1
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Veldscholte LB, Snoeijer JH, den Otter WK, de Beer S. Pressure Anisotropy in Polymer Brushes and Its Effects on Wetting. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4401-4409. [PMID: 38358950 PMCID: PMC10905992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Polymer brushes, coatings consisting of densely grafted macromolecules, experience an intrinsic lateral compressive pressure, originating from chain elasticity and excluded volume interactions. This lateral pressure complicates a proper definition of the interface and, thereby, the determination and interpretation of the interfacial tension and its relation to the wetting behavior of brushes. Here, we study the link among grafting-induced compressive lateral pressure in polymer brushes, interfacial tension, and brush wettability using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. We focus on grafting densities and polymer-liquid affinities such that the polymer and liquid do not tend to mix. For these systems, a central result is that the liquid contact angle is independent of the grafting density, which implies that the grafting-induced lateral compressive pressure in the brush does not influence its wettability. Although the definition of brush interfacial tensions is complicated by the grafting-induced pressure, the difference in the interfacial tension between wet and dry brushes is perfectly well-defined. We confirm explicitly from Young's law that this difference offers an accurate description of the brush wettability. We then explore a method to isolate the grafting-induced contribution to the lateral pressure, assuming the interfacial tension is independent of grafting density. This scenario indeed allows disentanglement of interfacial and grafting effects for a broad range of parameters, except close to the mixing point. We separately discuss the latter case in light of autophobic dewetting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars B. Veldscholte
- Functional
Polymer Surfaces, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco H. Snoeijer
- Physics
of Fluids, MESA+ Institute, University of
Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter K. den Otter
- Multiscale
Mechanics, Department of Fluid and Thermal Engineering, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sissi de Beer
- Functional
Polymer Surfaces, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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2
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Chen W, Xu B, Tang Q, Qian S, Bian D, Li H. Preparation and Properties of PDMS Surface Coating for Ultra-Low Friction Characteristics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:14605-14615. [PMID: 37788007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has excellent physical-chemical properties and good biocompatibility. Thus, PDMS has been widely applied in biomedical applications. However, the low surface free energy and surface hydrophobicity of PDMS can easily lead to adverse symptoms, such as tissue damage and ulceration, during medical treatment. Therefore, the construction of a hydrophilic low-friction surface on the PDMS surface could be helpful for alleviating patient discomfort and would be of great significance for broadening the application of PDMS in the field of interventional medical catheters. Existing surface modification methods such as hydrogel coatings and chemical grafting suffer from several deficiencies including uncontrollable thickness, surface fragility, and low surface strength. In this study, a hydrophilic surface with ultra-low friction properties was prepared on the surface of PDMS by an ultraviolet light (UV) curing method. The monomer acrylamide (AM) was induced by a photoinitiator to form a coating on the surface of the silicone rubber by in situ polymerization. The surface roughness of the as-prepared coatings was regulated by adding different concentrations of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) to the monomer solution, and the coating properties were systematically characterized. The results indicated that the roughness and thickness of the as-prepared coatings decreased with increasing AMPS concentration and the as-prepared coatings had good hydrophilicity and low-friction properties. The Coefficient of Friction (CoF) was as low as 0.0075 in the deionized water solution, which was 99.7% lower than that of the unmodified PDMS surface. Moreover, the coating with a lower surface roughness exhibited better low-friction properties. The results reported herein provide new insight into the preparation of hydrophilic, low-friction coatings on polymer surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Qichen Tang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Shanhua Qian
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Da Bian
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hui Li
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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3
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Kap Ö, Hartmann S, Hoek H, de Beer S, Siretanu I, Thiele U, Mugele F. Nonequilibrium configurations of swelling polymer brush layers induced by spreading drops of weakly volatile oil. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2888849. [PMID: 37144718 DOI: 10.1063/5.0146779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer brush layers are responsive materials that swell in contact with good solvents and their vapors. We deposit drops of an almost completely wetting volatile oil onto an oleophilic polymer brush layer and follow the response of the system upon simultaneous exposure to both liquid and vapor. Interferometric imaging shows that a halo of partly swollen polymer brush layer forms ahead of the moving contact line. The swelling dynamics of this halo is controlled by a subtle balance of direct imbibition from the drop into the brush layer and vapor phase transport and can lead to very long-lived transient swelling profiles as well as nonequilibrium configurations involving thickness gradients in a stationary state. A gradient dynamics model based on a free energy functional with three coupled fields is developed and numerically solved. It describes experimental observations and reveals how local evaporation and condensation conspire to stabilize the inhomogeneous nonequilibrium stationary swelling profiles. A quantitative comparison of experiments and calculations provides access to the solvent diffusion coefficient within the brush layer. Overall, the results highlight the-presumably generally applicable-crucial role of vapor phase transport in dynamic wetting phenomena involving volatile liquids on swelling functional surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Kap
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Hartmann
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 9, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nonlinear Science (CeNoS), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Harmen Hoek
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sissi de Beer
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry Group, Department of Molecules & Materials MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Igor Siretanu
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Thiele
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 9, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nonlinear Science (CeNoS), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frieder Mugele
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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4
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Gresham IJ, Neto C. Advances and challenges in slippery covalently-attached liquid surfaces. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 315:102906. [PMID: 37099851 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, a new class of slippery, anti-adhesive surfaces known as slippery covalently-attached liquid surfaces (SCALS) has emerged, characterized by low values of contact angle hysteresis (CAH, less than 5°) with water and most solvents. Despite their nanoscale thickness (1 to 5 nm), SCALS exhibit behavior similar to lubricant-infused surfaces, including high droplet mobility and the ability to prevent icing, scaling, and fouling. To date, SCALS have primarily been obtained using grafted polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), though there are also examples of polyethylene oxide (PEO), perfluorinated polyether (PFPE), and short-chain alkane SCALS. Importantly, the precise physico-chemical characteristics that enable ultra-low CAH are unknown, making rational design of these systems impossible. In this review, we conduct a quantitative and comparative analysis of reported values of CAH, molecular weight, grafting density, and layer thickness for a range of SCALS. We find that CAH does not scale monotonically with any reported parameter; instead, the CAH minimum is found at intermediate values. For PDMS, optimal behavior is observed at advancing contact angle of 106°, molecular weight between 2 and 10 kg mol-1, and grafting density of around 0.5 nm-2. CAH on SCALS is lowest for layers created from end-grafted chains and increases with the number of binding sites, and can generally be improved by increasing the chemical homogeneity of the surface through the capping of residual silanols. We review the existing literature on SCALS, including both synthetic and functional aspects of current preparative methods. The properties of reported SCALS are quantitatively analyzed, revealing trends in the existing data and highlighting areas for future experimental study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac J Gresham
- School of Chemistry and the University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW Australia, Sydney 2006, NSW, Australia.
