1
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Mohammadi MR, Hadavimoghaddam F, Atashrouz S, Abedi A, Hemmati-Sarapardeh A, Mohaddespour A. Toward predicting SO2 solubility in ionic liquids utilizing soft computing approaches and equations of state. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2022.104220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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2
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Understanding the fundamental interaction mechanism of hazardous gases and imidazolium based ionic liquids for efficient gas adsorption. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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3
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Efficient absorption of low partial pressure SO2 by deep eutectic solvents based on pyridine derivatives. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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4
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SO2 capture by tricyanomethanide ionic liquids: Unraveling anion-gas interactions by resonance Raman spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.139106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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5
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Xie H, Xu Y, Wei J. SO 2 absorption in pure ionic liquids: Solubility and functionalization. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 392:122504. [PMID: 32208319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The SO2 solubility in ionic liquids and absorption mechanisms with different functionalities, including ether, halide, carboxylate, dicarboxylate, thiocynate, phenol, amino, azole groups, etc., are presented in this review. Strategies of improving SO2 capture with low binding energy and the separation performance from CO2 are also concluded. Generally, moderate basicity is favourable for enhancing SO2 capacity and the water (below 6 wt%) effect on absorption is indefinite but generally slight. Introducing electron-withdrawing substituents such as nitrile, halogen, aldehyde and carboxylic groups are proposed to decrease the chemical absorption enthalpy between ionic liquid and SO2 in order to reduce regeneration power consumption. Although it is promising, the absorption enthalpy is still much higher than the physisorption performance especially of the ether-functionalized ones. The biocompatible choline-based, betaine-based, and amino acid ionic liquids have clear trends to be applied in SO2 capture due to their biodegradability, nontoxicity and easy accessibility. Generally, comparing to the traditional solvents, ionic liquids have made great improvement in SO2 capacity, however, the high viscosity and desorption energy are two main obstacles for SO2 absorption and separation. Molecular simulations have been applied to reveal the absorption regimes involving the roles of basic functionalities and physical interactions especially the hydrogen bonds, which could be referred for structure designing of the available ionic liquids with readily fluid characteristics and absorption ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanyun Wang
- School of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Safety Production of Henan Province, Jiaozuo, 454003, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Gas Geology and Gas Control in Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China
| | - Yajuan Zhang
- School of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China
| | - Huilong Xie
- School of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China
| | - Yongliang Xu
- School of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Safety Production of Henan Province, Jiaozuo, 454003, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Gas Geology and Gas Control in Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China.
| | - Jianping Wei
- School of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Safety Production of Henan Province, Jiaozuo, 454003, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Gas Geology and Gas Control in Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China.
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6
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Yang B, Shang D, Tu W, Zeng S, Bai L, Wang H, Zhang X. Studies on the physical properties variations of protic ionic liquid during NH3 absorption. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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7
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Yan S, Han F, Hou Q, Zhang S, Ai S. Recent Advances in Ionic Liquid-Mediated SO2 Capture. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaorui Yan
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Feng Han
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Qingning Hou
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shiyun Ai
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
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8
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Zhang X, Jiang K, Liu Z, Yao X, Liu X, Zeng S, Dong K, Zhang S. Insight into the Performance of Acid Gas in Ionic Liquids by Molecular Simulation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b04929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Chemical and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Shaojuan Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kun Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Suojiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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9
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Xu Q, Jiang W, Xiao J, Wei X. Solubility of sulfur dioxide in tetraglyme-NH4SCN ionic liquid: high absorption efficiency. RSC Adv 2018; 8:42116-42122. [PMID: 35558757 PMCID: PMC9092115 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08991d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple prepared tetraglyme-NH4SCN ionic liquid is used to absorb sulfur dioxide efficiently and regenerate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- PR China
| | - Wei Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- PR China
| | - Jianbai Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- PR China
| | - Xionghui Wei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- PR China
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10
