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Zhang R, Gao R, Gou Q, Lai J, Li X. Recent Advances in the Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Comonomers by Nickel Catalysts. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183809. [PMID: 36145954 PMCID: PMC9500745 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The less-expensive and earth-abundant nickel catalyst is highly promising in the copolymerization of ethylene with polar monomers and has thus attracted increasing attention in both industry and academia. Herein, we have summarized the recent advancements made in the state-of-the-art nickel catalysts with different types of ligands for ethylene copolymerization and how these modifications influence the catalyst performance, as well as new polymerization modulation strategies. With regard to α-diimine, salicylaldimine/ketoiminato, phosphino-phenolate, phosphine-sulfonate, bisphospnine monoxide, N-heterocyclic carbene and other unclassified chelates, the properties of each catalyst and fine modulation of key copolymerization parameters (activity, molecular weight, comonomer incorporation rate, etc.) are revealed in detail. Despite significant achievements, many opportunities and possibilities are yet to be fully addressed, and a brief outlook on the future development and long-standing challenges is provided.
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2
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Dau H, Jones GR, Tsogtgerel E, Nguyen D, Keyes A, Liu YS, Rauf H, Ordonez E, Puchelle V, Basbug Alhan H, Zhao C, Harth E. Linear Block Copolymer Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14471-14553. [PMID: 35960550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymers form the basis of the most ubiquitous materials such as thermoplastic elastomers, bridge interphases in polymer blends, and are fundamental for the development of high-performance materials. The driving force to further advance these materials is the accessibility of block copolymers, which have a wide variety in composition, functional group content, and precision of their structure. To advance and broaden the application of block copolymers will depend on the nature of combined segmented blocks, guided through the combination of polymerization techniques to reach a high versatility in block copolymer architecture and function. This review provides the most comprehensive overview of techniques to prepare linear block copolymers and is intended to serve as a guideline on how polymerization techniques can work together to result in desired block combinations. As the review will give an account of the relevant procedures and access areas, the sections will include orthogonal approaches or sequentially combined polymerization techniques, which increases the synthetic options for these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Dau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Glen R Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Enkhjargal Tsogtgerel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Dung Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Anthony Keyes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Yu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Hasaan Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Estela Ordonez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Valentin Puchelle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Hatice Basbug Alhan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Chenying Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Eva Harth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
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4
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Wang XL, Zhang YP, Wang F, Pan L, Wang B, Li YS. Robust and Reactive Neutral Nickel Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization and Copolymerization with a Challenging 1,1-Disubstituted Difunctional Polar Monomer. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-ling Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yan-ping Zhang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Li Pan
- Tianjin Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yue-sheng Li
- Tianjin Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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5
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Zeng TY, Xia L, Zhang Z, Hong CY, You YZ. Dithiocarbamate-mediated controlled copolymerization of ethylene with cyclic ketene acetals towards polyethylene-based degradable copolymers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00200c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In this article, degradable polyethylene (PE)-based copolymers containing ester units in the backbone were prepared through the hybrid copolymerization of ethylene and cyclic ketene acetals (CKAs) mediated by dithiocarbamate successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-You Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Lei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Ze Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Chun-Yan Hong
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Ye-Zi You
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
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6
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7
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Chang CW, Jen YY, Tang SC, Zhang P, Chen C, Peng CH. Reversible-deactivation radical polymerization of vinyl acetate mediated by tralen, an organomediator. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00904d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An organic compound, tralen, has been developed as a mediator to control the radical polymerization of vinyl acetate, methyl acrylate, and N-vinyl pyrrolidone via the reversible termination mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wei Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yu Jen
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Cheng Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Pan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-How Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
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8
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Zhou G, Cui L, Mu H, Jian Z. Custom-made polar monomers utilized in nickel and palladium promoted olefin copolymerization. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00492a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this review, the functions of custom-made polar monomers are insightfully emphasized in the preparation of functional polyolefins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Lei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Hongliang Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Zhongbao Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