| | - Chiara Neto
- School of Chemistry and the University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW Australia, Sydney 2006, NSW, Australia.
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5
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Ritsema van Eck G, Chiappisi L, de Beer S. Fundamentals and Applications of Polymer Brushes in Air. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2022; 4:3062-3087. [PMID: 35601464 PMCID: PMC9112284 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.1c01615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
For several decades, high-density, end-tethered polymers, forming so-called polymer brushes, have inspired scientists to understand their properties and to translate them to applications. While earlier research focused on polymer brushes in liquids, it was recently recognized that these brushes can find application in air as well. In this review, we report on recent progress in unraveling fundamental concepts of brushes in air, such as their vapor-swelling and solvent partitioning. Moreover, we provide an overview of the plethora of applications in air (e.g., in sensing, separations or smart adhesives) where brushes can be key components. To conclude, we provide an outlook by identifying open questions and issues that, when solved, will pave the way for the large scale application of brushes in air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido
C. Ritsema van Eck
- Sustainable
Polymer Chemistry Group, Department of Molecules & Materials,
MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Leonardo Chiappisi
- Institut
Max von Laue - Paul Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Sissi de Beer
- Sustainable
Polymer Chemistry Group, Department of Molecules & Materials,
MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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6
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Zhou S, Qian S, Wang W, Ni Z, Yu J. Fabrication of a Hydrophilic Low-Friction Poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) Coating on Silicon Rubber. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:13493-13500. [PMID: 34724617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Silicon rubber has been widely used in the biomedical field due to its excellent mechanical properties and physiological inertia. However, the hydrophobic properties of silicon rubber surfaces limit their further application. Therefore, constructing a silicon rubber coating with hydrophilic and low-friction surface properties would be highly significant. Existing methods to achieve such coatings, including grafting polymer brushes and the deposition of hydrophilic materials, suffer from several deficiencies such as complicated coating processes and insufficient coating firmness. In this paper, we report a hydrophilic polymer poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) coating that can easily coat the surface of silicon rubber to provide low-friction performance. Sample silicon rubber was treated with benzophenone and hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer solution in turn. The as-prepared coating was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, white light interference, and MFT-5000 wear test. The results indicated that the PHEMA coating had excellent hydrophilic properties (with a low contact angle of 9.39°) compared to uncoated silicon rubber. As the concentration of glycerol in the monomer solution was increased, the thickness and surface roughness of the as-prepared coating gradually decreased. The coating was firmly adsorbed on the substrate, and it had a zero-class bonding strength. In addition, the as-prepared coating demonstrated good friction-reduced properties, with the coefficient of friction being reduced by 98.0% compared with the uncoated silicon rubber in simulated blood. In summary, a hydrophilic and low-friction coating was successfully prepared using a simple method, and the results reported herein provide valuable insight into the surface design of similar soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Zhou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Shanhua Qian
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zifeng Ni
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jinghu Yu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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7
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Trachsel L, Ramakrishna SN, Romio M, Spencer ND, Benetti EM. Topology and Molecular Architecture of Polyelectrolytes Determine Their pH-Responsiveness When Assembled on Surfaces. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:90-97. [PMID: 35548981 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Polymer composition and topology of surface-grafted polyacids determine the amplitude of their pH-induced swelling transition. The intrinsic steric constraints characterizing cyclic poly(2-carboxypropyl-2-oxazoline) (c-PCPOXA) and poly(2-carboxyethyl-2-oxazoline) (c-PCEOXA) forming brushes on Au surfaces induce an enhancement in repulsive interactions between charged polymer segments upon deprotonation, leading to an amplified expansion and a significant increment in swelling with respect to their linear analogues of similar molar mass. On the other hand, it is the composition of polyacid grafts that governs their hydration in both undissociated and ionized forms, determining the degree of swelling during their pH-induced transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucca Trachsel
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Shivaprakash N. Ramakrishna
- Laboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Romio
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas D. Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M. Benetti
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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8
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Etha SA, Desai PR, Sachar HS, Das S. Wetting Dynamics on Solvophilic, Soft, Porous, and Responsive Surfaces. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sai Ankit Etha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Parth Rakesh Desai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Harnoor Singh Sachar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Siddhartha Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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9
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Ritsema van Eck GC, Veldscholte LB, Nijkamp JHWH, de Beer S. Sorption Characteristics of Polymer Brushes in Equilibrium with Solvent Vapors. Macromolecules 2020; 53:8428-8437. [PMID: 33071358 PMCID: PMC7558291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
While
polymer brushes in contact with liquids have been researched
intensively, the characteristics of brushes in equilibrium with vapors
have been largely unexplored, despite their relevance for many applications,
including sensors and smart adhesives. Here, we use molecular dynamics
simulations to show that solvent and polymer density distributions
for brushes exposed to vapors are qualitatively different from those
of brushes exposed to liquids. Polymer density profiles for vapor-solvated
