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Eichhorn J, Klein M, Romanenko I, Schacher FH. Synthesis of block copolymers containing 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate by NMP – a versatile platform for functionalization. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00611a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study highlights the potential of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (ClHPMA) as a functional building block in nanostructured block copolymer architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Eichhorn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Klein
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Iuliia Romanenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Felix H. Schacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany
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2
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Synthesis of ferrocene boronic acid-based block copolymers via RAFT polymerization and their micellization, redox responsive and glucose sensing properties. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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3
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SHIRAISHI K, ISHIHARA K, YUSA SI. Exothermic Behavior of Cyanine Dye-Containing Polymer Micelle Irradiated by Near Infrared (NIR) in Water. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2019. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.2018-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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4
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Atanase LI, Riess G. Self-Assembly of Block and Graft Copolymers in Organic Solvents: An Overview of Recent Advances. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E62. [PMID: 30966101 PMCID: PMC6414829 DOI: 10.3390/polym10010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This review is an attempt to update the recent advances in the self-assembly of amphiphilic block and graft copolymers. Their micellization behavior is highlighted for linear AB, ABC triblock terpolymers, and graft structures in non-aqueous selective polar and non-polar solvents, including solvent mixtures and ionic liquids. The micellar characteristics, such as particle size, aggregation number, and morphology, are examined as a function of the copolymers' architecture and molecular characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Ionut Atanase
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Apollonia" University, 700399 Iasi, Romania.
- Research Institute "Academician Ioan Haulica", 700399 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Gerard Riess
- University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires, 68093 Mulhouse CEDEX, France.
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5
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Rational design of tetrahydrogeraniol-based hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid) as emulsifier of terpene-in-water transparent nanoemulsions. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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Zhang PY, Xu ZL, Ma XH, Yang H, Wu WZ, Wei YM, Liu YD. Fabrication and characterization of PVDF hollow fiber membranes employing in-situ self-assembly modulation concept. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Cheng W, Kumar JN, Zhang Y, Liu Y. pH- and redox-responsive self-assembly of amphiphilic hyperbranched poly(amido amine)s for controlled doxorubicin delivery. Biomater Sci 2015. [PMID: 26222420 DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00410h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Vinyl-terminated hyperbranched poly(amido amine)s is obtained by Michael addition polymerization of 4-(aminomethyl)piperidine (AMPD) with a double molar N,N-cystaminebis(acrylamide) (BAC). Then an amphiphilic hyperbranched poly(BAC2-AMPD1)-PEG is produced via converting the vinyl groups to amines followed by PEGylation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) results indicate that the micelles can be obtained via self-assembly of hyperbranched poly(BAC2-AMPD1)-PEG. Further an anti-cancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX), can be loaded into the micelles. pH- and redox-response of the micelles of hyperbranched poly(BAC2-AMPD1)-PEG without and with DOX are investigated. The results of confocal microscopy and flow cytometry reflect that FITC tagged or DOX loaded micelles of hyperbranched poly(BAC2-AMPD1)-PEG can enter HepG2 and MCF-7 cells, and DOX can be observed in the nucleus of the cells. The cytotoxicity of the micelles without and with DOX is evaluated in HepG2 and MCF-7 cells, and the efficacy to kill the cancer cells is discussed in comparison with free DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiren Cheng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, 117602, Singapore.