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9
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Dau H, Keyes A, Basbug Alhan HE, Ordonez E, Tsogtgerel E, Gies AP, Auyeung E, Zhou Z, Maity A, Das A, Powers DC, Beezer DB, Harth E. Dual Polymerization Pathway for Polyolefin-Polar Block Copolymer Synthesis via MILRad: Mechanism and Scope. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:21469-21483. [PMID: 33290059 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This work explores the mechanism whereby a cationic diimine Pd(II) complex combines coordination insertion and radical polymerization to form polyolefin-polar block copolymers. The initial requirement involves the insertion of a single acrylate monomer into the Pd(II)-polyolefin intermediates, which generate a stable polymeric chelate through a chain-walking mechanism. This thermodynamically stable chelate was also found to be photochemically inactive, and a unique mechanism was discovered which allows for radical polymerization. Rate-determining opening of the chelate by an ancillary ligand followed by additional chain walking allows the metal to migrate to the α-carbon of the acrylate moiety. Ultimately, the molecular parameters necessary for blue-light-triggered Pd-C bond homolysis from this α-carbon to form a carbon-centered macroradical species were established. This intermediate is understood to initiate free radical polymerization of acrylic monomers, thereby facilitating block copolymer synthesis from a single Pd(II) complex. Key intermediates were isolated and comprehensively characterized through exhaustive analytical methods which detail the mechanism while confirming the structural integrity of the polyolefin-polar blocks. Chain walking combined with blue-light irradiation functions as the mechanistic switch from coordination insertion to radical polymerization. On the basis of these discoveries, robust di- and triblock copolymer syntheses have been demonstrated with olefins (ethylene and 1-hexene) which produce amorphous or crystalline blocks and acrylics (methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, and methyl methacrylate) in broad molecular weight ranges and compositions, yielding AB diblocks and BAB triblocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Dau
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Anthony Keyes
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Hatice E Basbug Alhan
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Estela Ordonez
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Enkhjargal Tsogtgerel
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Anthony P Gies
- The Dow Chemical Company, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Evelyn Auyeung
- The Dow Chemical Company, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Zhe Zhou
- The Dow Chemical Company, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Asim Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Anuvab Das
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - David C Powers
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Dain B Beezer
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Eva Harth
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
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10
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Doerr AM, Burroughs JM, Gitter SR, Yang X, Boydston AJ, Long BK. Advances in Polymerizations Modulated by External Stimuli. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M. Doerr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, United States
| | - Justin M. Burroughs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, United States
| | - Sean R. Gitter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Xuejin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Andrew J. Boydston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Brian K. Long
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, United States
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11
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Mecking S, Schnitte M. Neutral Nickel(II) Catalysts: From Hyperbranched Oligomers to Nanocrystal-Based Materials. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2738-2752. [PMID: 33094994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Plastics materials are a vital component of modern technologies. They are applied, e.g., in construction, transportation, communication, water supply, or health care. Consequently, polyolefins-the most important plastics by scale-are produced in vast amounts by catalytic polymerization. Effective and selective as the catalysts used may be, their high sensitivity toward any polar compounds limits these methods to hydrocarbon reaction media and monomers like ethylene and propylene, respectively. This can be overcome by less oxophilic late transition metal catalysts, and here particularly neutral nickel(II) catalysts have seen major advances in the past few years. They stand out due to being capable of aqueous catalytic polymerizations. Aqueous polymerizations are benign processes that advantageously yield polymers in the form of particles. Moreover, these catalysts can incorporate polar monomers like acrylates, a realm previously restricted to noble metal catalysts. The introduction of polar moieties can induce properties like compatibility with metals or fibers in high performance composite materials or a desirable degradability.This Account provides a personal account of developments in the past decade. Prior findings are outlined briefly as a background. Aqueous polymerizations afford unique polyethylene morphologies as a result of the unusual underlying particle growth mechanism. Polymer single crystals are formed, which can be composed of a single ultrahigh molecular weight chain. This represents a completely disentangled state of such extremely long polymer chains, which has been long sought-after in order to overcome the difficult processing of high performance ultrahigh molecular weight materials. A key prerequisite for this approach and utilization of these catalysts, in general, is control of polymer branching and molecular weight. This is achieved via remote substituents on the Ni(II)-chelating ligand. Despite their distal position to the active site, weak secondary interactions control whether branching and chain transfer pathways compete very effectively with chain growth or are suppressed entirely. This provides access to hyperbranched oligomers, on the one hand, and enables living polymerizations to strictly linear high molecular weight polymer, on the other hand. Other advanced catalysts provide linear copolymers with in-chain polar monomer repeat units for the first time with non-noble