brushes decay more sharply than for liquid-solvated brushes. Moreover,
adsorption layers of enhanced solvent density are formed at the brush–vapor
interface. Interestingly and despite all of these effects, we find
that solvent sorption in the brush is described rather well with a
simple mean-field Flory–Huggins model that incorporates an
entropic penalty for stretching of the brush polymers, provided that
parameters such as the polymer–solvent interaction parameter,
grafting density, and relative vapor pressure are varied individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido C Ritsema van Eck
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, University of Twente, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Lars B Veldscholte
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, University of Twente, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H W H Nijkamp
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, University of Twente, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Sissi de Beer
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, University of Twente, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
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10
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Sim XM, Wang CG, Liu X, Goto A. Multistimuli Responsive Reversible Cross-Linking-Decross-Linking of Concentrated Polymer Brushes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:28711-28719. [PMID: 32515964 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Poly(furfuryl methacrylate) (PFMA) brushes were cross-linked using bismaleimide cross-linkers via the Diels-Alder (DA) reaction at 70 °C, generating cross-linked PFMA brushes (PFMA brush gels). The cross-linked PFMA brushes were decross-linked at 110 °C via the retro-Diels-Alder (rDA) reaction, offering the temperature-responsive reversible PFMA brush gels. The wettability of the brush was tunable by cross-linking and decross-linking. The use of a disulfide containing bismaleimide as a cross-linker gave the S-S bond at the cross-linking point. The S-S bond was cleaved upon thermal or photo stimulus and regenerated through oxidative stimulus, offering another reversible decross-linking/cross-linking pathway of the PFMA brush gel. The use of photo stimulus together with photomasks further offered patterned brushes with the cross-linked and decross-linked domains. The combination of the DA/rDA reactions and the reversible S-S bond cleavage provided multistimuli-responsive brush gels for switching the surface properties in unique manners. The reversible cross-linking, multiresponsiveness, access to patterned structures, and metal-free synthetic procedure are attractive features in the present approach for creating smart functional surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ming Sim
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Chen-Gang Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Xu Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Atsushi Goto
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
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11
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Seidi F, Zhao W, Xiao H, Jin Y, Saeb MR, Zhao C. Radical polymerization as a versatile tool for surface grafting of thin hydrogel films. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00787k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The surface of solid substrates is the main part that interacts with the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Seidi
- Provincial Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Sci and Tech
- and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing 210037
- China
| | - Weifeng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of New Brunswick
- Fredericton
- E3B 5A3 Canada
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Provincial Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Sci and Tech
- and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing 210037
- China
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Resin and Additives
- Institute for Color Science and Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Changsheng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
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12
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Kim S, Moses KJ, Sharma S, Bilal M, Cohen Y. Surface characterization data for tethered polyacrylic acid layers synthesized on polysulfone surfaces. Data Brief 2019; 23:103747. [PMID: 31372412 PMCID: PMC6660637 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.103747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The data presented are supplementary to an article [Kim et al., 2019] on synthesis and surface characterization of tethered polyacrylic acid (PAA) layers on polysulfone (PSf) film/membrane surfaces via atmospheric pressure plasma-induced graft polymerization (APPIGP). Data on surface characterization of the synthesized tethered PAA layers includes: AFM topographic surface images and height distributions of surface features, dry layer thickness, chain rupture length distributions determined via AFM based force spectroscopy (AFM-FS), in addition to measurements of water contact angles. Fouling propensity data for ultrafiltration of alginic acid as a model foulant are also provided for native and PAA grafted PSf ultrafiltration (UF) membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soomin Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kari J. Moses
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shivani Sharma
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yoram Cohen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Corresponding author.
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13
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Lhermerout R, Davitt K. Contact angle dynamics on pseudo-brushes: Effects of polymer chain length and wetting liquid. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Mensink LI, Snoeijer JH, de Beer S. Wetting of Polymer Brushes by Polymeric Nanodroplets. Macromolecules 2019; 52:2015-2020. [PMID: 30894780 PMCID: PMC6416710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
End-anchoring polymers to a solid surface to form so-called polymer brushes is a versatile method to prepare robust functional coatings. We show, using molecular dynamics simulations, that these coatings display rich wetting behavior. Depending on the interaction between the brushes and the polymeric droplets as well as on the self-affinity of the brush, we can distinguish between three wetting states: mixing, complete wetting, and partial wetting. We find that transitions between these states are largely captured by enthalpic arguments, while deviations to these can be attributed to the negative excess interfacial entropy for the brush droplet system. Interestingly, we observe that the contact angle strongly increases when the softness of the brush is increased, which is opposite to the case of drops on soft elastomers. Hence, the Young to Neumann transition owing to softness is not universal but depends on the nature of the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz I.
