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Panais C, Rouxel R, Lascoux N, Marguet S, Maioli P, Banfi F, Vallée F, Del Fatti N, Crut A. Cooling Dynamics of Individual Gold Nanodisks Deposited on Thick Substrates and Nanometric Membranes. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:5343-5352. [PMID: 37276360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The cooling dynamics of individual gold nanodisks synthesized using colloidal chemistry and deposited on solid substrates with different compositions and thicknesses were investigated using optical time-resolved spectroscopy and finite-element modeling. Experiments demonstrate a strong substrate-dependence of these cooling dynamics, which require the combination of heat transfer at the nanodisk/substrate interface and heat diffusion in the substrate. In the case of nanodisks deposited on a thick sapphire substrate, the dynamics are found to be mostly limited by the thermal resistance of the gold/sapphire interface, for which a value similar to that obtained in the context of previous experiments on sapphire-supported single gold nanodisks produced by electron beam lithography is deduced. In contrast, the cooling dynamics of nanodisks supported by nanometric silica and silicon nitride membranes are much slower and largely affected by heat diffusion in the membranes, whose efficiency is strongly reduced as compared to the thick sapphire case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Panais
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Romain Rouxel
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Noëlle Lascoux
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sylvie Marguet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Paolo Maioli
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Francesco Banfi
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Fabrice Vallée
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Natalia Del Fatti
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), https://www.iufrance.fr/
| | - Aurélien Crut
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
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Noll F, Krauß N, Gusev V, Dekorsy T, Hettich M. Surface plasmon-based detection for picosecond ultrasonics in planar gold-dielectric layer geometries. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2023; 30:100464. [PMID: 36936710 PMCID: PMC10017422 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal acoustic modes in planar thin gold films are excited and detected by a combination of ultrafast pump-probe photoacoustic spectroscopy and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique. The resulting high sensitivity allows the detection of acoustic modes up to the 7th harmonic (258 GHz) with sub-pm amplitude sensing capabilities. This makes a comparison of damping times of individual modes possible. Further, the dynamics of the real and imaginary part of the dielectric function and the film's thickness variation are separated by using the dependence of the amplitudes of the acoustic modes on the detection angle and the surface plasmon resonance. We find that longitudinal acoustic modes in the gold films mainly affect the real part of the dielectric function and highlight the importance to consider thickness related effects in acousto-plasmonic sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Noll
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
- Research Center for Non-Destructive Testing GmbH (RECENDT), Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - N. Krauß
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - V. Gusev
- Laboratoire d′Acoustique de l′Université du Mans (LAUM), UMR 6613, Institut d′Acoustique - Graduate School (IA-GS), CNRS, Le Mans Université, Av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - T. Dekorsy
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
- Institute of Technical Physics, German Aerospace Center, Pfaffenwaldring 38-40, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - M. Hettich
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
- Research Center for Non-Destructive Testing GmbH (RECENDT), Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
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3
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Lee KR, Seo J, Kwon SS, Kim N, Lee YJ, Son JG, Lee SH. Vibroacoustic Characteristics of a Specific Patterned Polymer with Graphene for an Electrostatic Speaker. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:7319-7328. [PMID: 36701764 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Graphene/polymer actuators were developed using bilayer graphene and various polymer substrates for use as transparent, flexible, and robust electrostatic speaker units. Additionally, a resonant frequency shift was induced using a polymer substrate on which various micropatterns were transferred to boost bass. The total sound pressure level (SPL) in the graphene/polymer actuator was measured by a sweep, and the frequency of the spectrum was confirmed to be one-third that of the octave band frequency. The change in the vibroacoustic characteristic with changes in Young's modulus and density was studied for the polymers of the same size and thickness. Particularly, the possibility of boosting bass was confirmed by inducing a resonant frequency shift and increasing the total SPL by adding micropatterns on a polymer substrate under the same conditions. The resonance frequency of 523 Hz and the SPL of 54 dBA in flat polymer film became 296 Hz and 69 dBA in a specific pattern, which produced a sound of >15 dB based on the same flat polymer. We expect that the design and information provided herein can provide the key parameters required to change the resonant frequency in small-size devices for the application of graphene/polymer thin-film actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Ryul Lee
- Center for Biomicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul02792, Korea
| | - Jaemin Seo
- Center for Biomicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul02792, Korea
| | - Sun Sang Kwon
