclic sulfamide products is described. In contrast to other known Pd-catalyzed alkene carboamination reactions, these transformations may be selectively induced to occur by way of either anti- or syn-aminopalladation mechanistic pathways by modifying the catalyst structure and reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Fornwald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055 (USA)
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12
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Babij NR, McKenna GM, Fornwald RM, Wolfe JP. Stereocontrolled synthesis of bicyclic sulfamides via Pd-catalyzed alkene carboamination reactions. Control of 1,3-asymmetric induction by manipulating mechanistic pathways. Org Lett 2014; 16:3412-5. [PMID: 24916343 PMCID: PMC4076003 DOI: 10.1021/ol5015976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A new
annulation strategy for the synthesis of trans-bicyclic
sulfamides is described. The Pd-catalyzed alkene carboamination
reactions of 2-allyl and cis-2,5-diallyl pyrrolidinyl
sulfamides with aryl and alkenyl triflates afford the fused bicyclic
compounds in good yields and with good diastereoselectivity (up to
13:1 dr). Importantly, by employing reaction conditions that favor
an anti-aminopalladation mechanism, the relative
stereochemistry between the C3 and C4a stereocenters of the products
is reversed relative to related Pd-catalyzed carboamination reactions
that proceed via syn-aminopalladation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R Babij
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
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13
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Malkov AV, Lee DS, Barłóg M, Elsegood MRJ, Kočovský P. Palladium-Catalyzed Stereoselective Intramolecular Oxidative Amidation of Alkenes in the Synthesis of 1,3- and 1,4-Amino Alcohols and 1,3-Diamines. Chemistry 2014; 20:4901-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201400123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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14
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Dulla B, Tangellamudi ND, Balasubramanian S, Yellanki S, Medishetti R, Kumar Banote R, Hari Chaudhari G, Kulkarni P, Iqbal J, Reiser O, Pal M. Isovanillin derived N-(un)substituted hydroxylamines possessing an ortho-allylic group: valuable precursors to bioactive N-heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:2552-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42460j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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15
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Cornil J, Guérinot A, Reymond S, Cossy J. FeCl3·6H2O, a Catalyst for the Diastereoselective Synthesis of cis-Isoxazolidines from N-Protected δ-Hydroxylamino Allylic Acetates. J Org Chem 2013; 78:10273-87. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401627p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johan Cornil
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, ESPCI ParisTech, UMR CNRS 7084, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Amandine Guérinot
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, ESPCI ParisTech, UMR CNRS 7084, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Sébastien Reymond
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, ESPCI ParisTech, UMR CNRS 7084, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Janine Cossy
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, ESPCI ParisTech, UMR CNRS 7084, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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16
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Egart B, Lentz D, Czekelius C. Diastereoselective Bromocyclization of O-Allyl-N-tosyl-hydroxylamines. J Org Chem 2013; 78:2490-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo3026725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Egart
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195
Berlin, Germany
| | - Dieter Lentz
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195
Berlin, Germany
| | - Constantin Czekelius
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195
Berlin, Germany
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17
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Synthesis of Saturated Heterocycles via Metal-Catalyzed Alkene Carboamination or Carboalkoxylation Reactions. TOPICS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2012_98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Karyakarte SD, Smith TP, Chemler SR. Stereoselective isoxazolidine synthesis via copper-catalyzed alkene aminooxygenation. J Org Chem 2012; 77:7755-60. [PMID: 22870912 DOI: 10.1021/jo3013226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Isoxazolidines are useful in organic synthesis, drug discovery, and chemical biology endeavors. A new stereoselective synthesis of methyleneoxy-substituted isoxazolidines is disclosed. The method involves copper-catalyzed aminooxygenation/cyclization of N-sulfonyl-O-butenyl hydroxylamines in the presence of (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl radical (TEMPO) and O(2) and provides substituted isoxazolidines in excellent yields and diastereoselectivities. We also demonstrate selective mono N-O reduction followed by oxidation of the remaining N-O bond to reveal a 2-amino-γ-lactone. Reduction of the γ-lactone reveals the corresponding aminodiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuklendu D Karyakarte
- Department of Chemistry, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
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19