S. Mensink
- Physics
of Fluids, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, and Materials Science
and Technology of Polymers, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco H. Snoeijer
- Physics
of Fluids, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, and Materials Science
and Technology of Polymers, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sissi de Beer
- Physics
of Fluids, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, and Materials Science
and Technology of Polymers, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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15
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Albers PT, Govers SP, Laven J, van der Ven LG, van Benthem RA, de With G, Esteves ACC. Design of dual hydrophobic–hydrophilic polymer networks for highly lubricious polyether-urethane coatings. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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16
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Shiomoto S, Yamaguchi K, Kobayashi M. Time Evolution of Precursor Thin Film of Water on Polyelectrolyte Brush. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:10276-10286. [PMID: 30102545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The microscopic wetting behavior of a water film on the line-patterned surface of a polyelectrolyte brush was directly visualized using an optical microscope by dyeing procedures. Surface line patterns of 5 and 5 μm width or 10 and 5 μm width for the polyelectrolyte brush and hydrophobic monolayer, respectively, were prepared by a photolithography process, chemical vapor adsorption method, and surface-initiated polymerization. A droplet of water containing dye was placed on the line-patterned surface. In front of the contact line, a water film with a nanometer-scale thickness, referred to as a precursor film, elongated along the polymer brush line with time. The elongation velocity at the first stage increased as the brush line width increased. On the other hand, at the second stage after the macroscopic contact line stopped moving, the precursor film continued to elongate in proportion to the 0.6 power of time, independent of the brush thickness, line width, and droplet volume.
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17
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Benetti EM. Quasi-3D-Structured Interfaces by Polymer Brushes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1800189. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edmondo M. Benetti
- Polymer Surfaces Group; Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology; Department of Materials; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5/10 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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18
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Yang F, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Ren B, Xu J, Zheng J. Synthesis and Characterization of Ultralow Fouling Poly(N-acryloyl-glycinamide) Brushes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:13964-13972. [PMID: 29160706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The rational design of biomaterials with antifouling properties still remains a challenge, although this is important for many bench-to-bedside applications for biomedical implants, drug delivery carriers, and marine coatings. Herein, we synthesized and characterized poly(N-acryloylglycinamide) (polyNAGA) and then grafted poly(NAGA) onto Au substrate to form polymer brushes with well-controlled film stability, wettability, and thickness using surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). The NAGA monomer integrates two hydrophilic amides on the side chain to enhance surface hydration, which is thought as a critical contributor to its antifouling property. The antifouling performances of poly(NAGA) brushes of different film thicknesses were then rigorously assessed and compared using protein adsorption assay from undiluted blood serum and plasma, cell-adhesive assay, and bacterial assay. The resulting poly(NAGA) brushes with a film thickness of 25-35 nm exhibited excellent in vitro antifouling ability to prevent unwanted protein adsorption (<0.3 ng/cm2) and bacterial and cell attachments up to 3 days. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations further showed that two hydrophilic amide groups can interact with water molecules strongly to form a strong hydration layer via coordinated hydrogen bonds. This confirms a positive correlation between antifouling property and surface hydration. In line with a series of polyacrylamides and polyacrylates as antifouling materials synthesized in our lab, we propose that small structural changes in the pendent groups of polymers could largely improve the antifouling capacity, which may be used as a general design rule for developing next-generation antifouling materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyu Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology , Zhuzhou 412007, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Yonglan Liu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Yanxian Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Baiping Ren
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Jianxiong Xu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology , Zhuzhou 412007, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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19
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Active depinning of bacterial droplets: The collective surfing of Bacillus subtilis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:5958-5963. [PMID: 28536199 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1703997114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
How systems are endowed with migration capacity is a fascinating question with implications ranging from the design of novel active systems to the control of microbial populations. Bacteria, which can be found in a variety of environments, have developed among the richest set of locomotion mechanisms both at the microscopic and collective levels. Here, we uncover, experimentally, a mode of collective bacterial motility in humid environment through the depinning of bacterial droplets. Although capillary forces are notoriously enormous at the bacterial scale, even capable of pinning water droplets of millimetric size on inclined surfaces, we show that bacteria are able to harness a variety of mechanisms to unpin contact lines, hence inducing a collective slipping of the colony across the surface. Contrary to flagella-dependent migration modes like swarming, we show that this much faster "colony surfing" still occurs in mutant strains of Bacillus subtilis lacking flagella. The active unpinning seen in our experiments relies on a variety of microscopic mechanisms, which could each play an important role in the migration of microorganisms in humid environment.
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20
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Dehghani ES, Spencer ND, Ramakrishna SN, Benetti EM. Crosslinking Polymer Brushes with Ethylene Glycol-Containing Segments: Influence on Physicochemical and Antifouling Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:10317-10327. [PMID: 27642809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of different types and concentrations of crosslinks within poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) brushes influences their interfacial, physicochemical properties, ultimately governing their adsorption of proteins. PHEMA brushes and brush-hydrogels were synthesized by surface-initiated, atom-transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) from HEMA, with and without the addition of di(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (DEGDMA) or tetra(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) as crosslinkers. Linear (pure PHEMA) brushes show high hydration and low modulus and additionally provide an efficient barrier against nonspecific protein adsorption. In contrast, brush-hydrogels are stiffer and less hydrated, and the presence of crosslinks affects the entropy-driven, conformational barrier that hinders the surface interaction of biomolecules with brushes. This leads to the physisorption of proteins at low concentrations of short crosslinks. At higher contents of DEGDMA or in the presence of longer TEGDMA-based crosslinks, brush-hydrogels recover their antifouling properties due to the increase in interfacial water association by the higher concentration of ethylene glycol (EG) units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella S Dehghani
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas D Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shivaprakash N Ramakrishna
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M Benetti
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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A moving contact line as a rheometer for nanometric interfacial layers. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12545. [PMID: 27562022 PMCID: PMC5007437 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
How a liquid drop sits or moves depends on the physical and mechanical properties of the underlying substrate. This can be seen in the hysteresis of the contact angle made by a drop on a solid, which is known to originate from surface heterogeneities, and in the slowing of droplet motion on deformable solids. Here, we show how a moving contact line can be used to characterize a molecularly thin polymer layer on a solid. We find that the hysteresis depends on the polymerization index and can be optimized to be vanishingly small (<0.07°). The mechanical properties are quantitatively deduced from the microscopic contact angle, which is proportional to the speed of the contact line and the Rouse relaxation time divided by the layer thickness, in agreement with theory. Our work opens the prospect of measuring the properties of functionalized interfaces in microfluidic and biomedical applications that are otherwise inaccessible.
