1
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Eriksen MH, Olsen JE, Wolff C, Cox JD. Optoelectronic Control of Atomic Bistability with Graphene. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:253602. [PMID: 36608233 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.253602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We explore the emergence and active control of optical bistability in a two-level atom near a graphene sheet. Our theory incorporates self-interaction of the optically driven atom and its coupling to electromagnetic vacuum modes, both of which are sensitive to the electrically tunable interband transition threshold in graphene. We show that electro-optical bistability and hysteresis can manifest in the intensity, spectrum, and quantum statistics of the light emitted by the atom, which undergoes critical slow-down to steady state. The optically driven atom-graphene interaction constitutes a platform for active control of driven atomic systems in coherent quantum control and atomic physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Have Eriksen
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jakob E Olsen
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Christian Wolff
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Joel D Cox
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
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2
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Dutta R, Pradhan A, Mondal P, Kakkar S, Sai TP, Ghosh A, Basu JK. Enhancing Carrier Diffusion Length and Quantum Efficiency through Photoinduced Charge Transfer in Layered Graphene-Semiconducting Quantum Dot Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:24295-24303. [PMID: 33998798 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid devices consisting of graphene or transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) were widely studied for potential photodetector and photovoltaic applications, while for photodetector applications, high internal quantum efficiency (IQE) is required for photovoltaic applications and enhanced carrier diffusion length is also desirable. Here, we reported the electrical measurements on hybrid field-effect optoelectronic devices consisting of compact QD monolayer at controlled separations from single-layer graphene, and the structure is characterized by high IQE and large enhancement of minority carrier diffusion length. While the IQE ranges from 10.2% to 18.2% depending on QD-graphene separation, ds, the carrier diffusion length, LD, estimated from scanning photocurrent microscopy (SPCM) measurements, could be enhanced by a factor of 5-8 as compared to that of pristine graphene. IQE and LD could be tuned by varying back gate voltage and controlling the extent of charge separation from the proximal QD layer due to photoexcitation. The obtained IQE values were remarkably high, considering that only a single QD layer was used, and the parameters could be further enhanced in such devices significantly by stacking multiple layers of QDs. Our results could have significant implications for utilizing these hybrid devices as photodetectors and active photovoltaic materials with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Dutta
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Avradip Pradhan
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Praloy Mondal
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Saloni Kakkar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - T Phanindra Sai
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Arindam Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Jaydeep Kumar Basu
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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3
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Exciton-Photon Interactions in Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Radiative Transitions, Non-Radiative Processes and Environment Effects. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11020497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we discuss several fundamental processes taking place in semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots (QDs)) when their electron subsystem interacts with electromagnetic (EM) radiation. The physical phenomena of light emission and EM energy transfer from a QD exciton to other electronic systems such as neighbouring nanocrystals and polarisable 3D (semi-infinite dielectric or metal) and 2D (graphene) materials are considered. In particular, emission decay and FRET rates near a plane interface between two dielectrics or a dielectric and a metal are discussed and their dependence upon relevant parameters is demonstrated. The cases of direct (II–VI) and indirect (silicon) band gap semiconductors are compared. We cover the relevant non-radiative mechanisms such as the Auger process, electron capture on dangling bonds and interaction with phonons. Some further effects, such as multiple exciton generation, are also discussed. The emphasis is on explaining the underlying physics and illustrating it with calculated and experimental results in a comprehensive, tutorial manner.
