1
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Hartl N, Gabold B, Uhl P, Kromer A, Xiao X, Fricker G, Mier W, Liu R, Merkel OM. ApoE-functionalization of nanoparticles for targeted brain delivery-a feasible method for polyplexes? Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:1660-1677. [PMID: 38087181 PMCID: PMC11052808 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01482-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses a major obstacle in the treatment of all types of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) offers in principle a promising therapeutic approach by downregulating disease-related genes via RNA interference. However, the BBB is a formidable barrier for macromolecules such as nucleic acids. In an effort to develop a brain-targeted strategy for siRNA delivery systems formed by electrostatic interactions with cationic polymers (polyplexes (PXs)), we investigated the suitability of the well-known surfactant-based approach for Apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-functionalization of nanoparticles (NPs). The aim of this present work was to investigate if ApoE coating of siRNA PXs formed with cationic branched 25-kDa poly(ethyleneimine) (b-PEI) and nylon-3 polymers without or after precoating with polysorbate 80 (PS 80) would promote successful delivery across the BBB. We utilized highly hydrophobic NM0.2/CP0.8 nylon-3 polymers to evaluate the effects of hydrophobic cyclopentyl (CP) subunits on ApoE binding efficacy and observed successful ApoE binding with and without PS 80 precoating to the nylon-3 but not the PEI polyplexes. Accordingly, ApoE-coated nylon-3 polyplexes showed significantly increased uptake and gene silencing in U87 glioma cells but no benefit in vivo. In conclusion, further optimization of ApoE-functionalized polyplexes and more sophisticated in vitro models are required to achieve more successful in vitro-in vivo translation in future approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Hartl
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina Gabold
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Uhl
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 329, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adrian Kromer
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ximian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Gert Fricker
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 329, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walter Mier
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Olivia M Merkel
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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2
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Jin Y, Adams F, Nguyen A, Sturm S, Carnerio S, Müller-Caspary K, Merkel OM. Synthesis and application of spermine-based amphiphilic poly(β-amino ester)s for siRNA delivery. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:5256-5262. [PMID: 37767040 PMCID: PMC10521211 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00272a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) can trigger RNA interference (RNAi) to therapeutically silence disease-related genes in human cells. The approval of siRNA therapeutics by the FDA in recent years generated a new hope in novel and efficient siRNA therapeutics. However, their therapeutic application is still limited by the lack of safe and efficient transfection vehicles. In this study, we successfully synthesized a novel amphiphilic poly(β-amino ester) based on the polyamine spermine, hydrophobic decylamine and 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, which was characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography (SEC, Mn = 6000 Da). The polymer encapsulated siRNA quantitatively from N/P 5 on as assessed by fluorescence intercalation while maintaining optimal polyplex sizes and zeta potentials. Biocompatibility and cellular delivery efficacy were also higher than those of the commonly used cationic, hyperbranched polymer polyethylenimine (PEI, 25 kDa). Optimized formulations mediated around 90% gene silencing in enhanced green fluorescence protein expressing H1299 cells (H1299-eGFP) as determined by flow cytometry. These results suggest that spermine-based, amphiphilic poly(β-amino ester)s are very promising candidates for efficient siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Friederike Adams
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Anny Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Sebastian Sturm
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Butenandtstr. 11 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Simone Carnerio
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Knut Müller-Caspary
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Butenandtstr. 11 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Olivia M Merkel
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 Munich Germany
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3
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Hartl N, Jürgens DC, Carneiro S, König AC, Xiao X, Liu R, Hauck SM, Merkel OM. Protein corona investigations of polyplexes with varying hydrophobicity - From method development to in vitro studies. Int J Pharm 2023; 643:123257. [PMID: 37482228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
In the field of non-viral drug delivery, polyplexes (PXs) represent an advanced investigated and highly promising tool for the delivery of nucleic acids. Upon encountering physiological fluids, they adsorb biological molecules to form a protein corona (PC), that influence PXs biodistribution, transfection efficiencies and targeting abilities. In an effort to understand protein - PX interactions and the effect of PX material on corona composition, we utilized cationic branched 10 kDa polyethyleneimine (b-PEI) and a hydrophobically modified nylon-3 polymer (NM0.2/CP0.8) within this study to develop appropriate methods for PC investigations. A centrifugation procedure for isolating hard corona - PX complexes (PCPXs) from soft corona proteins after incubating the PXs in fetal bovine serum (FBS) for PC formation was successfully optimized and the identification of proteins by a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) method clearly demonstrated that the PC composition is affected by the underlying PXs material. With regard to especially interesting functional proteins, which might be able to induce active targeting effects, several candidates could be detected on b-PEI and NM0.2/CP0.8 PXs. These results are of high interest to better understand how the design of PXs impacts the PC composition and subsequently PCPXs-cell interactions to enable precise adjustment of PXs for targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Hartl