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MONDAL ANIRBAN, BALASUBRAMANIAN SUNDARAM. Molecular Dynamics Investigation of Efficient SO2 Absorption by Anion-Functionalized Ionic Liquids. J CHEM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-017-1236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Lourenço TC, Aparicio S, Costa GC, Costa LT. Local environment structure and dynamics of CO 2 in the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide and related ionic liquids. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:104502. [PMID: 28298100 DOI: 10.1063/1.4977786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the innumerous papers regarding the study of the ionic liquids as a potential candidate for CO2 capture, many details concerning the structure and dynamics of CO2 in the system are still to be revealed, i.e., the correlation between the local environment structure and the dynamic properties of the substance. This present work relied on the performance of molecular dynamics both for the neat [C2mim][Tf2N] and [C2mim][Tf2N]/CO2 mixtures in an attempt to elucidate the local environment of CO2 and their effects on the dynamic properties of [C2mim][Tf2N]. A slight change in the orientation of the cation and anion could be observed, which was correlated to the cation and anion moving away from each other in order to receive the carbon dioxide. The gas molecules pushed both the cation and the anion away to create sufficient void to its accommodation. The diffusion coefficient of [C2mim]+ is higher than [Tf2N]- regardless the increase of the CO2 concentration. The addition of CO2 in the ionic liquid has shown an increase of 4-5 times for the diffusivity of ions, which was related to the decrease of cation-anion interaction strength. The transport properties' results showed that the addition of CO2 in the ionic liquid generates the fluidization of the system, decreasing the viscosity as a consequence of the local environment structure changing. Likewise, the effect of the type of anion and cation on the system properties was studied considering [Ac]- and [BMpyr]+ ions, showing large effects by the change of anion to [Ac]- which rise from the strong [C2mim]+-[Ac]- interaction, which conditions the solvation of ions by CO2 molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuanan C Lourenço
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva 700, CEP, 37130-000 Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela C Costa
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva 700, CEP, 37130-000 Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciano T Costa
- Instituto de Química - Departamento de Físico-Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n CEP, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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12
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Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopy has continued use as a powerful tool to characterize ionic liquids since the literature on room temperature molten salts experienced the rapid increase in number of publications in the 1990's. In the past years, infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopies have provided insights on ionic interactions and the resulting liquid structure in ionic liquids. A large body of information is now available concerning vibrational spectra of ionic liquids made of many different combinations of anions and cations, but reviews on this literature are scarce. This review is an attempt at filling this gap. Some basic care needed while recording IR or Raman spectra of ionic liquids is explained. We have reviewed the conceptual basis of theoretical frameworks which have been used to interpret vibrational spectra of ionic liquids, helping the reader to distinguish the scope of application of different methods of calculation. Vibrational frequencies observed in IR and Raman spectra of ionic liquids based on different anions and cations are discussed and eventual disagreements between different sources are critically reviewed. The aim is that the reader can use this information while assigning vibrational spectra of an ionic liquid containing another particular combination of anions and cations. Different applications of IR and Raman spectroscopies are given for both pure ionic liquids and solutions. Further issues addressed in this review are the intermolecular vibrations that are more directly probed by the low-frequency range of IR and Raman spectra and the applications of vibrational spectroscopy in studying phase transitions of ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor H Paschoal
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia Molecular, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo , Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Luiz F O Faria
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia Molecular, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo , Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mauro C C Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia Molecular, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo , Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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13
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Hoher K, Cardoso PF, Lepre LF, Ando RA, Siqueira LJA. Molecular dynamics and a spectroscopic study of sulfur dioxide absorption by an ionic liquid and its mixtures with PEO. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:28901-28910. [PMID: 27723855 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04036e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An investigation comprising experimental techniques (absorption capacity of SO2 and vibrational spectroscopy) and molecular simulations (thermodynamics, structure, and dynamics) has been performed for the polymer poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), the ionic liquid butyltrimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([N4111][Tf2N]) and their mixtures as sulfur dioxide (SO2) absorbing materials. The polymer PEO has higher capacity to absorb SO2 than the neat ionic liquid, whereas the mixtures presented intermediary absorption capacities. The band assigned to the symmetric stretching band of SO2 at ca. 1140 cm-1, which is considered a spectroscopic probe for the strength of SO2 interactions with its neighborhood, shifts to lower wavenumbers as more negative total interaction energy values of SO2 were evaluated from the simulations. The solvation free energy of SO2, ΔGsol, correlates linearly with the absorption capacity of SO2. The negative values of ΔGsol are due to negative and positive values of enthalpy and entropy, respectively. In the ionic liquid, SO2 weakens the cation-anion interactions, whereas in the mixture with a high content of PEO these interactions are slightly increased. Such effects were correlated with the relative population of cisoid and transoid conformers of Tf2N anions as revealed by Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, the presence of SO2 in the systems provokes the increase of diffusion coefficients of the absorbing species in comparison with the systems without the gas. Proper to the slow dynamics of the polymer, the diffusion coefficient of ions and SO2 diminishes with the increase of the PEO content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Hoher
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau, 210 Diadema-SP-CEP09913-030, Brazil.
