1
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Amirtharaj S, Xie Z, Si Yu See J, Rolleri G, Malchow K, Chen W, Bouhelier A, Lörtscher E, Galland C. Light Emission and Conductance Fluctuations in Electrically Driven and Plasmonically Enhanced Molecular Junctions. ACS PHOTONICS 2024; 11:2388-2396. [PMID: 38911841 PMCID: PMC11191743 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.4c00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Electrically connected and plasmonically enhanced molecular junctions combine the optical functionalities of high field confinement and enhancement (cavity function), and of high radiative efficiency (antenna function) with the electrical functionalities of molecular transport. Such combined optical and electrical probes have proven useful for the fundamental understanding of metal-molecule contacts and contribute to the development of nanoscale optoelectronic devices including ultrafast electronics and nanosensors. Here, we employ a self-assembled metal-molecule-metal junction with a nanoparticle bridge to investigate correlated fluctuations in conductance and tunneling-induced light emission at room temperature. Despite the presence of hundreds of molecules in the junction, the electrical conductance and light emission are both highly sensitive to atomic-scale fluctuations-a phenomenology reminiscent of picocavities observed in Raman scattering and of luminescence blinking from photoexcited plasmonic junctions. Discrete steps in conductance associated with fluctuating emission intensities through the multiple plasmonic modes of the junction are consistent with a finite number of randomly localized, point-like sources dominating the optoelectronic response. Contrasting with these microscopic fluctuations, the overall plasmonic and electronic functionalities of our devices feature long-term survival at room temperature and under an electrical bias of a few volts, allowing for measurements over several months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthi
Priya Amirtharaj
- Institute
of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zhiyuan Xie
- Institute
of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Josephine Si Yu See
- Institute
of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Rolleri
- Institute
of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Konstantin Malchow
- Institute
of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wen Chen
- Institute
of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Bouhelier
- Laboratoire
Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne CNRS UMR 6303, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Emanuel Lörtscher
- IBM
Research Europe—Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Galland
- Institute
of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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2
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Hight MO, Wong JY, Pimentel AE, Su TA. Intramolecular London Dispersion Interactions in Single-Molecule Junctions. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4716-4726. [PMID: 38325000 PMCID: PMC10885141 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
This work shows the first example of using intramolecular London dispersion interactions to control molecular geometry and quantum transport in single-molecule junctions. Flexible σ-bonded molecular junctions typically occupy straight-chain geometries due to steric effects. Here, we synthesize a series of thiomethyl-terminated oligo(dimethylsilmethylene)s that bear [CH2-Si(CH3)2]n repeat units, where all backbone dihedral states are sterically equivalent. Scanning tunneling microscopy break-junction (STM-BJ) measurements and theoretical calculations indicate that in the absence of a strong steric bias concerted intramolecular London dispersion interactions staple the carbosilane backbone into coiled conformations that remain intact even as the junction is stretched to its breakpoint. As these kinked conformations are highly resistive to electronic transport, we observe record-high conductance decay values on an experimental junction length basis (β = 1.86 ± 0.12 Å-1). These studies reveal the potential of using intramolecular London dispersion interactions to design single-molecule electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew O Hight
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Joshua Y Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Ashley E Pimentel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Timothy A Su
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Materials Science & Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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3
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Mejía L, Cossio P, Franco I. Microscopic theory, analysis, and interpretation of conductance histograms in molecular junctions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7646. [PMID: 37996422 PMCID: PMC10667247 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular electronics break-junction experiments are widely used to investigate fundamental physics and chemistry at the nanoscale. Reproducibility in these experiments relies on measuring conductance on thousands of freshly formed molecular junctions, yielding a broad histogram of conductance events. Experiments typically focus on the most probable conductance, while the information content of the conductance histogram has remained unclear. Here we develop a microscopic theory for the conductance histogram by merging the theory of force-spectroscopy with molecular conductance. The procedure yields analytical equations that accurately fit the conductance histogram of a wide range of molecular junctions and augments the information content that can be extracted from them. Our formulation captures contributions to the conductance dispersion due to conductance changes during the mechanical elongation inherent to the experiments. In turn, the histogram shape is determined by the non-equilibrium stochastic features of junction rupture and formation. The microscopic parameters in the theory capture the junction's electromechanical properties and can be isolated from separate conductance and rupture force (or junction-lifetime) measurements. The predicted behavior can be used to test the range of validity of the theory, understand the conductance histograms, design molecular junction experiments with enhanced resolution and molecular devices with more reproducible conductance properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leopoldo Mejía
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Pilar Cossio
- Center for Computational Mathematics, Flatiron Institute, New York City, NY, 10010, USA
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, New York City, NY, 10010, USA
- Biophysics of Tropical Diseases Max Planck Tandem Group, University of Antioquia, 050010, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ignacio Franco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA.