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4
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Romanova M, Vlček V. Decomposition and embedding in the stochastic GW self-energy. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:134103. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0020430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Romanova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, USA
| | - Vojtěch Vlček
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, USA
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5
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Cano D, Ferrier A, Soundarapandian K, Reserbat-Plantey A, Scarafagio M, Tallaire A, Seyeux A, Marcus P, Riedmatten HD, Goldner P, Koppens FHL, Tielrooij KJ. Fast electrical modulation of strong near-field interactions between erbium emitters and graphene. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4094. [PMID: 32796825 PMCID: PMC7427803 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17899-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining the quantum optical properties of single-photon emitters with the strong near-field interactions available in nanophotonic and plasmonic systems is a powerful way of creating quantum manipulation and metrological functionalities. The ability to actively and dynamically modulate emitter-environment interactions is of particular interest in this regard. While thermal, mechanical and optical modulation have been demonstrated, electrical modulation has remained an outstanding challenge. Here we realize fast, all-electrical modulation of the near-field interactions between a nanolayer of erbium emitters and graphene, by in-situ tuning the Fermi energy of graphene. We demonstrate strong interactions with a >1000-fold increased decay rate for ~25% of the emitters, and electrically modulate these interactions with frequencies up to 300 kHz - orders of magnitude faster than the emitter's radiative decay (~100 Hz). This constitutes an enabling platform for integrated quantum technologies, opening routes to quantum entanglement generation by collective plasmon emission or photon emission with controlled waveform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cano
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Alban Ferrier
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), Université PSL, Chimie ParisTech, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France.,Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, Sorbonne Universités, UFR 933, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Karuppasamy Soundarapandian
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Antoine Reserbat-Plantey
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Marion Scarafagio
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), Université PSL, Chimie ParisTech, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Tallaire
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), Université PSL, Chimie ParisTech, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Seyeux
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), Université PSL, Chimie ParisTech, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Marcus
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), Université PSL, Chimie ParisTech, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Hugues de Riedmatten
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain.,ICREA - Institució Catalana de Reçerca i Estudis Avancats, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philippe Goldner
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), Université PSL, Chimie ParisTech, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Frank H L Koppens
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain. .,ICREA - Institució Catalana de Reçerca i Estudis Avancats, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Klaas-Jan Tielrooij
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), BIST and CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
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6
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Penzo E, Loiudice A, Barnard ES, Borys NJ, Jurow MJ, Lorenzon M, Rajzbaum I, Wong EK, Liu Y, Schwartzberg AM, Cabrini S, Whitelam S, Buonsanti R, Weber-Bargioni A. Long-Range Exciton Diffusion in Two-Dimensional Assemblies of Cesium Lead Bromide Perovskite Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2020; 14:6999-7007. [PMID: 32459460 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET)-mediated exciton diffusion through artificial nanoscale building block assemblies could be used as an optoelectronic design element to transport energy. However, so far, nanocrystal (NC) systems supported only diffusion lengths of 30 nm, which are too small to be useful in devices. Here, we demonstrate a FRET-mediated exciton diffusion length of 200 nm with 0.5 cm2/s diffusivity through an ordered, two-dimensional assembly of cesium lead bromide perovskite nanocrystals (CsPbBr3 PNCs). Exciton diffusion was directly measured via steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) microscopy, with physical modeling providing deeper insight into the transport process. This exceptionally efficient exciton transport is facilitated by PNCs' high PL quantum yield, large absorption cross section, and high polarizability, together with minimal energetic and geometric disorder of the assembly. This FRET-mediated exciton diffusion length matches perovskites' optical absorption depth, thus enabling the design of device architectures with improved performances and providing insight into the high conversion efficiencies of PNC-based optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Penzo
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Anna Loiudice
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering of the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH 1015, Switzerland
| | - Edward S Barnard