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8
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Cheng W, Rajendran R, Ren W, Gu L, Zhang Y, Chuang KH, Liu Y. A facile synthetic approach to a biodegradable polydisulfide MRI contrast agent. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:5295-5301. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00413b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A biodegradable novel polydisulfide MRI contrast agent forming self-assembly in aqueous solution with a low cytotoxicity and a higherr1is promising for producing better MRI imaging with fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiren Cheng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- , Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
| | - Reshmi Rajendran
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- , Singapore
| | - Wei Ren
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- , Singapore
| | - Liuqun Gu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- , Singapore
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- , Singapore
| | - Kai-Hsiang Chuang
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- , Singapore
| | - Ye Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- , Singapore
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9
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Cheng W, Kumar JN, Zhang Y, Liu Y. pH- and redox-responsive poly(ethylene glycol) and cholesterol-conjugated poly(amido amine)s based micelles for controlled drug delivery. Macromol Biosci 2013; 14:347-58. [PMID: 24106152 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An optimized condition is identified to prepare linear poly(amido amine)s via Michael Addition polymerization of trifunctional amine, 4-(aminomethyl)piperidine (AMPD), with an equimolar diacrylamide, N,N-cystaminebis(acrylamide) (BAC). Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and cholesterol (CE) are conjugated to linear poly(BAC-AMPD) through the reactions with the secondary amino groups in the backbone, respectively, to form poly(BAC-AMPD)-g-PEG-g-CE. The chemical structures of poly(BAC-AMPD) and poly(BAC-AMPD)-g-PEG-g-CE are characterized using NMR and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and (1)H NMR results show that micelles with PEG shells and hydrophobic cores composed of poly(BAC-AMPD) and CE are formed via self-assembly of poly(BAC-AMPD)-g-PEG-g-CE in aqueous solution, and the micelles of poly(BAC-AMPD)-g-PEG-g-CE can be degraded by the presence of L-dithiothreitol and show a limited cytotoxicity in vitro. The anti-cancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX), can be loaded into the micelles. The DOX loaded micelles of poly(BAC-AMPD)-g-PEG-g-CE show pH- and redox-responsive drug release and redox-induced formation of aggregates, and it is shown that the DOX loaded micelles can deliver DOX into cells and show a higher efficacy in killing cancer cells than free drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiren Cheng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, 117602, Singapore; Department of Bioengineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA #03-12, 117576, Singapore
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10
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Zhang J, Zou M, Dong J, Li X. Synthesis and self-assembly behaviors of well-defined poly(lauryl methacrylate)-block-poly[N-(2-methacryloylxyethyl)pyrrolidone] copolymers. Colloid Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-013-3020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Zhang PY, Xu ZL, Yang H, Wei YM, Wu WZ. Fabrication and characterization of PVDF membranes via an in situ free radical polymerization method. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Patel VK, Vishwakarma NK, Mishra AK, Biswas CS, Maiti P, Ray B. Synthesis of alkyne-terminated xanthate RAFT agents and their uses for the controlled radical polymerization ofN-vinylpyrrolidone and the synthesis of its block copolymer using click chemistry. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Yao B, Zhu Q, Liu H, Qiao L, Hao J, Qi F. Conformation and aggregation behavior of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactic acid) amphiphilic copolymer chains in dilute/semidilute THF solutions. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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14
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Nakabayashi K, Oya H, Mori H. Cross-Linked Core–Shell Nanoparticles Based on Amphiphilic Block Copolymers by RAFT Polymerization and Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki Coupling Reaction. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma300239u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Nakabayashi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Oya
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hideharu Mori
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
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15
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Ge L, Vernon M, Simon S, Maham Y, Sjöblom J, Xu Z. Interactions of divalent cations with tetrameric acid aggregates in aqueous solutions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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16
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Bailly N, Pound-Lana G, Klumperman B. Synthesis, Characterization, and Self-Assembly of Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)-block-poly(vinyl acetate). Aust J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1071/ch12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)-block-poly(vinyl acetate) (PVP-b-PVAc) block copolymers of varying molar mass and hydrophobic block lengths were synthesized by xanthate-mediated radical polymerization. In order to control the molar mass of the hydrophilic PVP block, a xanthate chain transfer agent, S-(2-cyano-2-propyl) O-ethyl xanthate, was used. The PVP-b-PVAc block copolymer is composed of a hydrophilic and hydrophobic segment, and has the ability to self-assemble in aqueous solution. The PVP-b-PVAc block copolymers were characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy to confirm their self-assembly in water. The critical micelle concentration was determined by fluorescence spectroscopy. A combination of dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and static light scattering was used to further characterize the self-assembly of the block copolymers in water.
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17
