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Abstract
Biological pigment-protein complexes (PPCs) exhibit a remarkable ability to tune the optical properties of biological excitons (bioexcitons) through specific pigment-protein interactions. While such fine-tuning allows natural systems (e.g., photosynthetic proteins) to carry out their native functions with near-optimal performance, native function itself is often suboptimal for applications such as biofuel production or quantum technology development. This perspective offers a look at near-term prospects for the rational reoptimization of PPC bioexcitons for new functions using site-directed mutagenesis. The primary focus is on the "structure-spectrum" challenge of understanding the relationships between structural features and spectroscopic properties. While recent examples demonstrate that site-directed mutagenesis can be used to tune nearly all key bioexciton parameters (e.g., site energies, interpigment couplings, and electronic-vibrational interactions), critical challenges remain before we achieve truly rational design of bioexciton properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Reppert
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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2
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Pandit A. Structural dynamics of light harvesting proteins, photosynthetic membranes and cells observed with spectral editing solid-state NMR. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:025101. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0094446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes have a remarkable capacity to perform robust photo physics at ambient temperatures and in fluctuating environments. Protein conformational dynamics and membrane mobility are processes that contribute to the light-harvesting efficiencies and control photoprotective responses. This short review describes the application of Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy for characterizing the structural dynamics of pigment, protein and thylakoid membrane components related to light harvesting and photoprotection. I will discuss the use of dynamics-based spectral editing solid-state NMR for distinguishing rigid and mobile components and assessing protein, pigment and lipid dynamics on sub-nanosecond to millisecond timescales. Dynamic spectral editing NMR has been applied to investigate Light-Harvesting Complex II (LHCII) protein conformational dynamics inside lipid bilayers and in native membranes. Furthermore, we used the NMR approach to assess thylakoid membrane dynamics. Finally, it is shown that dynamics-based spectral editing NMR, for reducing spectral complexity, by filtering motion-dependent signals, enabled us to follow processes in live photosynthetic cells.
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3
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Golub M, Lokstein H, Soloviov D, Kuklin A, Wieland DCF, Pieper J. Light-Harvesting Complex II Adopts Different Quaternary Structures in Solution as Observed Using Small-Angle Scattering. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:1258-1265. [PMID: 35089716 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The high-resolution crystal structure of the trimeric major light-harvesting complex of photosystem II (LHCII) is often perceived as the basis for understanding its light-harvesting and photoprotective functions. However, the LHCII solution structure and its oligomerization or aggregation state may generally differ from the crystal structure and, moreover, also depend on its functional state. In this regard, small-angle scattering experiments provide the missing link by offering structural information in aqueous solution at physiological temperatures. Herein, we use small-angle scattering to investigate the solution structures of two different preparations of solubilized LHCII employing the nonionic detergents n-octyl-β-d-glucoside (OG) and n-dodecyl-β-D-maltoside (β-DM). The data reveal that the LHCII-OG complex is equivalent to the trimeric crystal structure. Remarkably, however, we observe─for the first time─a stable oligomer composed of three LHCII trimers in the case of the LHCII-β-DM preparation, implying additional pigment-pigment interactions. The latter complex is assumed to mimic trimer-trimer interactions which play an important role in the context of photoprotective nonphotochemical quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksym Golub
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Wilhelm Ostwald str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Heiko Lokstein
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dmytro Soloviov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie str. 6, 141980 Dubna, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants NAS of Ukraine, Lysogirska str. 12, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Alexander Kuklin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie str. 6, 141980 Dubna, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - D C Florian Wieland
- Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute for Materials Research, Department for Metallic Biomaterials, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Jörg Pieper
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Wilhelm Ostwald str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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4
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Nagy G, Garab G. Neutron scattering in photosynthesis research: recent advances and perspectives for testing crop plants. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 150:41-49. [PMID: 32488447 PMCID: PMC8556207 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00763-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The photosynthetic performance of crop plants under a variety of environmental factors and stress conditions, at the fundamental level, depends largely on the organization and structural flexibility of thylakoid membranes. These highly organized membranes accommodate virtually all protein complexes and additional compounds carrying out the light reactions of photosynthesis. Most regulatory mechanisms fine-tuning the photosynthetic functions affect the organization of thylakoid membranes at different levels of the structural complexity. In order to monitor these reorganizations, non-invasive techniques are of special value. On the mesoscopic scale, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) has been shown to deliver statistically and spatially averaged information on the periodic organization of the thylakoid membranes in vivo and/or, in isolated thylakoids, under physiologically relevant conditions, without fixation or staining. More importantly, SANS investigations have revealed rapid reversible reorganizations on the timescale of several seconds and minutes. In this paper, we give a short introduction into the basics of SANS technique, advantages and limitations, and briefly overview recent advances and potential applications of this technique in the physiology and biotechnology of crop plants. We also discuss future perspectives of neutron crystallography and different neutron scattering techniques, which are anticipated to become more accessible and of more use in photosynthesis research at new facilities with higher fluxes and innovative instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Nagy
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA.
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, POB 49, 1525, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Győző Garab
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, POB 521, 6701, Szeged, Hungary.
