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The role of water and acid catalysis in the reaction of acetone with hydrogen peroxide: A DFT study. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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2
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Climent E, Biyikal M, Gröninger D, Weller MG, Martínez‐Máñez R, Rurack K. Multiplexed Detection of Analytes on Single Test Strips with Antibody-Gated Indicator-Releasing Mesoporous Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23862-23869. [PMID: 32894638 PMCID: PMC7756650 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Rapid testing methods for the use directly at a point of need are expected to unfold their true potential especially when offering adequate capabilities for the simultaneous measurement of multiple analytes of interest. Considering the unique modularity, high sensitivity, and selectivity of antibody‐gated indicator delivery (gAID) systems, a multiplexed assay for three small‐molecule explosives (TATP, TNT, PETN) was thus developed, allowing to detect the analytes simultaneously with a single test strip at lower ppb concentrations in the liquid phase in <5 min using a fluorescence reader or a smartphone for readout. While the TNT and PETN systems were newly developed here, all the three systems also tolerated harsher matrices than buffered aqueous model solutions. Besides a single‐track strip, the outstanding modularity of the hybrid biosensor materials in combination with strip‐patterning technologies allowed us to obtain a multichannel strip in a straightforward manner, offering comparable analytical performance while allowing to be tailored even more to the user's need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Climent
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Mustafa Biyikal
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Delia Gröninger
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Michael G. Weller
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Ramón Martínez‐Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM)Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaUniversitat de ValènciaCamino de Vera, s/n46022ValenciaSpain
- Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y NanomedicinaUniversitat Politècnica de ValènciaCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeC/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera 346012ValenciaSpain
- CIBER de BioingenieríaBiomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN)Spain
| | - Knut Rurack
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
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3
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Climent E, Biyikal M, Gröninger D, Weller MG, Martínez‐Máñez R, Rurack K. Multiplex‐Nachweis von Analyten auf einem einzelnen Teststreifen mit Antikörper‐gesteuerten und Indikator freisetzenden mesoporösen Nanopartikeln. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Estela Climent
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Mustafa Biyikal
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Delia Gröninger
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Michael G. Weller
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Ramón Martínez‐Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM) Universitat Politècnica de València Universitat de València Camino de Vera, s/n 46022 Valencia Spanien
- Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina Universitat Politècnica de València Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3 46012 Valencia Spanien
- CIBER de Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) Spanien
| | - Knut Rurack
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
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Fast Detection of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) at ppt Level by a Laser-Induced Immunofluorometric Biosensor. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10080089. [PMID: 32764236 PMCID: PMC7460505 DOI: 10.3390/bios10080089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The illegal use of explosives by terrorists and other criminals is an increasing issue in public spaces, such as airports, railway stations, highways, sports venues, theaters, and other large buildings. Security in these environments can be achieved by different means, including the installation of scanners and other analytical devices to detect ultra-small traces of explosives in a very short time-frame to be able to take action as early as possible to prevent the detonation of such devices. Unfortunately, an ideal explosive detection system still does not exist, which means that a compromise is needed in practice. Most detection devices lack the extreme analytical sensitivity, which is nevertheless necessary due to the low vapor pressure of nearly all explosives. In addition, the rate of false positives needs to be virtually zero, which is also very difficult to achieve. Here we present an immunosensor system based on kinetic competition, which is known to be very fast and may even overcome affinity limitation, which impairs the performance of many traditional competitive assays. This immunosensor consists of a monolithic glass column with a vast excess of immobilized hapten, which traps the fluorescently labeled antibody as long as no explosive is present. In the case of the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), some binding sites of the antibody will be blocked, which leads to an immediate breakthrough of the labeled protein, detectable by highly sensitive laser-induced fluorescence with the help of a Peltier-cooled complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) camera. Liquid handling is performed with high-precision syringe pumps and chip-based mixing-devices and flow-cells. The system achieved limits of detection of 1 pM (1 ppt) of the fluorescent label and around 100 pM (20 ppt) of TNT. The total assay time is less than 8 min. A cross-reactivity test with 5000 pM solutions showed no signal by pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX). This immunosensor belongs to the most sensitive and fastest detectors for TNT with no significant cross-reactivity by non-related compounds. The consumption of the labeled antibody is surprisingly low: 1 mg of the reagent would be sufficient for more than one year of continuous biosensor operation.