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Top A, Zhong S, Yan C, Roberts CJ, Pochan DJ, Kiick KL. Controlling assembly of helical polypeptides via PEGylation strategies. SOFT MATTER 2011; 20:9758-9766. [PMID: 24039625 PMCID: PMC3769986 DOI: 10.1039/c1sm05686g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies in our laboratories have demonstrated that a helical polypeptide (17H6), equipped with a histidine tag and a helical alanine-rich, glutamic-acid-containing domain, exhibits pH-responsive assembly behavior useful in the production of polymorphological nanostructures. In this study, the histidine tag in these polypeptides was replaced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) with different molecular masses (5 kDa, or 10 kDa), and the self-association behavior of 17H6 and the PEGylated conjugates was characterized via dynamic light scattering (DLS), small angle neutron scattering (SANS), and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). DLS experiments illustrated that the polypeptide and its PEG-conjugates undergo reversible assembly under acidic conditions, suggesting that the aggregation state of the polypeptide and the conjugates is controlled by the charged state of the glutamic acid residues. Nanoscale aggregates were detected at polypeptide/conjugate concentrations as low as 20 μM (∼0.3-0.5 mg ml-1) at physiological and ambient temperatures. Scattering and microscopy results showed that the size, the aggregation number, and the morphology of the aggregates can be tuned by the size and the nature of the hydrophilic tag. This tunable nature of the morphology of the aggregates, along with their low critical aggregation concentration, suggests that PEG-alanine-rich polypeptide conjugates may be useful as drug delivery vehicles in which the alanine-rich block serves as a drug attachment domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayben Top
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
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Ran F, Nie S, Zhao W, Li J, Su B, Sun S, Zhao C. Biocompatibility of modified polyethersulfone membranes by blending an amphiphilic triblock co-polymer of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-poly(vinyl pyrrolidone). Acta Biomater 2011; 7:3370-81. [PMID: 21658478 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 05/07/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An amphiphilic triblock co-polymer of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP-b-PMMA-b-PVP) was synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The block co-polymer can be directly blended with polyethersulfone (PES) using dimethylacetamide (DMAC) as the solvent to prepare flat sheet and hollow fiber membranes using a liquid-liquid phase separation technique. The PVP block formed a brush on the surface of the blended membrane, while the PMMA block mingled with the PES macromolecules, which endowed the membrane with permanent hydrophilicity. After adding the as-prepared block co-polymer the modified membranes showed lower protein (bovine serum albumin) adsorption, suppressed platelet adhesion, and a prolonged blood coagulation time, and thereby the blood compatibility was improved. Furthermore, the modified PES membranes showed good cytocompatibility, ultrafiltration and protein anti-fouling properties. These results suggest that surface modification of PES membranes by blending with the amphiphilic triblock co-polymer PVP-b-PMMA-b-PVP allows practical application of these membranes with good biocompatibility in the field of blood purification, such as hemodialysis and bioartificial liver support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Ran
- Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
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19
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Self-assembly of thermo-responsive poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate)-C60 in water-methanol mixtures. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Tan BH, Hussain H, He CB. Tailoring Micelle Formation and Gelation in (PEG−P(MA-POSS)) Amphiphilic Hybrid Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma102510u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. H. Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602
| | - H. Hussain
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602
| | - C. B. He
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
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Hussain H, Tan BH, Seah GL, Liu Y, He CB, Davis TP. Micelle formation and gelation of (PEG-P(MA-POSS)) amphiphilic block copolymers via associative hydrophobic effects. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:11763-11773. [PMID: 20536258 DOI: 10.1021/la101686q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A series of well-defined amphiphilic di- and triblock copolymers have been synthesized, using atom transfer radical polymerization, with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(methacrylisobutyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) P(MA-POSS) as the hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks, respectively. The detailed self-assembly behavior of the amphiphilic macromolecules in aqueous media was studied using both static and dynamic light scattering (SLS and DLS) techniques. The evolution of block copolymer micelle formation in THF/water mixture (20/80 v/v) was monitored as the THF evaporated from the solvent mixture. Initially the block copolymer chains existed as unimers in solution, followed by the formation of smaller aggregates (R(h) < 2 nm) after 30 min, eventually growing in size to reach an equilibrium size when all the THF evaporated within 24 h. The micelles formed by the block copolymers were found to be kinetically unstable (not frozen); i.e., they tended to revert to individual copolymer chains on dilution. The hydrodynamic radii, R(h), of the micelles varied with the degree of polymerization (DP) of the hydrophobic P(MA-POSS); for example, for PEG(5K)-b-P(MA-POSS), an increase from R(h) approximately 13.3 +/- 1.1 nm to R(h) approximately 17.5 +/- 1.4 nm was observed with a nominal change in the DP of P(MA-POSS) from 4 to 6. The micelles formed by the triblock copolymers (P(MA-POSS)-b-PEG(10K)-b-P(MA-POSS)) were comparable in size to the diblock copolymer micelles; e.g., R(h) approximately 14.0 +/- 1.3 nm was found for P(MA-POSS)(4)-b-PEG(10K)-b-P(MA-POSS)(4). The micellar structures created by the triblocks in aqueous media were "flowerlike", where the PEG middle block adopted a loop conformation in the micelle corona. In addition to micelles, larger aggregates formed by P(MA-POSS)-b-PEG(10K)-b-P(MA-POSS) were also detected in solution. The larger aggregates may suggest a contribution from some PEG blocks adopting an extended conformation with one end dangling in solution, causing gelation at higher copolymer concentrations via intermicellar interactions. The P(MA-POSS)(4)-b-PEG(10K)-b- P(MA-POSS)(4) formed a gel in water at approximately 8.8 wt % copolymer concentration. No gel formation by diblock copolymers was observed; however, the addition of a small amount of triblock copolymer to an aqueous solution of diblock copolymer results in gel formation. Finally, rheological behavior of the obtained gels was also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hussain
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602.
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22
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Hussain H, Tan B, Mya KY, Liu Y, He CB, Davis TP. Synthesis, micelle formation, and bulk properties of poly(ethylene glycol)-b
-poly(pentafluorostyrene)-g
-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane amphiphilic hybrid copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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