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ostrava University, Chittussiho 10, Ostrava - Slezská, 710 0, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
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5
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Srivastava A, Ahad S, Wat JH, Reppert M. Accurate prediction of mutation-induced frequency shifts in chlorophyll proteins with a simple electrostatic model. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:151102. [PMID: 34686046 DOI: 10.1063/5.0064567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes control local chlorophyll (Chl) transition frequencies through a variety of electrostatic and steric forces. Site-directed mutations can modify this local spectroscopic tuning, providing critical insight into native photosynthetic functions and offering the tantalizing prospect of creating rationally designed Chl proteins with customized optical properties. Unfortunately, at present, no proven methods exist for reliably predicting mutation-induced frequency shifts in advance, limiting the method's utility for quantitative applications. Here, we address this challenge by constructing a series of point mutants in the water-soluble chlorophyll protein of Lepidium virginicum and using them to test the reliability of a simple computational protocol for mutation-induced site energy shifts. The protocol uses molecular dynamics to prepare mutant protein structures and the charge density coupling model of Adolphs et al. [Photosynth. Res. 95, 197-209 (2008)] for site energy prediction; a graphical interface that implements the protocol automatically is published online at http://nanohub.org/tools/pigmenthunter. With the exception of a single outlier (presumably due to unexpected structural changes), we find that the calculated frequency shifts match the experiment remarkably well, with an average error of 1.6 nm over a 9 nm spread in wavelengths. We anticipate that the accuracy of the method can be improved in the future with more advanced sampling of mutant protein structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Safa Ahad
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Jacob H Wat
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Mike Reppert
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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6
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Saga Y, Tanaka A, Yamashita M, Shinoda T, Tomo T, Kimura Y. Spectral Properties of Chlorophyll f in the B800 Cavity of Light-harvesting Complex 2 from the Purple Photosynthetic Bacterium Rhodoblastus acidophilus. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:169-174. [PMID: 34293183 DOI: 10.1111/php.13491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The interactions of chlorophyll (Chl) and bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) pigments with the polypeptides in photosynthetic light-harvesting proteins are responsible for controlling the absorption energy of (B)Chls in protein matrixes. The binding pocket of B800 BChl a in LH2 proteins, which are peripheral light-harvesting proteins in purple photosynthetic bacteria, is useful for studying such structure-property relationships. We report the reconstitution of Chl f, which has the formyl group at the 2-position, in the B800 cavity of LH2 from the purple bacterium Rhodoblastus acidophilus. The Qy absorption band of Chl f in the B800 cavity was shifted by 14 nm to longer wavelength compared to that of the corresponding five-coordinated monomer in acetone. This redshift was larger than that of Chl a and Chl b. Resonance Raman spectroscopy indicated hydrogen bonding between the 2-formyl group of Chl f and the LH2 polypeptide. These results suggest that this hydrogen bonding contributes to the Qy redshift of Chl f. Furthermore, the Qy redshift of Chl f in the B800 cavity was smaller than that of Chl d. This may have arisen from the different patterns of hydrogen bonding between Chl f and Chl d and/or from the steric hindrance of the 3-vinyl group in Chl f.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Saga
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Aiko Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Madoka Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shinoda
- Graduate School of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Tomo
- Graduate School of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kimura
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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7
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Antenna Protein Clustering In Vitro Unveiled by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062969. [PMID: 33804002 PMCID: PMC8000295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antenna protein aggregation is one of the principal mechanisms considered effective in protecting phototrophs against high light damage. Commonly, it is induced, in vitro, by decreasing detergent concentration and pH of a solution of purified antennas; the resulting reduction in fluorescence emission is considered to be representative of non-photochemical quenching in vivo. However, little is known about the actual size and organization of antenna particles formed by this means, and hence the physiological relevance of this experimental approach is questionable. Here, a quasi-single molecule method, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), was applied during in vitro quenching of LHCII trimers from higher plants for a parallel estimation of particle size, fluorescence, and antenna cluster homogeneity in a single measurement. FCS revealed that, below detergent critical micelle concentration, low pH promoted the formation of large protein oligomers of sizes up to micrometers, and therefore is apparently incompatible with thylakoid membranes. In contrast, LHCII clusters formed at high pH were smaller and homogenous, and yet still capable of efficient quenching. The results altogether set the physiological validity limits of in vitro quenching experiments. Our data also support the idea that the small, moderately quenching LHCII oligomers found at high pH could be relevant with respect to non-photochemical quenching in vivo.
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Pieper J, Irrgang KD. Nature of low-energy exciton levels in light-harvesting complex II of green plants as revealed by satellite hole structure. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 146:279-285. [PMID: 32405995 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00752-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Persistent non-photochemical hole burning at 4.2 K is an efficient experimental tool to unravel position and nature of low-energy excitonic states in pigment-protein complexes. This is demonstrated here for the case of the trimeric chlorophyll (Chl) a/b light-harvesting complexes of Photosystem II (LHC II) of green plants, where previous work (Pieper et al. J Phys Chem B 103:2412, 1999a) reported a highly localized lowest energy state at 680 nm. At that time, this finding appeared to be consistent with the contemporary knowledge about the LHC II structure, which mainly suggested the presence of weakly coupled Chl heterodimers. Currently, however, it is widely accepted that the lowest state is associated with an excitonically coupled trimer of Chl molecules at physiological temperatures. This raises the question, why an excitonically coupled state has not been identified by spectral hole burning. A re-inspection of the hole burning data reveals a remarkable dependence of satellite hole structure on burn fluence, which is indicative of the excitonic coupling of the low-energy states of trimeric LHC II. At low fluence, the satellite hole structure of the lowest/fluorescing ~ 680 nm state is weak with only one shallow satellite hole at 649 nm in the Chl b spectral range. These findings suggest that the lowest energy state at ~ 680 nm is essentially localized on a Chl a molecule, which may belong to a Chl a/b heterodimer. At high fluence, however, the lowest energy hole shifts blue to ~ 677 nm and is accompanied by two satellite holes at ~ 673 and 663 nm, respectively, indicating that this state is excitonically coupled to other Chl a molecules. In conclusion, LHC II seems to possess two different, but very closely spaced lowest energy states at cryogenic temperatures of 4.2 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Pieper
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald str. 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia.
