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Azadpour B, Aharipour N, Paryab A, Omid H, Abdollahi S, Madaah Hosseini H, Malek Khachatourian A, Toprak MS, Seifalian AM. Magnetically-assisted viral transduction (magnetofection) medical applications: An update. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213657. [PMID: 37844415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy involves replacing a faulty gene or adding a new gene inside the body's cells to cure disease or improve the body's ability to fight disease. Its popularity is evident from emerging concepts such as CRISPR-based genome editing and epigenetic studies and has been moved to a clinical setting. The strategy for therapeutic gene design includes; suppressing the expression of pathogenic genes, enhancing necessary protein production, and stimulating the immune system, which can be incorporated into both viral and non-viral gene vectors. Although non-viral gene delivery provides a safer platform, it suffers from an inefficient rate of gene transfection, which means a few genes could be successfully transfected and expressed within the cells. Incorporating nucleic acids into the viruses and using these viral vectors to infect cells increases gene transfection efficiency. Consequently, more cells will respond, more genes will be expressed, and sustained and successful gene therapy can be achieved. Combining nanoparticles (NPs) and nucleic acids protects genetic materials from enzymatic degradation. Furthermore, the vectors can be transferred faster, facilitating cell attachment and cellular uptake. Magnetically assisted viral transduction (magnetofection) enhances gene therapy efficiency by mixing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with gene vectors and exerting a magnetic field to guide a significant number of vectors directly onto the cells. This research critically reviews the MNPs and the physiochemical properties needed to assemble an appropriate magnetic viral vector, discussing cellular hurdles and attitudes toward overcoming these barriers to reach clinical gene therapy perspectives. We focus on the studies conducted on the various applications of magnetic viral vectors in cancer therapies, regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, cell sorting, and virus isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Azadpour
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazli Aharipour
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Paryab
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Omid
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sorosh Abdollahi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | - Muhammet S Toprak
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander M Seifalian
- Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine Commercialisation Centre (NanoRegMed Ltd, Nanoloom Ltd, & Liberum Health Ltd), London BioScience Innovation Centre, London, UK.
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2
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Kaps L, Limeres MJ, Schneider P, Svensson M, Zeyn Y, Fraude S, Cacicedo ML, Galle PR, Gehring S, Bros M. Liver Cell Type-Specific Targeting by Nanoformulations for Therapeutic Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11869. [PMID: 37511628 PMCID: PMC10380755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocytes exert pivotal roles in metabolism, protein synthesis and detoxification. Non-parenchymal liver cells (NPCs), largely comprising macrophages, dendritic cells, hepatic stellate cells and liver sinusoidal cells (LSECs), serve to induce immunological tolerance. Therefore, the liver is an important target for therapeutic approaches, in case of both (inflammatory) metabolic diseases and immunological disorders. This review aims to summarize current preclinical nanodrug-based approaches for the treatment of liver disorders. So far, nano-vaccines that aim to induce hepatitis virus-specific immune responses and nanoformulated adjuvants to overcome the default tolerogenic state of liver NPCs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis have been tested. Moreover, liver cancer may be treated using nanodrugs which specifically target and kill tumor cells. Alternatively, nanodrugs may target and reprogram or deplete immunosuppressive cells of the tumor microenvironment, such as tumor-associated macrophages. Here, combination therapies have been demonstrated to yield synergistic effects. In the case of autoimmune hepatitis and other inflammatory liver diseases, anti-inflammatory agents can be encapsulated into nanoparticles to dampen inflammatory processes specifically in the liver. Finally, the tolerance-promoting activity especially of LSECs has been exploited to induce antigen-specific tolerance for the treatment of allergic and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Kaps
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - María José Limeres
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Paul Schneider
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Malin Svensson
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yanira Zeyn
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Silvia Fraude
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Maximiliano L Cacicedo
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter R Galle
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Gehring
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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3
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Zareh F, Gholinejad M, Sheibani H, Sansano JM. Palladium nanoparticles supported on ionic liquid and glucosamine-modified magnetic iron oxide as a catalyst in reduction reactions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:69362-69378. [PMID: 37133660 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27231-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A magnetic nanocomposite comprising imidazolium ionic liquid and glucosamine is successfully synthesized and used for stabilization of Pd nanoparticles. This new material, Fe3O4@SiO2@IL/GA-Pd, is fully characterized and applied as a catalyst in the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds to desired amines at room temperature. Also, the reductive degradation of organic dyes such as methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), and rhodamine B (RhB) is studied and compared with another previous publications. The survey of the stabilization of the palladium catalytic entities is described demonstrating the separation ability and recycling of them. In addition, TEM, XRD, and VSM analyses of the recycled catalyst confirmed its stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Zareh
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, 76169, Iran
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Gavazang, P. O. Box 45195-1159, Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Mohammad Gholinejad
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Gavazang, P. O. Box 45195-1159, Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
- Research Center for Basic Sciences & Modern Technologies (RBST), Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Hassan Sheibani
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, 76169, Iran