- Center for Biomicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul02792, Korea
| | - Namyun Kim
- Center for Biomicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul02792, Korea
| | - Yi Jae Lee
- Center for Biomicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul02792, Korea
| | - Jeong Gon Son
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Advanced Materials Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul02792, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Lee
- Center for Biomicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul02792, Korea
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4
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Ahmed A, Gelfand R, Storm SD, Lee A, Klinkova A, Guest JR, Pelton M. Low-Frequency Oscillations in Optical Measurements of Metal-Nanoparticle Vibrations. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5365-5371. [PMID: 35699569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved optical measurements of vibrating metal nanoparticles have been used extensively to probe the ultrafast mechanical properties of the nanoparticles and of the surrounding liquid, but nearly all investigations so far have been limited to the linear regime. Here, we report the observation of a low-frequency oscillating signal in transient-absorption measurements of nanoparticles with octahedral gold cores and cubic silver shells; the signal appears at the difference of two mechanical vibrational frequencies in the particles, suggesting a nonlinear mixing process. We tentatively attribute this proposed mixing to a nonlinear coupling between a vibrational mode of the nanoparticle and its optical-frequency plasmon resonance. The optimization of this nonlinear transduction may enable high-efficiency opto-mechanical frequency mixing in the GHz-THz frequency regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Ahmed
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California State University, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
| | - Rachel Gelfand
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
| | - S David Storm
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
| | - Anna Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Anna Klinkova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave., Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jeffrey R Guest
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Matthew Pelton
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
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5
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Wang J, Li M, Jiang Y, Yu K, Hartland GV, Wang GP. Polymer dependent acoustic mode coupling and Hooke's law spring constants in stacked gold nanoplates. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:144701. [PMID: 34654293 DOI: 10.1063/5.0066661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles are excellent acoustic resonators and their vibrational spectroscopy has been widely investigated. However, the coupling between vibrational modes of different nanoparticles is less explored. For example, how the intervening medium affects the coupling strength is not known. Here, we investigate how different polymers affect coupling in Au nanoplate-polymer-Au nanoplate sandwich structures. The coupling between the breathing modes of the Au nanoplates was measured using single-particle pump-probe spectroscopy, and the polymer dependent coupling strength was determined experimentally. Analysis of the acoustic mode coupling gives the effective spring constant for the polymers. A relative motion mode was also observed for the stacked Au nanoplates. The frequency of this mode is strongly correlated with the coupling constant for the breathing modes. The breathing mode coupling and relative motion mode were analyzed using a coupled oscillator model. This model shows that both these effects can be described using the same spring constant for the polymer. Finally, we present a new type of mass balance using the strongly coupled resonators. We show that the resonators have a mass detection limit of a few femtograms. We envision that further understanding of the vibrational coupling in acoustic resonators will improve the coupling strength and expand their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhong Wang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Mengying Li
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yiqi Jiang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Kuai Yu
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Gregory V Hartland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Guo Ping Wang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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6
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Bach N, Schäfer S. Ultrafast strain propagation and acoustic resonances in nanoscale bilayer systems. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2021; 8:035101. [PMID: 34169119 PMCID: PMC8214470 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast structural probing has greatly enhanced our understanding of the coupling of atomic motion to electronic and phononic degrees-of-freedom in quasi-bulk materials. In bi- and multilayer model systems, additionally, spatially inhomogeneous relaxation channels are accessible, often governed by pronounced interfacial couplings and local excitations in confined geometries. Here, we systematically explore the key dependencies of the low-frequency acoustic phonon spectrum in an elastically mismatched metal/semiconductor bilayer system optically excited by femtosecond laser pulses. We track the spatiotemporal strain wave propagation in the heterostructure employing a discrete numerical linear chain simulation and access acoustic wave reflections and interfacial couplings with a phonon mode description based on a continuum mechanics model. Due to the interplay of elastic properties and mass densities of the two materials, acoustic resonance frequencies of the heterostructure significantly differ from breathing modes in monolayer films. For large acoustic mismatch, the spatial localization of phonon eigenmodes is derived from analytical approximations and can be interpreted as harmonic oscillations in decoupled mechanical resonators.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Bach