| | - Klaus-Dieter Irrgang
- Department of Life Science & Technology, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University for Applied Sciences, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Golub M, Hussein R, Ibrahim M, Hecht M, Wieland DCF, Martel A, Machado B, Zouni A, Pieper J. Solution Structure of the Detergent-Photosystem II Core Complex Investigated by Small-Angle Scattering Techniques. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:8583-8592. [PMID: 32816484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Albeit achieving the X-ray diffraction structure of dimeric photosystem II core complexes (dPSIIcc) at the atomic resolution, the nature of the detergent belt surrounding dPSIIcc remains ambiguous. Therefore, the solution structure of the whole detergent-protein complex of dPSIIcc of Thermosynechococcus elongatus (T. elongatus) solubilized in n-dodecyl-ß-d-maltoside (ßDM) was investigated by a combination of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) with contrast variation. First, the structure of dPSIIcc was studied separately in SANS experiments using a contrast of 5% D2O. Guinier analysis reveals that the dPSIIcc solution is virtually free of aggregation in the studied concentration range of 2-10 mg/mL dPSIIcc, and characterized by a radius of gyration of 62 Å. A structure reconstitution shows that dPSIIcc in buffer solution widely retains the crystal structure reported by X-ray free electron laser studies at room temperature with a slight expansion of the entire protein. Additional SANS experiments on dPSIIcc samples in a buffer solution containing 75% D2O provide information about the size and shape of the whole detergent-dPSIIcc. The maximum position of P(r) function increases to 68 Å, i.e., it is about 6 Å larger than that of dPSIIcc only, thus indicating the presence of an additional structure. Thus, it can be concluded that dPSIIcc is surrounded by a monomolecular belt of detergent molecules under appropriate solubilization conditions. The homogeneity of the ßDM-dPSIIcc solutions was also verified using dynamic light scattering. Complementary SAXS experiments indicate the presence of unbound detergent micelles by a separate peak consistent with a spherical shape possessing a radius of about 40 Å. The latter structure also contributes to the SANS data but rather broadens the SANS curve artificially. Without the simultaneous inspection of SANS and SAXS data, this effect may lead to an apparent underestimation of the size of the PS II-detergent complex. The formation of larger unbound detergent aggregates in solution prior to crystallization may have a significant effect on the crystal formation or quality of the ßDM-dPSIIcc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksym Golub
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Wilhelm Ostwald str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rana Hussein
- Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Philipp Str. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim
- Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Philipp Str. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Max Hecht
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Wilhelm Ostwald str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Anne Martel
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Barbara Machado
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Athina Zouni
- Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Philipp Str. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Pieper
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Wilhelm Ostwald str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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10
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Leng X, Do TN, Akhtar P, Nguyen HL, Lambrev PH, Tan H. Hierarchical Equations of Motion Simulation of Temperature‐Dependent Two‐Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy of the ChlorophyllaManifold in LHCII. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1996-2004. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Leng
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
| | - Thanh Nhut Do
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
| | - Parveen Akhtar
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
- Biological Research Centre Szeged Temesvári körút 62 Szeged 6726 Hungary
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd. Wolfgang Sandner utca 3 Szeged 6728 Hungary
| | - Hoang Long Nguyen
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
| | - Petar H. Lambrev
- Biological Research Centre Szeged Temesvári körút 62 Szeged 6726 Hungary
| | - Howe‐Siang Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
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11
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Liguori N, Croce R, Marrink SJ, Thallmair S. Molecular dynamics simulations in photosynthesis. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 144:273-295. [PMID: 32297102 PMCID: PMC7203591 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00741-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is regulated by a dynamic interplay between proteins, enzymes, pigments, lipids, and cofactors that takes place on a large spatio-temporal scale. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide a powerful toolkit to investigate dynamical processes in (bio)molecular ensembles from the (sub)picosecond to the (sub)millisecond regime and from the Å to hundreds of nm length scale. Therefore, MD is well suited to address a variety of questions arising in the field of photosynthesis research. In this review, we provide an introduction to the basic concepts of MD simulations, at atomistic and coarse-grained level of resolution. Furthermore, we discuss applications of MD simulations to model photosynthetic systems of different sizes and complexity and their connection to experimental observables. Finally, we provide a brief glance on which methods provide opportunities to capture phenomena beyond the applicability of classical MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Liguori
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Roberta Croce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Siewert J Marrink
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Thallmair
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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12
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Akhtar P, Nowakowski PJ, Wang W, Do TN, Zhao S, Siligardi G, Garab G, Shen JR, Tan HS, Lambrev PH. Spectral tuning of light-harvesting complex II in the siphonous alga Bryopsis corticulans and its effect on energy transfer dynamics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148191. [PMID: 32201306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) from the marine green macroalga Bryopsis corticulans is spectroscopically characterized to understand the structural and functional changes resulting from adaptation to intertidal environment. LHCII is homologous to its counterpart in land plants but has a different carotenoid and chlorophyll (Chl) composition. This is reflected in the steady-state absorption, fluorescence, linear dichroism, circular dichroism and anisotropic circular dichroism spectra. Time-resolved fluorescence and two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy were used to investigate the consequences of this adaptive change in the pigment composition on the excited-state dynamics. The complex contains additional Chl b spectral forms - absorbing at around 650 nm and 658 nm - and lacks the red-most Chl a forms compared with higher-plant LHCII. Similar to plant LHCII, energy transfer between Chls occurs on timescales from under hundred fs (mainly from Chl b to Chl a) to several picoseconds (mainly between Chl a pools). However, the presence of long-lived, weakly coupled Chl b and Chl a states leads to slower exciton equilibration in LHCII from B. corticulans. The finding demonstrates a trade-off between the enhanced absorption of blue-green light and the excitation migration time. However, the adaptive change does not result in a significant drop in the overall photochemical efficiency of Photosystem II. These results show that LHCII is a robust adaptable system whose spectral properties can be tuned to the environment for optimal light harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Akhtar