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Murakami D, Kobayashi M, Higaki Y, Jinnai H, Takahara A. Swollen structure and electrostatic interactions of polyelectrolyte brush in aqueous solution. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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23
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Boulogne F, Ingremeau F, Limat L, Stone HA. Tuning the Receding Contact Angle on Hydrogels by Addition of Particles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:5573-5579. [PMID: 27185647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Control of the swelling, chemical functionalization, and adhesivity of hydrogels are finding new applications in a wide range of material systems. We investigate experimentally the effect of adsorbed particles on hydrogels on the depinning of contact lines. In our experiments, a water drop containing polystyrene microspheres is deposited on a swelling hydrogel, which leads to the drop absorption and particle deposition. Two regimes are observed: a decreasing drop height with a pinned contact line followed by a receding contact line. We show that increasing the particles concentration increases the duration of the first regime and significantly decreases the total absorption time. The adsorbed particles increase the pinning force at the contact line. Finally, we develop a method to measure the receding contact angle with the consideration of the hydrogel swelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Boulogne
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot , Bâtiment Condorcet, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, Paris, France
| | - François Ingremeau
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- LIPhy, CNRS, and Université Grenoble Alpes, 140 Rue de la Physique, 38402 Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France
| | - Laurent Limat
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot , Bâtiment Condorcet, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, Paris, France
| | - Howard A Stone
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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24
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Utilizing vapor swelling of surface-initiated polymer brushes to develop quantitative measurements of brush thermodynamics and grafting density. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Lu Y, Sarshar MA, Du K, Chou T, Choi CH, Sukhishvili SA. Large-amplitude, reversible, pH-triggered wetting transitions enabled by layer-by-layer films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:12617-12623. [PMID: 24191775 DOI: 10.1021/am403944m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on the use of layer-by-layer (LbL) hydrogels, composed of amphiphilic polymers that undergo reversible collapse-dissolution transition in solutions as a function of pH, to induce sharp, large-amplitude wetting transition at microstructured surfaces. Surface hydrogels were composed of poly(2-alkylacrylic acids) (PaAAs) of varied hydrophobicity, i.e., poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA), poly(2-ethylacrylic acid) (PEAA), poly(2-n-propylacrylic acid) (PPAA) and poly(2-n-butylacrylic acid) (PBAA). When deposited at a micropillar-patterned silicon substrate, hydrophilic PMAA LbL hydrogels supported complete surface wetting (contact angle, CA, of 0°), whereas PEAA, PPAA, and PBAA ultrathin coatings supported large-amplitude wetting transitions, with CA changes from 110 to 125° at acidic to 0° at basic pH values, and the transition pH increasing from 6.2 to 8.4 with increased polyacid hydrophobicity. At acidic pHs, droplets showed a large hysteresis in CA (a "sticky droplet" behavior), and remained in the Wenzel state. The fact that CA changes for wetting-nonwetting transitions occurred at values close to physiologic pH makes these coatings promising for controlling flow and bioadhesion using external stimuli. Finally, we show that the surface wettability transitions can be used to detect positively charged analytes (such as gentamicin) in solution via large changes in CA associated with adsorption of analytes within the hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, and §Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Stevens Institute of Technology , Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
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26
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Lilge I, Schönherr H. Covalently cross-linked poly(acrylamide) brushes on gold with tunable mechanical properties via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. Eur Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Murakami D, Kobayashi M, Moriwaki T, Ikemoto Y, Jinnai H, Takahara A. Spreading and structuring of water on superhydrophilic polyelectrolyte brush surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:1148-1151. [PMID: 23281847 DOI: 10.1021/la304697q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The wetting behavior of superhydrophilic polyelectrolyte brushes was investigated. Reflection interference contrast microscopy demonstrated that the contact angles of water on the polyelectrolyte brushes were extremely low but remained finite in the range of <3°. The presence of water molecules was evident, even outside the macroscopic water droplet. These water molecules were confined to the thin brush layers and contained a highly ordered hydrogen bond network, which was identified as structural water. The presence of the thin film and the structural water changed the surface energies, which prevented the complete wetting of the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Murakami
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), ERATO, Takahara Soft Interfaces Project, CE80, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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28
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Cheng DF, Urata C, Masheder B, Hozumi A. A Physical Approach To Specifically Improve the Mobility of Alkane Liquid Drops. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:10191-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja302903e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dalton F. Cheng
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2266-98, Anagahora, Shimoshidami,
Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 463-8560, Japan
| | - Chihiro Urata
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2266-98, Anagahora, Shimoshidami,
Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 463-8560, Japan
| | - Benjamin Masheder
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2266-98, Anagahora, Shimoshidami,
Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 463-8560, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozumi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2266-98, Anagahora, Shimoshidami,
Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 463-8560, Japan
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29