metal active sites. Mechanistic studies further revealed that for copolymerizations with polar vinyl monomers the decisive limiting factor is irreversible termination reactions with neutral Ni(II) catalysts, rather than the well-recognized reversible blocking of coordination sites by the polar functional groups found for other types of catalysts. The mechanistic picture also implies the possibility of free-radical pathways, and their role in the formation of desirable polymer end groups and polymer blends is now being recognized. The area of neutral Ni(II) catalysts has progressed significantly in the entire range from fundamental mechanistic understanding, catalyst performance, and previously inaccessible polymer microstructures, and it is moving forward to materials through unique concepts. The unprecedented ability to incorporate functional groups into linear crystalline polyethylene also provides perspectives for much needed polyolefin materials that will not persist in the natural environment for several decades but that can be degraded by virtue of low levels of functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mecking
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Manuel Schnitte
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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12
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Gaikwad SR, Patel K, Deshmukh SS, Mote NR, Birajdar RS, Pandole SP, Chugh J, Chikkali SH. Palladium-Catalyzed Insertion of Ethylene and 1,1-Disubstituted Difunctional Olefins: An Experimental and Computational Study. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1200-1209. [PMID: 32584523 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Insertion or coordination copolymerization of ethylene with di-substituted olefins is challenging and the choice of di-substituted mono-functional olefin versus di-substituted di-functional olefin (DDO) appears to be decisive. Here we show that DDO-inserted species are amenable to ethylene insertion and polymerization. DDOs such as 2-acetamidoacrylic acid (AAA), methyl 2-acetamidoacrylate (MAAA), and ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate (ECA) were treated with palladium complex [{P∧O}PdMe(L)] (P∧O=κ2 -P,O-Ar2 PC6 H4 SO2 O with Ar=2-MeOC6 H4 ; L=C2 H6 OS) and the existence of respective insertion intermediates in moderate yield (up to 37 %) was established. These intermediates were exposed to ethylene and corresponding ethylene-inserted products were isolated and characterized. A careful comparison with three model compounds confirmed ethylene insertion and polymerization. Thus, the combined experimental and computational investigations show that DDO-inserted species can undergo ethylene insertion and polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahaji R Gaikwad
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Roa, Pune, 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research AcSIR Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Ketan Patel
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Roa, Pune, 411008, India.,Membrane Science and Separation Technology Division, CSIR Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, India
| | - Satej S Deshmukh
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Roa, Pune, 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research AcSIR Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Nilesh R Mote
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Roa, Pune, 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research AcSIR Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Rajkumar S Birajdar
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Roa, Pune, 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research AcSIR Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Satish P Pandole
- Central NMR Facility, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Roa, Pune-411008, India
| | - Jeetender Chugh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Samir H Chikkali
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Roa, Pune, 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research AcSIR Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110001, India
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13
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Stadler SM, Göttker-Schnetmann I, Fuchs AS, Fischer SRR, Mecking S. Catalytic Chain Transfer Polymerization to Functional Reactive End Groups for Controlled Free Radical Growth. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja M. Stadler
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Amelie S. Fuchs
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stephan R. R. Fischer
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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14
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Li Y, Cheng H, Xiao R, Cai Z. Rational design of nickel catalysts containing N-acylated imidazolin-2-imine ligand for ethylene copolymerization with polar monomer. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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15
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Li M, Wang R, Eisen MS, Park S. Light-mediated olefin coordination polymerization and photoswitches. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00426j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This review outlines photoswitchable, transition metal-based olefin coordination polymerization catalysts ranging from homogeneous to heterogeneous, and monometallic to bimetallic regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology
- Shantou 515063
- China
| | - Ruibin Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology
- Shantou 515063
- China
| | - Moris S. Eisen
- Department of Chemistry
- Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology
- Shantou 515063
- China
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
| | - Sehoon Park
- Department of Chemistry
- Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology
- Shantou 515063
- China
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
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16
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Liao G, Xiao Z, Chen X, Du C, Zhong L, Cheung CS, Gao H. Fast and Regioselective Polymerization of para-Alkoxystyrene by Palladium Catalysts for Precision Production of High-Molecular-Weight Polystyrene Derivatives. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangfu Liao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zefan Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Cheng Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Liu Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chi Shing Cheung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Haiyang Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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17