- Institute of Physics, University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - S. Schäfer
- Institute of Physics, University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
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7
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Zhao X, Nie Z, Feng Y, Zhao W, Zhang J, Zhang W, Maioli P, Loh ZH. Ultrafast acoustic vibrations of Au-Ag nanoparticles with varying elongated structures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:22728-22735. [PMID: 33016284 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03260c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Acoustic vibrations of Au and Ag elongated nano-objects with original morphologies, from Ag-Ag homodimers to Au@Ag-Ag heterodimers and Au@Ag eccentric core-shell spheroids, have been experimentally investigated by ultrafast time-resolved optical spectroscopy. Their frequencies, obtained by the analysis of time-dependent transient absorption changes, are compared with the results obtained from finite element modeling (FEM) numerical computations, which allow assignment of the detected oscillating signals to fundamental radial and extensional modes. FEM was further used to analyze the effects of morphology and composition on the vibrational dynamics. FEM computations indicate that (1) the central distance between particles forming the nanodimers has profound effects on the extensional mode frequencies and a negligible influence on the radial mode ones, in analogy with the case of monometallic nanorods, (2) coating Au with Ag also has a strong mass-loading-like effect on the dimer and core-shell stretching mode frequency, while (3) its influence on the radial breathing mode is smaller and analogous to the non-monotonic frequency dependence on the Au fraction previously observed in isotropic bimetallic spheres. These findings are significant for developing a predictive understanding of nanostructure mechanical properties and for designing new mechanical nanoresonators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
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8
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Ahmed A, Pelton M, Guest JR. Understanding How Acoustic Vibrations Modulate the Optical Response of Plasmonic Metal Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2017; 11:9360-9369. [PMID: 28817767 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b04789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of acoustic vibrations in nanoparticles provide an opportunity to study mechanical phenomena at nanometer length scales and picosecond time scales. Vibrations in noble-metal nanoparticles have attracted particular attention because they couple to plasmon resonances in the nanoparticles, leading to strong modulation of optical absorption and scattering. There are three mechanisms that transduce the mechanical oscillations into changes in the plasmon resonance: (1) changes in the nanoparticle geometry, (2) changes in electron density due to changes in the nanoparticle volume, and (3) changes in the interband transition energies due to compression/expansion of the nanoparticle (deformation potential). These mechanisms have been studied in the past to explain the origin of the experimental signals; however, a thorough quantitative connection between the coupling of phonon and plasmon modes has not yet been made, and the separate contribution of each coupling mechanism has not yet been quantified. Here, we present a numerical method to quantitatively determine the coupling between vibrational and plasmon modes in noble-metal nanoparticles of arbitrary geometries and apply it to silver and gold spheres, shells, rods, and cubes in the context of time-resolved measurements. We separately determine the parts of the optical response that are due to shape changes, changes in electron density, and changes in deformation potential. We further show that coupling is, in general, strongest when the regions of largest electric field (plasmon mode) and largest displacement (phonon mode) overlap. These results clarify reported experimental results and should help guide future experiments and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Ahmed
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California State University Long Beach , Long Beach, California 90840, United States
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Matthew Pelton
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County , Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Guest
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
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9
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Deacon WM, Lombardi A, Benz F, Del Valle-Inclan Redondo Y, Chikkaraddy R, de Nijs B, Kleemann ME, Mertens J, Baumberg JJ. Interrogating Nanojunctions Using Ultraconfined Acoustoplasmonic Coupling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:023901. [PMID: 28753345 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.023901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Single nanoparticles are shown to develop a localized acoustic resonance, the bouncing mode, when placed on a substrate. If both substrate and nanoparticle are noble metals, plasmonic coupling of the nanoparticle to its image charges in the film induces tight light confinement in the nanogap. This yields ultrastrong "acoustoplasmonic" coupling with a figure of merit 7 orders of magnitude higher than conventional acousto-optic modulators. The plasmons thus act as a local vibrational probe of the contact geometry. A simple analytical mechanical model is found to describe the bouncing mode in terms of the nanoscale structure, allowing transient pump-probe spectroscopy to directly measure the contact area for individual nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Deacon
- Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Lombardi
- Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Benz
- Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rohit Chikkaraddy
- Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Bart de Nijs
- Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Marie-Elena Kleemann
- Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Mertens
- Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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Fan G, Jiao W, Yang L, Wu X, Chen M, Gao R, Li Y, Xie B, Liu J, Han M, Song Y, Qu S. Effects of hydriding and ageing of Pd nanoparticles to contact between nanoparticles and quartz and contacts among nanoparticles investigated by the pump-probe technique. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Fan G, Chen M, Wu X, Han M, Song Y, Qu S, Xie B, Yang L, Gao R, Guo Z, Liu J. Dramatic changes of optical nonlinearity and ultrafast dynamics of palladium nanoparticles caused by hydriding. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Lahme S, Kealhofer C, Krausz F, Baum P. Femtosecond single-electron diffraction. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2014; 1:034303. [PMID: 26798778 PMCID: PMC4711605 DOI: 10.1063/1.4884937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast electron diffraction allows the tracking of atomic motion in real time, but space charge effects within dense electron packets are a problem for temporal resolution. Here, we report on time-resolved pump-probe diffraction using femtosecond single-electron pulses that are free from intra-pulse Coulomb interactions over the entire trajectory from the source to the detector. Sufficient average electron current is achieved at repetition rates of hundreds of kHz. Thermal load on the sample is avoided by minimizing the pump-probe area and by maximizing heat diffusion. Time-resolved diffraction from fibrous graphite polycrystals reveals coherent acoustic phonons in a nanometer-thick grain ensemble with a signal-to-noise level comparable to conventional multi-electron experiments. These results demonstrate the feasibility of pump-probe diffraction in the single-electron regime, where simulations indicate compressibility of the pulses down to few-femtosecond and attosecond duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lahme
- Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Am Coulombwall 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - C Kealhofer
- Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Am Coulombwall 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F Krausz
- Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Am Coulombwall 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - P Baum
- Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Am Coulombwall 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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13
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Loether A, Gao Y, Chen Z, DeCamp MF, Dufresne EM, Walko DA, Wen H. Transient crystalline superlattice generated by a photoacoustic transducer. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2014; 1:024301. [PMID: 26798773 PMCID: PMC4711598 DOI: 10.1063/1.4867494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Designing an efficient and simple method for modulating the intensity of x-ray radiation on a picosecond time-scale has the potential to produce ultrafast pulses of hard x-rays. In this work, we generate a tunable transient superlattice, in an otherwise perfect crystal, by photoexciting a metal film on a crystalline substrate. The resulting transient strain has amplitudes approaching 1%, wavevectors greater than [Formula: see text], and lifetimes approaching 1 ns. This method has the potential to generate isolated picosecond x-ray bursts with scattering efficiencies in excess of 10%.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Loether
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | | | - Z Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - M F DeCamp
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - E M Dufresne
- Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D A Walko
- Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Wen
- Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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14
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Yu P, Shiu YJ, Chen YT, Lin SH. Ultrafast Spectroscopy Studies on Thickness Dependence of Acoustic Phonon Modes in Silver Nanoprisms. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200800006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Dacosta Fernandes B, Spuch-Calvar M, Baida H, Tréguer-Delapierre M, Oberlé J, Langot P, Burgin J. Acoustic vibrations of Au nano-bipyramids and their modification under Ag deposition: a perspective for the development of nanobalances. ACS NANO 2013; 7:7630-7639. [PMID: 23987911 DOI: 10.1021/nn402076m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the acoustic vibrations of gold nanobipyramids and bimetallic gold-silver core-shell bipyramids, synthesized by wet chemistry techniques, using a high-sensitivity pump-probe femtosecond setup. Three modes were observed and characterized in the gold core particles for lengths varying from 49 to 170 nm and diameters varying from 20 to 40 nm. The two strongest modes have been associated with the fundamental extensional and its first harmonic, and a weak mode has been associated with the fundamental radial mode, in very good agreement with numerical simulations. We then derived linear laws linking the periods to the dimensions both experimentally and numerically. To go further, we investigated the evolution of these modes under silver deposition on gold core bipyramids. We studied the evolution of the periods of the extensional modes, which were found to be in good qualitative agreement with numerical simulations. Moreover, we observed a strong enhancement of the radial mode amplitude when silver is deposited: we are typically sensitive to the deposition of 40 attograms of silver per gold core particle. This opens up possible applications in the field of mass sensing, where metallic nanobalances have an important role to play, taking advantage of their robustness and versatility.
