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Aspergillus Hydrophobins: Physicochemical Properties, Biochemical Properties, and Functions in Solid Polymer Degradation. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081498. [PMID: 35893556 PMCID: PMC9394342 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrophobins are small amphipathic proteins conserved in filamentous fungi. In this review, the properties and functions of Aspergillus hydrophobins are comprehensively discussed on the basis of recent findings. Multiple Aspergillus hydrophobins have been identified and categorized in conventional class I and two non-conventional classes. Some Aspergillus hydrophobins can be purified in a water phase without organic solvents. Class I hydrophobins of Aspergilli self-assemble to form amphipathic membranes. At the air–liquid interface, RolA of Aspergillus oryzae self-assembles via four stages, and its self-assembled films consist of two layers, a rodlet membrane facing air and rod-like structures facing liquid. The self-assembly depends mainly on hydrophobin conformation and solution pH. Cys4–Cys5 and Cys7–Cys8 loops, disulfide bonds, and conserved Cys residues of RodA-like hydrophobins are necessary for self-assembly at the interface and for adsorption to solid surfaces. AfRodA helps Aspergillus fumigatus to evade recognition by the host immune system. RodA-like hydrophobins recruit cutinases to promote the hydrolysis of aliphatic polyesters. This mechanism appears to be conserved in Aspergillus and other filamentous fungi, and may be beneficial for their growth. Aspergilli produce various small secreted proteins (SSPs) including hydrophobins, hydrophobic surface–binding proteins, and effector proteins. Aspergilli may use a wide variety of SSPs to decompose solid polymers.
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Cheng Y, Wang B, Wang Y, Zhang H, Liu C, Yang L, Chen Z, Wang Y, Yang H, Wang Z. Soluble hydrophobin mutants produced in Escherichia coli can self-assemble at various interfaces. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 573:384-395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Terauchi Y, Tanaka T, Mitsuishi M, Yabu H, Yoshimi A, Nantani K, Abe K. Analysis of the self-assembly process of Aspergillus oryzae hydrophobin RolA by Langmuir-Blodgett method. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 84:678-685. [PMID: 31876261 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1706443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobins are small, amphipathic proteins secreted by filamentous fungi. Hydrophobin RolA, which is produced by Aspergillus oryzae, attaches to solid surfaces, recruits the polyesterase CutL1, and consequently promotes hydrolysis of polyesters. Because this interaction requires the N-terminal, positively charged residue of RolA to be exposed on the solid surface, the orientation of RolA on the solid surface is important for recruitment. However, the process by which RolA forms the self-assembled structure at the interface remains unclear. Using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, we analyzed the process by which RolA forms a self-assembled structure at the air-water interface and observed the structures on the hydrophobic or hydrophilic SiO2 substrates via atomic force microscopy. We found that RolA formed self-assembled films in two steps during phase transitions. We observed different assembled structures of RolA on hydrophilic and hydrophobic SiO2 substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Terauchi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takumi Tanaka
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaya Mitsuishi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yabu
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akira Yoshimi
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kei Nantani
- Department of Microbial Resources, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keietsu Abe
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Microbial Resources, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Artini M, Cicatiello P, Ricciardelli A, Papa R, Selan L, Dardano P, Tilotta M, Vrenna G, Tutino ML, Giardina P, Parrilli E. Hydrophobin coating prevents Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation on different surfaces. BIOFOULING 2017; 33:601-611. [PMID: 28686037 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2017.1338690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis is a significant nosocomial pathogen in predisposed hosts because of its capability of forming a biofilm on indwelling medical devices. The initial stage of biofilm formation has a key role in S. epidermidis abiotic surface colonization. Recently, many strategies have been developed to create new anti-biofilm surfaces able to control bacterial adhesion mechanisms. In this work, the self-assembled amphiphilic layers formed by two fungal hydrophobins (Vmh2 and Pac3) have proven to be able to reduce the biofilm formed by different strains of S. epidermidis on polystyrene surfaces. The reduction in the biofilm thickness on the coated surfaces and the preservation of cell vitality have been demonstrated through confocal laser scanning microscope analysis. Moreover, the anti-biofilm efficiency of the self-assembled layers on different medically relevant materials has also been demonstrated using a CDC biofilm reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Artini
- a Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy
| | - Paola Cicatiello
- b Department of Chemical Sciences , Federico II University, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo , Naples , Italy
| | - Annarita Ricciardelli
- b Department of Chemical Sciences , Federico II University, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo , Naples , Italy
| | - Rosanna Papa
- a Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy
| | - Laura Selan
- a Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy
| | - Principia Dardano
- c Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Unit of Naples , National Research Council , Naples , Italy
| | - Marco Tilotta
- a Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy
| | - Gianluca Vrenna
- a Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Tutino
- b Department of Chemical Sciences , Federico II University, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo , Naples , Italy
| | - Paola Giardina
- b Department of Chemical Sciences , Federico II University, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo , Naples , Italy