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Baruah U, Saikia PJ, Baruah SD. Ni/Pd-catalyzed coordination-insertion copolymerization of ethylene with alkyl acrylate. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-03055-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Silva TT, Silva YF, Machado AEH, Maia PIS, Tasso CRB, Lima-Neto BS, Silva Sá JL, Carvalho-Jr VP, Batista NC, Goi BE. Cycloalkyl-substituted salicylaldimine-nickel(II) complexes as mediators in controlled radical polymerization of vinyl acetate. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2019.1661781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Talita T. Silva
- Centro de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Yan F. Silva
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Antonio E. H. Machado
- Centro de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Pedro Ivo S. Maia
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Carlos R. B. Tasso
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - José L. Silva Sá
- Centro de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | | | - Nouga C. Batista
- Centro de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Beatriz E. Goi
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
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19
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Keyes A, Basbug Alhan HE, Ordonez E, Ha U, Beezer DB, Dau H, Liu Y, Tsogtgerel E, Jones GR, Harth E. Olefins and Vinyl Polar Monomers: Bridging the Gap for Next Generation Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12370-12391. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Keyes
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Hatice E. Basbug Alhan
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Estela Ordonez
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Uyen Ha
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Dain B. Beezer
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Huong Dau
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Yu‐Sheng Liu
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Enkhjargal Tsogtgerel
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Glen R. Jones
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Eva Harth
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
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20
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Keyes A, Basbug Alhan HE, Ordonez E, Ha U, Beezer DB, Dau H, Liu Y, Tsogtgerel E, Jones GR, Harth E. Olefine und polare Vinylmonomere: Überbrückung der Lücke für Materialien der nächsten Generation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201900650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Keyes
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Hatice E. Basbug Alhan
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Estela Ordonez
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Uyen Ha
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Dain B. Beezer
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Huong Dau
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Yu‐Sheng Liu
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Enkhjargal Tsogtgerel
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Glen R. Jones
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
| | - Eva Harth
- Department of ChemistryCenter of Excellence in Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Houston 3585 Cullen Boulevard Houston Texas 77030 USA
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21
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Schiebel E, Santacroce S, Falivene L, Göttker-Schnetmann I, Caporaso L, Mecking S. Tailored Strength Neighboring Group Interactions Switch Polymerization to Dimerization Catalysis. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Schiebel
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78457, Germany
| | - Stefano Santacroce
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Papa Paolo Giovanni II, Fisciano I-84084, Italy
| | - Laura Falivene
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Kaust Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Inigo Göttker-Schnetmann
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78457, Germany
| | - Lucia Caporaso
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Papa Paolo Giovanni II, Fisciano I-84084, Italy
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78457, Germany
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22
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Goring PD, Morton C, Scott P. End-functional polyolefins for block copolymer synthesis. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:3521-3530. [PMID: 30762061 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00087a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Polyolefins that contain polar functionalities are highly desired because they could extend the range of applications of these low production cost materials by modifying surface and other interfacial properties. Block copolymers containing polyolefin and polar segments are among the most sought-after architectures because of their ability to span the phase boundaries. This review focusses on the end-functionalisation of polyolefins by catalytic olefin polymerisation processes, almost invariably by metal-catalysed routes, followed by the growth polar blocks by various polymerisation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Goring
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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23
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Keyes A, Basbug Alhan HE, Ha U, Liu YS, Smith SK, Teets TS, Beezer DB, Harth E. Light as a Catalytic Switch for Block Copolymer Architectures: Metal–Organic Insertion/Light Initiated Radical (MILRad) Polymerization. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Keyes
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Hatice E. Basbug Alhan
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Uyen Ha
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Yu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Scott K. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Thomas S. Teets
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Dain B. Beezer
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Eva Harth
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
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24
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Zhang Y, Mu H, Pan L, Wang X, Li Y. Robust Bulky [P,O] Neutral Nickel Catalysts for Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Vinyl Monomers. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hongliang Mu