| | - José Miguel Sansano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica, and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, 03690, Alicante, Spain
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4
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Suresh D, Ghoshdastidar S, Gangula A, Mukherjee S, Upendran A, Kannan R. Magnetic Iron Nanocubes Effectively Capture Epithelial and Mesenchymal Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:23724-23735. [PMID: 32984691 PMCID: PMC7513327 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Current methods for capturing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are based on the overexpression of cytokeratin (CK) or epithelial cell-adhesion molecule (EpCAM) on cancer cells. However, during the process of metastasis, tumor cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that can lead to the loss of CK/EpCAM expression. Therefore, it is vital to develop a capturing technique independent of CK/EpCAM expression on the cancer cell. To develop this technique, it is important to identify common secondary oncogenic markers overexpressed on tumor cells before and after EMT. We analyzed the biomarker expression levels in tumor cells, before and after EMT, and found two common proteins-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) whose levels remained unaffected. So, we synthesized immunomagnetic iron nanocubes covalently conjugated with antibodies of Her2 or EGFR to capture cancer cells irrespective of the EMT status. The nanocubes showed high specificity (6-9-fold) in isolating the cancer cells of interest from a mixture of cells spiked in serum. We characterized the captured cells for identifying their EMT status. Thus, we believe the results presented here would help in the development of novel strategies for capturing both primary and metastatic cancer cells from patients' blood to develop an effective treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjay Suresh
- Department
of Bioengineering, Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Pharmacology
& Physiology, and Institute of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65212, United States
| | - Shreya Ghoshdastidar
- Department
of Bioengineering, Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Pharmacology
& Physiology, and Institute of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65212, United States
| | - Abilash Gangula
- Department
of Bioengineering, Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Pharmacology
& Physiology, and Institute of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65212, United States
| | - Soumavo Mukherjee
- Department
of Bioengineering, Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Pharmacology
& Physiology, and Institute of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65212, United States
| | - Anandhi Upendran
- Department
of Bioengineering, Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Pharmacology
& Physiology, and Institute of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65212, United States
| | - Raghuraman Kannan
- Department
of Bioengineering, Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Pharmacology
& Physiology, and Institute of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65212, United States
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Shroder DY, Lippert LG, Goldman YE. Single molecule optical measurements of orientation and rotations of biological macromolecules. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2016; 4:042004. [PMID: 28192292 PMCID: PMC5308470 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/4/4/042004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Subdomains of macromolecules often undergo large orientation changes during their catalytic cycles that are essential for their activity. Tracking these rearrangements in real time opens a powerful window into the link between protein structure and functional output. Site-specific labeling of individual molecules with polarized optical probes and measurement of their spatial orientation can give insight into the crucial conformational changes, dynamics, and fluctuations of macromolecules. Here we describe the range of single molecule optical technologies that can extract orientation information from these probes, review the relevant types of probes and labeling techniques, and highlight the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies for addressing specific inquiries.
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Manaenkov OV, Mann JJ, Kislitza OV, Losovyj Y, Stein BD, Morgan DG, Pink M, Lependina OL, Shifrina ZB, Matveeva VG, Sulman EM, Bronstein LM. Ru-Containing Magnetically Recoverable Catalysts: A Sustainable Pathway from Cellulose to Ethylene and Propylene Glycols. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:21285-93. [PMID: 27484222 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b05096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Biomass processing to value-added chemicals and biofuels received considerable attention due to the renewable nature of the precursors. Here, we report the development of Ru-containing magnetically recoverable catalysts for cellulose hydrogenolysis to low alcohols, ethylene glycol (EG) and propylene glycol (PG). The catalysts are synthesized by incorporation of magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) in mesoporous silica pores followed by formation of 2 nm Ru NPs. The latter are obtained by thermal decomposition of ruthenium acetylacetonate in the pores. The catalysts showed excellent activities and selectivities at 100% cellulose conversion, exceeding those for the commercial Ru/C. High selectivities as well as activities are attributed to the influence of Fe3O4 on the Ru(0)/Ru(4+) NPs. A facile synthetic protocol, easy magnetic separation, and stability of the catalyst performance after magnetic recovery make these catalysts promising for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg V Manaenkov
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Tver State Technical University , Tver 170026, Russia
| | - Joshua J Mann
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Olga V Kislitza
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Tver State Technical University , Tver 170026, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Losovyj
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Barry D Stein
- Department of Biology, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - David Gene Morgan
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Maren Pink
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Olga L Lependina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Zinaida B Shifrina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Valentina G Matveeva
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Tver State Technical University , Tver 170026, Russia
| | - Esther M Sulman
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Tver State Technical University , Tver 170026, Russia
| | - Lyudmila M Bronstein
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow 119991 Russia