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nicholas J Borys
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Matthew J Jurow
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Monica Lorenzon
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Igor Rajzbaum
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Edward K Wong
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Adam M Schwartzberg
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stefano Cabrini
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stephen Whitelam
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Raffaella Buonsanti
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering of the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH 1015, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Weber-Bargioni
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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7
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Padgaonkar S, Olding JN, Lauhon LJ, Hersam MC, Weiss EA. Emergent Optoelectronic Properties of Mixed-Dimensional Heterojunctions. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:763-772. [PMID: 31961121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusThe electronic dimensionality of a material is defined by the number of spatial degrees of confinement of its electronic wave function. Low-dimensional semiconductor nanomaterials with at least one degree of spatial confinement have optoelectronic properties that are tunable with size and environment (dielectric and chemical) and are of particular interest for optoelectronic applications such as light detection, light harvesting, and photocatalysis. By combining nanomaterials of differing dimensionalities, mixed-dimensional heterojunctions (MDHJs) exploit the desirable characteristics of their components. For example, the strong optical absorption of zero-dimensional (0D) materials combined with the high charge carrier mobilities of two-dimensional (2D) materials widens the spectral response and enhances the responsivity of mixed-dimensional photodetectors, which has implications for ultrathin, flexible optoelectronic devices. MDHJs are highly sensitive to (i) interfacial chemistry because of large surface area-to-volume ratios and (ii) electric fields, which are incompletely screened because of the ultrathin nature of MDHJs. This sensitivity presents opportunities for control of physical phenomena in MDHJs through chemical modification, optical excitation, externally applied electric fields, and other environmental parameters. Since this fast-moving research area is beginning to pose and answer fundamental questions that underlie the fundamental optoelectronic behavior of MDHJs, it is an opportune time to assess progress and suggest future directions in this field.In this Account, we first outline the characteristic properties, advantages, and challenges for low-dimensional materials, many of which arise as a result of quantum confinement effects. The optoelectronic properties and performance of MDHJs are primarily determined by dynamics of excitons and charge carriers at their interfaces, where these particles tunnel, trap, scatter, and/or recombine on the time scales of tens of femtoseconds to hundreds of nanoseconds. We discuss several photophysical phenomena that deviate from those observed in bulk heterojunctions, as well as factors that can be used to vary, probe, and ultimately control the behavior of excitons and charge carriers in MDHJ systems. We then discuss optoelectronic applications of MDHJs, namely, photodetectors, photovoltaics, and photocatalysts, and identify current performance limits compared to state-of-the-art benchmarks. Finally, we suggest strategies to extend the current understanding of dynamics in MDHJs toward the realization of stimuli-driven responses, particularly with respect to exciton delocalization, quantum emission, interfacial morphology, responsivity to external stimuli, spin selectivity, and usage of chemically reactive materials.
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8
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Ma L, Hu S, He X, Yang N, Chen L, Yang C, Ye F, Wei T, Li M. Detection of tBid Oligomerization and Membrane Permeabilization by Graphene-Based Single-Molecule Surface-Induced Fluorescence Attenuation. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:6937-6944. [PMID: 31558028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The permeabilization of organelle membranes by BCL-2 family proteins is a pivotal step during the regulation of apoptosis; the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Based on the fluorescence attenuation by graphene oxide, we developed a single-molecule imaging method termed surface-induced fluorescence attenuation (smSIFA), which enabled us to track both vertical and lateral kinetics of singly labeled BCL-2 family protein tBid during membrane permeabilization. We found that tBid monomers lie shallowly on the lipid bilayer, where they self-assemble to form oligomers. During the initiation phase of self-assembly, the two central hydrophobic helices (α6 and α7) of tBid insert halfway into the phospholipid core, while the other helices remain on the surface. In oligomerized tBid clusters, α6 and α7 prefer to float up, and the other helices may sink to the bottom of the membrane and cause the formation of transient two-dimensional, micelle-like pore structures, which are responsible for the permeabilization of membranes and the induction of apoptosis. Our results shed light on the understanding of tBid-induced apoptosis, and this nanotechnology-based smSIFA approach could be used to dissect the kinetic interaction between membrane protein and lipid bilayer at the single-molecule level with subnanometer precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Shuxin Hu
- National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Xiaolong He
- National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Na Yang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Licui Chen