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - David C Jürgens
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Carneiro
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine König
- Metbolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Heidemannsstr. 1, 80939 Munich, Germany
| | - Ximian Xiao
- East China University of Science and Technology, 30 Meilong Rd, Shanghai, China
| | - Runhui Liu
- East China University of Science and Technology, 30 Meilong Rd, Shanghai, China
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Metbolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Heidemannsstr. 1, 80939 Munich, Germany
| | - Olivia M Merkel
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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4
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Hartl N, Gabold B, Adams F, Uhl P, Oerter S, Gätzner S, Metzger M, König AC, Hauck SM, Appelt-Menzel A, Mier W, Fricker G, Merkel OM. Overcoming the blood-brain barrier? - prediction of blood-brain permeability of hydrophobically modified polyethylenimine polyplexes for siRNA delivery into the brain with in vitro and in vivo models. J Control Release 2023; 360:613-629. [PMID: 37437848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective biological barrier that represents a major bottleneck in the treatment of all types of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) offers in principle a promising therapeutic approach, e.g., for brain tumors, by downregulating brain tumor-related genes and inhibiting tumor growth via RNA interference. In an effort to develop efficient siRNA nanocarriers for crossing the BBB, we utilized polyethyleneimine (PEI) polymers hydrophobically modified with either stearic-acid (SA) or dodecylacrylamide (DAA) subunits and evaluated their suitability for delivering siRNA across the BBB in in vitro and in vivo BBB models depending on their structure. Physicochemical characteristics of siRNA-polymer complexes (polyplexes (PXs)), e.g., particle size and surface charge, were measured by dynamic light scattering and laser Doppler anemometry, whereas siRNA condensation ability of polymers and polyplex stability was evaluated by spectrophotometric methods. The composition of the biomolecule corona that absorbs on polyplexes upon encountering physiological fluids was investigated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and by a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) method. Cellular internalization abilities of PXs into brain endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) was confirmed, and a BBB permeation assay using a human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived BBB model revealed similar abilities to cross the BBB for all formulations under physiological conditions. However, biodistribution studies of radiolabeled PXs in mice were inconsistent with in vitro results as the detected amount of radiolabeled siRNA in the brain delivered with PEI PXs was higher compared to PEI-SA PXs. Taken together, PEI PXs were shown to be a suitable nanocarrier to deliver small amounts of siRNA across the BBB into the brain but more sophisticated human BBB models that better represent physiological conditions and biodistribution are required to provide highly predictive in vitro data for human CNS drug development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Hartl
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina Gabold
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Friederike Adams
- University of Stuttgart, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Macromolecular Materials and Fiber Chemistry, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Philipp Uhl
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Oerter
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC), Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), 97070 Würzburg, Germany; University Hospital Würzburg, Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Gätzner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC), Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marco Metzger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC), Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), 97070 Würzburg, Germany; University Hospital Würzburg, Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine König
- Helmholtz Centrum Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Protein Science, Heidemannsstr. 1, 80939, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Helmholtz Centrum Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Protein Science, Heidemannsstr. 1, 80939, Munich, Germany
| | - Antje Appelt-Menzel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC), Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), 97070 Würzburg, Germany; University Hospital Würzburg, Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Walter Mier
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gert Fricker
- University of Heidelberg, Institute for Pharmacy & Molekular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 329, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olivia M Merkel
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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5
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Xiao X, Zhou M, Cong Z, Zou J, Liu R. Advance in the Polymerization Strategy for the Synthesis of β-Peptides and β-Peptoids. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200368. [PMID: 36226554 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Peptide mimics, possessing excellent biocompatibility and protease stability, have attracted broad attention and research in the biomedical field. β-Peptides and β-peptoids, as two types of vital peptide mimics, have demonstrated great potential in the field of foldamers, antimicrobials and protein binding, etc. Currently, the main synthetic strategies for β-peptides and β-peptoids include solid-phase synthesis and polymerization. Among them, polymerization in one-pot can minimize the repeated separation and purification used in solid-phase synthesis, and has the advantages of high efficiency and low cost, and can synthesize β-peptides and β-peptoids with high molecular weight. This review summarizes the polymerization methods for β-peptides and β-peptoids. Moreover, future developments of the polymerization method for the synthesis of β-peptides and β-peptoids will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihao Cong