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary; ELI-ALPS, ELI Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Paweł J Nowakowski
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Wenda Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Thanh Nhut Do
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Songhao Zhao
- Photosynthesis Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Giuliano Siligardi
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Győző Garab
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Howe-Siang Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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13
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Fresch E, Meneghin E, Agostini A, Paulsen H, Carbonera D, Collini E. How the Protein Environment Can Tune the Energy, the Coupling, and the Ultrafast Dynamics of Interacting Chlorophylls: The Example of the Water-Soluble Chlorophyll Protein. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:1059-1067. [PMID: 31952446 PMCID: PMC7995254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The interplay between active molecules and the protein environment in light-harvesting complexes tunes the photophysics and the dynamical properties of pigment-protein complexes in a subtle way, which is not fully understood. Here we characterized the photophysics and the ultrafast dynamics of four variants of the water-soluble chlorophyll protein (WSCP) as an ideal model system to study the behavior of strongly interacting chlorophylls. We found that when coordinated by the WSCP protein, the presence of the formyl group in chlorophyll b replacing the methyl group in chlorophyll a strongly affects the exciton energy and the dynamics of the system, opening up the possibility of tuning the photophysics and the transport properties of multichromophores by engineering specific interactions with the surroundings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Fresch
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Elena Meneghin
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Agostini
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua, Italy
- Institute
of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Johannes-von-Müller-Weg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Harald Paulsen
- Institute
of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Johannes-von-Müller-Weg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Donatella Carbonera
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Collini
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua, Italy
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14
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Agostini A, Meneghin E, Gewehr L, Pedron D, Palm DM, Carbonera D, Paulsen H, Jaenicke E, Collini E. How water-mediated hydrogen bonds affect chlorophyll a/b selectivity in Water-Soluble Chlorophyll Protein. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18255. [PMID: 31796824 PMCID: PMC6890793 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Water-Soluble Chlorophyll Protein (WSCP) of Brassicaceae is a remarkably stable tetrapyrrole-binding protein that, by virtue of its simple design, is an exceptional model to investigate the interactions taking place between pigments and their protein scaffold and how they affect the photophysical properties and the functionality of the complexes. We investigated variants of WSCP from Lepidium virginicum (Lv) and Brassica oleracea (Bo), reconstituted with Chlorophyll (Chl) b, to determine the mechanisms by which the different Chl binding sites control their Chl a/b specificities. A combined Raman and crystallographic investigation has been employed, aimed to characterize in detail the hydrogen-bond network involving the formyl group of Chl b. The study revealed a variable degree of conformational freedom of the hydrogen bond networks among the WSCP variants, and an unexpected mixed presence of hydrogen-bonded and not hydrogen-bonded Chls b in the case of the L91P mutant of Lv WSCP. These findings helped to refine the description of the mechanisms underlying the different Chl a/b specificities of WSCP versions, highlighting the importance of the structural rigidity of the Chl binding site in the vicinity of the Chl b formyl group in granting a strong selectivity to binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Agostini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy. .,Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Johannes-von-Müller-Weg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Elena Meneghin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucas Gewehr
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Johannes-von-Müller-Weg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Danilo Pedron
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Daniel M Palm
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Johannes-von-Müller-Weg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Donatella Carbonera
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Harald Paulsen
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Johannes-von-Müller-Weg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Elmar Jaenicke
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Jakob-Welder-Weg 26, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Elisabetta Collini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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15
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Do TN, Huerta-Viga A, Akhtar P, Nguyen HL, Nowakowski PJ, Khyasudeen MF, Lambrev PH, Tan HS. Revealing the excitation energy transfer network of Light-Harvesting Complex II by a phenomenological analysis of two-dimensional electronic spectra at 77 K. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:205101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5125744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Nhut Do
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Adriana Huerta-Viga
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Parveen Akhtar
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári Körút 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Budapesti út 5, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Hoang Long Nguyen
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Paweł J. Nowakowski
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - M. Faisal Khyasudeen
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Petar H. Lambrev
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári Körút 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Howe-Siang Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
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16