- National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Chenguang Yang
- National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Fangfu Ye
- National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Taotao Wei
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ming Li
- National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory , Dongguan , Guangdong 523808 , China
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9
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Schädler KG, Ciancico C, Pazzagli S, Lombardi P, Bachtold A, Toninelli C, Reserbat-Plantey A, Koppens FHL. Electrical Control of Lifetime-Limited Quantum Emitters Using 2D Materials. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:3789-3795. [PMID: 31074994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state quantum emitters are a mainstay of quantum nanophotonics as integrated single-photon sources (SPS) and optical nanoprobes. Integrating such emitters with active nanophotonic elements is desirable in order to attain efficient control of their optical properties, but it typically degrades the photostability of the emitter itself. Here, we demonstrate a tunable hybrid device that integrates state of the art lifetime-limited single emitters (line width ∼40 MHz) and 2D materials at subwavelength separation without degradation of the emission properties. Our device's nanoscale dimensions enable ultrabroadband tuning (tuning range >400 GHz) and fast modulation (frequency ∼100 MHz) of the emission energy, which renders it an integrated, ultracompact tunable SPS. Conversely, this offers a novel approach to optical sensing of 2D material properties using a single emitter as a nanoprobe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin G Schädler
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels , Spain
| | - Carlotta Ciancico
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels , Spain
| | - Sofia Pazzagli
- LENS and CNR-INO , Via Nello Carrara 1 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia , Università di Firenze , Via Sansone 1 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Pietro Lombardi
- LENS and CNR-INO , Via Nello Carrara 1 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Adrian Bachtold
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels , Spain
| | - Costanza Toninelli
- LENS and CNR-INO , Via Nello Carrara 1 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
- QSTAR , Largo Fermi 2 , 50125 Firenze , Italy
| | - Antoine Reserbat-Plantey
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels , Spain
| | - Frank H L Koppens
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels , Spain
- ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerça i Estudis Avancats , 08010 Barcelona , Spain
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10
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Hao H, Ren J, Duan X, Lu G, Khoo IC, Gong Q, Gu Y. High-contrast switching and high-efficiency extracting for spontaneous emission based on tunable gap surface plasmon. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11244. [PMID: 30050152 PMCID: PMC6062572 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29624-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling spontaneous emission at optical scale lies in the heart of ultracompact quantum photonic devices, such as on-chip single photon sources, nanolasers and nanophotonic detectors. However, achiving a large modulation of fluorescence intensity and guiding the emitted photons into low-loss nanophotonic structures remain rather challenging issue. Here, using the liquid crystal-tuned gap surface plasmon, we theoretically demonstrate both a high-contrast switching of the spontaneous emission and high-efficiency extraction of the photons with a specially-designed tunable surface plasmon nanostructures. Through varying the refractive index of liquid crystal, the local electromagnetic field of the gap surface plasmon can be greatly modulated, thereby leading to the swithching of the spontaneous emission of the emitter placed at the nanoscale gap. By optimizing the material and geometrical parameters, the total decay rate can be changed from 103γ0 to 8750γ0, [γ0 is the spontaneous emission rate in vacuum] with the contrast ratio of 85. Further more, in the design also enables propagation of the emitted photons along the low-loss phase-matched nanofibers with a collection efficiency of more than 40%. The proposal provides a novel mechanism for simultaneously switching and extracting the spontaneous emitted photons in hybrid photonic nanostructures, propelling the implementation in on-chip tunable quantum devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Juanjuan Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xueke Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guowei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 020006, China
| | - Iam Choon Khoo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, 121 Electrical Engineering East, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 020006, China
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 020006, China.
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11
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Muduli S, Pandey P, Devatha G, Babar R, M T, Kothari DC, Kabir M, Pillai PP, Ogale S. Photoluminescence Quenching in Self-Assembled CsPbBr3
Quantum Dots on Few-Layer Black Phosphorus Sheets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subas Muduli
- Department of Physics and Centre for Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Padmini Pandey
- National Centre of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology; University of Mumbai, Kalina campus; Vidyanagari, Santacruz (E) Mumbai 400098 India
| | - Gayathri Devatha
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Rohit Babar
- Department of Physics and Centre for Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Thripuranthaka M