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Kobayashi M, Terayama Y, Yamaguchi H, Terada M, Murakami D, Ishihara K, Takahara A. Wettability and antifouling behavior on the surfaces of superhydrophilic polymer brushes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:7212-7222. [PMID: 22500465 DOI: 10.1021/la301033h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The surface wettabilities of polymer brushes with hydrophobic and hydrophilic functional groups were discussed on the basis of conventional static and dynamic contact angle measurements of water and hexadecane in air and captive bubble measurements in water. Various types of high-density polymer brushes with nonionic and ionic functional groups were prepared on a silicon wafer by surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization. The surface free energies of the brushes were estimated by Owens-Wendt equation using the contact angles of various probe liquids with different polarities. The decrease in the water contact angle corresponded to the polarity of fluoroalkyl, hydroxy, ethylene oxide, amino, carboxylic acid, ammonium salt, sulfonate, carboxybetaine, sulfobetaine, and phosphobetaine functional groups. The poly(2-perfluorooctylethyl acrylate) brush had a low surface free energy of approximately 8.7 mN/m, but the polyelectrolyte brushes revealed much higher surface free energies of 70-74 mN/m, close to the value for water. Polyelectrolyte brushes repelled both air bubbles and hexadecane in water. Even when the silicone oil was spread on the polyelectrolyte brush surfaces in air, once they were immersed in water, the oil quickly rolled up and detached from the brush surface. The oil detachment behavior observed on the superhydrophilic polyelectrolyte brush in water was explained by the low adhesion force between the brush and the oil, which could contribute to its excellent antifouling and self-cleaning properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoyasu Kobayashi
- Japan Science Technology Agency, ERATO, Takahara Soft Interfaces Project.
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30
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Reed KM, Borovicka J, Horozov TS, Paunov VN, Thompson KL, Walsh A, Armes SP. Adsorption of sterically stabilized latex particles at liquid surfaces: effects of steric stabilizer surface coverage, particle size, and chain length on particle wettability. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:7291-7298. [PMID: 22502638 DOI: 10.1021/la300735u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A series of five near-monodisperse sterically stabilized polystyrene (PS) latexes were synthesized using three well-defined poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) (PGMA) macromonomers with mean degrees of polymerization (DP) of 30, 50, or 70. The surface coverage and grafting density of the PGMA chains on the particle surface were determined using XPS and (1)H NMR spectroscopy, respectively. The wettability of individual latex particles adsorbed at the air-water and n-dodecane-water interfaces was studied using both the gel trapping technique and the film calliper method. The particle equilibrium contact angle at both interfaces is relatively insensitive to the mean DP of the PGMA stabilizer chains. For a fixed stabilizer DP of 30, particle contact angles were only weakly dependent on the particle size. The results are consistent with a model of compact hydrated layers of PGMA stabilizer chains at the particle surface over a wide range of grafting densities. Our approach could be utilized for studying the adsorption behavior of a broader range of sterically stabilized inorganic and polymeric particles of practical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Reed
- Surfactant & Colloid Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, Hull, Humberside HU6 7RX, UK
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31
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Pei J, Hall H, Spencer ND. The role of plasma proteins in cell adhesion to PEG surface-density-gradient-modified titanium oxide. Biomaterials 2011; 32:8968-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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32
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Pop-Georgievski O, Popelka Š, Houska M, Chvostová D, Proks V, Rypáček F. Poly(ethylene oxide) Layers Grafted to Dopamine-melanin Anchoring Layer: Stability and Resistance to Protein Adsorption. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:3232-42. [DOI: 10.1021/bm2007086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ognen Pop-Georgievski
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Štěpán Popelka
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Houska
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Dagmar Chvostová
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Proks
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - František Rypáček
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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33
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Li A, Benetti EM, Tranchida D, Clasohm JN, Schönherr H, Spencer ND. Surface-Grafted, Covalently Cross-Linked Hydrogel Brushes with Tunable Interfacial and Bulk Properties. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma2006443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M. Benetti
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Davide Tranchida
- Department of Physical Chemistry I, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Jarred N. Clasohm
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Holger Schönherr
- Department of Physical Chemistry I, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Nicholas D. Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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34
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Alibeik S, Zhu S, Brash JL. Surface modification with PEG and hirudin for protein resistance and thrombin neutralization in blood contact. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 81:389-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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35
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Adsorption of modified dextrins to a hydrophobic surface: QCM-D studies, AFM imaging, and dynamic contact angle measurements. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 345:417-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Revised: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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36
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Ishikawa T, Kobayashi M, Takahara A. Macroscopic frictional properties of poly(1-(2-methacryloyloxy)ethyl-3-butyl imidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)-imide) brush surfaces in an ionic liquid. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2010; 2:1120-1128. [PMID: 20369830 DOI: 10.1021/am9009082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Poly(1-(2-methacryloyloxy)ethyl-3-butylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide) (PMIS) and poly(n-hexyl methacrylate) (PHMA) brushes were prepared on initiator-immobilized silicon wafers by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. The macroscopic frictional properties of the brushes were determined using a ball-on-flat type tribotester under reciprocating motion in a dry nitrogen atmosphere, water, methanol, and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (EMImTFSI). When the PMIS and PHMA brushes were exposed to EMImTFSI, the friction coefficient of the former was lower than that of the latter. It is thought that the high affinity of the PMIS brush to EMImTFSI led to a reduction in the interaction between the brush and the friction probe, which resulted in a low friction coefficient. The friction force of the PMIS brush in EMImTFSI was proportional to a normal load in the range of 0.2-0.98 N. The friction coefficient gradually decreased to 0.01 with an increase in the sliding velocity from 1 x 10(-4) to 1 x 10(-1) m s(-1). The friction coefficient of the PMIS brush exhibited low magnitude until 800 friction cycles in the dry nitrogen atmosphere, whereas the PHMA brush was abraded away within 150 friction cycles. The XPS spectra of the worn surfaces on the PMIS brush suggested that the brush was gradually abraded by friction.