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Golub M, Moldenhauer M, Schmitt FJ, Lohstroh W, Maksimov EG, Friedrich T, Pieper J. Solution Structure and Conformational Flexibility in the Active State of the Orange Carotenoid Protein. Part II: Quasielastic Neutron Scattering. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:9536-9545. [PMID: 31550157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b05073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Orange carotenoid proteins (OCPs), which are protecting cyanobacterial light-harvesting antennae from photodamage, undergo a pronounced structural change upon light absorption. In addition, the active state is anticipated to boost a significantly higher molecular flexibility similar to a "molten globule" state. Here, we used quasielastic neutron scattering to directly characterize the vibrational and conformational molecular dynamics of OCP in its ground and active states, respectively, on the picosecond time scale. At a temperature of 100 K, we observe mainly (vibronic) inelastic features with peak energies at 5 and 6 meV (40 and 48 cm-1, respectively). At physiological temperatures, however, two (Lorentzian) quasielastic components represent localized protein motions, that is, stochastic structural fluctuations of protein side chains between various conformational substates of the protein. Global diffusion of OCP is not observed on the given time scale. The slower Lorentzian component is affected by illumination and can be well-characterized by a jump-diffusion model. While the jump diffusion constant D is (2.82 ± 0.01) × 10-5 cm2/s at 300 K in the ground state, it is increased by ∼20% to (3.48 ± 0.01) × 10-5 cm2/s in the active state, revealing a strong enhancement of molecular mobility. The increased mobility is also reflected in the average atomic mean square displacement ⟨u2⟩; we determine a ⟨u2⟩ of 1.47 ± 0.05 Å in the ground state, but 1.86 ± 0.05 Å in the active state (at 300 K). This effect is assigned to two factors: (i) the elongated structure of the active state with two widely separated protein domains is characterized by a larger number of surface residues with a concomitantly higher degree of motional freedom and (ii) a larger number of hydration water molecules bound at the surface of the protein. We thus conclude that the active state of the orange carotenoid protein displays an enhanced conformational dynamics. The higher degree of flexibility may provide additional channels for nonradiative decay so that harmful excess energy can be more efficiently converted to heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksym Golub
- Institute of Physics , University of Tartu , 50411 Tartu , Estonia
| | - Marcus Moldenhauer
- Technische Universität Berlin , Institute of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry , 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Schmitt
- Technische Universität Berlin , Institute of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry , 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Wiebke Lohstroh
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum , Technische Universität München , Garching , Germany
| | - Eugene G Maksimov
- Department of Biophysics , M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russia
| | - Thomas Friedrich
- Technische Universität Berlin , Institute of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry , 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Jörg Pieper
- Institute of Physics , University of Tartu , 50411 Tartu , Estonia
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17
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Macroorganisation and flexibility of thylakoid membranes. Biochem J 2019; 476:2981-3018. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The light reactions of photosynthesis are hosted and regulated by the chloroplast thylakoid membrane (TM) — the central structural component of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants and algae. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional arrangement of the lipid–protein assemblies, aka macroorganisation, and its dynamic responses to the fluctuating physiological environment, aka flexibility, are the subject of this review. An emphasis is given on the information obtainable by spectroscopic approaches, especially circular dichroism (CD). We briefly summarise the current knowledge of the composition and three-dimensional architecture of the granal TMs in plants and the supramolecular organisation of Photosystem II and light-harvesting complex II therein. We next acquaint the non-specialist reader with the fundamentals of CD spectroscopy, recent advances such as anisotropic CD, and applications for studying the structure and macroorganisation of photosynthetic complexes and membranes. Special attention is given to the structural and functional flexibility of light-harvesting complex II in vitro as revealed by CD and fluorescence spectroscopy. We give an account of the dynamic changes in membrane macroorganisation associated with the light-adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus and the regulation of the excitation energy flow by state transitions and non-photochemical quenching.
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18
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Akhtar P, Do TN, Nowakowski PJ, Huerta-Viga A, Khyasudeen MF, Lambrev PH, Tan HS. Temperature Dependence of the Energy Transfer in LHCII Studied by Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:6765-6775. [PMID: 31310128 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b05421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We measured two-dimensional electronic spectra of light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) at various temperatures (77, 110, 150, 230, and 295 K) under conditions free from singlet-singlet annihilation. We elucidated the temperature-dependent excitation energy transfer dynamics in the Chl a manifold of LHCII. Global analysis revealed that the dynamics can be summarized in distinct time scales from 200 fs up to 15 ps. While the fastest dynamics with a decay time of ∼0.2-0.3 ps are relatively temperature-independent, the lifetimes and relative contributions of slower components showed considerable temperature dependence. The slowest time scale of equilibration with the lowest-energy Chl a increased from ∼5 ps at 295 K to ∼15 ps at 77 K. The final excited state is independent of initial excitation at 230 K and above, whereas static energy disorder is apparent at lower temperatures. A clear temperature dependence of uphill energy transfer processes was also discerned, which is consistent with the detailed-balance condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Akhtar
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári körút 62 , Szeged 6726 , Hungary
- ELI-ALPS , ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd ., Budapesti út 5 , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Thanh Nhut Do
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
| | - Paweł J Nowakowski
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
| | - Adriana Huerta-Viga
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
| | - M Faisal Khyasudeen
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
| | - Petar H Lambrev
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári körút 62 , Szeged 6726 , Hungary
| | - Howe-Siang Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
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19