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Lásiková A, Doháňošová J, Hlavínová L, Toffano M, Vo-Thanh G, Kožíšek J, Gracza T. Domino reaction: Pd(II)-catalyzed cyclization of unsaturated polyols and cross-coupling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Malkov AV, Barłóg M, Miller-Potucká L, Kabeshov MA, Farrugia LJ, Kočovský P. Stereoselective Palladium-Catalyzed Functionalization of Homoallylic Alcohols: A Convenient Synthesis of Di- and Trisubstituted Isoxazolidines and β-Amino-δ-Hydroxy Esters. Chemistry 2012; 18:6873-84. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Skeletal diversity via Pd(0) catalysed three-component cascades of allene and halides or triflates with protected hydroxylamines and formamide. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.01.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Schultz DM, Wolfe JP. Recent Developments in Pd-Catalyzed Alkene Aminoarylation Reactions for the Synthesis of Nitrogen Heterocycles. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2012; 44:351-361. [PMID: 23243321 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1289668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This short review describes new developments in Pd-catalyzed aminoarylation reactions between aryl halides and alkenes bearing pendant nitrogen nucleophiles. These transformations provide a novel and powerful method for accessing numerous 3-, 5-, 6-, and 7-membered nitrogen heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M Schultz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
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23
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Moriyama K, Izumisawa Y, Togo H. Oxidative intramolecular bromo-amination of N-alkenyl sulfonamides via umpolung of alkali metal bromides. J Org Chem 2011; 76:7249-55. [PMID: 21823624 DOI: 10.1021/jo201113r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative intramolecular bromo-amination of various N-alkenyl sulfonamides and N-alkenoxyl sulfonamides via umpolung of alkali metal bromides occurred exo-selectively to generate cyclic bromoamides in high yields with good diastereoselectivities. This method provided the desired products without elaborating the stoichiometric amount of corresponding organic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Moriyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
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24
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Neukom JD, Aquino AS, Wolfe JP. Synthesis of saturated 1,4-benzodiazepines via Pd-catalyzed carboamination reactions. Org Lett 2011; 13:2196-9. [PMID: 21446677 DOI: 10.1021/ol200429a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A new synthesis of 1,4-benzodiazepines and 1,4-benzodiazepin-5-ones is reported. The Pd-catalyzed coupling of N-allyl-2-aminobenzylamine derivatives with aryl bromides affords the heterocyclic products in good yield, and substrates bearing allylic methyl groups are transformed to cis-2,3-disubstituted products with >20:1 dr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Neukom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
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25
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Palladium-catalyzed C–N bond formation via direct C–H bond functionalization. Recent developments in heterocyclic synthesis. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Melhado AD, Brenzovich WE, Lackner AD, Toste FD. Gold-catalyzed three-component coupling: oxidative oxyarylation of alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:8885-7. [PMID: 20557048 PMCID: PMC2904393 DOI: 10.1021/ja1034123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The three-component coupling of terminal alkenes with arylboronic acids and oxygen nucleophiles is described. The reaction employs a binuclear gold(I) bromide as a catalyst and Selectfluor reagent as the stoichiometric oxidant. Alcohols, carboxylic acids, and water can be employed as oxygen nucleophiles, thus providing an efficient entry into beta-aryl ethers, esters, and alcohols from alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asa D Melhado
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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27
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Rosen BR, Ney JE, Wolfe JP. Use of aryl chlorides as electrophiles in Pd-catalyzed alkene difunctionalization reactions. J Org Chem 2010; 75:2756-9. [PMID: 20297834 DOI: 10.1021/jo100344k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of conditions that allow use of inexpensive aryl chlorides as electrophiles in Pd-catalyzed alkene carboamination and carboetherification reactions is described. A catalyst composed of Pd(OAc)(2) and S-Phos minimizes N-arylation of the substrate and prevents formation of mixtures of regioisomeric products. A number of heterocycles, including pyrrolidines, isoxazolidines, tetrahydrofurans, and pyrazolidines, are efficiently generated with this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon R Rosen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, USA
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28
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Jaegli S, Erb W, Retailleau P, Vors JP, Neuville L, Zhu J. Palladium-Catalyzed Domino Process to Spirooxindoles: Ligand Effect on Aminopalladation versus Carbopalladation. Chemistry 2010; 16:5863-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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29
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Bagnoli L, Cacchi S, Fabrizi G, Goggiamani A, Scarponi C, Tiecco M. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Hexahydro-3H-pyrrolyzin-3-ones through Pd-Catalyzed Carboamination. J Org Chem 2010; 75:2134-7. [PMID: 20170089 DOI: 10.1021/jo1002032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luana Bagnoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Sezione di Chimica Organica, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sandro Cacchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, La Sapienza, Università di Roma, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Fabrizi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, La Sapienza, Università di Roma, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Goggiamani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, La Sapienza, Università di Roma, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Catalina Scarponi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Sezione di Chimica Organica, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Marcello Tiecco