- Department of Physics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA.
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4
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Reimers JR, Li T, Birvé AP, Yang L, Aragonès AC, Fallon T, Kosov DS, Darwish N. Controlling piezoresistance in single molecules through the isomerisation of bullvalenes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6089. [PMID: 37789027 PMCID: PMC10547723 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41674-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale electro-mechanical systems (NEMS) displaying piezoresistance offer unique measurement opportunities at the sub-cellular level, in detectors and sensors, and in emerging generations of integrated electronic devices. Here, we show a single-molecule NEMS piezoresistor that operates utilising constitutional and conformational isomerisation of individual diaryl-bullvalene molecules and can be switched at 850 Hz. Observations are made using scanning tunnelling microscopy break junction (STMBJ) techniques to characterise piezoresistance, combined with blinking (current-time) experiments that follow single-molecule reactions in real time. A kinetic Monte Carlo methodology (KMC) is developed to simulate isomerisation on the experimental timescale, parameterised using density-functional theory (DFT) combined with non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) calculations. Results indicate that piezoresistance is controlled by both constitutional and conformational isomerisation, occurring at rates that are either fast (equilibrium) or slow (non-equilibrium) compared to the experimental timescale. Two different types of STMBJ traces are observed, one typical of traditional experiments that are interpreted in terms of intramolecular isomerisation occurring on stable tipped-shaped metal-contact junctions, and another attributed to arise from junction‒interface restructuring induced by bullvalene isomerisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Reimers
- International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures and the Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Tiexin Li
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - André P Birvé
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Likun Yang
- International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures and the Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Albert C Aragonès
- Department of Materials Science and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Marti i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Thomas Fallon
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Daniel S Kosov
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia.
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5
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Pan X, Matthews K, Lawson B, Kamenetska M. Single-Molecule Conductance of Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding in Histamine on Gold. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:8327-8333. [PMID: 37695735 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
We perform single-molecule conductance measurements and DFT calculations on histamine, a biogenic amine that contains a flexible aliphatic linker and several nitrogen moieties with a potential for hydrogen bonding. Our study determines that junctions containing the free-base form of histamine can bridge through a molecular structure containing an intramolecular hydrogen bond. Conductance of this structure is higher than that through the saturated aliphatic linker. Flicker noise analysis of junction conductance confirms that transport occurs through the hydrogen bond and establishes a benchmark for noise measurements in hydrogen-bonded junctions. Overall, our work provides insights into the formation and conduction of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in single-molecule conductance measurements and into the conformations of the neurotransmitter histamine on noble metal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Katherine Matthews
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania 1904, United States
| | - Brent Lawson
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Maria Kamenetska
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Divistion of Material Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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6
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Kumar R, Seth C, Venkatramani R, Kaliginedi V. Do quantum interference effects manifest in acyclic aliphatic molecules with anchoring groups? NANOSCALE 2023; 15:15050-15058. [PMID: 37671581 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02140h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability to control single molecule electronic conductance is imperative for achieving functional molecular electronics applications such as insulation, switching, and energy conversion. Quantum interference (QI) effects are generally used to control electronic transmission through single molecular junctions by tuning the molecular structure or the position of the anchoring group(s) in the molecule. While previous studies focussed on the QI between σ and/or π channels of the molecular backbone, here, we show that single molecule electronic devices can be designed based on QI effects originating from the interactions of anchoring groups. Furthermore, while previous studies have concentrated on the QI mostly in conjugated/cyclic systems, our study showcases that QI effects can be harnessed even in the simplest acyclic aliphatic systems-alkanedithiols, alkanediamines, and alkanediselenols. We identify band gap state resonances in the transmission spectrum of these molecules whose positions and intensities depend on the chain length, and anchoring group sensitive QI between the nearly degenerate molecular orbitals localized on the anchoring groups. We predict that these QI features can be harnessed through an external mechanical stimulus to tune the charge transport properties of single molecules in the break-junction experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India.
| | - Charu Seth
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Ravindra Venkatramani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India.
| | - Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, India.