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingcheng Zou
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, China.,East China University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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6
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Varghese M, Grinstaff MW. Beyond nylon 6: polyamides via ring opening polymerization of designer lactam monomers for biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8258-8275. [PMID: 36047318 PMCID: PMC9856205 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00930c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ring opening polymerization (ROP) of lactams is a highly efficient and versatile method to synthesize polyamides. Within the last ten years, significant advances in polymerization methodology and monomer diversity are ushering in a new era of polyamide chemistry. We begin with a discussion of polymerization techniques including the most widely used anionic ring opening polymerization (AROP), and less prevalent cationic ROP and enzyme-catalyzed ROP. Next, we describe new monomers being explored for ROP with increased functionality and stereochemistry. We emphasize the relationships between composition, structure, and properties, and how chemists can control composition and structure to dictate a desired property or performance. Finally, we discuss biomedical applications of the synthesized polyamides, specifically as biomaterials and pharmaceuticals, with examples to include as antimicrobial agents, cell adhesion substrates, and drug delivery scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Varghese
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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7
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Merkel OM. Can pulmonary RNA delivery improve our pandemic preparedness? J Control Release 2022; 345:549-556. [PMID: 35358609 PMCID: PMC8958776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic has changed our perception of RNA medicines, and RNA vaccines have revolutionized our pandemic preparedness. But are we indeed prepared for the next variant or the next emerging virus? How can we prepare? And what does the role of inhaled antiviral RNA play in this regard? When the pandemic started, I rerouted much of the ongoing inhaled RNA delivery research in my group towards the inhibition and treatment of respiratory viral infections. Two years later, I have taken the literature, past and ongoing clinical trials into consideration and have gained new insights based on our collaborative research which I will discuss in this oration.
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8
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Filatova SM, Guseva MK, Bodrova TG, Parshina DV, Budanova UA, Sebyakin YL. Evolutionary Development and Structural Diversity of Natural Antimicrobial Peptides, Peptidometics, and Cationic Amphiphiles Based on Amino Acids. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221130338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Tyagi A, Mishra A. Optimal Balance of Hydrophobic Content and Degree of Polymerization Results in a Potent Membrane-Targeting Antibacterial Polymer. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:34724-34735. [PMID: 34963955 PMCID: PMC8697380 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Globally, excessive use of antibiotics has drastically raised the resistance frequency of disease-causing microorganisms among humans, leading to a scarcity of efficient and biocompatible drugs. Antimicrobial polymers have emerged as a promising candidate to combat drug-resistance pathogens. Along with the amphiphilic balance, structural conformation and molecular weight (M n) play an indispensable role in the antimicrobial potency and cytotoxic activity of polymers. Here, we synthesize cationic and amphiphilic methacrylamide random copolymers using free-radical copolymerization. The mole fraction of the hydrophobic groups is kept constant at approximately 20%, while the molecular weight (average number of linked polymeric units) is varied and the antibacterial and cytotoxic activities are studied. The chemical composition of the copolymers is characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy. We observe that the average number of linked units in a polymer chain (i.e., molecular weight) significantly affects the polymer activity and selectivity. The antibacterial efficacy against both of the examined bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, increases with increasing molecular weight. The bactericidal activity of polymers is confirmed by live/dead cell viability assay. Polymers with high molecular weight display high antibacterial activity, yet are highly cytotoxic even at 1 × MIC. However, low-molecular-weight polymers are biocompatible while retaining antibacterial potency. Furthermore, no resistance acquisition is observed against the polymers in E. coli and S. aureus. A comprehensive analysis using confocal and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques shows that the polymers target bacterial membranes, resulting in membrane permeabilization that leads to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Tyagi
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Abhijit Mishra
- Department
of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
- . Tel: (+91-79) 2395 2422
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10
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Chen S, Zhang S, Wang Y, Yang X, Yang H, Cui C. Anti-EpCAM functionalized graphene oxide vector for tumor targeted siRNA delivery and cancer therapy. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:598-611. [PMID: 34849165 PMCID: PMC8609427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a potential drug delivery vector. For siRNA delivery, GO should be modified to endow it with gene delivery ability and targeting effect. However, the cationic materials used previously usually had greater toxicity. In this study, GO was modified with a non-toxicity cationic material (chitosan) and a tumor specific monoclonal antibody (anti-EpCAM) for the delivery of survivin-siRNA (GCE/siRNA). And the vector (GCE) prepared was proved with excellent biosafety and tumor targeting effect. The GCE exhibited superior performance in loading siRNA, maintained stability in different solutions and showed excellent protection effect for survivin-siRNA in vitro. The gene silencing results in vitro showed that the mRNA level and protein level were down-regulated by 48.24% ± 2.50% and 44.12% ± 3.03%, respectively, which was equal with positive control (P > 0.05). It was also demonstrated that GCE/siRNA had a strong antitumor effect in vitro, which was attributed to the efficient antiproliferation, and migration and invasion inhibition effect of GCE/siRNA. The results in vivo indicated that GCE could accumulate siRNA in tumor tissues. The tumor inhibition rate of GCE/siRNA 54.74% ± 5.51% was significantly higher than control 4.87% ± 8.49%. Moreover, GCE/siRNA showed no toxicity for blood and main organs, suggesting that it is a biosafety carrier for gene delivery. Taken together, this study provides a novel design strategy for gene delivery system and siRNA formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 10069, China.,Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 10069, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 10069, China.,Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 10069, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 10069, China.,Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 10069, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 10069, China.,Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 10069, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Yanjing Medical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Chunying Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 10069, China.,Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 10069, China
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11
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Balijepalli AS, McNeely JH, Hamoud A, Grinstaff MW. Guidelines for β-Lactam Synthesis: Glycal Protecting Groups Dictate Stereoelectronics and [2+2] Cycloaddition Kinetics. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12044-12057. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anant S. Balijepalli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - James H. McNeely
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Aladin Hamoud
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Mark W. Grinstaff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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12
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Zhou M, Xiao X, Cong Z, Wu Y, Zhang W, Ma P, Chen S, Zhang H, Zhang D, Zhang D, Luan X, Mai Y, Liu R. Water‐Insensitive Synthesis of Poly‐β‐Peptides with Defined Architecture. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Ximian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Zihao Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yueming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Haodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Xiangfeng Luan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
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13
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Zhou M, Xiao X, Cong Z, Wu Y, Zhang W, Ma P, Chen S, Zhang H, Zhang D, Zhang D, Luan X, Mai Y, Liu R. Water‐Insensitive Synthesis of Poly‐β‐Peptides with Defined Architecture. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7240-7244. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Ximian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Zihao Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yueming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Haodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Xiangfeng Luan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
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14
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Wu Y, Xia G, Zhang W, Chen K, Bi Y, Liu S, Zhang W, Liu R. Structural design and antimicrobial properties of polypeptides and saccharide–polypeptide conjugates. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:9173-9196. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01916j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The development and progress of antimicrobial polypeptides and saccharide–polypeptide conjugates in regards to their structural design, biological functions and antimicrobial mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Guixue Xia
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Kang Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Yufang Bi
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Shiqi Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry
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15
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Barba-Bon A, Pan YC, Biedermann F, Guo DS, Nau WM, Hennig A. Fluorescence Monitoring of Peptide Transport Pathways into Large and Giant Vesicles by Supramolecular Host–Dye Reporter Pairs. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:20137-20145. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Barba-Bon
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring
1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Yu-Chen Pan
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Frank Biedermann
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Werner M. Nau
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring
1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hennig
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring
1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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16
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Zhang K, Du Y, Si Z, Liu Y, Turvey ME, Raju C, Keogh D, Ruan L, Jothy SL, Reghu S, Marimuthu K, De PP, Ng OT, Mediavilla JR, Kreiswirth BN, Chi YR, Ren J, Tam KC, Liu XW, Duan H, Zhu Y, Mu Y, Hammond PT, Bazan GC, Pethe K, Chan-Park MB. Enantiomeric glycosylated cationic block co-beta-peptides eradicate Staphylococcus aureus biofilms and antibiotic-tolerant persisters. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4792. [PMID: 31636263 PMCID: PMC6803644 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12702-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of bacterial infections is hindered by the presence of biofilms and metabolically inactive persisters. Here, we report the synthesis of an enantiomeric block co-beta-peptide, poly(amido-D-glucose)-block-poly(beta-L-lysine), with high yield and purity by one-shot one-pot anionic-ring opening (co)polymerization. The co-beta-peptide is bactericidal against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), including replicating, biofilm and persister bacterial cells, and also disperses biofilm biomass. It is active towards community-acquired and hospital-associated MRSA strains which are resistant to multiple drugs including vancomycin and daptomycin. Its antibacterial activity is superior to that of vancomycin in MRSA mouse and human ex vivo skin infection models, with no acute in vivo toxicity in repeated dosing in mice at above therapeutic levels. The copolymer displays bacteria-activated surfactant-like properties, resulting from contact with the bacterial envelope. Our results indicate that this class of non-toxic molecule, effective against different bacterial sub-populations, has promising potential for the treatment of S. aureus infections. The authors report the synthesis of an enantiomeric block co-beta-peptide that kills methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, including biofilm and persister bacterial cells, and disperses biofilms. The copolymer displays antibacterial activity in human ex vivo and mouse in vivo infection models without toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixi Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.,Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Yu Du