| | - Piercarlo F Cardoso
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau, 210 Diadema-SP-CEP09913-030, Brazil.
| | - Luiz F Lepre
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP-CEP 055080-000, Brazil
| | - Rômulo A Ando
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP-CEP 055080-000, Brazil
| | - Leonardo J A Siqueira
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau, 210 Diadema-SP-CEP09913-030, Brazil.
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14
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Abstract
Ionic liquids have generated interest for efficient SO2 absorption due to their low vapor pressure and versatility. In this work, a systematic investigation of the structure, thermodynamics, and dynamics of SO2 absorption by ionic liquids has been carried out through quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. MP2 level calculations of several ion pairs complexed with SO2 reveal its preferential interaction with the anion. Results of condensed phase MD simulations of SO2-IL mixtures manifested the essential role of both cations and anions in the solvation of SO2, where the solute is surrounded by the "cage" formed by the cations (primarily its alkyl tail) through dispersion interactions. These structural effects of gas absorption are substantiated by calculated Gibbs free energy of solvation; the dissolution is demonstrated to be enthalpy driven. The entropic loss of SO2 absorption in ionic liquids with a larger anion such as [NTf2](-) has been quantified and has been attributed to the conformational restriction of the anion imposed by its interaction with SO2. SO2 loading IL decreases its shear viscosity and enhances the electrical conductivity. This systematic study provides a molecular level understanding which can aid the design of task-specific ILs as electrolytes for efficient SO2 absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Mondal
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research , Bangalore 560 064, India
| | - Sundaram Balasubramanian
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research , Bangalore 560 064, India
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15
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Zeng S, Zhang X, Gao H, He H, Zhang X, Zhang S. SO2-Induced Variations in the Viscosity of Ionic Liquids Investigated by in Situ Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Simulation Calculations. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b01807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaojuan Zeng
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green
Process and Engineering, and State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex
Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green
Process and Engineering, and State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex
Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongshuai Gao
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green
Process and Engineering, and State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex
Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongyan He
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green
Process and Engineering, and State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex
Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiangping Zhang
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green
Process and Engineering, and State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex
Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Suojiang Zhang
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green
Process and Engineering, and State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex
Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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16
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Solvation of molecular cosolvents and inorganic salts in ionic liquids: A review of molecular dynamics simulations. J Mol Liq 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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π-Hole interaction: a theoretical insight into the mechanism of SO2 captured by [Et2NEMim][Tetz] ionic liquids. J Mol Model 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-015-2747-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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SO 2 Solvation in the 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Thiocyanate Ionic Liquid by Incorporation into the Extended Cation-Anion Network. J SOLUTION CHEM 2015; 44:838-849. [PMID: 25960583 PMCID: PMC4412831 DOI: 10.1007/s10953-015-0321-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have carried out an ab initio molecular dynamics study on the sulfur dioxide (SO2) solvation in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate for which we have observed that both cations and anions play an essential role in the solvation of SO2. Whereas, the anions tend to form a thiocyanate- and much less often an isothiocyanate-SO2 adduct, the cations create a “cage” around SO2 with those groups of atoms that donate weak interactions like the alkyl hydrogen atoms as well as the heavy atoms of the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\pi $$\end{document}π-system. Despite these similarities between the solvation of SO2 and CO2 in ionic liquids, an essential difference was observed with respect to the acidic protons. Whereas CO2 avoids accepting hydrogen bonds form the acidic hydrogen atoms of the cations, SO2 can from O(SO2)–H(cation) hydrogen bonds and thus together with the strong anion-adduct it actively integrates in the hydrogen bond network of this particular ionic liquid. The fact that SO2 acts in this way was termed a linker effect by us, because the SO2 can be situated between cation and anion operating as a linker between them. The particular contacts are the H(cation)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\cdots $$\end{document}⋯O(SO2) hydrogen bond and a S(anion)–S(SO2) sulfur bridge. Clearly, this observation provides a possible explanation for the question of why the SO2 solubility in these ionic liquids is so high.