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7
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Wang M, Zhang J, Adijiang A, Zhao X, Tan M, Xu X, Zhang S, Zhang W, Zhang X, Wang H, Xiang D. Plasmon-Assisted Trapping of Single Molecules in Nanogap. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:3230. [PMID: 37110065 PMCID: PMC10144347 DOI: 10.3390/ma16083230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The manipulation of single molecules has attracted extensive attention because of their promising applications in chemical, biological, medical, and materials sciences. Optical trapping of single molecules at room temperature, a critical approach to manipulating the single molecule, still faces great challenges due to the Brownian motions of molecules, weak optical gradient forces of laser, and limited characterization approaches. Here, we put forward localized surface plasmon (LSP)-assisted trapping of single molecules by utilizing scanning tunneling microscope break junction (STM-BJ) techniques, which could provide adjustable plasmonic nanogap and characterize the formation of molecular junction due to plasmonic trapping. We find that the plasmon-assisted trapping of single molecules in the nanogap, revealed by the conductance measurement, strongly depends on the molecular length and the experimental environments, i.e., plasmon could obviously promote the trapping of longer alkane-based molecules but is almost incapable of acting on shorter molecules in solutions. In contrast, the plasmon-assisted trapping of molecules can be ignored when the molecules are self-assembled (SAM) on a substrate independent of the molecular length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoning Wang
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jieyi Zhang
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Adila Adijiang
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xueyan Zhao
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Min Tan
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaona Xu
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Surong Zhang
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Dong Xiang
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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8
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Vázquez H. Toward Density-Functional Theory-Based Structure-Conductance Relationships in Single Molecule Junctions. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9326-9331. [PMID: 36178209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A method is presented that allows for the calculation using density functional theory (DFT) of the tunneling conductance of single molecule junctions for thousands of junction structures. With a single scaling parameter, conductance is evaluated from clusters consisting of the molecule bonded to one Au atom at each end. Junction geometries are obtained without any constraints from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations at room temperature. This method accurately reproduces standard DFT-based conductance values for several molecular and electrode structures while reducing the computational cost by a factor of ∼400×, allowing for the conductance of tens of thousands of geometries to be computed. When applied to a pair of conjugated molecules, these large data sets quantify the effect on conductance of molecular structure or quantum chemical properties. This methodology enables reliable DFT-based conductance calculations at a negligible computational cost and opens the way to quantitative structure-conductance relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Vázquez
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, PragueCZ-162 00, Czech Republic
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9
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Arasu NP, Vázquez H. Development of Classical Force Fields for Interfaces between Single Molecules and Au. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:5031-5039. [PMID: 35880700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c02514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Interfaces between metals and organic materials play an essential role in molecular surface science, photovoltaics, or molecular electronics. Modeling the evolution of interface geometry over sufficiently long timescales requires an accurate parameterization of the relevant metal-molecule interactions. Here, we describe a method for calculating interface parameters from reference density functional theory calculations of small metal-molecule complexes. We apply this method to develop a parameter set for a series of metal-molecule-metal junctions. We study the dynamics of short oligophenyls with amine, methyl-sulfide, or direct Au-C links, which are bonded to Au(111) via small adatom structures. Nanosecond classical molecular dynamics simulations using the generated parameter set reveal insight into molecular degrees of freedom not accessible from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra P Arasu
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Héctor Vázquez
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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10
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Highly insulating alkane rings with destructive σ-interference. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1341-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Garner MH, Koerstz M, Jensen JH, Solomon GC. Substituent Control of σ-Interference Effects in the Transmission of Saturated Molecules. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2022; 2:282-288. [PMID: 36855417 PMCID: PMC9955259 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.2c00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The single-molecule conductance of saturated molecules can potentially be fully suppressed by destructive quantum interference in their σ-system. However, only few molecules with σ-interference have been identified, and the structure-property relationship remains to be elucidated. Here, we explore the role of substituents in modulating the electronic transmission of saturated molecules. In functionalized bicyclo[2.2.2]octanes, the transmission is suppressed by σ-interference when fluorine substituents are applied. For bicyclo[2.2.2]octasilane and -octagermanes, the transmission is suppressed when carbon-based substituents are used, and such molecules are likely to be highly insulating. For the carbon-based substituents, we find a strong correlation between the appropriate Hammett constants and the transmission. The substituent effect enables systematic optimization of the insulating properties of saturated molecular cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc H. Garner
- Nano-Science
Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark,Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Mads Koerstz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jan H. Jensen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Gemma C. Solomon
- Nano-Science
Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark,Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark,
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12