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Rzayev ZM, Salimi K, Bunyatova U, Acar S, Salamov B, Turk M. Fabrication and characterization of PVA/ODA-MMT-poly(MA-alt-1-octadecene)-g-graphene oxide e-spun nanofiber electrolytes and their response to bone cancer cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 61:257-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Lippert LG, Hallock JT, Dadosh T, Diroll BT, Murray CB, Goldman YE. NeutrAvidin Functionalization of CdSe/CdS Quantum Nanorods and Quantification of Biotin Binding Sites using Biotin-4-Fluorescein Fluorescence Quenching. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:562-8. [PMID: 26722835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We developed methods to solubilize, coat, and functionalize with NeutrAvidin elongated semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum nanorods, QRs) for use in single molecule polarized fluorescence microscopy. Three different ligands were compared with regard to efficacy for attaching NeutrAvidin using the "zero-length cross-linker" 1-ethyl-3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]carbodiimide (EDC). Biotin-4-fluorescene (B4F), a fluorophore that is quenched when bound to avidin proteins, was used to quantify biotin binding activity of the NeutrAvidin coated QRs and biotin binding activity of commercially available streptavidin coated quantum dots (QDs). All three coating methods produced QRs with NeutrAvidin coating density comparable to the streptavidin coating density of the commercially available quantum dots (QDs) in the B4F assay. One type of QD available from the supplier (ITK QDs) exhibited ∼5-fold higher streptavidin surface density compared to our QRs, whereas the other type of QD (PEG QDs) had 5-fold lower density. The number of streptavidins per QD increased from ∼7 streptavidin tetramers for the smallest QDs emitting fluorescence at 525 nm (QD525) to ∼20 tetramers for larger, longer wavelength QDs (QD655, QD705, and QD800). QRs coated with NeutrAvidin using mercaptoundecanoicacid (MUA) and QDs coated with streptavidin bound to biotinylated cytoplasmic dynein in single molecule TIRF microscopy assays, whereas Poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-ocatdecene) (PMAOD) or glutathione (GSH) QRs did not bind cytoplasmic dynein. The coating methods require optimization of conditions and concentrations to balance between substantial NeutrAvidin binding vs tendency of QRs to aggregate and degrade over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tali Dadosh
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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9
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Baird N, Losovyj Y, Yuzik-Klimova EY, Kuchkina NV, Shifrina ZB, Pink M, Stein BD, Morgan DG, Wang T, Rubin MA, Sidorov AI, Sulman EM, Bronstein LM. Zinc-Containing Magnetic Oxides Stabilized by a Polymer: One Phase or Two? ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:891-9. [PMID: 26673012 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Here we developed a new family of Zn-containing magnetic oxides of different structures by thermal decomposition of Zn(acac)2 in the reaction solution of preformed magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized by polyphenylquinoxaline. Upon an increase of the Zn(acac)2 loading from 0.15 to 0.40 mmol (vs 1 mmol of Fe(acac)3), the Zn content increases, and the Zn-containing magnetic oxide NPs preserve a spinel structure of magnetite and an initial, predominantly multicore NP morphology. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of these samples revealed that the surface of iron oxide NPs is enriched with Zn, although Zn species were also found deep under the iron oxide NP surface. For all the samples, XPS also demonstrates the atom ratio of Fe(3+)/Fe(2+) = 2:1, perfectly matching Fe3O4, but not ZnFe2O4, where Fe(2+) ions are replaced with Zn(2+). The combination of XPS with other physicochemical methods allowed us to propose that ZnO forms an ultrathin amorphous layer on the surface of iron oxide NPs and also diffuses inside the magnetite crystals. At higher Zn(acac)2 loading, cubic ZnO nanocrystals coexist with magnetite NPs, indicating a homogeneous nucleation of the former. The catalytic testing in syngas conversion to methanol demonstrated outstanding catalytic properties of Zn-containing magnetic oxides, whose activities are dependent on the Zn loading. Repeat experiments carried out with the best catalyst after magnetic separation showed remarkable catalyst stability even after five consecutive catalytic runs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ekaterina Yu Yuzik-Klimova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences , 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Nina V Kuchkina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences , 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Zinaida B Shifrina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences , 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - Mikhail A Rubin
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Tver State Technical University , 22 A Nikitina Street, 170026 Tver, Russia
| | - Alexander I Sidorov
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Tver State Technical University , 22 A Nikitina Street, 170026 Tver, Russia
| | - Esther M Sulman
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Tver State Technical University , 22 A Nikitina Street, 170026 Tver, Russia
| | - Lyudmila M Bronstein
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences , 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Zhang C, Yan Y, Zou Q, Chen J, Li C. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for MR imaging of pancreatic cancer: Potential for early diagnosis through targeted strategies. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2015; 12:13-21. [PMID: 26663873 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuzhong Yan
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong Hospital; Fudan University Pudong Medical Center; Pudong, Shanghai China
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Huashan Hospital; Fudan University; Shanghai China
| | - Qi Zou
- Departments of Hepatobiliary Surgery and
| | - Jie Chen
- Departments of Hepatobiliary Surgery and
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11
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Malyutin AG, Cheng H, Sanchez-Felix OR, Carlson K, Stein BD, Konarev PV, Svergun DI, Dragnea B, Bronstein LM. Coat Protein-Dependent Behavior of Poly(ethylene glycol) Tails in Iron Oxide Core Virus-like Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:12089-12098. [PMID: 25989427 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b02278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Here we explore the formation of virus-like nanoparticles (VNPs) utilizing 22-24 nm iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) as cores and proteins derived from viral capsids of brome mosaic virus (BMV) or hepatitis B virus (HBV) as shells. To accomplish that, hydrophobic FeO/Fe3O4 NPs prepared by thermal decomposition of iron oleate were coated with poly(maleic acid-alt-octadecene) modified with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) tails of different lengths and grafting densities. MRI studies show high r2/r1 relaxivity ratios of these NPs that are practically independent of the polymer coating type. The versatility and flexibility of the viral capsid protein are on display as they readily form shells that exceed their native size. The location of the long PEG tails upon shell formation was investigated by electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. PEG tails were located differently in the BMV and HBV VNPs, with the BMV VNPs preferentially entrapping the tails in the interior and the HBV VNPs allowing the tails to extend through the capsid, which highlights the differences between intersubunit interactions in these two icosahedral viruses. The robustness of the assembly reaction and the protruding PEG tails, potentially useful in modulating the immune response, make the systems introduced here a promising platform for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey G Malyutin
