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Bedendi G, De Moura Torquato LD, Webb S, Cadoux C, Kulkarni A, Sahin S, Maroni P, Milton RD, Grattieri M. Enzymatic and Microbial Electrochemistry: Approaches and Methods. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2022; 2:517-541. [PMID: 36573075 PMCID: PMC9783092 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The coupling of enzymes and/or intact bacteria with electrodes has been vastly investigated due to the wide range of existing applications. These span from biomedical and biosensing to energy production purposes and bioelectrosynthesis, whether for theoretical research or pure applied industrial processes. Both enzymes and bacteria offer a potential biotechnological alternative to noble/rare metal-dependent catalytic processes. However, when developing these biohybrid electrochemical systems, it is of the utmost importance to investigate how the approaches utilized to couple biocatalysts and electrodes influence the resulting bioelectrocatalytic response. Accordingly, this tutorial review starts by recalling some basic principles and applications of bioelectrochemistry, presenting the electrode and/or biocatalyst modifications that facilitate the interaction between the biotic and abiotic components of bioelectrochemical systems. Focus is then directed toward the methods used to evaluate the effectiveness of enzyme/bacteria-electrode interaction and the insights that they provide. The basic concepts of electrochemical methods widely employed in enzymatic and microbial electrochemistry, such as amperometry and voltammetry, are initially presented to later focus on various complementary methods such as spectroelectrochemistry, fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy, and surface analytical/characterization techniques such as quartz crystal microbalance and atomic force microscopy. The tutorial review is thus aimed at students and graduate students approaching the field of enzymatic and microbial electrochemistry, while also providing a critical and up-to-date reference for senior researchers working in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Bedendi
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | | | - Sophie Webb
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Cadoux
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Amogh Kulkarni
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Selmihan Sahin
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Plinio Maroni
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Ross D. Milton
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Grattieri
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
- IPCF-CNR
Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
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2
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Nikolaev A, Safarian S, Thesseling A, Wohlwend D, Friedrich T, Michel H, Kusumoto T, Sakamoto J, Melin F, Hellwig P. Electrocatalytic evidence of the diversity of the oxygen reaction in the bacterial bd oxidase from different organisms. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148436. [PMID: 33940039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome bd oxidase is a bacterial terminal oxygen reductase that was suggested to enable adaptation to different environments and to confer resistance to stress conditions. An electrocatalytic study of the cyt bd oxidases from Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium glutamicum and Geobacillus thermodenitrificans gives evidence for a different reactivity towards oxygen. An inversion of the redox potential values of the three hemes is found when comparing the enzymes from different bacteria. This inversion can be correlated with different protonated glutamic acids as evidenced by reaction induced FTIR spectroscopy. The influence of the microenvironment of the hemes on the reactivity towards oxygen is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Nikolaev
- Laboratoire de Bioélectrochimie et Spectroscopie, UMR 7140, Chimie de la Matière Complexe, Université de Strasbourg - CNRS 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasborg, France
| | - Schara Safarian
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Wohlwend
- Institut für Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Friedrich
- Institut für Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Michel
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tomoichirou Kusumoto
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junshi Sakamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Frederic Melin
- Laboratoire de Bioélectrochimie et Spectroscopie, UMR 7140, Chimie de la Matière Complexe, Université de Strasbourg - CNRS 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasborg, France.
| | - Petra Hellwig
- Laboratoire de Bioélectrochimie et Spectroscopie, UMR 7140, Chimie de la Matière Complexe, Université de Strasbourg - CNRS 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasborg, France; USIAS, University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Studies, Strasbourg, France.
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3
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Abstract
We describe as 'reversible' a bidirectional catalyst that allows a reaction to proceed at a significant rate in response to even a small departure from equilibrium, resulting in fast and energy-efficient chemical transformation. Examining the relation between reaction rate and thermodynamic driving force is the basis of electrochemical investigations of redox reactions, which can be catalysed by metallic surfaces and biological or synthetic molecular catalysts. This relation has also been discussed in the context of biological energy transduction, regarding the function of biological molecular machines that harness chemical reactions to do mechanical work. This Perspective describes mean-field kinetic modelling of these three types of systems - surface catalysts, molecular catalysts of redox reactions and molecular machines - with the goal of unifying concepts in these different fields. We emphasize that reversibility should be distinguished from other figures of merit, such as rate or directionality, before its design principles can be identified and used to engineer synthetic catalysts.