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19
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García G, Atilhan M, Aparicio S. Assessment of DFT methods for studying acid gas capture by ionic liquids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:26875-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04283f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, this work reports an analysis of the performance of Density Functional methods for studying acid gas capture (CO2 and SO2) by ionic liquids (ILs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio García
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Burgos
- 09001 Burgos
- Spain
| | - Mert Atilhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Qatar University
- Doha
- Qatar
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20
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García G, Atilhan M, Aparicio S. A density functional theory insight towards the rational design of ionic liquids for SO2 capture. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:13559-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00076a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A systematic density functional theory (DFT) analysis has been carried out to obtain information at the molecular level on those factors related to efficient SO2 capture by ionic liquids. A set of 55 ionic liquids, for which high gas solubility is expected, has been selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio García
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Burgos
- 09001 Burgos
- Spain
| | - Mert Atilhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Qatar University
- Doha
- Qatar
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21
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22
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Hong SY, Kim H, Kim YJ, Jeong J, Cheong M, Lee H, Kim HS, Lee JS. Nitrile-functionalized tertiary amines as highly efficient and reversible SO2 absorbents. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 264:136-143. [PMID: 24291666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Three different types of nitrile-functionalized amines, including 3-(N,N-diethylamino)propionitrile (DEAPN), 3-(N,N-dibutylamino)propionitrile (DBAPN), and N-methyl-N,N-dipropionitrile amine (MADPN) were synthesized, and their SO2 absorption performances were evaluated and compared with those of hydroxy-functionalized amines such as N,N-diethyl-N-ethanol amine (DEEA), N,N-dibutyl-N-ethanol amine (DBEA), and N-methyl-N,N-diethanol amine (MDEA). Absorption-desorption cycle experiments clearly demonstrate that the nitrile-functionalized amines are more efficient than the hydroxy-functionalized amines in terms of absorption rate and regenerability. Computational calculations with DBEA and DBAPN revealed that DBEA bearing a hydroxyethyl group chemically interacts with SO2 through oxygen atom, forming an ionic compound with a covalently bound OSO2(-) group. On the contrary, DBAPN bearing a nitrile group physically interacts with SO2 through the nitrogen and the hydrogen atoms of the two methylene groups adjacent to the amino and nitrile functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Yun Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Heehwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Junkyo Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Minserk Cheong
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Lee
- Clean Energy Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Sik Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Je Seung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Comparing the differential capacitance of two ionic liquid electrolytes: Effects of specific adsorption. Electrochem commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2013.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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24
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The comparative study on interactions between ionic liquid and CO2/SO2 by a hybrid density functional approach in the gas phase. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2013.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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25
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Yang D, Hou M, Ning H, Ma J, Kang X, Zhang J, Han B. Reversible capture of SO2 through functionalized ionic liquids. CHEMSUSCHEM 2013; 6:1191-1195. [PMID: 23681974 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201300224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Emission of SO2 in flue gas from the combustion of fossil fuels leads to severe environmental problems. Exploration of green and efficient methods to capture SO2 is an interesting topic, especially at lower SO2 partial pressures. In this work, ionic liquids (ILs) 1-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Et2 NEMim][Tf2 N]) and 1-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-3-methylimidazolium tetrazolate ([Et2 NEMim][Tetz]) were synthesized. The performances of the two ILs to capture SO2 were studied under different conditions. It was demonstrated that the ILs were very efficient for SO2 absorption. The [Et2 NEMim][Tetz] IL designed in this work could absorb 0.47 g(SO2)g(IL)(-1) at 0.0101 MPa SO2 partial pressure, which is the highest capacity reported to date under the same conditions. The main reason for the large capacity was that both the cation and the anion could capture SO2 chemically. In addition, the IL could easily be regenerated, and the very high absorption capacity and rapid absorption/desorption rates were not changed over five repeated cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhong Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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26