- †Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Hu Cheng
- §Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, 1101 East Tenth Street, Bloomington, Indiana 47403, United States
| | - Olivia R Sanchez-Felix
- †Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Kenneth Carlson
- †Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Barry D Stein
- ∥Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 East Third Street, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Petr V Konarev
- ‡EMBL, Hamburg Outstation, Notkestraße 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dmitri I Svergun
- ‡EMBL, Hamburg Outstation, Notkestraße 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bogdan Dragnea
- †Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Lyudmila M Bronstein
- †Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
- #Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Carambia A, Freund B, Schwinge D, Bruns OT, Salmen SC, Ittrich H, Reimer R, Heine M, Huber S, Waurisch C, Eychmüller A, Wraith DC, Korn T, Nielsen P, Weller H, Schramm C, Lüth S, Lohse AW, Heeren J, Herkel J. Nanoparticle-based autoantigen delivery to Treg-inducing liver sinusoidal endothelial cells enables control of autoimmunity in mice. J Hepatol 2015; 62:1349-56. [PMID: 25617499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS It is well-known that the liver can induce immune tolerance, yet this knowledge could, thus far, not be translated into effective treatments for autoimmune diseases. We have previously shown that liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) could substantially contribute to hepatic tolerance through their ability to induce CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Here, we explored whether the Treg-inducing potential of LSECs could be harnessed for the treatment of autoimmune disease. METHODS We engineered a polymeric nanoparticle (NP) carrier for the selective delivery of autoantigen peptides to LSECs in vivo. In the well-characterized autoimmune disease model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), we investigated whether administration of LSEC-targeting autoantigen peptide-loaded NPs could protect mice from autoimmune disease. RESULTS We demonstrate that NP-based autoantigen delivery to LSECs could completely and permanently prevent the onset of clinical EAE. More importantly, in a therapeutic approach, mice with already established EAE improved rapidly and substantially following administration of a single dose of autoantigen peptide-loaded NPs, whereas the control group deteriorated. Treatment efficacy seemed to depend on Tregs. The Treg frequencies in the spleens of mice treated with autoantigen peptide-loaded NPs were significantly higher than those in vehicle-treated mice. Moreover, NP-mediated disease control was abrogated after Treg depletion by repeated administration of Treg-depleting antibody. CONCLUSION Our findings provide proof of principle that the selective delivery of autoantigen peptides to LSECs by NPs can induce antigen-specific Tregs and enable effective treatment of autoimmune disease. These findings highlight the importance of Treg induction by LSECs for immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Carambia
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Freund
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dorothee Schwinge
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver T Bruns
- Department of Electron Microscopy and Micro Technology, Heinrich-Pette Institute, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sunhild C Salmen
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Harald Ittrich
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rudolph Reimer
- Department of Electron Microscopy and Micro Technology, Heinrich-Pette Institute, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Heine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - David C Wraith
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Thomas Korn
- Department of Neurology, TU München, München, Germany
| | - Peter Nielsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Horst Weller
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Schramm
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Lüth
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ansgar W Lohse
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Herkel
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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13
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Peng E, Wang F, Xue JM. Nanostructured magnetic nanocomposites as MRI contrast agents. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:2241-2276. [PMID: 32262055 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb02023e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an integral part of modern clinical imaging due to its non-invasiveness and versatility in providing tissue and organ images with high spatial resolution. With the current MRI advancement, MRI imaging probes with suitable biocompatibility, good colloidal stability, enhanced relaxometric properties and advanced functionalities are highly demanded. As such, MRI contrast agents (CAs) have been an extensive research and development area. In the recent years, different inorganic-based nanoprobes comprising inorganic magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with an organic functional coating have been engineered to obtain a suitable contrast enhancement effect. For biomedical applications, the organic functional coating is critical to improve colloidal stability and biocompatibility. Simultaneously, it also provides a building block for generating a higher dimensional secondary structure. In this review, the combinatorial design approach by a self-assembling pre-formed hydrophobic inorganic MNPs core (from non-polar thermolysis synthesis) into various functional organic coatings (e.g. ligands, amphiphilic polymers and graphene oxide) to form water soluble nanocomposites will be discussed. The resultant magnetic ensembles were classified based on their dimensionality, namely, 0-D, 1-D, 2-D and 3-D structures. This classification provides further insight into their subsequent potential use as MRI CAs. Special attention will be dedicated towards the correlation between the spatial distribution and the associated MRI applications, which include (i) coating optimization-induced MR relaxivity enhancement, (ii) aggregation-induced MR relaxivity enhancement, (iii) off-resonance saturation imaging (ORS), (iv) magnetically-induced off-resonance imaging (ORI), (v) dual-modalities MR imaging and (vi) multifunctional nanoprobes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Peng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117576, Singapore.