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5
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Almeida Assis AC, Caetano J, Florêncio MH, Cordeiro C. Triacetone triperoxide characterization by FT-ICR mass spectrometry: Uncovering multiple forensic evidence. Forensic Sci Int 2019; 301:37-45. [PMID: 31128407 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Triacetone triperoxide is one of the most common used explosives by terrorist and criminal groups, being easily synthesized with over the counter reagents. Moreover, it's difficult to detect since it contains no nitrogen. Extreme resolution mass spectrometry, based on Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry provides a way to established its composition, being able to detect its presence in complex matrixes. In this work, we investigated the detailed chemical composition of triacetone triperoxide and analysed latent fingerprints for evidence of its handling. Our results allowed the characterization of the oligoperoxides formed in the synthesis of triacetone triperoxide: oligomers dihydroperoxy terminated [H(OOC(CH3)2)nOOH] and the oligomeric acetone carbonyl oxides terminated as hydroperoxides [H(O2C(CH3)2)nOOC(O)CH3]. The discrimination between the different synthetic routes using different acid catalysts is possible given the clear differences between the mass spectrum corresponding to each case. Moreover, we identified triacetone triperoxide in latent fingerprints following its manipulation. For criminal investigation, in addition to the unambiguous detection and identification of the explosive, it is of the highest interest to identify the reagents used, who produced it and who used it for criminal purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Almeida Assis
- Laboratório de FT-ICR e Espectrometria de Massa Estrutural, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Laboratório de Polícia Científica da Polícia Judiciária, Portugal.
| | - José Caetano
- EOD
- CBRN Unit/Police Special Unit - Polícia de Segurança Pública, Portugal.
| | - Maria Helena Florêncio
- Laboratório de FT-ICR e Espectrometria de Massa Estrutural, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Cordeiro
- Laboratório de FT-ICR e Espectrometria de Massa Estrutural, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
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6
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Zhang X, Kang X, Cui W, Zhang Q, Zheng Z, Cui X. Floral and lamellar europium( iii)-based metal–organic frameworks as high sensitivity luminescence sensors for acetone. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00889f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Floral Eu-BDC and lamellar Eu-BTC as high sensitivity luminescence sensor for acetone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- Sichuan Research Center of New Materials of Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Chengdu 610200
- China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Xiaoli Kang
- Sichuan Research Center of New Materials of Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Chengdu 610200
- China
| | - Wen Cui
- Sichuan Research Center of New Materials of Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Chengdu 610200
- China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Sichuan Research Center of New Materials of Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Chengdu 610200
- China
| | - Zhou Zheng
- Sichuan Research Center of New Materials of Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Chengdu 610200
- China
| | - Xudong Cui
- Sichuan Research Center of New Materials of Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Chengdu 610200
- China
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Hesse A, Biyikal M, Rurack K, Weller MG. Development of highly sensitive and selective antibodies for the detection of the explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) by bioisosteric replacement. J Mol Recognit 2015; 29:88-94. [PMID: 26463875 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An improved antibody against the explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) was developed. The immunogen was designed by the concept of bioisosteric replacement, which led to an excellent polyclonal antibody with extreme selectivity and immunoassays of very good sensitivity. Compounds such as nitroglycerine, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, hexogen (RDX), 2,4,6-trinitroaniline, 1,3-dinitrobenzene, octogen (HMX), triacetone triperoxide, ammonium nitrate, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol and nitrobenzene were tested for potential cross-reactivity. The detection limit of a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was determined to be around 0.5 µg/l. The dynamic range of the assay was found to be between 1 and 1000 µg/l, covering a concentration range of three decades. This work shows the successful application of the bioisosteric concept in immunochemistry by exchange of a nitroester to a carbonate diester. The antiserum might be used for the development of quick tests, biosensors, microtitration plate immunoassays, microarrays and other analytical methods for the highly sensitive detection of PETN, an explosive frequently used by terrorists, exploiting the extreme difficulty of its detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almut Hesse