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Torresi RM, Lodovico L, Benedetti TM, Alcântara MR, Debiemme-Chouvy C, Deslouis C. Convective mass transport in ionic liquids studied by electrochemical and electrohydrodynamic impedance spectroscopy. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Yang ZZ, He LN, Zhao YN, Yu B. Highly efficient SO₂ absorption and its subsequent utilization by weak base/polyethylene glycol binary system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:1598-1605. [PMID: 23323771 DOI: 10.1021/es304147q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A binary system consisting of polyethylene glycol (PEG, proton donor)/PEG-functionalized base with suitable basicity was developed for efficient gas desulfurization (GDS) and can be regarded as an alternative approach to circumvent the energy penalty problem in the GDS process. High capacity for SO(2) capture up to 4.88 mol of SO(2)/mol of base was achieved even under low partial pressure of SO(2). Furthermore, SO(2) desorption runs smoothly under mild conditions (N(2), 25 °C) and no significant drop in SO(2) absorption was observed after five-successive absorption-desorption cycles. On the other hand, the absorbed SO(2) by PEG(150)MeIm/PEG(150), being considered as the activated form of SO(2), can be directly transformed into value-added chemicals under mild conditions, thus eliminating the energy penalty for SO(2) desorption and simultaneously realizing recycle of the absorbents. Thus, this SO(2) capture and utilization (SCU) process offers an alternative way for GDS and potentially enables the SO(2) conversion from flue gas to useful chemicals as a value-added process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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28
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Yang ZZ, He LN, Song QW, Chen KH, Liu AH, Liu XM. Highly efficient SO2 absorption/activation and subsequent utilization by polyethylene glycol-functionalized Lewis basic ionic liquids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:15832-9. [PMID: 23090138 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp43362a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Up to now, flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) is one of the most effective techniques to control SO(2) emission from the combustion of fossil fuels. The conventional technology for FGD poses serious inherent drawbacks such as formation of byproducts and volatilization of solvents. In this work, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-functionalized Lewis basic ionic liquids (ILs) derived from DABCO were proved to be highly efficient absorbents for FGD due to its specific features such as high thermal stability, negligible vapor pressure, high loading capacity. Notably, PEG(150)MeDABCONTf(2) gave an extremely high SO(2) capacity (4.38 mol mol(-1) IL), even under 0.1 bar SO(2) partial pressure (1.01 mol mol(-1) IL), presumably owing to the strong SO(2)-philic characterization of the PEG chain. Furthermore, the absorbed SO(2) could be easy to release by just bubbling N(2) at room temperature, greatly reducing energy requirement for SO(2) desorption. In addition, SO(2)/CO(2) selectivity (110) of PEG(150)MeDABCONTf(2) is two times larger than the non-functionalized imidazolium IL (45). On the other hand, through activation of SO(2) with the tertiary nitrogen in the cation, Lewis basic ILs such as PEG(150)MeDABCOBr proved to be efficient catalysts for the conversion of SO(2) to some value-added chemicals such as cyclic sulfites without utilization of any organic solvent or additive. Thus, this protocol would pave the way for the development of technological innovation towards efficient and low energy demanded practical process for SO(2) absorption and subsequent transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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29
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Figueiredo PH, Siqueira LJA, Ribeiro MCC. The Equilibrium Structure of Lithium Salt Solutions in Ether-Functionalized Ammonium Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:12319-24. [DOI: 10.1021/jp303703h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique Figueiredo
- Laboratório
de Materiais Híbridos, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais,
Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau
210, CEP 09913-030, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo J. A. Siqueira
- Laboratório
de Materiais Híbridos, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais,
Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau
210, CEP 09913-030, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauro C. C. Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia Molecular, Instituto
de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 26077, CEP 05513-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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30
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Llovell F, Marcos RM, MacDowell N, Vega LF. Modeling the Absorption of Weak Electrolytes and Acid Gases with Ionic Liquids Using the Soft-SAFT Approach. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:7709-18. [DOI: 10.1021/jp303344f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - R. M. Marcos
- Departament d’Enginyeria
Mecànica, ETSE, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - N. MacDowell
- Centre for Process Systems Engineering,
Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW2AZ United Kingdom
| | - L. F. Vega
- Carburos Metálicos, Air Products Group, C/Aragón, 300, 08009 Barcelona,
Spain
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31
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Rodrigues F, Galante D, do Nascimento GM, Santos PS. Interionic Interactions in Imidazolic Ionic Liquids Probed by Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:1491-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp208094p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Rodrigues
- Departamento
de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 26.077, CEP 05513-970,
São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Douglas Galante
- Departamento de Astronomia, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica
e Ciências Atmosféricas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo M. do Nascimento
- Departamento de Química, Instituto
de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, BH, Brazil
| | - Paulo S. Santos
- Departamento
de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 26.077, CEP 05513-970,