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14
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Bargheer D, Nielsen J, Gébel G, Heine M, Salmen SC, Stauber R, Weller H, Heeren J, Nielsen P. The fate of a designed protein corona on nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 6:36-46. [PMID: 25671150 PMCID: PMC4311732 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A variety of monodisperse superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIOs) was designed in which the surface was modified by PEGylation with mono- or bifunctional poly(ethylene oxide)amines (PEG). Using (125)I-labeled test proteins (transferrin, albumin), the binding and exchange of corona proteins was studied first in vitro. Incubation with (125)I-transferrin showed that with increasing grade of PEGylation the binding was substantially diminished without a difference between simply adsorbed and covalently bound protein. However, after incubation with excess albumin and subsequently whole plasma, transferrin from the preformed transferrin corona was more and more lost from SPIOs in the case of adsorbed proteins. If non-labeled transferrin was used as preformed corona and excess (125)I-labeled albumin was added to the reaction mixtures with different SPIOs, a substantial amount of label was bound to the particles with initially adsorbed transferrin but little or even zero with covalently bound transferrin. These in vitro experiments show a clear difference in the stability of a preformed hard corona with adsorbed or covalently bound protein. This difference seems, however, to be of minor importance in vivo when polymer-coated (59)Fe-SPIOs with adsorbed or covalently bound (125)I-labeled mouse transferrin were injected intravenously in mice. With both protein coronae the (59)Fe/(125)I-labelled particles were cleared from the blood stream within 30 min and appeared in the liver and spleen to a large extent (>90%). In addition, after 2 h already half of the (125)I-labeled transferrin from both nanodevices was recycled back into the plasma and into tissue. This study confirms that adsorbed transferrin from a preformed protein corona is efficiently taken up by cells. It is also highlighted that a radiolabelling technique described in this study may be of value to investigate the role of protein corona formation in vivo for the respective nanoparticle uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Bargheer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julius Nielsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gabriella Gébel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Heine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sunhild C Salmen
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roland Stauber
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, ENT/University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Horst Weller
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Nielsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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15
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Menelaou M, Iatridi Z, Tsougos I, Vasiou K, Dendrinou-Samara C, Bokias G. Magnetic colloidal superparticles of Co, Mn and Ni ferrite featured with comb-type and/or linear amphiphilic polyelectrolytes; NMR and MRI relaxometry. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:10980-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00372e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobically-modified magnetic superparticles (MSPs) of MFe2O4 NPs were synthesized in the presence of amphiphilic polymers with different architectures and evaluated through NMR and MRI relaxivity measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melita Menelaou
- Department of Chemistry
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
- GR-54124 Thessaloniki
- Greece
| | | | - Ioannis Tsougos
- Department of Medical Physics
- University Hospital of Larissa
- University of Thessaly
- GR-41110 Larisa
- Greece
| | - Katerina Vasiou
- Department of Radiology
- University Hospital of Larissa
- University of Thessaly
- GR-41110 Larisa
- Greece
| | | | - Georgios Bokias
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Patras
- GR-26504 Patras
- Greece
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16
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Stachowski GM, Bauer C, Waurisch C, Bargheer D, Nielsen P, Heeren J, Hickey SG, Eychmüller A. Synthesis of radioactively labelled CdSe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots for in vivo experiments. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:2383-7. [PMID: 25551066 PMCID: PMC4273238 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
During the last decades of nanoparticles research, many nanomaterials have been developed for applications in the field of bio-labelling. For the visualization of transport processes in the body, organs and cells, luminescent quantum dots (QDs) make for highly useful diagnostic tools. However, intercellular routes, bio-distribution, metabolism during degradation or quantification of the excretion of nanoparticles, and the study of the biological response to the QDs themselves are areas which to date have not been fully investigated. In order to aid in addressing those issues, CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs were radioactively labelled, which allows quantification of the QD concentration in the whole body or in ex vivo samples by γ-counting. However, the synthesis of radioactively labelled QDs is not trivial since the coating process must be completely adapted, and material availability, security and avoidance of radioactive waste must be considered. In this contribution, the coating of CdSe/CdS QDs with a radioactive (65)ZnS shell using a modified, operator-safe, SILAR procedure is presented. Under UV illumination, no difference in the photoluminescence of the radioactive and non-radioactive CdSe/CdS/ZnS colloidal solutions was observed. Furthermore, a down-scaled synthesis for the production of very small batches of 5 nmol QDs without loss in the fluorescence quality was developed. Subsequently, the radio-labelled QDs were phase transferred by encapsulation into an amphiphilic polymer. γ-counting of the radioactivity provided confirmation of the successful labelling and phase transfer of the QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Bauer
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Waurisch
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Li-Tec Battery GmbH, Am Wiesengrund 7, 01917 Kamenz, Germany
| | - Denise Bargheer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Nielsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephen G Hickey
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
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17
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Alejo T, Merchán MD, Velázquez MM. Adsorption of quantum dots onto polymer and Gemini surfactant films: a quartz crystal microbalance study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:9977-9984. [PMID: 25093530 DOI: 10.1021/la5024955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We used quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation to study the mechanical properties, the kinetics of adsorption, and the amount of CdSe quantum dots (QDs) adsorbed onto a SiO2 sensor, referred as bare sensor, onto the sensor modified with a film of the polymer poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene), PMAO, or with a film of the Gemini surfactant ethyl-bis(dimethyl octadecyl ammonium bromide), abbreviated as 18-2-18. Results showed that when the sensor is coated with polymer or surfactant molecules, the coverage increases compared with that obtained for the bare sensor. On the other hand, rheological properties and kinetics of adsorption of QDs are driven by QD nanoparticles. Thus, the QD films present elastic behavior, and the elasticity values are independent of the molecule used as coating and similar to the elasticity value obtained for QDs films on the bare sensor. The QD adsorption is a two-step mechanism in which the fastest process is attributed to the QD adsorption onto the solid substrate and the slowest one is ascribed to rearrangement movements of the nanoparticles adsorbed at the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Alejo
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca . 37008 Salamanca, Spain
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18