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Golub M, Pieper J, Peters J, Kangur L, Martin EC, Hunter CN, Freiberg A. Picosecond Dynamical Response to a Pressure-Induced Break of the Tertiary Structure Hydrogen Bonds in a Membrane Chromoprotein. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:2087-2093. [PMID: 30739452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b11196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We used elastic incoherent neutron scattering (EINS) to find out if structural changes accompanying local hydrogen bond rupture are also reflected in global dynamical response of the protein complex. Chromatophore membranes from LH2-only strains of the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides, with spheroidenone or neurosporene as the major carotenoids, were subjected to high hydrostatic pressure at ambient temperature. Optical spectroscopy conducted at high pressure confirmed rupture of tertiary structure hydrogen bonds. In parallel, we used EINS to follow average motions of the hydrogen atoms in LH2, which reflect the flexibility of this complex. A decrease of the average atomic mean square displacements of hydrogen atoms was observed up to a pressure of 5 kbar in both carotenoid samples due to general stiffening of protein structures, while at higher pressures a slight increase of the displacements was detected in the neurosporene mutant LH2 sample only. These data show a correlation between the local pressure-induced breakage of H-bonds, observed in optical spectra, with the altered protein dynamics monitored by EINS. The slightly higher compressibility of the neurosporene mutant sample shows that even subtle alterations of carotenoids are manifested on a larger scale and emphasize a close connection between the local structure and global dynamics of this membrane protein complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksym Golub
- Institute of Physics , University of Tartu , W. Ostwald Str. 1 , 50411 Tartu , Estonia
| | - Jörg Pieper
- Institute of Physics , University of Tartu , W. Ostwald Str. 1 , 50411 Tartu , Estonia
| | - Judith Peters
- Institut Laue Langevin , F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 , France.,University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy , 38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Liina Kangur
- Institute of Physics , University of Tartu , W. Ostwald Str. 1 , 50411 Tartu , Estonia
| | - Elizabeth C Martin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology , University of Sheffield , S10 2TN Sheffield , U.K
| | - C Neil Hunter
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology , University of Sheffield , S10 2TN Sheffield , U.K
| | - Arvi Freiberg
- Institute of Physics , University of Tartu , W. Ostwald Str. 1 , 50411 Tartu , Estonia.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology , University of Tartu , Riia 23 , 51010 Tartu , Estonia
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20
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Akhtar P, Lindorfer D, Lingvay M, Pawlak K, Zsiros O, Siligardi G, Jávorfi T, Dorogi M, Ughy B, Garab G, Renger T, Lambrev PH. Anisotropic Circular Dichroism of Light-Harvesting Complex II in Oriented Lipid Bilayers: Theory Meets Experiment. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:1090-1098. [PMID: 30604975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Anisotropic circular dichroism (ACD) spectroscopy of macroscopically aligned molecules reveals additional information about their excited states that is lost in the CD of randomly oriented solutions. ACD spectra of light-harvesting complex II (LHCII)-the main peripheral antenna of photosystem II in plants-in oriented lipid bilayers were recorded from the far-UV to the visible wavelength region. ACD spectra show a drastically enhanced magnitude and level of detail compared to the isotropic CD spectra, resolving a greater number of bands and weak optical transitions. Exciton calculations show that the spectral features in the chlorophyll Q y region are well-reproduced by an existing Hamiltonian for LHCII, providing further evidence for the identity of energy sinks at chlorophylls a603 and a610 in the stromal layer and chlorophylls a604 and a613 in the luminal layer. We propose ACD spectroscopy to be a valuable tool linking the three-dimensional structure and the photophysical properties of pigment-protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Akhtar
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary.,ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd. , Budapesti út 5 , 6728 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Dominik Lindorfer
- Institute for Theoretical Physics , Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenberger Str. 69 , 4040 Linz , Austria
| | - Mónika Lingvay
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary.,Faculty of Science and Informatics, Doctoral School of Physics , University of Szeged , Dóm tér 9 , 6720 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Krzysztof Pawlak
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Ottó Zsiros
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Giuliano Siligardi
- Diamond Light Source Ltd. , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot , Oxfordshire OX11 0DE , U.K
| | - Tamás Jávorfi
- Diamond Light Source Ltd. , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot , Oxfordshire OX11 0DE , U.K
| | - Márta Dorogi
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Bettina Ughy
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Győző Garab
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary.,Faculty of Science, Department of Physics , University of Ostrava , Chittussiho 10 , 710 00 Ostrava , Czech Republic
| | - Thomas Renger
- Institute for Theoretical Physics , Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenberger Str. 69 , 4040 Linz , Austria
| | - Petar H Lambrev
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary
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21
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Adolphs J, Maier F, Renger T. Wavelength-Dependent Exciton-Vibrational Coupling in the Water-Soluble Chlorophyll Binding Protein Revealed by Multilevel Theory of Difference Fluorescence Line-Narrowing. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:8891-8899. [PMID: 30183300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b08410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
One of the most powerful line-narrowing techniques used to unravel the homogeneous lineshapes of inhomogeneously broadened systems is difference fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopy. When this spectroscopy was applied to multichromophoric systems so far, the spectra were analyzed by an effective two-level system approach, composed of the electronic ground state and the lowest exciton state. An effective Huang-Rhys factor was assigned for the coupling of this state to the vibrations. Here, we extend this approach by including a multilevel line shape theory, which takes into account the excitonic coupling between pigments and thereby the effect of the delocalization of the excited states explicitly. In this way, it becomes possible to extract the spectral density of the local exciton-vibrational coupling. The theory is applied to the recombinant water-soluble chlorophyll binding protein reconstituted with chlorophyll a or b and reveals a significant decrease of the Huang-Rhys factor of the local exciton-vibrational coupling with decreasing transition energy of the chlorophylls. This decrease could be due to the increase in steric interactions reducing the flexibility of the environment and red-shifting the site energy of the pigments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Adolphs
- Institute for Theoretical Physics , Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenberger Strasse 69 , 4040 Linz , Austria
| | - Franziska Maier
- Institute for Theoretical Physics , Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenberger Strasse 69 , 4040 Linz , Austria
| | - Thomas Renger
- Institute for Theoretical Physics , Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenberger Strasse 69 , 4040 Linz , Austria
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22
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Pieper J, Artene P, Rätsep M, Pajusalu M, Freiberg A. Evaluation of Electron–Phonon Coupling and Spectral Densities of Pigment–Protein Complexes by Line-Narrowed Optical Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:9289-9301. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b05220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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23