- Division 1.5, Protein Analysis, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mustafa Biyikal
- Division 1.9, Chemical and Optical Sensing, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Rurack
- Division 1.9, Chemical and Optical Sensing, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael G Weller
- Division 1.5, Protein Analysis, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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8
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Mamo SK, Gonzalez-Rodriguez J. Development of a molecularly imprinted polymer-based sensor for the electrochemical determination of triacetone triperoxide (TATP). SENSORS 2014; 14:23269-82. [PMID: 25490589 PMCID: PMC4299062 DOI: 10.3390/s141223269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The explosive triacetone triperoxide (TATP), which can be prepared from commercially readily available reagents following an easy synthetic procedure, is one of the most common components of improvised explosive devices (IEDs). Molecularly-imprinted polymer (MIP) electrochemical sensors have proved useful for the determination of different compounds in different matrices with the required sensitivity and selectivity. In this work, a highly sensitive and selective molecularly imprinted polymer with electrochemical capabilities for the determination of TATP has been developed. The molecular imprinting has been performed via electropolymerisation onto a glassy carbon electrode surface by cyclic voltammetry from a solution of pyrrole functional monomer, TATP template and LiClO4. Differential Pulse Voltammetry of TATP, with LiClO4 as supporting electrolyte, was performed in a potential range of -2.0 V to +1.0 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). Three-factor two-level factorial design was used to optimise the monomer concentration at 0.1 mol∙L(-1), template concentration at 100 mmol∙L(-1) and the number of cyclic voltammetry scan cycles to 10. The molecularly imprinted polymer-modified glassy carbon electrode demonstrated good performance at low concentrations for a linear range of 82-44,300 µg∙L(-1) and a correlation coefficient of r(2) = 0.996. The limits of detection (LoD) and quantification (LoQ) achieved were 26.9 μg∙L(-1) and 81.6 μg∙L(-1), respectively. The sensor demonstrated very good repeatability with precision values (n = 6, expressed as %RSD) of 1.098% and 0.55% for 1108 and 2216 µg∙L(-1), respectively. It also proved selective for TATP in the presence of other explosive substances such as PETN, RDX, HMX, and TNT.
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9
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Onodera T, Toko K. Towards an electronic dog nose: surface plasmon resonance immunosensor for security and safety. SENSORS 2014; 14:16586-616. [PMID: 25198004 PMCID: PMC4208188 DOI: 10.3390/s140916586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This review describes an “electronic dog nose” based on a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor and an antigen–antibody interaction for security and safety. We have concentrated on developing appropriate sensor surfaces for the SPR sensor for practical use. The review covers different surface fabrications, which all include variations of a self-assembled monolayer containing oligo(ethylene glycol), dendrimer, and hydrophilic polymer. We have carried out detection of explosives using the sensor surfaces. For the SPR sensor to detect explosives, the vapor or particles of the target substances have to be dissolved in a liquid. Therefore, we also review the development of sampling processes for explosives, and a protocol for the measurement of explosives on the SPR sensor in the field. Additionally, sensing elements, which have the potential to be applied for the electronic dog nose, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Onodera
- Research and Development Center for Taste and Odor Sensing, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Kiyoshi Toko
- Research and Development Center for Taste and Odor Sensing, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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10
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Characterization of TATP gas phase product ion chemistry via isotope labeling experiments using ion mobility spectrometry interfaced with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Talanta 2014; 127:152-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Liu Y, Guo Y, Zhu G, Tang F. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of five organophosphorus pesticides in camellia oil. J Food Prot 2014; 77:1178-83. [PMID: 24988025 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A matrix solid-phase dispersion and direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MSPD-ELISA) was developed for five organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) in camellia oil. Seven haptens with different substituents in the aromatic ring were used to prepare different competitors; the ELISA showed highest sensitivity and specificity to OPs when the competitor had moderate heterology to the immunizing hapten. Several assay conditions were optimized to increase the ELISA sensitivity. The optimized ELISA for five OPs had 50% inhibitory concentrations of 6.3 ng/ml (parathion), 18.9 ng/ml (methyl parathion), 120.7 ng/ml (fenitrothion), 110.4 ng/ml (fenthion), and 20.7 ng/ml (phoxim). The average recoveries of five OPs in camellia oil ranged from 75.7 to 105.3%, with the interassay coefficient of variations ranging from 6.0 to 13.4%. Compared with the results previously reported, the ELISA that was developed in the present study showed a much higher sensitivity. Additionally, MSPD was used in the sample preparation to minimize the matrix effect. Recoveries from the method developed here were in agreement with those obtained by gas chromatography, which indicated that the detection performance of the MSPD-ELISA could meet the regulatory requirements of different governments and international organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Liu
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, People's Republic of China; Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yirong Guo
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Fubin Tang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Bali MS, Armitt D, Wallace L, Day AI. Cyclic Pentanone Peroxide: Sensitiveness and Suitability as a Model for Triacetone Triperoxide. J Forensic Sci 2014; 59:936-42. [DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark S. Bali
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences; UNSW Canberra at the Australian Defence Force Academy; PO Box 7916 Canberra BC ACT 2610 Australia
| | - David Armitt
- Weapons Systems Division; Defence Science and Technology Organisation; Edinburgh Adelaide SA 5111 Australia
| | - Lynne Wallace
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences; UNSW Canberra at the Australian Defence Force Academy; PO Box 7916 Canberra BC ACT 2610 Australia
| | - Anthony I. Day
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences; UNSW Canberra at the Australian Defence Force Academy; PO Box 7916 Canberra BC ACT 2610 Australia
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13
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Climent E, Gröninger D, Hecht M, Walter MA, Martínez-Máñez R, Weller MG, Sancenón F, Amorós P, Rurack K. Selective, Sensitive, and Rapid Analysis with Lateral-Flow Assays Based on Antibody-Gated Dye-Delivery Systems: The Example of Triacetone Triperoxide. Chemistry 2013; 19:4117-22. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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14
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Matsumoto T, Yamaguchi H, Kamijo K, Akiyoshi M, Matsunaga T, Harada A. Development and Characterization of a Monoclonal Antibody against Triacetone Triperoxide. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20120253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroyasu Yamaguchi
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University
| | | | - Miyako Akiyoshi
- Energetic Materials Group, Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
| | - Takehiro Matsunaga
- Energetic Materials Group, Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
| | - Akira Harada
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
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15
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Fan W, Young M, Canino J, Smith J, Oxley J, Almirall JR. Fast detection of triacetone triperoxide (TATP) from headspace using planar solid-phase microextraction (PSPME) coupled to an IMS detector. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:401-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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A Novel Immunoreagent for the Specific and Sensitive Detection of the Explosive Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP). BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2011; 1:93-106. [PMID: 25586922 PMCID: PMC4264363 DOI: 10.3390/bios1030093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2011] [Revised: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Triacetone triperoxide (TATP) is a primary explosive, which was used in various terrorist attacks in the past. For the development of biosensors, immunochemical µ-TAS, electronic noses, immunological test kits, or test strips, the availability of antibodies of high quality is crucial. Recently, we presented the successful immunization of mice, based on the design, synthesis, and conjugation of a novel TATP derivative. Here, the long-term immunization of rabbits is shown, which resulted in antibodies of extreme selectivity and more than 1,000 times better affinity in relation to the antibodies from mice. Detection limits below 10 ng L−1 (water) were achieved. The working range covers more than four decades, calculated from a precision profile. The cross-reactivity tests revealed an extraordinary selectivity of the antibodies—not a single compound could be identified as a relevant cross-reactant. The presented immunoreagent might be a major step for the development of highly sensitive and selective TATP detectors particularly for security applications.
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