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Janeva M, Kokoskarova P, Maksimova V, Gulaboski R. Square‐wave Voltammetry of Two‐step Surface Electrode Mechanisms Coupled with Chemical Reactions – A Theoretical Overview. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Milkica Janeva
- Faculty of Medical SciencesGoce Delcev University Stip Macedonia
| | | | | | - Rubin Gulaboski
- Faculty of Medical SciencesGoce Delcev University Stip Macedonia
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Mintmier B, McGarry JM, Sparacino-Watkins CE, Sallmen J, Fischer-Schrader K, Magalon A, McCormick JR, Stolz JF, Schwarz G, Bain DJ, Basu P. Molecular cloning, expression and biochemical characterization of periplasmic nitrate reductase from Campylobacter jejuni. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 365:5040225. [PMID: 29931366 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni, a human gastrointestinal pathogen, uses nitrate for growth under microaerophilic conditions using periplasmic nitrate reductase (Nap). The catalytic subunit, NapA, contains two prosthetic groups, an iron sulfur cluster and a molybdenum cofactor. Here we describe the cloning, expression, purification, and Michaelis-Menten kinetics (kcat of 5.91 ± 0.18 s-1 and a KM (nitrate) of 3.40 ± 0.44 μM) in solution using methyl viologen as an electron donor. The data suggest that the high affinity of NapA for nitrate could support growth of C. jejuni on nitrate in the gastrointestinal tract. Site-directed mutagenesis was used and the codon for the molybdenum coordinating cysteine residue has been exchanged for serine. The resulting variant NapA is 4-fold less active than the native enzyme confirming the importance of this residue. The properties of the C. jejuni enzyme reported here represent the first isolation and characterization of an epsilonproteobacterial NapA. Therefore, the fundamental knowledge of Nap has been expanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breeanna Mintmier
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jennifer M McGarry
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | | | - Joseph Sallmen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | | | - Axel Magalon
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne (UMR7283), IMM, 13402 Marseille, France
| | - Joseph R McCormick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - John F Stolz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Günter Schwarz
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne 50674, Germany
| | - Daniel J Bain
- Department of Geology and Environmental Science, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Partha Basu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Barrio M, Fourmond V. Redox (In)activations of Metalloenzymes: A Protein Film Voltammetry Approach. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201901028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melisa Barrio
- CNRSAix-Marseille Université, BIP UMR 7281 31 chemin J. Aiguier F-13402 Marseille cedex 20 France
| | - Vincent Fourmond
- CNRSAix-Marseille Université, BIP UMR 7281 31 chemin J. Aiguier F-13402 Marseille cedex 20 France
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8
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Zacarias S, Temporão A, Barrio MD, Fourmond V, Léger C, Matias PM, Pereira IAC. A Hydrophilic Channel Is Involved in Oxidative Inactivation of a [NiFeSe] Hydrogenase. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sónia Zacarias
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Adriana Temporão
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Melisa del Barrio
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, UMR 7281 Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Fourmond
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, UMR 7281 Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Léger
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, UMR 7281 Marseille, France
| | - Pedro M. Matias
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Inês A. C. Pereira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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9
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Fourmond V, Wiedner ES, Shaw WJ, Léger C. Understanding and Design of Bidirectional and Reversible Catalysts of Multielectron, Multistep Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:11269-11285. [PMID: 31283209 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Some enzymes, including those that are involved in the activation of small molecules such as H2 or CO2, can be wired to electrodes and function in either direction of the reaction depending on the electrochemical driving force and display a significant rate at very small deviations from the equilibrium potential. We call the former property "bidirectionality" and the latter "reversibility". This performance sets very high standards for chemists who aim at designing synthetic electrocatalysts. Only recently, in the particular case of the hydrogen production/evolution reaction, has it been possible to produce inorganic catalysts that function bidirectionally, with an even smaller number that also function reversibly. This raises the question of how to engineer such desirable properties in other synthetic catalysts. Here we introduce the kinetic modeling of bidirectional two-electron-redox reactions in the case of molecular catalysts and enzymes that are either attached to an electrode or diffusing in solution in the vicinity of an electrode. We emphasize that trying to discuss bidirectionality and reversibility in relation to a single redox potential leads to an impasse: the catalyst undergoes two redox transitions, and therefore two catalytic potentials must be defined, which may depart from the two potentials measured in the absence of catalysis. The