São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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32
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Monteiro MJ, Ando RA, Siqueira LJA, Camilo FF, Santos PS, Ribeiro MCC, Torresi RM. Effect of SO2 on the Transport Properties of an Imidazolium Ionic Liquid and Its Lithium Solution. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:9662-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jp204604r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo J. Monteiro
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade de São Paulo, C.P. 26077, CEP 05513-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rômulo A. Ando
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade de São Paulo, C.P. 26077, CEP 05513-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo J. A. Siqueira
- Laboratório de Materiais Híbridos, Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 598, CEP 04024-002, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F. Camilo
- Laboratório de Materiais Híbridos, Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 598, CEP 04024-002, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo S. Santos
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade de São Paulo, C.P. 26077, CEP 05513-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauro C. C. Ribeiro
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade de São Paulo, C.P. 26077, CEP 05513-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberto M. Torresi
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade de São Paulo, C.P. 26077, CEP 05513-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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33
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Ketko MH, Kamath G, Potoff JJ. Development of an Optimized Intermolecular Potential for Sulfur Dioxide. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:4949-54. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2010524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- MaryBeth H. Ketko
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Ganesh Kamath
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Jeffrey J. Potoff
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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34
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Hu YF, Liu ZC, Xu CM, Zhang XM. The molecular characteristics dominating the solubility of gases in ionic liquids. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:3802-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00006j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Hu YL, Ge Q, He Y, Lu M. An Efficient Procedure for Chloromethylation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons Catalyzed by PEG1000-Dicationic Ionic Liquids in Aqueous Media. ChemCatChem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.200900268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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Ren S, Hou Y, Wu W, Liu Q, Xiao Y, Chen X. Properties of Ionic Liquids Absorbing SO2 and the Mechanism of the Absorption. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:2175-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9108859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China, and Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - Yucui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China, and Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - Weize Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China, and Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - Qingya Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China, and Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - Yunfei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China, and Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China, and Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030012, China
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37
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Heldebrant D, Yonker C, Jessop P, Phan L. Reversible Uptake of COS, CS2, and SO2: Ionic Liquids withO-Alkylxanthate,O-Alkylthiocarbonyl, andO-Alkylsulfite Anions. Chemistry 2009; 15:7619-27. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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38
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Luis P, Garea A, Irabien A. Zero solvent emission process for sulfur dioxide recovery using a membrane contactor and ionic liquids. J Memb Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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39
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Barrosse-Antle LE, Hardacre C, Compton RG. SO2 Saturation of the Room Temperature Ionic Liquid [C2mim][NTf2] Much Reduces the Activation Energy for Diffusion. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:1007-11. [DOI: 10.1021/jp808755f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Barrosse-Antle
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/QUILL, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Hardacre
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/QUILL, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Richard G. Compton
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/QUILL, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
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40
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Siqueira LJA, Ribeiro MCC. Alkoxy Chain Effect on the Viscosity of a Quaternary Ammonium Ionic Liquid: Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:1074-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp807833a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo J. A. Siqueira
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia Molecular, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, C.P. 26077, CEP 05513-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauro C. C. Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia Molecular, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, C.P. 26077, CEP 05513-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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41
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