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.,Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.,Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, 350002, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhangyong Si
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.,Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Yang Liu
- Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Michelle E Turvey
- Infectious Disease Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research & Technology Centre, 1 Create Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Cheerlavancha Raju
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.,Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Damien Keogh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.,Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Lin Ruan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.,Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Subramanion L Jothy
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.,Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Sheethal Reghu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.,Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Kalisvar Marimuthu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.,National Centre for Infectious Diseases, 16 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308442, Singapore
| | - Partha Pratim De
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Oon Tek Ng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.,National Centre for Infectious Diseases, 16 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308442, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
| | - José R Mediavilla
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ, 07110, USA
| | - Barry N Kreiswirth
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ, 07110, USA
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Jinghua Ren
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Kam C Tam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.,Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Hongwei Duan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.,Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Yabin Zhu
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuguang Mu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106-9510, USA
| | - Kevin Pethe
- Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore. .,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore. .,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 636921, Singapore.
| | - Mary B Chan-Park
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore. .,Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore. .,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 636921, Singapore.
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17
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The Impact of Nylon-3 Copolymer Composition on the Efficiency of siRNA Delivery to Glioblastoma Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9070986. [PMID: 31288448 PMCID: PMC6669510 DOI: 10.3390/nano9070986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is a devastating disease that has attracted enormous attention due to poor prognosis and high recurrence. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) in principle offers a promising therapeutic approach by the downregulation of disease-related genes via RNA interference. For efficient siRNA delivery to target sites, cationic polymers are often used in preclinical studies for the protection of siRNA and complex formation based on electrostatic interactions. In an effort to develop biocompatible and efficient nanocarriers with a translational outlook for optimal gene silencing at reduced toxicity, we synthesized two sets of nylon-3 copolymers with variable cationic content (DM or NM monomer) and hydrophobic subunits (CP monomer) and evaluated their suitability for in vitro siRNA delivery into glioblastoma cells. DM0.4/CP0.6 and NM0.4/CP0.6 polymers with similar subunit ratios were synthesized to compare the effect of different cationic subunits. Additionally, we utilized NM0.2/CP0.8 polymers to evaluate the impact of the different hydrophobic content in the polymer chain. The siRNA condensation ability and polymer–siRNA complex stability was evaluated by unmodified and modified SYBR gold assays, respectively. Further physicochemical characteristics, e.g., particle size and surface charge, were evaluated by dynamic light scattering and laser Doppler anemometry, whereas a relatively new method for polyplex size distribution analysis—tunable resistive pulse sensing—was additionally developed and compared to DLS measurements. Transfection efficiencies, the route of cell internalization, and protein knockdown abilities in glioblastoma cells were investigated by flow cytometry. Furthermore, cellular tolerability was evaluated by MTT and LDH assays. All the polymers efficiently condensed siRNA at N/P ratios of three, whereas polymers with NM cationic subunits demonstrated smaller particle size and lower polyplex stability. Furthermore, NM0.2/CP0.8 polyplexes with the highest hydrophobic content displayed significantly higher cellular internalization in comparison to more cationic formulations and successful knockdown capabilities. Detailed investigations of the cellular uptake route demonstrated that these polyplexes mainly follow clathrin-mediated endocytotic uptake mechanisms, implying high interaction capacity with cellular membranes. Taken together with conducive toxicity profiles, highly hydrophobic nylon-3 polymers provide an appropriate siRNA delivery agent for the potential treatment of glioblastoma.