difference between the two catalytic potentials defines the reversibility; the difference between their average value and the equilibrium potential defines the directionality (also called "preference", or "bias"). We describe how the sequence of events in the bidirectional catalytic cycle can be elucidated on the basis of the voltammetric responses. Further, we discuss the design principles of bidirectionality and reversibility in terms of thermodynamics and kinetics and conclude that neither bidirectionality nor reversibility requires that the catalytic energy landscape be flat. These theoretical findings are illustrated by previous results obtained with nickel diphosphine molecular catalysts and hydrogenases. In particular, analysis of the nickel catalysts highlights the fact that reversible catalysis can be achieved by catalysts that follow complex mechanisms with branched reaction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Fourmond
- Aix Marseille Université , CNRS, BIP UMR 7281 , Marseille , France
| | - Eric S Wiedner
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , P.O. Box 999, K2-57, Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Wendy J Shaw
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , P.O. Box 999, K2-57, Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Christophe Léger
- Aix Marseille Université , CNRS, BIP UMR 7281 , Marseille , France
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10
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Zeng T, Leimkühler S, Wollenberger U, Fourmond V. Transient Catalytic Voltammetry of Sulfite Oxidase Reveals Rate Limiting Conformational Changes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:11559-11567. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zeng
- Institute of Biochemistry
and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str.24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Silke Leimkühler
- Institute of Biochemistry
and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str.24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Ulla Wollenberger
- Institute of Biochemistry
and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str.24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Vincent Fourmond
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, 31 chemin J. Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille cedex 20, France
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11
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Maia LB, Moura I, Moura JJ. EPR Spectroscopy on Mononuclear Molybdenum-Containing Enzymes. FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN METALLOPROTEIN AND METALLOENZYME RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-59100-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Protein Electrochemistry: Questions and Answers. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 158:1-41. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2015_5016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Ceccaldi P, Rendon J, Léger C, Toci R, Guigliarelli B, Magalon A, Grimaldi S, Fourmond V. Reductive activation of E. coli respiratory nitrate reductase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2015; 1847:1055-63. [PMID: 26073890 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, a number of authors have reported the presence of inactive species in as-prepared samples of members of the Mo/W-bisPGD enzyme family. This greatly complicated the spectroscopic studies of these enzymes, since it is impossible to discriminate between active and inactive species on the basis of the spectroscopic signatures alone. Escherichia coli nitrate reductase A (NarGHI) is a member of the Mo/W-bisPGD family that allows anaerobic respiration using nitrate as terminal electron acceptor. Here, using protein film voltammetry on NarGH films, we show that the enzyme is purified in a functionally heterogeneous form that contains between 20 and 40% of inactive species that activate the first time they are reduced. This activation proceeds in two steps: a non-redox reversible reaction followed by an irreversible reduction. By carefully correlating electrochemical and EPR spectroscopic data, we show that neither the two major Mo(V) signals nor those of the two FeS clusters that are the closest to the Mo center are associated with the two inactive species. We also conclusively exclude the possibility that the major "low-pH" and "high-pH" Mo(V) EPR signatures correspond to species in acid-base equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Ceccaldi
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, 31 chemin J. Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille cedex 20, France
| | - Julia Rendon
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, 31 chemin J. Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille cedex 20, France
| | - Christophe Léger
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, 31 chemin J. Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille cedex 20, France
| | - René Toci
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LCB UMR 7283, 31 chemin J. Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille cedex 20, France
| | - Bruno Guigliarelli
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, 31 chemin J. Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille cedex 20, France
| | - Axel Magalon
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LCB UMR 7283, 31 chemin J. Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille cedex 20, France
| | - Stéphane Grimaldi
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, 31 chemin J. Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille cedex 20, France
| | - Vincent Fourmond
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, 31 chemin J. Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille cedex 20, France.