| | - Ermenegilda Parrilli
- b Department of Chemical Sciences , Federico II University, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo , Naples , Italy
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Applications of Functional Amyloids from Fungi: Surface Modification by Class I Hydrophobins. Biomolecules 2017; 7:biom7030045. [PMID: 28672843 PMCID: PMC5618226 DOI: 10.3390/biom7030045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Class I hydrophobins produced from fungi are amongst the first proteins recognized as functional amyloids. They are amphiphilic proteins involved in the formation of aerial structures such as spores or fruiting bodies. They form chemically robust layers which can only be dissolved in strong acids. These layers adhere to different surfaces, changing their wettability, and allow the binding of other proteins. Herein, the modification of diverse types of surfaces with Class I hydrophobins is reported, highlighting the applications of the coated surfaces. Indeed, these coatings can be exploited in several fields, spanning from biomedical to industrial applications, which include biosensing and textile manufacturing.
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Gravagnuolo AM, Longobardi S, Luchini A, Appavou MS, De Stefano L, Notomista E, Paduano L, Giardina P. Class I Hydrophobin Vmh2 Adopts Atypical Mechanisms to Self-Assemble into Functional Amyloid Fibrils. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:954-64. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Maria Gravagnuolo
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Longobardi
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Luchini
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marie-Sousai Appavou
- Jülich
Centre for Neutron Science JCNS, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH,
Outstation at MLZ, Lichtenbergstraße
1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Luca De Stefano
- Unit of Naples,
Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, National Council
of Research, Via Pietro Castellino
111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Eugenio Notomista
- Department
of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia
4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Paduano
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Giardina
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
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Sankaranarayanan K, Kalaiyarasi M, Sreedhar B, Nair BU, Dhathathreyan A. Ionic Liquid Doped β Lactoglobulin as Template for Nanoclusters of Nickel Oxide. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219581x14500069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, Langmuir films of organized assemblies of β-lactoglobulin (βLG) with 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium ethyl sulfate (IL-emes) have been characterized at air/water interface using surface pressure-specific area isotherms and dilational rheology. The protein in the IL-mediated assembly shows excellent packing at the interface and is stable as seen in circular dichroic spectroscopy. These spread films on nickel chloride were transferred as Langmuir–Schaffer films of βLG and βLG+IL-emes and used as template for designing nanoclusters of nickel oxide. The nanoclusters have been characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and powder XRD. While pure protein template gives needle-shaped structures, the IL-mediated template gives spherical shapes of hexagonal nickel oxide in the range 30 nm to 40 nm. Presence of ionic liquid seems to slow down the growth of the cluster and also prevents aggregation of the clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - B. Sreedhar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-IICT, Hyderabad 500607, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - B. U. Nair
- Chemical Lab., CSIR-CLRI, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
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Zykwinska A, Pihet M, Radji S, Bouchara JP, Cuenot S. Self-assembly of proteins into a three-dimensional multilayer system: investigation of the surface of the human fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2014; 1844:1137-44. [PMID: 24631542 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobins are small surface active proteins that fulfil a wide spectrum of functions in fungal growth and development. The human fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus expresses RodA hydrophobins that self-assemble on the outer conidial surface into tightly organized nanorods known as rodlets. AFM investigation of the conidial surface allows us to evidence that RodA hydrophobins self-assemble into rodlets through bilayers. Within bilayers, hydrophilic domains of hydrophobins point inward, thus making a hydrophilic core, while hydrophobic domains point outward. AFM measurements reveal that several rodlet bilayers are present on the conidial surface thus showing that proteins self-assemble into a complex three-dimensional multilayer system. The self-assembly of RodA hydrophobins into rodlets results from attractive interactions between stacked β-sheets, which conduct to a final linear cross-β spine structure. A Monte Carlo simulation shows that anisotropic interactions are the main driving forces leading the hydrophobins to self-assemble into parallel rodlets, which are further structured in nanodomains. Taken together, these findings allow us to propose a mechanism, which conducts RodA hydrophobins to a highly ordered rodlet structure. The mechanism of hydrophobin assembly into rodlets offers new prospects for the development of more efficient strategies leading to disruption of rodlet formation allowing a rapid detection of the fungus by the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zykwinska
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Marc Pihet
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, France; UNAM Université, Université d'Angers, Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, UPRES-EA 3142 Angers, France
| | - Sadia Radji
- IPREM Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères, UMR 5254 CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Bouchara
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, France; UNAM Université, Université d'Angers, Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, UPRES-EA 3142 Angers, France
| | - Stéphane Cuenot
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France.