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37
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Laloyaux X, Mathy B, Nysten B, Jonas AM. Surface and bulk collapse transitions of thermoresponsive polymer brushes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:838-847. [PMID: 19842635 DOI: 10.1021/la902285t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We elucidate the sequence of events occurring during the collapse transition of thermoresponsive copolymer brushes based on poly(di(ethyleneglycol) methyl ether methacrylate) chains (PMEO2MA) grown by atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The collapse of the bulk of the brush is followed by quartz crystal microbalance measurements with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), and the collapse of its outer surface is assessed by measuring equilibrium water contact angles in the captive bubble configuration. The bulk of the brush collapses over a broad temperature interval (approximately 25 degrees C), and the end of this process is signaled by a sharp first-order transition of the surface of the brush. These observations support theoretical predictions regarding the occurrence of a vertical phase separation during collapse, with surface properties of thermoresponsive brushes exhibiting a sharp variation at a temperature of T(br)(surf). In contrast, the bulk properties of the brush vary smoothly, with a bulk transition T(br)(bulk) occurring on average approximately 8 degrees C below T(br)(surf) and approximately 5 degrees C below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of free chains in solution. These observations should also be valid for planar brushes of other neutral, water-soluble thermoresponsive polymers such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). We also propose a way to analyze more quantitatively the temperature dependence of the QCM-D response of thermoresponsive brushes and deliver a simple thermodynamic interpretation of equilibrium contact angles, which can be of use for other complex temperature-responsive solvophilic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Laloyaux
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Croixdu Sud 1, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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Beaussart A, Parkinson L, Mierczynska-Vasilev A, Ralston J, Beattie DA. Effect of adsorbed polymers on bubble--particle attachment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:13290-13294. [PMID: 19860372 DOI: 10.1021/la903145h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The influence of adsorbed dextrin-based polymers on the attachment of a rising air bubble to a talc surface has been investigated. Liquid film rupture and dynamic contact angle studies have highlighted the major role that adsorbed polymers can play in bubble-particle attachment. No direct link was established between the equilibrium contact angle of polymer-treated talc surfaces and talc flotation recovery. However, clear correlations were observed between the flotation recovery of polymer-treated talc and the measured wetting film rupture time and rate of dewetting for a bubble attaching to a talc basal plane surface treated with the polymers. The retardation of the three-phase contact line expansion caused by the adsorbed polymers was found to have the largest influence on the bubble-particle attachment. The effect of the morphology (coverage, distribution, and shape) of the adsorbed layer on the wetting film rupture and the motion of the receding water front is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Beaussart
- Ian Wark Research Institute, ARC Special Research Centre for Particles and Material Interfaces, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
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Holmes PF, Currie EPK, Thies JC, van der Mei HC, Busscher HJ, Norde W. Surface-modified nanoparticles as a new, versatile, and mechanically robust nonadhesive coating: Suppression of protein adsorption and bacterial adhesion. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 91:824-33. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Heeb R, Bielecki RM, Lee S, Spencer ND. Room-Temperature, Aqueous-Phase Fabrication of Poly(methacrylic acid) Brushes by UV-LED-Induced, Controlled Radical Polymerization with High Selectivity for Surface-Bound Species. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma901607w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Heeb
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert M. Bielecki
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Seunghwan Lee
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas D. Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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de Vos WM, de Keizer A, Kleijn JM, Cohen Stuart MA. The production of PEO polymer brushes via Langmuir-Blodgett and Langmuir-Schaeffer methods: incomplete transfer and its consequences. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:4490-4497. [PMID: 19243149 DOI: 10.1021/la803576k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Using fixed-angle ellipsometry, we investigate the degree of mass transfer upon vertically dipping a polystyrene surface through a layer of a polystyrene-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-PEO) block copolymer at the air water interface (Langmuir-Blodgett or LB transfer). The transferred mass is proportional to the PS-PEO grafting density at the air-water interface, but the transferred mass is not equal to the mass at the air-water interface. We find that depending on the chain length of the PEO block only a certain fraction of the polymers at the air-water interface is transferred to the solid surface. For the shortest PEO chain length (PS36-PEO148), the mass transfer amounts to 94%, while for longer chain lengths (PS36-PEO370 and PS38-PEO770), a transfer of, respectively 57% and 19%, is obtained. We attribute this reduced mass transfer to a competition for the PS surface between the PEO block and the PS block. Atomic force microscopy shows that after transfer the material is evenly spread over the surface. However, upon a short heating of these transferred layers (95 degrees C, 5 min) a dewetting of the PS-PEO layer takes place. These results have a significant impact on the interpretation of the results in a number of papers in which the above-described transfer method was used to produce PEO polymer brushes, in a few cases in combination with heating. We briefly review these papers and discuss their main results in light of this new information. Furthermore, we show that, by using Langmuir-Schaeffer (LS, horizontal) dipping, much higher mass transfers can be reached than with the LB method. When the LB or LS methods are carefully applied, it is a very powerful technique to produce PEO brushes, as it gives full control over both the grafting density and the chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebe M de Vos