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Sezione di Chimica Organica, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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Sibbald PA, Rosewall CF, Swartz RD, Michael FE. Mechanism of N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide promoted diamination and carboamination reactions: divergent reactivity of a Pd(IV) species. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 131:15945-51. [PMID: 19824646 DOI: 10.1021/ja906915w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the Pd-catalyzed diamination and carboamination of alkenes promoted by N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFBS) was investigated. Stereochemical labeling experiments established that the diamination reaction proceeds via overall syn addition of the two nitrogen groups, whereas carboamination is the result of an anti addition of arene and nitrogen to the alkene. The intermediate Pd-alkyl complex arising from aminopalladation was observed, and an X-ray crystal structure of its 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy) complex was obtained, revealing strong chelation of the amide protecting group to palladium. Aminopalladation was shown to be an anti-selective process in both the presence and the absence of added ligands, proceeding via external attack of the nitrogen on a Pd-coordinated alkene. The intermediate Pd-alkyl complex was converted to diamination product upon exposure to NFBS with inversion of configuration via oxidative addition followed by dissociation of the benzenesulfonimide anion and S(N)2 displacement of the Pd-C bond. Conversely, arylation of the Pd-alkyl complex proceeds via retention of stereochemistry, consistent with C-H activation of the arene at the Pd(IV) center. A small intermolecular isotope effect (k(H)/k(D) = 1.1) and a large intramolecular isotope effect (k(H)/k(D) = 4) were measured for this process, indicating that C-H activation occurs via a poorly selective product-determining coordination of the arene followed by a highly selective C-H activation. Competition between arenes reveals an unusual reactivity order of toluene > benzene > bromobenzene > anisole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Sibbald
- Department of Chemistry, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, USA
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31
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Leathen ML, Rosen BR, Wolfe JP. New strategy for the synthesis of substituted morpholines. J Org Chem 2009; 74:5107-10. [PMID: 19480462 DOI: 10.1021/jo9007223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A four-step synthesis of cis-3,5-disubstituted morpholines from enantiomerically pure amino alcohols is described. The key step in the synthesis is a Pd-catalyzed carboamination reaction between a substituted ethanolamine derivative and an aryl or alkenyl bromide. The morpholine products are generated as single stereoisomers in moderate to good yield. This strategy also provides access to fused bicyclic morpholines as well as 2,3- and 2,5-disubstituted products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Leathen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, USA
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Hayashi S, Yorimitsu H, Oshima K. Synthesis of Aziridines by Palladium-Catalyzed Reactions of Allylamines with Aryl and Alkenyl Halides: Evidence of asyn-Carboamination Pathway. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:7224-6. [PMID: 19718735 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200903178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Hayashi
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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Hayashi S, Yorimitsu H, Oshima K. Synthesis of Aziridines by Palladium-Catalyzed Reactions of Allylamines with Aryl and Alkenyl Halides: Evidence of asyn-Carboamination Pathway. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200903178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Nakhla JS, Schultz DM, Wolfe JP. Palladium-catalyzed alkene carboamination reactions for the synthesis of substituted piperazines. Tetrahedron 2009; 65:6549-6570. [PMID: 20640043 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for the stereoselective preparation of enantiomerically enriched cis-2,6-disubstituted piperazines from amino acid precursors is described. The target compounds are generated in 95-99% ee with good to excellent levels of diastereoselectivity (usually 14:1 to >20:1) using Pd-catalyzed carboamination reactions between aryl or alkenyl halides and substituted ethylenediamine derivatives to form the heterocyclic rings. The synthesis requires only 4-5 steps from commercially available amino acids, and allows for the modular construction of piperazines bearing different substituents at N(1), N(4), C(2), and C(6). The use of this strategy for the construction of 2,3-disubstituted piperazines, fused bicyclic piperazines, and tetrahydroquinoxalines is also reported. In addition, the mechanism of the key carboamination reactions are discussed, and new models that predict and explain the stereochemical outcome of these transformations are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine S Nakhla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055
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