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Golub M, Rusevich L, Irrgang KD, Pieper J. Rigid versus Flexible Protein Matrix: Light-Harvesting Complex II Exhibits a Temperature-Dependent Phonon Spectral Density. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:7111-7121. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b02948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maksym Golub
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Leonid Rusevich
- Institute of Physical Energetics, Krivu 11, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia
| | - Klaus-Dieter Irrgang
- Department of Life Science & Technology, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University for Applied Sciences, 10318 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Pieper
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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24
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Ramanan C, Ferretti M, van Roon H, Novoderezhkin VI, van Grondelle R. Evidence for coherent mixing of excited and charge-transfer states in the major plant light-harvesting antenna, LHCII. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:22877-22886. [PMID: 28812075 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03038j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
LHCII, the major light harvesting antenna from plants, plays a dual role in photosynthesis. In low light it is a light-harvester, while in high light it is a quencher that protects the organism from photodamage. The switching mechanism between these two orthogonal conditions is mediated by protein dynamic disorder and photoprotective energy dissipation. The latter in particular is thought to occur in part via spectroscopically 'dark' states. We searched for such states in LHCII trimers from spinach, at both room temperature and at 77 K. Using 2D electronic spectroscopy, we explored coherent interactions between chlorophylls absorbing on the low-energy side of LHCII, which is the region that is responsible for both light-harvesting and photoprotection. 2D beating frequency maps allow us to identify four frequencies with strong excitonic character. In particular, our results show the presence of a low-lying state that is coupled to a low-energy excitonic state. We assign this to a mixed excitonic-charge transfer state involving the state with charge separation within the Chl a603-b609 heterodimer, borrowing some dipole strength from the Chl a602-a603 excited states. Such a state may play a role in photoprotection, in conjunction with specific and environmentally controlled realizations of protein dynamic disorder. Our identification and assignment of the coherences observed in the 2D frequency maps suggests that the structure of exciton states as well as a mixing of the excited and charge-transfer states is affected by coupling of these states to resonant vibrations in LHCII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charusheela Ramanan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Lasers, Life, and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marco Ferretti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Lasers, Life, and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Henny van Roon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Lasers, Life, and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Vladimir I Novoderezhkin
- A.N. Berlozersky Intitut of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Lasers, Life, and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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25
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Pieper J, Rätsep M, Golub M, Schmitt FJ, Artene P, Eckert HJ. Excitation energy transfer in phycobiliproteins of the cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina investigated by spectral hole burning. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2017; 133:225-234. [PMID: 28560566 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina developed two types of antenna complexes, which contain chlorophyll-d (Chl d) and phycocyanobilin (PCB) as light-harvesting pigment molecules, respectively. The latter membrane-extrinsic complexes are denoted as phycobiliproteins (PBPs). Spectral hole burning was employed to study excitation energy transfer and electron-phonon coupling in PBPs. The data reveal a rich spectral substructure with a total of four low-energy electronic states whose absorption bands peak at 633, 644, 654, and at about 673 nm. The electronic states at ~633 and 644 nm can be tentatively attributed to phycocyanin (PC) and allophycocyanin (APC), respectively. The remaining low-energy electronic states including the terminal emitter at 673 nm may be associated with different isoforms of PC, APC, or the linker protein. Furthermore, the hole burning data reveal a large number of excited state vibrational frequencies, which are characteristic for the chromophore PCB. In summary, the results are in good agreement with the low-energy level structure of PBPs and electron-phonon coupling parameters reported by Gryliuk et al. (BBA 1837:1490-1499, 2014) based on difference fluorescence line-narrowing experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Pieper
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Margus Rätsep
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maksym Golub
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Franz-Josef Schmitt
- Max-Volmer-Laboratories for Biophysical Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petrica Artene
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hann-Jörg Eckert
- Max-Volmer-Laboratories for Biophysical Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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26
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Protein and lipid dynamics in photosynthetic thylakoid membranes investigated by in-situ solid-state NMR. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:1849-1859. [PMID: 27626974 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthetic thylakoid membranes contain the protein machinery to convert sunlight in chemical energy and regulate this process in changing environmental conditions via interplay between lipid, protein and xanthophyll molecular constituents. This work addresses the molecular effects of zeaxanthin accumulation in thylakoids, which occurs in native systems under high light conditions through the conversion of the xanthophyll violaxanthin into zeaxanthin via the so called xanthophyll cycle. We applied biosynthetic isotope labeling and 13C solid-state NMR spectroscopy to simultaneously probe the conformational dynamics of protein, lipid and xanthophyll constituents of thylakoids isolated from wild type (cw15) and npq2 mutant of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, that accumulates zeaxanthin constitutively. Results show differential dynamics of wild type and npq2 thylakoids. Ordered-phase lipids have reduced mobility and mobile-phase lipids have enlarged dynamics in npq2 membranes, together spanning a broader dynamical range. The fraction of ordered lipids is much larger than the fraction of mobile lipids, which explains why zeaxanthin appears to cause overall reduction of thylakoid membrane fluidity. In addition to the ordered lipids, also the xanthophylls and a subset of protein sites in npq2 thylakoids have reduced conformational dynamics. Our work demonstrates the applicability of solid-state NMR spectroscopy for obtaining a microscopic picture of different membrane constituents simultaneously, inside native, heterogeneous membranes.