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Extracellular electron transfer of biocathodes: Revealing the potentials for nitrate and nitrite reduction of denitrifying microbiomes dominated by Thiobacillus sp. Electrochem commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Jacques JG, Burlat B, Arnoux P, Sabaty M, Guigliarelli B, Léger C, Pignol D, Fourmond V. Kinetics of substrate inhibition of periplasmic nitrate reductase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1837:1801-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.05.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sparacino-Watkins C, Stolz JF, Basu P. Nitrate and periplasmic nitrate reductases. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:676-706. [PMID: 24141308 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60249d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The nitrate anion is a simple, abundant and relatively stable species, yet plays a significant role in global cycling of nitrogen, global climate change, and human health. Although it has been known for quite some time that nitrate is an important species environmentally, recent studies have identified potential medical applications. In this respect the nitrate anion remains an enigmatic species that promises to offer exciting science in years to come. Many bacteria readily reduce nitrate to nitrite via nitrate reductases. Classified into three distinct types--periplasmic nitrate reductase (Nap), respiratory nitrate reductase (Nar) and assimilatory nitrate reductase (Nas), they are defined by their cellular location, operon organization and active site structure. Of these, Nap proteins are the focus of this review. Despite similarities in the catalytic and spectroscopic properties Nap from different Proteobacteria are phylogenetically distinct. This review has two major sections: in the first section, nitrate in the nitrogen cycle and human health, taxonomy of nitrate reductases, assimilatory and dissimilatory nitrate reduction, cellular locations of nitrate reductases, structural and redox chemistry are discussed. The second section focuses on the features of periplasmic nitrate reductase where the catalytic subunit of the Nap and its kinetic properties, auxiliary Nap proteins, operon structure and phylogenetic relationships are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russ Hille
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - James Hall
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Partha Basu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
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Reductive activation in periplasmic nitrate reductase involves chemical modifications of the Mo-cofactor beyond the first coordination sphere of the metal ion. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2013; 1837:277-86. [PMID: 24212053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2013.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In Rhodobacter sphaeroides periplasmic nitrate reductase NapAB, the major Mo(V) form (the "high g" species) in air-purified samples is inactive and requires reduction to irreversibly convert into a catalytically competent form (Fourmond et al., J. Phys. Chem., 2008). In the present work, we study the kinetics of the activation process by combining EPR spectroscopy and direct electrochemistry. Upon reduction, the Mo (V) "high g" resting EPR signal slowly decays while the other redox centers of the protein are rapidly reduced, which we interpret as a slow and gated (or coupled) intramolecular electron transfer between the [4Fe-4S] center and the Mo cofactor in the inactive enzyme. Besides, we detect spin-spin interactions between the Mo(V) ion and the [4Fe-4S](1+) cluster which are modified upon activation of the enzyme, while the EPR signatures associated to the Mo cofactor remain almost unchanged. This shows that the activation process, which modifies the exchange coupling pathway between the Mo and the [4Fe-4S](1+) centers, occurs further away than in the first coordination sphere of the Mo ion. Relying on structural data and studies on Mo-pyranopterin and models, we propose a molecular mechanism of activation which involves the pyranopterin moiety of the molybdenum cofactor that is proximal to the [4Fe-4S] cluster. The mechanism implies both the cyclization of the pyran ring and the reduction of the oxidized pterin to give the competent tricyclic tetrahydropyranopterin form.