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Lemon CM, Curtin PN, Somers RC, Greytak AB, Lanning RM, Jain RK, Bawendi MG, Nocera DG. Metabolic tumor profiling with pH, oxygen, and glucose chemosensors on a quantum dot scaffold. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:1900-15. [PMID: 24143874 PMCID: PMC3944830 DOI: 10.1021/ic401587r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Acidity, hypoxia, and glucose levels characterize the tumor microenvironment rendering pH, pO2, and pGlucose, respectively, important indicators of tumor health. To this end, understanding how these parameters change can be a powerful tool for the development of novel and effective therapeutics. We have designed optical chemosensors that feature a quantum dot and an analyte-responsive dye. These noninvasive chemosensors permit pH, oxygen, and glucose to be monitored dynamically within the tumor microenvironment by using multiphoton imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Lemon
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Peter N. Curtin
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Rebecca C. Somers
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Andrew B. Greytak
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Ryan M. Lanning
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 100 Blossom Street, Cox-7, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Rakesh K. Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 100 Blossom Street, Cox-7, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Moungi G. Bawendi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Daniel G. Nocera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138
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19
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Iatridi Z, Georgiadou V, Menelaou M, Dendrinou-Samara C, Bokias G. Application of hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymers for the dispersion of hydrophobic magnetic nanoparticles in aqueous media. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:8633-43. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00393d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Oleylamine-coated CoFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles were successfully encapsulated into hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymers. The resulting hydrophilic nanohybrids exhibit promising r2-relaxivity properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Violetta Georgiadou
- Department of Chemistry
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
- GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Melita Menelaou
- Department of Chemistry
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
- GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Georgios Bokias
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Patras
- GR-26504 Patras, Greece
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20
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Shtykova EV, Kabachii YA, Valetsky PM, Kochev SS, Malyutin AG, Stein BD, Bronstein LM, Svergun DI. Solution study of novel diblock copolymers: Morphology and structural transition. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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21
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Zhang C, Macfarlane RJ, Young KL, Choi CHJ, Hao L, Auyeung E, Liu G, Zhou X, Mirkin CA. A general approach to DNA-programmable atom equivalents. NATURE MATERIALS 2013; 12:741-746. [PMID: 23685863 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles can be combined with nucleic acids to programme the formation of three-dimensional colloidal crystals where the particles' size, shape, composition and position can be independently controlled. However, the diversity of the types of material that can be used is limited by the lack of a general method for preparing the basic DNA-functionalized building blocks needed to bond nanoparticles of different chemical compositions into lattices in a controllable manner. Here we show that by coating nanoparticles protected with aliphatic ligands with an azide-bearing amphiphilic polymer, followed by the coupling of DNA to the polymer using strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (also known as copper-free azide-alkyne click chemistry), nanoparticles bearing a high-density shell of nucleic acids can be created regardless of nanoparticle composition. This method provides a route to a virtually endless class of programmable atom equivalents for DNA-based colloidal crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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22
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Peng E, Choo ESG, Sheng Y, Xue JM. Monodisperse transfer of superparamagnetic nanoparticles from non-polar solvent to aqueous phase. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj41162a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Freund B, Tromsdorf UI, Bruns OT, Heine M, Giemsa A, Bartelt A, Salmen SC, Raabe N, Heeren J, Ittrich H, Reimer R, Hohenberg H, Schumacher U, Weller H, Nielsen P. A simple and widely applicable method to 59Fe-radiolabel monodisperse superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for in vivo quantification studies. ACS NANO 2012; 6:7318-25. [PMID: 22793497 DOI: 10.1021/nn3024267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A simple, fast, efficient, and widely applicable method to radiolabel the cores of monodisperse superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs) with (59)Fe was developed. These cores can be used as precursors for a variety of functionalized nanodevices. A quality control using filtration techniques, size-exclusion chromatography, chemical degradation methods, transmission electron microscopy, and magnetic resonance imaging showed that the nanoparticles were stably labeled with (59)Fe. Furthermore, the particle structure and the magnetic properties of the SPIOs were unchanged. In a second approach, monodisperse SPIOs stabilized with (14)C-oleic acid were synthesized, and the stability of this shell labeling was studied. In proof of principle experiments, the (59)Fe-SPIOs coated with different shells to make them water-soluble were used to evaluate and compare in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters such as blood half-life. It could also be shown that our radiolabeled SPIOs embedded in recombinant lipoproteins can be used to quantify physiological processes in closer detail than hitherto possible. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the (59)Fe label is stable enough to be applied in vivo, whereas the (14)C label is rapidly removed from the iron core and is not adequate for in vivo studies. To obtain meaningful results in in vivo experiments, only (59)Fe-labeled SPIOs should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Freund
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg,Germany.
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24
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Belete A, Maeder K. Novel aqueous nano-scaled formulations of oleic acid stabilized hydrophobic superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2012; 39:186-96. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2012.665927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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25
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Budgin AM, Kabachii YA, Shifrina ZB, Valetsky PM, Kochev SS, Stein BD, Malyutin A, Bronstein LM. Functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles with amphiphilic block copolymers: self-assembled thermoresponsive submicrometer particles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:4142-4151. [PMID: 22303838 DOI: 10.1021/la205056k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