- Department of Physics and Centre for Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Dushyant C. Kothari
- National Centre of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology; University of Mumbai, Kalina campus; Vidyanagari, Santacruz (E) Mumbai 400098 India
| | - Mukul Kabir
- Department of Physics and Centre for Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Pramod P. Pillai
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Satishchandra Ogale
- Department of Physics and Centre for Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
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12
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Muduli S, Pandey P, Devatha G, Babar R, M T, Kothari DC, Kabir M, Pillai PP, Ogale S. Photoluminescence Quenching in Self-Assembled CsPbBr3
Quantum Dots on Few-Layer Black Phosphorus Sheets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:7682-7686. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subas Muduli
- Department of Physics and Centre for Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Padmini Pandey
- National Centre of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology; University of Mumbai, Kalina campus; Vidyanagari, Santacruz (E) Mumbai 400098 India
| | - Gayathri Devatha
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Rohit Babar
- Department of Physics and Centre for Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Thripuranthaka M
- Department of Physics and Centre for Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Dushyant C. Kothari
- National Centre of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology; University of Mumbai, Kalina campus; Vidyanagari, Santacruz (E) Mumbai 400098 India
| | - Mukul Kabir
- Department of Physics and Centre for Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Pramod P. Pillai
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Satishchandra Ogale
- Department of Physics and Centre for Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
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13
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Single-molecule studies beyond optical imaging: Multi-parameter single-molecule spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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14
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Cao S, Wang J, Ding Y, Sun M, Ma F. Visualization of weak interactions between quantum dot and graphene in hybrid materials. Sci Rep 2017; 7:417. [PMID: 28341858 PMCID: PMC5428686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00542-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of the weak interactions within hybrid materials such as quantum dot (QD) and graphene (GR) have important implications for the design of related optoelectronic devices. We characterize the weak interactions in hybrid QD-GR systems using a non-covalent interactions approach. For a single Cd13Se13 QD with a core-cage structure, the intensity of the steric repulsive strain in every Cd-Se spatial four-atom ring of the cage surface is stronger than that of the inter-core-cage structure. Van der Waals (vdW) interactions occur within the cavity of the cage and within the six-atom rings of the cage surface. The spatial repulsion strain and attractive interactions play a key role in stabilizing the structure of the monolayer graphene. Interestingly, the spatial six-atom ring of the single QD change into spatial four-atom rings of the QD in the hybrid system, accompanied by the translation of vdW interactions into steric repulsive interactions. We conclude that the vdW interactions with π extensions and the weak attractive interactions within local areas between the QD and graphene together stabilize the integral structure of the hybrid QD-GR system. These results explain of the formation mechanism and the stabilization of the components in QD-GR hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Cao
- Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, P.R. China
| | - Jingang Wang
- Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,Department of Physics, Shenyang Aerospace University, 110036, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yong Ding
- Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, P.R. China
| | - Mengtao Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China. .,Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.
| | - Fengcai Ma
- Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, P.R. China.
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15
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Graphene as a Reversible and Spectrally Selective Fluorescence Quencher. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33911. [PMID: 27652976 PMCID: PMC5031993 DOI: 10.1038/srep33911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We report reversible and spectrally selective fluorescence quenching of quantum dots (QDs) placed in close proximity to graphene. Controlling interband electronic transitions of graphene via electrostatic gating greatly modifies the fluorescence lifetime and intensity of nearby QDs via blocking of the nonradiative energy transfer between QDs and graphene. Using ionic liquid (IL) based electrolyte gating, we are able to control Fermi energy of graphene in the order of 1 eV, which yields electrically controllable fluorescence quenching of QDs in the visible spectrum. Indeed, our technique enables us to perform voltage controllable spectral selectivity among quantum dots at different emission wavelengths. We anticipate that our technique will provide tunable light-matter interaction and energy transfer that could yield hybrid QDs-graphene based optoelectronic devices with novel functionalities, and additionally, may be useful as a spectroscopic ruler, for example, in bioimaging and biomolecular sensing. We propose that graphene can be used as an electrically tunable and wavelength selective fluorescence quencher.