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Fourmond V, Baffert C, Sybirna K, Lautier T, Abou Hamdan A, Dementin S, Soucaille P, Meynial-Salles I, Bottin H, Léger C. Steady-state catalytic wave-shapes for 2-electron reversible electrocatalysts and enzymes. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:3926-38. [PMID: 23362993 DOI: 10.1021/ja311607s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Using direct electrochemistry to learn about the mechanism of electrocatalysts and redox enzymes requires that kinetic models be developed. Here we thoroughly discuss the interpretation of electrochemical signals obtained with adsorbed enzymes and molecular catalysts that can reversibly convert their substrate and product. We derive analytical relations between electrochemical observables (overpotentials for catalysis in each direction, positions, and magnitudes of the features of the catalytic wave) and the characteristics of the catalytic cycle (redox properties of the catalytic intermediates, kinetics of intramolecular and interfacial electron transfer, etc.). We discuss whether or not the position of the wave is determined by the redox potential of a redox relay when intramolecular electron transfer is slow. We demonstrate that there is no simple relation between the reduction potential of the active site and the catalytic bias of the enzyme, defined as the ratio of the oxidative and reductive limiting currents; this explains the recent experimental observation that the catalytic bias of NiFe hydrogenase depends on steps of the catalytic cycle that occur far from the active site [Abou Hamdan et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 8368]. On the experimental side, we examine which models can best describe original data obtained with various NiFe and FeFe hydrogenases, and we illustrate how the presence of an intramolecular electron transfer chain affects the voltammetry by comparing the data obtained with the FeFe hydrogenases from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Clostridium acetobutylicum, only one of which has a chain of redox relays. The considerations herein will help the interpretation of electrochemical data previously obtained with various other bidirectional oxidoreductases, and, possibly, synthetic inorganic catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Fourmond
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Univ, BIP UMR 7281, IMM FR 3479, 31 chemin J. Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France
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The prokaryotic Mo/W-bisPGD enzymes family: a catalytic workhorse in bioenergetic. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2013; 1827:1048-85. [PMID: 23376630 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, prominent importance of molybdenum-containing enzymes in prokaryotes has been put forward by studies originating from different fields. Proteomic or bioinformatic studies underpinned that the list of molybdenum-containing enzymes is far from being complete with to date, more than fifty different enzymes involved in the biogeochemical nitrogen, carbon and sulfur cycles. In particular, the vast majority of prokaryotic molybdenum-containing enzymes belong to the so-called dimethylsulfoxide reductase family. Despite its extraordinary diversity, this family is characterized by the presence of a Mo/W-bis(pyranopterin guanosine dinucleotide) cofactor at the active site. This review highlights what has been learned about the properties of the catalytic site, the modular variation of the structural organization of these enzymes, and their interplay with the isoprenoid quinones. In the last part, this review provides an integrated view of how these enzymes contribute to the bioenergetics of prokaryotes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Metals in Bioenergetics and Biomimetics Systems.
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Gonzalez PJ, Rivas MG, Mota CS, Brondino CD, Moura I, Moura JJ. Periplasmic nitrate reductases and formate dehydrogenases: Biological control of the chemical properties of Mo and W for fine tuning of reactivity, substrate specificity and metabolic role. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Substrate-dependent modulation of the enzymatic catalytic activity: reduction of nitrate, chlorate and perchlorate by respiratory nitrate reductase from Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus 617. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2012; 1817:1072-82. [PMID: 22561116 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The respiratory nitrate reductase complex (NarGHI) from Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus 617 (Mh, formerly Pseudomonas nautica 617) catalyzes the reduction of nitrate to nitrite. This reaction is the first step of the denitrification pathway and is coupled to the quinone pool oxidation and proton translocation to the periplasm, which generates the proton motive force needed for ATP synthesis. The Mh NarGH water-soluble heterodimer has been purified and the kinetic and redox properties have been studied through in-solution enzyme kinetics, protein film voltammetry and spectropotentiometric redox titration. The kinetic parameters of Mh NarGH toward substrates and inhibitors are consistent with those reported for other respiratory nitrate reductases. Protein film voltammetry showed that at least two catalytically distinct forms of the enzyme, which depend on the applied potential, are responsible for substrate reduction. These two forms are affected differentially by the oxidizing substrate, as well as by pH and inhibitors. A new model for the potential dependence of the catalytic efficiency of Nars is proposed.