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18
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Hoque J, Bhattacharjee B, Prakash RG, Paramanandham K, Haldar J. Dual Function Injectable Hydrogel for Controlled Release of Antibiotic and Local Antibacterial Therapy. Biomacromolecules 2017; 19:267-278. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaul Hoque
- Antimicrobial
Research Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Brinta Bhattacharjee
- Antimicrobial
Research Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Relekar G. Prakash
- Antimicrobial
Research Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Paramanandham
- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Ramagondanahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Antimicrobial
Research Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
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19
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Feldmann DP, Xie Y, Jones SK, Yu D, Moszczynska A, Merkel OM. The impact of microfluidic mixing of triblock micelleplexes on in vitro / in vivo gene silencing and intracellular trafficking. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:224001. [PMID: 28488596 PMCID: PMC5539944 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa6d15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The triblock copolymer polyethylenimine-polycaprolactone-polyethylene glycol (PEI-PCL-PEG) has been shown to spontaneously assemble into nano-sized particulate carriers capable of complexing with nucleic acids for gene delivery. The objective of this study was to investigate micelleplex characteristics, their in vitro and in vivo fate following microfluidic preparation of siRNA nanoparticles compared to the routinely used batch reactor mixing technique. Herein, PEI-PCL-PEG nanoparticles were prepared with batch reactor or microfluidic mixing techniques and characterized by various biochemical assays and in cell culture. Microfluidic nanoparticles showed a reduction of overall particle size as well as a more uniform size distribution when compared to batch reactor pipette mixing. Confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and qRT-PCR displayed the subcellular delivery of the microfluidic formulation and confirmed the ability to achieve mRNA knockdown. Intratracheal instillation of microfluidic formulation resulted in a significantly more efficient (p < 0.05) knockdown of GAPDH compared to treatment with the batch reactor formulation. The use of microfluidic mixing techniques yields an overall smaller and more uniform PEG-PCL-PEI nanoparticle that is able to more efficiently deliver siRNA in vivo. This preparation method may prove to be useful when a scaled up production of well-defined polyplexes is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Feldmann
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R St, Detroit, MI 48201, United States of America
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20
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Roos K, Planes M, Bakkali-Hassani C, Mehats J, Vax A, Carlotti S. Solvent-Free Anionic Polymerization of Acrylamide: A Mechanistic Study for the Rapid and Controlled Synthesis of Polyamide-3. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Roos
- LCPO, UMR 5629, University of Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
- LCPO, UMR 5629, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France
- UMR 5629, Bordeaux INP, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Mikael Planes
- LCPO, UMR 5629, University of Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
- LCPO, UMR 5629, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France
- UMR 5629, Bordeaux INP, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Camille Bakkali-Hassani
- LCPO, UMR 5629, University of Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
- LCPO, UMR 5629, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France
- UMR 5629, Bordeaux INP, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jérémy Mehats
- LCPO, UMR 5629, University of Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
- LCPO, UMR 5629, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France
- UMR 5629, Bordeaux INP, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Amelie Vax
- LCPO, UMR 5629, University of Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
- LCPO, UMR 5629, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France
- UMR 5629, Bordeaux INP, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Stephane Carlotti
- LCPO, UMR 5629, University of Bordeaux, F-33600 Pessac, France
- LCPO, UMR 5629, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France
- UMR 5629, Bordeaux INP, F-33600 Pessac, France
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21
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Ghosh C, Haldar J. Membrane-Active Small Molecules: Designs Inspired by Antimicrobial Peptides. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:1606-24. [PMID: 26386345 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases continue to be one of the major contributors to human morbidity. The rapid rate at which pathogenic microorganisms have developed resistance against frontline antimicrobials has compelled scientists to look for new alternatives. Given their vast antimicrobial repertoire, substantial research effort has been dedicated toward the development of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as alternative drugs. However, inherent limitations of AMPs have driven substantial efforts worldwide to develop synthetic mimics of AMPs. This review focuses on the progress that has been made toward the development of small molecules that emulate the properties of AMPs, both in terms of design and biological activity. Herein we provide an extensive discussion of the structural features of various designs and we examine biological properties that have been exploited. Furthermore, we raise a number of questions for which the field has yet to provide solutions and discuss possible future research directions that remain either unexploited or underexploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandradhish Ghosh
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka (India)
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka (India).
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