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16
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Lin W, Tian B, Zhuang P, Yin J, Zhang C, Li Q, Shih TM, Cai W. Graphene-Based Fluorescence-Quenching-Related Fermi Level Elevation and Electron-Concentration Surge. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:5737-5741. [PMID: 27513317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Intermolecular p-orbital overlaps in unsaturated π-conjugated systems, such as graphene and fluorescent molecules with aromatic structure, serve as the electron-exchanged path. Using Raman-mapping measurements, we observe that the fluorescence intensity of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) is quenched by graphene, whereas it persists in graphene-absent substrates (SiO2). After identifying a mechanism related to photon-induced electron transfer (PET) that contributes to this fluorescence quenching phenomenon, we validate this mechanism by conducting analyses on Dirac point shifts of FITC-coated graphene. From these shifts, Fermi level elevation and the electron-concentration surge in graphene upon visible-light impingements are acquired. Finally, according to this mechanism, graphene-based biosensors are fabricated to show the sensing capability of measuring fluorescently labeled-biomolecule concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Lin
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Pingping Zhuang
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Cankun Zhang
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Qiongyu Li
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Tien-Mo Shih
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361000, China
- Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Weiwei Cai
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361000, China
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17
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Ogletree DF, Schuck PJ, Weber-Bargioni AF, Borys NJ, Aloni S, Bao W, Barja S, Lee J, Melli M, Munechika K, Whitelam S, Wickenburg S. Revealing Optical Properties of Reduced-Dimensionality Materials at Relevant Length Scales. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:5693-5719. [PMID: 26332202 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201500930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Reduced-dimensionality materials for photonic and optoelectronic applications including energy conversion, solid-state lighting, sensing, and information technology are undergoing rapid development. The search for novel materials based on reduced-dimensionality is driven by new physics. Understanding and optimizing material properties requires characterization at the relevant length scale, which is often below the diffraction limit. Three important material systems are chosen for review here, all of which are under investigation at the Molecular Foundry, to illustrate the current state of the art in nanoscale optical characterization: 2D semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides; 1D semiconducting nanowires; and energy-transfer in assemblies of 0D semiconducting nanocrystals. For each system, the key optical properties, the principal experimental techniques, and important recent results are discussed. Applications and new developments in near-field optical microscopy and spectroscopy, scanning probe microscopy, and cathodoluminescence in the electron microscope are given detailed attention. Work done at the Molecular Foundry is placed in context within the fields under review. A discussion of emerging opportunities and directions for the future closes the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Frank Ogletree
- Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - P James Schuck
- Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Alexander F Weber-Bargioni
- Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Nicholas J Borys
- Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Shaul Aloni
- Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Wei Bao
- Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Sara Barja
- Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Jiye Lee
- Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Mauro Melli
- Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Keiko Munechika
- Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Stephan Whitelam
- Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Sebastian Wickenburg
- Molecular Foundry, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
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18
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Zhang W, Ren J, Zhang X. Tunable superradiance and quantum phase gate based on graphene wrapped nanowire. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:22347-22361. [PMID: 26368205 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.022347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between quantum emitters and graphene wrapped nanowire has been investigated using a Green's function technique. The eigenmodes for the graphene wrapped nanowire at various Fermi levels in graphene have been solved exactly. The Dicke subradiance and superradiance resulting from the graphene-mediated interaction have been observed. Based on these phenomena, we have proposed a scheme for a deterministic tunable two-qubit quantum phase gate. The "switching" effect for the quantum phase gate has been realized theoretically by changing an external voltage, which is very beneficial for the quantum-information processing.
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19
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Prasai D, Klots AR, Newaz AKM, Niezgoda JS, Orfield NJ, Escobar CA, Wynn A, Efimov A, Jennings GK, Rosenthal SJ, Bolotin KI. Electrical Control of near-Field Energy Transfer between Quantum Dots and Two-Dimensional Semiconductors. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:4374-4380. [PMID: 26027714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigate near-field energy transfer between chemically synthesized quantum dots (QDs) and two-dimensional semiconductors. We fabricate devices in which electrostatically gated semiconducting monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is placed atop a homogeneous self-assembled layer of core-shell CdSSe QDs. We demonstrate efficient nonradiative Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET) from QDs into MoS2 and prove that modest gate-induced variation in the excitonic absorption of MoS2 leads to large (∼500%) changes in the FRET rate. This in turn allows for up to ∼75% electrical modulation of QD photoluminescence intensity. The hybrid QD/MoS2 devices operate within a small voltage range, allow for continuous modification of the QD photoluminescence intensity, and can be used for selective tuning of QDs emitting in the visible-IR range.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A K M Newaz
- §Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California 94132, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Anatoly Efimov
- #Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, United States
| | | | - Sandra J Rosenthal
- ∇Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- ○Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
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20
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Ding S, Cargill AA, Das SR, Medintz IL, Claussen JC. Biosensing with Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Coupling between Fluorophores and Nanocarbon Allotropes. SENSORS 2015; 15:14766-87. [PMID: 26110411 PMCID: PMC4507682 DOI: 10.3390/s150614766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanocarbon allotropes (NCAs), including zero-dimensional carbon dots (CDs), one-dimensional carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and two-dimensional graphene, exhibit exceptional material properties, such as unique electrical/thermal conductivity, biocompatibility and high quenching efficiency, that make them well suited for both electrical/electrochemical and optical sensors/biosensors alike. In particular, these material properties have been exploited to significantly enhance the transduction of biorecognition events in fluorescence-based biosensing involving Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET). This review analyzes current advances in sensors and biosensors that utilize graphene, CNTs or CDs as the platform in optical sensors and biosensors. Widely utilized synthesis/fabrication techniques, intrinsic material properties and current research examples of such nanocarbon, FRET-based sensors/biosensors are illustrated. The future outlook and challenges for the research field are also detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Ding
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, 2104 Black Engineering, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Allison A Cargill
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, 2104 Black Engineering, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Suprem R Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, 2104 Black Engineering, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Igor L Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA.