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Russo D, Rea G, Lambreva MD, Haertlein M, Moulin M, De Francesco A, Campi G. Water Collective Dynamics in Whole Photosynthetic Green Algae as Affected by Protein Single Mutation. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:2429-2433. [PMID: 27300078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the context of the importance of water molecules for protein function/dynamics relationship, the role of water collective dynamics in Chlamydomonas green algae carrying both native and mutated photosynthetic proteins has been investigated by neutron Brillouin scattering spectroscopy. Results show that single point genetic mutation may notably affect collective density fluctuations in hydrating water providing important insight on the transmission of information possibly correlated to biological functionality. In particular, we highlight that the damping factor of the excitations is larger in the native compared to the mutant algae as a signature of a different plasticity and structure of the hydrogen bond network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Russo
- CNR Istituto Officina dei Materiali c/o Institut Laue Langevin , 38042 Grenoble, France
- Institut Lumière Matière, Université de Lyon 1 , 69100 Lyon, France
| | - Giuseppina Rea
- CNR Istituto di Crystallografia 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, 70126 Roma, Italy
| | - Maya D Lambreva
- CNR Istituto di Crystallografia 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, 70126 Roma, Italy
| | - Michael Haertlein
- ILL Deuteration Laboratory, Partnership for Structural Biology, 38042 Grenoble, France
- Life Sciences Group, Institut Laue-Langevin , 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Martine Moulin
- ILL Deuteration Laboratory, Partnership for Structural Biology, 38042 Grenoble, France
- Life Sciences Group, Institut Laue-Langevin , 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Alessio De Francesco
- CNR Istituto Officina dei Materiali c/o Institut Laue Langevin , 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Gaetano Campi
- CNR Istituto di Crystallografia 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, 70126 Roma, Italy
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Fujiwara S, Araki K, Matsuo T, Yagi H, Yamada T, Shibata K, Mochizuki H. Dynamical Behavior of Human α-Synuclein Studied by Quasielastic Neutron Scattering. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151447. [PMID: 27097022 PMCID: PMC4838215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
α-synuclein (αSyn) is a protein consisting of 140 amino acid residues and is abundant in the presynaptic nerve terminals in the brain. Although its precise function is unknown, the filamentous aggregates (amyloid fibrils) of αSyn have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, which is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. To understand the pathogenesis mechanism of this disease, the mechanism of the amyloid fibril formation of αSyn must be elucidated. Purified αSyn from bacterial expression is monomeric but intrinsically disordered in solution and forms amyloid fibrils under various conditions. As a first step toward elucidating the mechanism of the fibril formation of αSyn, we investigated dynamical behavior of the purified αSyn in the monomeric state and the fibril state using quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS). We prepared the solution sample of 9.5 mg/ml purified αSyn, and that of 46 mg/ml αSyn in the fibril state, both at pD 7.4 in D2O. The QENS experiments on these samples were performed using the near-backscattering spectrometer, BL02 (DNA), at the Materials and Life Science Facility at the Japan Accelerator Research Complex, Japan. Analysis of the QENS spectra obtained shows that diffusive global motions are observed in the monomeric state but largely suppressed in the fibril state. However, the amplitude of the side chain motion is shown to be larger in the fibril state than in the monomeric state. This implies that significant solvent space exists within the fibrils, which is attributed to the αSyn molecules within the fibrils having a distribution of conformations. The larger amplitude of the side chain motion in the fibril state than in the monomeric state implies that the fibril state is entropically favorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Fujiwara
- Quantum Beam Science Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Katsuya Araki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuhito Matsuo
- Quantum Beam Science Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yagi
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamada
- Research Center for Neutron Science and Technology, CROSS-Tokai, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kaoru Shibata
- Neutron Science Section, J-PARC Center, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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The quest for energy traps in the CP43 antenna of photosystem II. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 152:286-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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From light-harvesting to photoprotection: structural basis of the dynamic switch of the major antenna complex of plants (LHCII). Sci Rep 2015; 5:15661. [PMID: 26493782 PMCID: PMC4616226 DOI: 10.1038/srep15661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-Harvesting Complex II (LHCII) is largely responsible for light absorption and excitation energy transfer in plants in light-limiting conditions, while in high-light it participates in photoprotection. It is generally believed that LHCII can change its function by switching between different conformations. However, the underlying molecular picture has not been elucidated yet. The available crystal structures represent the quenched form of the complex, while solubilized LHCII has the properties of the unquenched state. To determine the structural changes involved in the switch and to identify potential quenching sites, we have explored the structural dynamics of LHCII, by performing a series of microsecond Molecular Dynamics simulations. We show that LHCII in the membrane differs substantially from the crystal and has the signatures that were experimentally associated with the light-harvesting state. Local conformational changes at the N-terminus and at the xanthophyll neoxanthin are found to strongly correlate with changes in the interactions energies of two putative quenching sites. In particular conformational disorder is observed at the terminal emitter resulting in large variations of the excitonic coupling strength of this chlorophyll pair. Our results strongly support the hypothesis that light-harvesting regulation in LHCII is coupled with structural changes.
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