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Green AJ, Littlejohn KA, Hooley P, Cox PW. Formation and stability of food foams and aerated emulsions: Hydrophobins as novel functional ingredients. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2013.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Stanimirova RD, Gurkov TD, Kralchevsky PA, Balashev KT, Stoyanov SD, Pelan EG. Surface pressure and elasticity of hydrophobin HFBII layers on the air-water interface: rheology versus structure detected by AFM imaging. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:6053-6067. [PMID: 23611592 DOI: 10.1021/la4005104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Here, we combine experiments with Langmuir trough and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the reasons for the special properties of layers from the protein HFBII hydrophobin spread on the air-water interface. The hydrophobin interfacial layers possess the highest surface dilatational and shear elastic moduli among all investigated proteins. The AFM images show that the spread HFBII layers are rather inhomogeneous, (i.e., they contain voids, monolayer and multilayer domains). A continuous compression of the layer leads to filling the voids and transformation of a part of the monolayer into a trilayer. The trilayer appears in the form of large surface domains, which can be formed by folding and subduction of parts from the initial monolayer. The trilayer appears also in the form of numerous submicrometer spots, which can be obtained by forcing protein molecules out of the monolayer and their self-assembly into adjacent pimples. Such structures are formed because not only the hydrophobic parts, but also the hydrophilic parts of the HFBII molecules can adhere to each other in the water medium. If a hydrophobin layer is subjected to oscillations, its elasticity considerably increases, up to 500 mN/m, which can be explained with compaction. The relaxation of the layer's tension after expansion or compression follows the same relatively simple law, which refers to two-dimensional diffusion of protein aggregates within the layer. The characteristic diffusion time after compression is longer than after expansion, which can be explained with the impedence of diffusion in the more compact interfacial layer. The results shed light on the relation between the mesoscopic structure of hydrophobin interfacial layers and their unique mechanical properties that find applications for the production of foams and emulsions of extraordinary stability; for the immobilization of functional molecules at surfaces, and as coating agents for surface modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumyana D Stanimirova
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Sofia University, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
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Rodriguez RD, Sheremet E, Müller S, Gordan OD, Villabona A, Schulze S, Hietschold M, Zahn DRT. Compact metal probes: a solution for atomic force microscopy based tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:123708. [PMID: 23277997 DOI: 10.1063/1.4770140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
There are many challenges in accomplishing tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) and obtaining a proper tip is probably the greatest one. Since tip size, composition, and geometry are the ultimate parameters that determine enhancement of intensity and lateral resolution, the tip becomes the most critical component in a TERS experiment. However, since the discovery of TERS the cantilevers used in atomic force microscopy (AFM) have remained basically the same: commercial silicon (or silicon nitride) tips covered by a metallic coating. The main issues of using metal-coated silicon cantilevers, such as wearing off of the metal layer or increased tip radius, can be completely overcome by using all-metal cantilevers. Until now in TERS experiments such probes have only been used in a scanning tunneling microscope or in a tuning fork-based shear force microscope but not in AFM. In this work for the first time, we show the use of compact silver cantilevers that are fully compatible with contact and tapping modes in AFM demonstrating their superb performance in TERS experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Rodriguez
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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Sankaranarayanan K, Sathyaraj G, Nair B, Dhathathreyan A. Reversible and Irreversible Conformational Transitions in Myoglobin: Role of Hydrated Amino Acid Ionic Liquid. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:4175-80. [DOI: 10.1021/jp300596z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - B.U. Nair
- Chemical Lab, CSIR-CLRI,
Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
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