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Fedou J, Viarbitskaya S, Marty R, Sharma J, Paillard V, Dujardin E, Arbouet A. From patterned optical near-fields to high symmetry acoustic vibrations in gold crystalline platelets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:4205-13. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp43273k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Ng MY, Chang YC. Laser-induced breathing modes in metallic nanoparticles: A symmetric molecular dynamics study. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:094116. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3563803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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19
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Pelton M, Sader JE, Burgin J, Liu M, Guyot-Sionnest P, Gosztola D. Damping of acoustic vibrations in gold nanoparticles. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 4:492-495. [PMID: 19662009 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2009.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Studies of acoustic vibrations in nanometre-scale particles can provide fundamental insights into the mechanical properties of materials because it is possible to precisely characterize and control the crystallinity and geometry of such nanostructures. Metal nanoparticles are of particular interest because they allow the use of ultrafast laser pulses to generate and probe high-frequency acoustic vibrations, which have the potential to be used in a variety of sensing applications. So far, the decay of these vibrations has been dominated by dephasing due to variations in nanoparticle size. Such inhomogeneities can be eliminated by performing measurements on single nanoparticles deposited on a substrate, but unknown interactions between the nanoparticles and the substrate make it difficult to interpret the results of such experiments. Here, we show that the effects of inhomogeneous damping can be reduced by using bipyramidal gold nanoparticles with highly uniform sizes. The inferred homogeneous damping is due to the combination of damping intrinsic to the nanoparticles and the surrounding solvent; the latter is quantitatively described by a parameter-free model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Pelton
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
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Crut A, Maioli P, Fatti ND, Vallée F. Anisotropy effects on the time-resolved spectroscopy of the acoustic vibrations of nanoobjects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:5882-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b902107h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Liu N, Giesen F, Belov M, Losby J, Moroz J, Fraser AE, McKinnon G, Clement TJ, Sauer V, Hiebert WK, Freeman MR. Time-domain control of ultrahigh-frequency nanomechanical systems. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 3:715-719. [PMID: 19057589 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2008.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2008] [Accepted: 10/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanoelectromechanical systems could have applications in fields as diverse as ultrasensitive mass detection and mechanical computation, and can also be used to explore fundamental phenomena such as quantized heat conductance and quantum-limited displacement. Most nanomechanical studies to date have been performed in the frequency domain. However, applications in computation and information storage will require transient excitation and high-speed time-domain operation of nanomechanical systems. Here we show a time-resolved optical approach to the transduction of ultrahigh-frequency nanoelectromechanical systems, and demonstrate that coherent control of nanomechanical oscillation is possible through appropriate pulse programming. A series of cantilevers with resonant frequencies ranging from less than 10 MHz to over 1 GHz are characterized using the same pulse parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Liu
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G7, Canada
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22
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Rizzi AC, van Gastel M, Liddell PA, Palacios RE, Moore GF, Kodis G, Moore AL, Moore TA, Gust D, Braslavsky SE. Entropic Changes Control the Charge Separation Process in Triads Mimicking Photosynthetic Charge Separation. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:4215-23. [DOI: 10.1021/jp712008b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto C. Rizzi
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie (formerly Strahlenchemie), Postfach 10 13 65, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604
| | - Maurice van Gastel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie (formerly Strahlenchemie), Postfach 10 13 65, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604
| | - Paul A. Liddell
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie (formerly Strahlenchemie), Postfach 10 13 65, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604
| | - Rodrigo E. Palacios
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie (formerly Strahlenchemie), Postfach 10 13 65, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604
| | - Gary F. Moore
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie (formerly Strahlenchemie), Postfach 10 13 65, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604
| | - Gerdenis Kodis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie (formerly Strahlenchemie), Postfach 10 13 65, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604
| | - Ana L. Moore
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie (formerly Strahlenchemie), Postfach 10 13 65, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604
| | - Tom A. Moore
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie (formerly Strahlenchemie), Postfach 10 13 65, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604
| | - Devens Gust
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie (formerly Strahlenchemie), Postfach 10 13 65, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604
| | - Silvia E. Braslavsky
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie (formerly Strahlenchemie), Postfach 10 13 65, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604
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van Dijk MA, Lippitz M, Orrit M. Detection of acoustic oscillations of single gold nanospheres by time-resolved interferometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:267406. [PMID: 16486406 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.267406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We measure the transient absorption of single gold particles with a common-path interferometer. The prompt electronic part of the signal provides images for diameters as small as 10 nm. Mechanical vibrations of single particles appear on a longer time scale (period of 16 ps for 50 nm diameter). They reveal the full heterogeneity of the ensemble, and the intrinsic damping of the vibration. We also observe a lower-frequency mode involving shear. Ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy of individual particles opens new insight into mechanical properties of nanometer-sized objects.