For the first time the four block copolymers derived from 1-alkyl[2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethylammonium bromides with hexyl (ADA) or cetyl (ADHA) groups and 2-hydroxyethylacrylate (HEA) or N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) were synthesized and employed for functionalization of monodisperse iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs). The polyADA (pADA) or polyADHA (pADHA) block consists of long hydrophobic tails (C(6) or C(16)) connected to a positively charged quaternary ammonium group, making this block amphiphilic. The second block was either fully hydrophilic (pHEA) or thermoresponsive (pNIPAM). The dependence of the NP coating on the length of the hydrophobic tail in the amphiphilic block, the composition of the hydrophilic block, and the NP sizes have been studied. Unusual self-assembling of iron oxide NPs into well-defined composite submicrometer particles was observed for pADHA-b-pNIPAM in the wide range of concentrations (at the pADHA repeating unit concentrations of 0.065 × 10(-2)-2.91 × 10(-2) mmol/mL per 1 mg/mL NPs) but only two concentrations, 1.62 × 10(-2) and 1.94 × 10(-2) mmol/mL, led to regular spherical particles. The thermoresponsive behavior of these composite particles was tested using ζ-potential and dynamic light scattering measurements, while the morphology of particles was characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Coating of NPs with pADHA-b-pHEA results in the formation of individually coated NPs. The different composite particle morphologies are explained by different properties of pHEA and pNIPAM. It is demonstrated that the composite particles based on pADHA-b-pNIPAM are responsive to a magnetic field and can be recommended as magnetic stoppers in biorelated membrane separations. The incorporation of Pd species in submicrometer particles makes them promising candidates for catalytic applications as magnetically recoverable catalysts with a high magnetic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Budgin
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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26
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Son YJ, Yoo HS. pH-responsive microspheres encapsulated with iron oxide nanoaggregates for gastrointestinal delivery. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911511430537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Block copolymer-stabilized iron oxide nanoaggregates were fabricated into pH-responsive polymeric microspheres for intestinal delivery of the magnetic nanoaggregates. A diblock copolymer consisted of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) and poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization. Microspheres, consisted of Eudragit L100-55 encapsulate and stabilized magnetic nanoaggregates, were prepared by an oil-in-oil emulsification technique. The magnetization of the microspheres decreased, and the stability of the magnetic nanoaggregates in aqueous solutions increased as the amount of block copolymers in the microspheres increased. The encapsulated magnetic nanoaggregates were visualized by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The encapsulation efficiency of nanoaggregates of the microspheres increased as the amount of diblock copolymer in the nanoaggregates was increased. The in vitro experiments confirmed the pH-dependent release of the nanoaggregates from the microspheres. The microspheres were administered to the animals by oral gavages, and the nanoaggregates in small intestines were visualized by histological examination of intestinal inner walls. Higher amounts of the block copolymer in the nanoaggregates increased the uptake efficiency in the intestinal tissues. Thus, the incorporation of the block copolymers in the magnetic nanoaggregates increased the intestinal absorption of the aggregates and Eudragit microspheres and effectively protected the nanoaggregates at low pH conditions of the stomach area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ju Son
- Department of Biomaterials Engineering, School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Sang Yoo
- Department of Biomaterials Engineering, School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea
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27
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Bronstein LM, Shifrina ZB. Dendrimers as encapsulating, stabilizing, or directing agents for inorganic nanoparticles. Chem Rev 2011; 111:5301-44. [PMID: 21718045 DOI: 10.1021/cr2000724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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28
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Abstract
Virus delivery vectors are one among the many nanomaterials that are being developed as drug delivery materials. This chapter focuses on methods utilizing plant virus nanoparticles (PVNs) synthesized from the Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV). A successful vector must be able to effectively carry and subsequently deliver a drug cargo to a specific target. In the case of the PVNs, we describe two types of ways cargo can be loaded within these structures: encapsidation and infusion. Several targeting approaches have been used for PVNs based on bioconjugate chemistry. Herein, examples of such approaches will be given that have been used for RCNMV as well as for other PVNs in the literature. Further, we describe characterization of PVNs, in vitro cell studies that can be used to test the efficacy of a targeting vector, and potential routes for animal administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin Lockney
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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29
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Ning Y, Zhang H, Han J, Yang C, Liu Y, Zhou D, Yang B. Versatile fabrication of water-dispersible nanoparticle–amphiphilic copolymer composite microspheres with specific functionalities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm00021g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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30
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Bronstein LM, Shtykova EV, Malyutin A, Dyke JC, Gunn E, Gao X, Stein B, Konarev PV, Dragnea B, Svergun DI. Hydrophilization of Magnetic Nanoparticles with Modified Alternating Copolymers. Part 1: The Influence of the Grafting. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2010; 114:21900-21907. [PMID: 21221425 PMCID: PMC3017398 DOI: 10.1021/jp107283w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) with a diameter 21.6 nm were coated with poly(maleic acid-alt-1-octadecene) (PMAcOD) modified with grafted 5,000 Da poly(ethyelene glycol) (PEG) or short ethylene glycol (EG) tails. The coating procedure utilizes hydrophobic interactions of octadecene and oleic acid tails, while the hydrolysis of maleic anhydride moieties as well as the presence of hydrophilic PEG (EG) tails allows the NP hydrophilicity. The success of the NP coating was found to be independent of the degree of grafting which was varied between 20 and 80% of the -MacOD-units, but depended on the length of the grafted tail. The NP coating and hydrophilization did not occur when the modified copolymer contained 750 Da PEG tails independently of the grafting degree. To explain this phenomenon the micellization of the modified PMAcOD copolymers in water was analyzed by small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). The PMAcOD molecules with the grafted 750 Da PEG tails form compact non-interacting disk-like micelles, whose stability apparently allows for no interactions with the NP hydrophobic shells. The PMAcOD containing the 5,000 Da PEG and EG tails form much larger aggregates capable of an efficient coating of the NPs. The coated NPs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, ζ-potential measurements, and thermal gravimetry analysis. The latter method demonstrated that the presence of long PEG tails in modified PMAcOD allows the attachment of fewer macromolecules (by a factor of ~20) compared to the case of non-modified or EG modified PMAcOD, emphasizing the importance of PEG tails in NP hydrophilization. The NPs coated with PMAcOD modified with 60% (towards all -MAcOD- units) of the 5,000 PEG tails bear a significant negative charge and display good stability in buffers. Such NPs can be useful as magnetic cores for virus-like particle formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila M. Bronstein
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Eleonora V. Shtykova
- Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 59, 117333 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Malyutin
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Jason C. Dyke
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Emily Gunn
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Xinfeng Gao
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Barry Stein
- Indiana University, Department of Biology, 1001 East Third Street, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Peter V. Konarev
- EMBL, Hamburg Outstation, Notkestraße 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bogdan Dragnea