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Biaso F, Burlat B, Guigliarelli B. DFT Investigation of the Molybdenum Cofactor in Periplasmic Nitrate Reductases: Structure of the Mo(V) EPR-Active Species. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:3409-19. [DOI: 10.1021/ic201533p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Biaso
- Unité de Bioénergétique
et Ingénierie des Protéines, UMR 7281, Centre National
de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée,
and Aix-Marseille University, 31 Chemin
Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Bénédicte Burlat
- Unité de Bioénergétique
et Ingénierie des Protéines, UMR 7281, Centre National
de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée,
and Aix-Marseille University, 31 Chemin
Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Bruno Guigliarelli
- Unité de Bioénergétique
et Ingénierie des Protéines, UMR 7281, Centre National
de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée,
and Aix-Marseille University, 31 Chemin
Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France
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Cracknell JA, Blanford CF. Developing the mechanism of dioxygen reduction catalyzed by multicopper oxidases using protein film electrochemistry. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc00632d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Fourmond V, Burlat B, Dementin S, Sabaty M, Arnoux P, Étienne É, Guigliarelli B, Bertrand P, Pignol D, Léger C. Dependence of Catalytic Activity on Driving Force in Solution Assays and Protein Film Voltammetry: Insights from the Comparison of Nitrate Reductase Mutants. Biochemistry 2010; 49:2424-32. [DOI: 10.1021/bi902140e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Fourmond
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 9036, Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, and Aix-Marseille Université, 31 chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Bénédicte Burlat
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 9036, Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, and Aix-Marseille Université, 31 chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Sébastien Dementin
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 9036, Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, and Aix-Marseille Université, 31 chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Monique Sabaty
- Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, DSV, IBEB, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6191, Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, and Aix-Marseille Université, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Pascal Arnoux
- Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, DSV, IBEB, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6191, Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, and Aix-Marseille Université, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Émilien Étienne
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 9036, Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, and Aix-Marseille Université, 31 chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Bruno Guigliarelli
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 9036, Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, and Aix-Marseille Université, 31 chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Patrick Bertrand
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 9036, Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, and Aix-Marseille Université, 31 chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - David Pignol
- Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, DSV, IBEB, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6191, Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, and Aix-Marseille Université, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Christophe Léger
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 9036, Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, and Aix-Marseille Université, 31 chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France
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Fourmond V, Sabaty M, Arnoux P, Bertrand P, Pignol D, Léger C. Reassessing the Strategies for Trapping Catalytic Intermediates during Nitrate Reductase Turnover. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:3341-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp911443y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Fourmond
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 9036, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, DSV, IBEB, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6191, Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Aix-Marseille
| | - Monique Sabaty
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 9036, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, DSV, IBEB, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6191, Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Aix-Marseille
| | - Pascal Arnoux
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 9036, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, DSV, IBEB, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6191, Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Aix-Marseille
| | - Patrick Bertrand
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 9036, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, DSV, IBEB, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6191, Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Aix-Marseille
| | - David Pignol
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 9036, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, DSV, IBEB, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6191, Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Aix-Marseille
| | - Christophe Léger
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 9036, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, DSV, IBEB, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6191, Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Aix-Marseille