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Li Pan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xuling Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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25
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Qin HL, Leng J, Zhang W, Kantchev EAB. DFT modelling of a diphosphane - N-heterocyclic carbene-Rh(i) pincer complex rearrangement: a computational evaluation of the electronic effects in C-P bond activation. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:2662-2669. [PMID: 29410986 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04759b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
DFT calculations confirmed that the rearrangement of a PCP-Rh-H pincer to a CCP-Rh-phosphane pincer occured by C-P oxidative addition (ΔG‡ = 29.5 kcal mol-1, rate-determining step), followed by P-H reductive elimination (ΔG‡ = 4.8 kcal mol-1). The oxidative addition proceeded via a 3-centered transition state and is accelerated by electron-withdrawing substituents p- to the reacting C-P bond, resulting in a reaction constant (ρ) of 2.12 for ΔG‡ and 2.76 for ΔH‡ in a Hammett-type linear free energy relationship. AIM wavefunction analyses indicated a decrease in the negative charge on the carbon bonded to Rh with a concomitant increase in the positive charge on the latter. The electronic density at the Rh-P bond critical point and the atomic charge on Rh correlate well with the Hammett constants (σ) of the p-substituents. The replacement of the Rh-bound hydride with other anions (CH3, Ph, t-Bu, OH, F, Cl, and CN) results in a decrease in the OA barrier only for CH3, which is in accordance with the experimental results. The reductive elimination occurs via a 3-centered (Rh, H, P) transition state, which adopts a conformation wherein the steric clash between the i-Pr groups is minimized, followed by recomplexation of Rh and the newly formed (i-Pr)2PH by a conformational twist around the Rh-P axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-L Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures and School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Yasuda H, Nakano R, Ito S, Nozaki K. Palladium/IzQO-Catalyzed Coordination–Insertion Copolymerization of Ethylene and 1,1-Disubstituted Ethylenes Bearing a Polar Functional Group. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1876-1883. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hina Yasuda
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology,
Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakano
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology,
Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology,
Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology,
Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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27
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Falivene L, Wiedemann T, Göttker-Schnetmann I, Caporaso L, Cavallo L, Mecking S. Control of Chain Walking by Weak Neighboring Group Interactions in Unsymmetrical Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1305-1312. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Falivene
- King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Chemical and Life Sciences
and Engineering, Kaust Catalysis Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas Wiedemann
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Inigo Göttker-Schnetmann
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Lucia Caporaso
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Chemical and Life Sciences
and Engineering, Kaust Catalysis Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
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28
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Cai Z, Do LH. Customizing Polyolefin Morphology by Selective Pairing of Alkali Ions with Nickel Phenoxyimine-Polyethylene Glycol Catalysts. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzheng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Loi H. Do
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
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29
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García‐Domínguez A, Müller S, Nevado C. Nickel‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Carbosulfonylation of Alkynes via Sulfonyl Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Simona Müller
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
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30
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García-Domínguez A, Müller S, Nevado C. Nickel-Catalyzed Intermolecular Carbosulfonylation of Alkynes via Sulfonyl Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:9949-9952. [PMID: 28715151 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
β,β-Disubstituted vinyl sulfones were obtained with complete regio- and stereocontrol in a multicomponent reaction involving alkynes, organoboronic acids, and sulfonyl chlorides in the presence of a nickel catalyst. The reaction proceeds via sulfonyl radicals generated in situ under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés García-Domínguez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simona Müller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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31
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Debuigne A, Jérôme C, Detrembleur C. Organometallic-mediated radical polymerization of ‘less activated monomers’: Fundamentals, challenges and opportunities. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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32
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Kermagoret A, Gigmes D. Combined nitroxide mediated radical polymerization techniques for block copolymer synthesis. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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33
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Ölscher F, Göttker-Schnetmann I, Monteil V, Mecking S. Role of Radical Species in Salicylaldiminato Ni(II) Mediated Polymer Chain Growth: A Case Study for the Migratory Insertion Polymerization of Ethylene in the Presence of Methyl Methacrylate. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:14819-28. [PMID: 26571229 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b08612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