| | - Jonathan C Claussen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, 2104 Black Engineering, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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21
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Federspiel F, Froehlicher G, Nasilowski M, Pedetti S, Mahmood A, Doudin B, Park S, Lee JO, Halley D, Dubertret B, Gilliot P, Berciaud S. Distance dependence of the energy transfer rate from a single semiconductor nanostructure to graphene. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:1252-8. [PMID: 25607231 DOI: 10.1021/nl5044192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The near-field Coulomb interaction between a nanoemitter and a graphene monolayer results in strong Förster-type resonant energy transfer and subsequent fluorescence quenching. Here, we investigate the distance dependence of the energy transfer rate from individual, (i) zero-dimensional CdSe/CdS nanocrystals and (ii) two-dimensional CdSe/CdS/ZnS nanoplatelets to a graphene monolayer. For increasing distances d, the energy transfer rate from individual nanocrystals to graphene decays as 1/d(4). In contrast, the distance dependence of the energy transfer rate from a two-dimensional nanoplatelet to graphene deviates from a simple power law but is well described by a theoretical model, which considers a thermal distribution of free excitons in a two-dimensional quantum well. Our results show that accurate distance measurements can be performed at the single particle level using graphene-based molecular rulers and that energy transfer allows probing dimensionality effects at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Federspiel
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg and NIE, UMR 7504, Université de Strasbourg and CNRS , 23 rue du Lœss, BP43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
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22
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Yu YJ, Kim KS, Nam J, Kwon SR, Byun H, Lee K, Ryou JH, Dupuis RD, Kim J, Ahn G, Ryu S, Ryu MY, Kim JS. Temperature-dependent resonance energy transfer from semiconductor quantum wells to graphene. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:896-902. [PMID: 25562118 DOI: 10.1021/nl503624j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Resonance energy transfer (RET) has been employed for interpreting the energy interaction of graphene combined with semiconductor materials such as nanoparticles and quantum-well (QW) heterostructures. Especially, for the application of graphene as a transparent electrode for semiconductor light emitting diodes, the mechanism of exciton recombination processes such as RET in graphene-semiconductor QW heterojunctions should be understood clearly. Here, we characterized the temperature-dependent RET behaviors in graphene/semiconductor QW heterostructures. We then observed the tuning of the RET efficiency from 5% to 30% in graphene/QW heterostructures with ∼60 nm dipole-dipole coupled distance at temperatures of 300 to 10 K. This survey allows us to identify the roles of localized and free excitons in the RET process from the QWs to graphene as a function of temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jun Yu
- Creative Research Center for Graphene Electronics, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI) , 218 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-700, Korea
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23
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Liu X, Qiu J. Recent advances in energy transfer in bulk and nanoscale luminescent materials: from spectroscopy to applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:8714-46. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00067j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We discuss optical energy transfer involving ions, QDs, molecules etc., together with the relevant applications in different areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Jianrong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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