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Fourmond V, Lautier T, Baffert C, Leroux F, Liebgott PP, Dementin S, Rousset M, Arnoux P, Pignol D, Meynial-Salles I, Soucaille P, Bertrand P, Léger C. Correcting for electrocatalyst desorption and inactivation in chronoamperometry experiments. Anal Chem 2009; 81:2962-8. [PMID: 19298055 DOI: 10.1021/ac8025702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronoamperometric experiments with adsorbed electrocatalysts are commonly performed either for analytical purposes or for studying the catalytic mechanism of a redox enzyme. In the context of amperometric sensors, the current may be recorded as a function of time while the analyte concentration is being increased to determine a linearity range. In mechanistic studies of redox enzymes, chronoamperometry proved powerful for untangling the effects of electrode potential and time, which are convoluted in cyclic voltammetric measurements, and for studying the energetics and kinetics of inhibition. In all such experiments, the fact that the catalyst's coverage and/or activity decreases over time distorts the data. This may hide meaningful features, introduce systematic errors, and limit the accuracy of the measurements. We propose a general and surprisingly simple method for correcting for electrocatalyst desorption and inactivation, which greatly increases the precision of chronoamperometric experiments. Rather than subtracting a baseline, this consists in dividing the current, either by a synthetic signal that is proportional to the instant electroactive coverage or by the signal recorded in a control experiment. In the latter, the change in current may result from film loss only or from film loss plus catalyst inactivation. We describe the different strategies for obtaining the control signal by analyzing various data recorded with adsorbed redox enzymes: nitrate reductase, NiFe hydrogenase, and FeFe hydrogenase. In each case we discuss the trustfulness and the benefit of the correction. This method also applies to experiments where electron transfer is mediated, rather than direct, providing the current is proportional to the time-dependent concentration of catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Fourmond
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, IMM, UPR 9036, CNRS, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France
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ZHANG HN, GUO ZY, GAI PP. Research Progress in Protein Film Voltammetry. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(08)60093-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Fourmond V, Burlat B, Dementin S, Arnoux P, Sabaty M, Boiry S, Guigliarelli B, Bertrand P, Pignol D, Léger C. Major Mo(V) EPR Signature of Rhodobacter sphaeroides Periplasmic Nitrate Reductase Arising from a Dead-End Species That Activates upon Reduction. Relation to Other Molybdoenzymes from the DMSO Reductase Family. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:15478-86. [DOI: 10.1021/jp807092y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Fourmond
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, IBSM, UPR 9036, CNRS, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Aix-Marseille Université, 3 Place Victor Hugo, F-13333 Marseilles Cedex 3, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, SBVME, IBEB, CEA, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, UMR 6191, CNRS, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Bénédicte Burlat
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, IBSM, UPR 9036, CNRS, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Aix-Marseille Université, 3 Place Victor Hugo, F-13333 Marseilles Cedex 3, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, SBVME, IBEB, CEA, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, UMR 6191, CNRS, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Sébastien Dementin
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, IBSM, UPR 9036, CNRS, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Aix-Marseille Université, 3 Place Victor Hugo, F-13333 Marseilles Cedex 3, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, SBVME, IBEB, CEA, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, UMR 6191, CNRS, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Pascal Arnoux
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, IBSM, UPR 9036, CNRS, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Aix-Marseille Université, 3 Place Victor Hugo, F-13333 Marseilles Cedex 3, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, SBVME, IBEB, CEA, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, UMR 6191, CNRS, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Monique Sabaty
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, IBSM, UPR 9036, CNRS, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Aix-Marseille Université, 3 Place Victor Hugo, F-13333 Marseilles Cedex 3, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, SBVME, IBEB, CEA, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, UMR 6191, CNRS, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Séverine Boiry
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, IBSM, UPR 9036, CNRS, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Aix-Marseille Université, 3 Place Victor Hugo, F-13333 Marseilles Cedex 3, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, SBVME, IBEB, CEA, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, UMR 6191, CNRS, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Bruno Guigliarelli
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, IBSM, UPR 9036, CNRS, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Aix-Marseille Université, 3 Place Victor Hugo, F-13333 Marseilles Cedex 3, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, SBVME, IBEB, CEA, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, UMR 6191, CNRS, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Patrick Bertrand
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, IBSM, UPR 9036, CNRS, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Aix-Marseille Université, 3 Place Victor Hugo, F-13333 Marseilles Cedex 3, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, SBVME, IBEB, CEA, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, UMR 6191, CNRS, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - David Pignol
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, IBSM, UPR 9036, CNRS, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Aix-Marseille Université, 3 Place Victor Hugo, F-13333 Marseilles Cedex 3, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, SBVME, IBEB, CEA, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, UMR 6191, CNRS, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Christophe Léger
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, IBSM, UPR 9036, CNRS, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France, Aix-Marseille Université, 3 Place Victor Hugo, F-13333 Marseilles Cedex 3, France, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, SBVME, IBEB, CEA, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, and Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, UMR 6191, CNRS, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
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Direct catalytic electrochemistry of sulfite dehydrogenase: Mechanistic insights and contrasts with related Mo enzymes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2008; 1777:1319-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2008] [Revised: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 06/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Léger C, Bertrand P. Direct Electrochemistry of Redox Enzymes as a Tool for Mechanistic Studies. Chem Rev 2008; 108:2379-438. [DOI: 10.1021/cr0680742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 594] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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