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Muller P, Sudre G, Théodoly O. Wetting transition on hydrophobic surfaces covered by polyelectrolyte brushes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:9541-9550. [PMID: 18652425 DOI: 10.1021/la801406x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We study the wetting by water of complex "hydrophobic-hydrophilic" surfaces made of a hydrophobic substrate covered by a hydrophilic polymer brush. Polystyrene (PS) substrates covered with polystyrene- block-poly(acrylic acid) PS- b-PAA diblock copolymer layers were fabricated by Langmuir-Schaefer depositions and analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and ellipsometry. On bare PS substrate, we measured advancing angles theta A = 93 +/- 1 degrees and receding angles theta R = 81 +/- 1 degrees . On PS covered with poorly anchored PS- b-PAA layers, we observed large contact angle hysteresis, theta A approximately 90 degrees and theta R approximately 0 degrees , that we attributed to nanometric scale dewetting of the PS- b-PAA layers. On well-anchored PS- b-PAA layers that form homogeneous PAA brushes, a wetting transition from partial to total wetting occurs versus the amount deposited: both theta A and theta R decrease close to zero. A model is proposed, based on the Young-Dupre equation, that takes into account the interfacial pressure of the brush Pi, which was determined experimentally, and the free energy of hydration of the polyelectrolyte monomers Delta G PAA (hyd), which is the only fitting parameter. With Delta G PAA (hyd) approximately -1300 J/mol, the model renders the wetting transition for all samples and explains why the wetting transition depends mainly on the average thickness of the brush and weakly on the length of PAA chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Muller
- Complex Fluids Laboratory, CNRS UMR 166, 350 George Patterson Boulevard, Bristol, Pennsylvania 19007, USA
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Hofs B, Brzozowska A, de Keizer A, Norde W, Cohen Stuart M. Reduction of protein adsorption to a solid surface by a coating composed of polymeric micelles with a glass-like core. J Colloid Interface Sci 2008; 325:309-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2008] [Revised: 06/04/2008] [Accepted: 06/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Jonas AM, Glinel K, Oren R, Nysten B, Huck WTS. Thermo-Responsive Polymer Brushes with Tunable Collapse Temperatures in the Physiological Range. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma070897l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alain M. Jonas
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Karine Glinel
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Ron Oren
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Bernard Nysten
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Wilhelm T. S. Huck
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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Bosker WTE, Patzsch K, Stuart MAC, Norde W. Sweet brushes and dirty proteins. SOFT MATTER 2007; 3:754-762. [PMID: 32900139 DOI: 10.1039/b618259c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We studied the protein repellency of dextran brushes. Dextran was grafted to a polystyrene surface in a broad range of grafting densities using polystyrene-dextran block copolymers and the Langmuir-Blodgett deposition technique. Ellipsometry measurements confirmed a successful transfer of the dextran brush from the air-water interface to the polystyrene surface. Water contact-angle measurements validated the presence of the dextran layer at the surface. At grafting densities <0.20 nm, a heterogeneous dextran coating is detected with tapping mode AFM, consisting of aggregates of polystyrene-dextran and relatively large interstitial areas without dextran chains. This is probably due to surface micellization of the block copolymer in the Langmuir-Blodgett procedure. At grafting densities ≥0.20 nm, a homogeneous dextran brush is observed. Adsorption studies of BSA and trypsin, using optical reflectometry, showed that adsorbed amounts at the heterogeneous coating (<0.20 nm) is only slightly lower, if at all, than at the bare polystyrene surface. Beyond 0.20 nm, a drastic decrease in adsorbed amount was observed, due to excluded volume interactions between the protein and the homogeneous dextran brush. Almost complete protein repellency could be reached at high grafting densities. Comparison with adsorption studies of PEO brushes indicated that dextran brushes do not outperform PEO brushes in suppressing protein adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter T E Bosker
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Patzsch
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands and Downstream Processing, Institute for Bioengineering, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Martien A Cohen Stuart
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Norde
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Mercurieva AA, Iakovlev P, Zhulina EB, Birshtein TM, Leermakers FAM. Wetting phase diagrams of a polyacid brush with a triple point. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2006; 74:031803. [PMID: 17025659 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.74.031803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The (pre)wetting behavior of an annealed polyelectrolyte (PE) brush by an electrolyte solution that is strongly segregated from an apolar phase is analyzed. In this complex interface, there are interactions on various length scales. There are short-range interactions with the (uncharged) surface, and there are interactions on the length scale of the brush height. Using either the ionic strength or the water-surface interaction strength as the control parameters, it is possible to approach and induce a wetting transition in this system. The first-order wetting transition, promoted by favorable short-range substrate interactions with the surface, is in competition with the wetting transition controlled by the detachment of the fluid interface from the periphery of the PE brush. The electric double layer on top of the PE brush contributes with a repulsive forces to the disjoining pressure that tends to thicken the wetting film, and therefore, the transition in all cases is first order. Various phase portraits of the wetting phase diagram are envisioned. One of these features the crossing of two prewetting lines. At the crossing point three surface states coexist. This triple point is analyzed in some detail with the help of a molecular-level self-consistent field model.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Mercurieva
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, St. Petersburg 1990004, Russia
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