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van Dijk MA, Lippitz M, Orrit M. Far-field optical microscopy of single metal nanoparticles. Acc Chem Res 2005; 38:594-601. [PMID: 16028894 DOI: 10.1021/ar0401303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Individual noble-metal particles, with sizes ranging from a few tenths to some hundreds of nanometers, can now be detected by far-field optics. Single-particle microscopy gives access to inhomogeneity, distributions, and fluctuations, which were previously hidden in ensemble experiments. Scattering methods rely on dark-field illumination, spectral signatures of the metal particles, or both. More advanced techniques provide high sensitivity and improved selectivity with respect to other scatterers by isolating metal-specific signals, for example the refractive index change due to heating of the environment by a pump beam or the time-resolved optical response of the particle to a short pump pulse. We review and compare linear and nonlinear methods in far-field optical microscopy that have reached the single-particle regime by means of scattered light, thermal effects, photoluminescence, or nonlinear frequency generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meindert A van Dijk
- MoNOS, Huygens Laboratory, Universiteit Leiden, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Saviot L, Murray DB. Long lived acoustic vibrational modes of an embedded nanoparticle. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:055506. [PMID: 15323709 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.055506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Classical continuum elastic calculations show that the acoustic vibrational modes of an embedded nanoparticle can be lightly damped even when the longitudinal plane wave acoustic impedances Z(o)=rhov(L) of the nanoparticle and the matrix are the same. It is not necessary for the matrix to be less dense or softer than the nanoparticle in order to have long lived vibrational modes. A corrected formula for acoustic impedance is provided for the case of longitudinal spherical waves. Continuum boundary conditions do not always accurately reflect the microscopic nature of the interface between the nanoparticle and the matrix, and a multilayer model of the interface reveals the possibility of additional reduction of mode damping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Saviot
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Réactivité des Solides, UMR 5613 CNRS-Université de Bourgogne, 9 avenue A. Savary, BP 47870 - 21078 Dijon, France.
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Hu M, Wang X, Hartland GV, Mulvaney P, Juste JP, Sader JE. Vibrational Response of Nanorods to Ultrafast Laser Induced Heating: Theoretical and Experimental Analysis. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:14925-33. [PMID: 14640670 DOI: 10.1021/ja037443y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we elucidate the vibrational response of cylindrical nanorods to ultrafast laser-induced heating. A theoretical analysis of the expected behavior is first presented. This analysis predicts that both extensional and breathing vibrational modes of the rods should be excited by laser-induced heating. Analytical formulas are derived assuming that the heating/expansion process is instantaneous, and that the lengths of the rods are much greater than their radii. These results show that the breathing mode dominates the mechanical deformation of the rod. However, because the frequency of the extensional mode is much lower than that of the breathing mode, the extensional mode will dominate the response for a real experiment (a finite-time heating/expansion process). The results of this model are compared to data from transient absorption experiments performed on gold nanorods with average lengths between 30 and 110 nm. The transient absorption traces show pronounced modulations with periods between 40 and 120 ps, which are only observed when the probe laser is tuned to the longitudinal plasmon band. The measured periods are in good agreement with the expected values for the extensional modes of the rods. For rods wider than 20 nm, the breathing mode can also be observed and, again, the measured periods are in good agreement with the theoretical calculations. The breathing mode is not observed for thinner rods (<20 nm width) because, in this case, the period is comparable to the time scale for lattice heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556-5670, USA
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Hartland GV. Coherent vibrational motion in metal particles: Determination of the vibrational amplitude and excitation mechanism. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1469021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hartland GV, Hu M, Wilson O, Mulvaney P, Sader JE. Coherent Excitation of Vibrational Modes in Gold Nanorods. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013887+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Voisin C, Del Fatti N, Christofilos D, Vallée F. Ultrafast Electron Dynamics and Optical Nonlinearities in Metal Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0038153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 541] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Voisin
- Laboratoire d'Optique Quantique du CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, and CPMOH, CNRS-Université Bordeaux I, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Natalia Del Fatti
- Laboratoire d'Optique Quantique du CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, and CPMOH, CNRS-Université Bordeaux I, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Dimitris Christofilos
- Laboratoire d'Optique Quantique du CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, and CPMOH, CNRS-Université Bordeaux I, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Fabrice Vallée
- Laboratoire d'Optique Quantique du CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, and CPMOH, CNRS-Université Bordeaux I, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
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Hodak JH, Henglein A, Hartland GV. Photophysics of Nanometer Sized Metal Particles: Electron−Phonon Coupling and Coherent Excitation of Breathing Vibrational Modes. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002256x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose H. Hodak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670
| | - Arnim Henglein
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670
| | - Gregory V. Hartland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670
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