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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Shtykova EV, Malyutin A, Dyke J, Stein B, Konarev PV, Dragnea B, Svergun DI, Bronstein LM. Hydrophilization of Magnetic Nanoparticles with Modified Alternating Copolymers. Part 2: Behavior in solution. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2010; 114:21908-21913. [PMID: 21243096 PMCID: PMC3018835 DOI: 10.1021/jp1072846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous solutions of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized by poly(maleic acid-alt-1-octadecene) (PMAcOD) modified with the 5,000 Da poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) or the short ethylene glycol (EG) tails were analyzed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Advanced SAXS data analysis methods were employed to systematically characterize the structure and interactions between the NPs. Depending on the type of the grafted tail and the grafting density all NPs can be separated into three groups. All the samples contain mixtures of individual nanoparticles, their dynamic clusters and aggregates, and the fractions of these species are different in the different groups. The first group consists of NPs coated with PMAcOD modified with the long PEG tails with the maximal grafting density, and the content of dynamic clusters and aggregates in the samples of this group does not exceed 4%. The samples from the second group with less dense coatings demonstrate a larger amount (5-7%) of the aggregates and dynamic clusters. The samples from the third group consisting of the NPs protected by EG modified PMAcOD contain mostly individual NPs and some amount of dumbbell dimers without noticeable aggregation. Importantly, the solution behavior of the NPs is independent on the iron oxide core size. Our results therefore provide means of predicting stabilization and avoiding aggregation of NPs based on the type of a protective shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora V. Shtykova
- Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 59, 117333 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Malyutin
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 East Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Jason Dyke
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 East Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Barry Stein
- Indiana University, Department of Biology, 1001 East Third Street, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Peter V. Konarev
- EMBL, Hamburg Outstation, Notkestraße 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bogdan Dragnea
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 East Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | | | - Lyudmila M. Bronstein
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 East Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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Moros M, Pelaz B, López-Larrubia P, García-Martin ML, Grazú V, de la Fuente JM. Engineering biofunctional magnetic nanoparticles for biotechnological applications. NANOSCALE 2010; 2:1746-55. [PMID: 20676420 DOI: 10.1039/c0nr00104j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis and characterization of magnetic nanoparticles with excellent size control are showed here. Their functionalization using an amphiphilic polymer is also described. This strategy allows the stabilization of magnetic nanoparticles in aqueous solvents and in addition, the polymer shell serves as a platform to incorporate relevant biomolecules, such as poly(ethylene glycol) and a number of carbohydrates. Nanoparticles functionalized with carbohydrates show the ability to avoid unspecific interactions between proteins present in the working medium and the nanoparticles, so can be used as an alternative to poly(ethylene glycol) molecules. Results confirm these nanoparticles as excellent contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Changes in the spin-spin transversal relaxation times of the surrounding water protons due to nanoparticle aggregation demonstrates the bioactivity of these nanoparticles functionalized with carbohydrates. To finish with, nanoparticle toxicity is evaluated by means of MTT assay. The obtained results clearly indicate that these nanoparticles are excellent candidates for their further application in nanomedicine or nanobiotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Moros
- Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Shylesh S, Schünemann V, Thiel WR. Magnetically Separable Nanocatalysts: Bridges between Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:3428-59. [PMID: 20419718 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200905684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 943] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sankaranarayanapillai Shylesh
- Fachbereich Chemie, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 52, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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Shylesh S, Schünemann V, Thiel W. Magnetisch abtrennbare Nanokatalysatoren: Brücken zwischen homogener und heterogener Katalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200905684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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35
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Franzen S, Lommel SA. Targeting cancer with 'smart bombs': equipping plant virus nanoparticles for a 'seek and destroy' mission. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2009; 4:575-88. [PMID: 19572822 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.09.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This article discusses plant virus nanoparticles as a weapon in the war on cancer. The successes and failures of numerous nanoparticle strategies are discussed as a background to consideration of the plant virus nanoparticle approach. To have therapeutic benefit, the advantages of the targeted nanoparticle must outweigh the problems of colloidal stability, uptake by the reticuloendothelial system as well as the requirement for clearance from the body. Biodegradable nanoparticles are considered to have the most promise to address these complex phenomena. After justifying the choice of biodegradable particles, the article focuses on comparison of micelles, liposomes, polymers and modified plant viruses. The structural uniformity, cargo capacity, responsive behavior and ease of manufacturing of plant virus nanoparticles are unique properties that suggest they have a wider role to play in targeted therapy. The loading of chemotherapeutic cargo is discussed, with specific reference to the advantage of reversible transitions of the capsid of Red clover necrotic mosaic virus. These features will be contrasted and compared with other biodegradable 'smart bombs' that target cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Franzen
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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Huang X, Schmucker A, Dyke J, Hall SM, Retrum J, Stein B, Remmes N, Baxter DV, Dragnea B, Bronstein LM. Magnetic nanoparticles with functional silanes: evolution of well-defined shells from anhydride containing silane. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY 2009; 19:4231-4239. [PMID: 19763240 PMCID: PMC2745118 DOI: 10.1039/b821917f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Modification of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by high temperature solvothermal routes is carried out using two silanes: (i) N-(6-aminohexyl)-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (AHAPS) where only one end of the molecule reacts with the surface Fe-OH groups and (ii) 3-(triethoxysilyl)propylsuccinic anhydride (SSA) where both ends are reactive with Fe-OH. Depending on the NP synthesis protocol, the amount of surface OH groups on the NPs may differ, however, for all the cases presented here, the comparatively low OH group density prevents a high density of AHAPS coverage, yielding NP aggregates instead of single particles in aqueous solutions. Alternatively, use of SSA containing two terminal functionalities, anhydride and siloxy, which are both reactive towards the NP surface, results in the formation of discrete dense polymeric shells, providing stability of individual NPs in water. The mechanism of the SSA shell formation is discussed. The evolution of the chemical transformations leads to shells of different thickness and density, yet this evolution can be halted by hydrolysis, after which the NPs are water soluble, negatively charged and exhibit excellent stability in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Huang
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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