To date, an inconclusive and partially contradictive picture exists on the behavior of neutral Ni(II) insertion polymerization catalysts toward methyl methacrylate (MMA). We shed light on this issue by a combination of comprehensive mechanistic NMR and EPR studies, isolation of a key Ni(I) intermediate, and pressure reactor studies with ethylene and MMA, followed by detailed polymer analysis. An interlocking mechanistic picture of an insertion and a free radical polymerization is revealed. Both polymerizations run simultaneously (25 bar ethylene, neat MMA, 70 °C); however, the chain growth cycles are independent of each other, and therefore exclusively a physical mixture of homo-PE and homo-PMMA is obtained. A Ni-C bond cleavage was excluded as a free radical source. Rather a homolytic P-C bond cleavage in the labile aryl phosphine ligand and the reaction of low-valent Ni(0/I) species with specific iodo substituted N^O (Ar-I) ligands were shown to initiate radical MMA polymerizations. Several reductive elimination decomposition pathways of catalyst precursor or active intermediates were shown to form low-valent Ni species. One of those pathways is a bimolecular reductive coupling via intermediate (N^O)Ni(I) formation. These intermediate Ni(I) species can be prevented from ultimate decomposition by capturing with organic radical sources, forming insertion polymerization active [(N^O)Ni(II)-R] species and prolonging the ethylene polymerization activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Ölscher
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz , D-78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Inigo Göttker-Schnetmann
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz , D-78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Vincent Monteil
- Université de Lyon , Univ. Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265 Laboratoire de Chimie Catalyse Polymères et Procédés (C2P2), LCPP team Bat 308F, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz , D-78464 Konstanz, Germany
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34
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Mu H, Pan L, Song D, Li Y. Neutral Nickel Catalysts for Olefin Homo- and Copolymerization: Relationships between Catalyst Structures and Catalytic Properties. Chem Rev 2015; 115:12091-137. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500370f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Mu
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Li Pan
- School
of Material Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dongpo Song
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Yuesheng Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School
of Material Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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35
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Kermagoret A, Debuigne A, Jérôme C, Detrembleur C. Precision design of ethylene- and polar-monomer-based copolymers by organometallic-mediated radical polymerization. Nat Chem 2014; 6:179-87. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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37
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Luk YYG, Foucher DA, Gossage RA. Recent advances in the homogeneous polymerisation of olefins mediated by nickel complexes. CR CHIM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2012.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Shi Q, Chen L, Liu D, Wu J, Wu L, Zhu L, Cheng Q, Lu R, Fan D, Lü X. A new tetranuclear nickel complex based on the benzimidazole ligand for the controllable polymerization of methyl methacrylate. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2012.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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39
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Franssen NMG, Reek JNH, de Bruin B. Synthesis of functional ‘polyolefins’: state of the art and remaining challenges. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:5809-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60032g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Franssen NMG, Reek JNH, de Bruin B. A different route to functional polyolefins: olefin–carbene copolymerisation. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:9058-68. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt32941k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Vasudevan KV, Scott BL, Hanson SK. Alkene Hydrogenation Catalyzed by Nickel Hydride Complexes of an Aliphatic PNP Pincer Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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42
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Synthesis of copolymers of ethylene and (meth)acrylates or styrene by an original dual radical/catalytic mechanism. PURE APPL CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1351/pac-con-11-10-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neutral NiII complexes, classically used for catalytic ethylene polymerization, can play an additional role as radical initiators of the homo- and copolymerizations of (meth)acrylates and styrene. Benefiting from this duality, the copolymerization of ethylene and various (meth)acrylates or styrene was successfully performed. Multiblock copolymers containing sequences of both ethylene and (meth)acrylates were prepared for the first time from an original dual radical/catalytic mechanism.
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43
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Franssen NMG, Remerie K, Macko T, Reek JNH, de Bruin B. Controlled Synthesis of Functional Copolymers with Blocky Architectures via Carbene Polymerization. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma300314q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M. G. Franssen
- Van ̀t Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Department of Homogeneous and Supramolecular
Catalysis, Universiteit van Amsterdam,
P.O. Box 94720, 1090 GS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Remerie
- SABIC Technology and Innovation, STC Geleen, P.O. Box 319, 6160 AH Geleen,
The Netherlands
| | - Tibor Macko
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- German Institute for Polymers, Schlossgartenstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt,
Germany
| | - Joost N. H. Reek
- Van ̀t Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Department of Homogeneous and Supramolecular
Catalysis, Universiteit van Amsterdam,
P.O. Box 94720, 1090 GS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van ̀t Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Department of Homogeneous and Supramolecular
Catalysis, Universiteit van Amsterdam,
P.O. Box 94720, 1090 GS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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44
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Fetzer L, Toniazzo V, Ruch D, di Lena F. Transition-Metal Catalysts for Controlled Radical Polymerization: A First Update. Isr J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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45
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