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Mejía L, Kleinekathöfer U, Franco I. Coherent and incoherent contributions to molecular electron transport. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:094302. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0079708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We numerically isolate the limits of validity of the Landauer approximation to describe charge transport along molecular junctions in condensed phase environments. To do so, we contrast Landauer with exact time-dependent non-equilibrium Green’s function quantum transport computations in a two-site molecular junction subject to exponentially correlated noise. Under resonant transport conditions, we find Landauer accuracy to critically depend on intramolecular interactions. By contrast, under nonresonant conditions, the emergence of incoherent transport routes that go beyond Landauer depends on charging and discharging processes at the electrode–molecule interface. In both cases, decreasing the rate of charge exchange between the electrodes and molecule and increasing the interaction strength with the thermal environment cause Landauer to become less accurate. The results are interpreted from a time-dependent perspective where the noise prevents the junction from achieving steady-state and from a fully quantum perspective where the environment introduces dephasing in the dynamics. Using these results, we analyze why the Landauer approach is so useful to understand experiments, isolate regimes where it fails, and propose schemes to chemically manipulate the degree of transport coherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leopoldo Mejía
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, USA
| | - Ulrich Kleinekathöfer
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ignacio Franco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, USA
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13
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Reimers JR, Yang J, Darwish N, Kosov DS. Silicon - single molecule - silicon circuits. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15870-15881. [PMID: 35024111 PMCID: PMC8672724 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04943g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2020, silicon - molecule - silicon junctions were fabricated and shown to be on average one third as conductive as traditional junctions made using gold electrodes, but in some instances to be even more conductive, and significantly 3 times more extendable and 5 times more mechanically stable. Herein, calculations are performed of single-molecule junction structure and conductivity pertaining to blinking and scanning-tunnelling-microscopy (STM) break junction (STMBJ) experiments performed using chemisorbed 1,6-hexanedithiol linkers. Some strikingly different characteristics are found compared to analogous junctions formed using the metals which, to date, have dominated the field of molecular electronics. In the STMBJ experiment, following retraction of the STM tip after collision with the substrate, unterminated silicon surface dangling bonds are predicted to remain after reaction of the fresh tips with the dithiol solute. These dangling bonds occupy the silicon band gap and are predicted to facilitate extraordinary single-molecule conductivity. Enhanced junction extendibility is attributed to junction flexibility and the translation of adsorbed molecules between silicon dangling bonds. The calculations investigate a range of junction atomic-structural models using density-functional-theory (DFT) calculations of structure, often explored at 300 K using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. These are aided by DFT calculations of barriers for passivation reactions of the dangling bonds. Thermally averaged conductivities are then evaluated using non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) methods. Countless applications through electronics, nanotechnology, photonics, and sensing are envisaged for this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Reimers
- International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures and School of Physics, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney NSW 2007 Australia
| | - Junhao Yang
- International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures and School of Physics, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Daniel S Kosov
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University Townsville QLD 4811 Australia
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14
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Zhu Y, Tan Z, Hong W. Simultaneous Electrical and Mechanical Characterization of Single-Molecule Junctions Using AFM-BJ Technique. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:30873-30888. [PMID: 34841131 PMCID: PMC8613807 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication and characterization of single-molecule junctions provide a unique platform to study the physical phenomena of a single molecule, and the electrical characterization enables us to understand the electrical transport properties of a single molecule and guide the fabrication of molecular electronic devices. However, the electrical characterization of single-molecule junctions is sometimes insufficient to extract the structural information on single-molecule junctions, and an alternate method to address this problem is to characterize the mechanical properties of single-molecule junctions. Simultaneous measurement of mechanical and electrical properties can provide complementary information on single molecules to analyze the correlations of their electrical and mechanical properties in the evolution of single-molecule junctions. In this mini-review, we summarize the progress on the simultaneous characterizations of mechanical and electrical properties for single-molecule junctions, and discuss the challenges and perspectives of this research area.
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15
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Skipper HE, May CV, Rheingold AL, Doerrer LH, Kamenetska M. Hard-Soft Chemistry Design Principles for Predictive Assembly of Single Molecule-Metal Junctions. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16439-16447. [PMID: 34582679 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The achievement of atomic control over the organic-inorganic interface is key to engineering electronic and spintronic properties of molecular devices. We leverage insights from inorganic chemistry to create hard-soft acid-base (HSAB) theory-derived design principles for incorporation of single molecules onto metal electrodes. A single molecule circuit is assembled via a bond between an organic backbone and an under-coordinated metal atom of the electrode surface, typically Au. Here, we study molecular composition factors affecting the junction assembly of coordination complexes containing transition metals atoms on Au electrodes. We employ hetero- and homobimetallic lantern complexes and systematically change the coordination environment to vary the character of the intramolecular bonds relative to the electrode-molecule interaction. We observe that trends in the robustness and chemical selectivity of single molecule junctions formed with a range of linkers correlate with HSAB principles, which have traditionally been used to guide atomic arrangements in the synthesis of coordination complexes. We find that this similarity between the intermolecular electrode-molecule bonding in a molecular circuit and the intramolecular bonds within a coordination complex has implications for the design of metal-containing complexes compatible with electrical measurements on metal electrodes. Our results here show that HSAB principles determine which intramolecular interactions can be compromised by inter molecule-electrode coordination; in particular on Au electrodes, soft-soft metal-ligand bonding is vulnerable to competition from soft-soft Au-linker bonding in the junction. Neutral donor-acceptor intramolecular bonds can be tuned by the Lewis acidity of the transition metal ion, suggesting future synthetic routes toward incorporation of transition metal atoms into molecular junctions for increased functionality of single molecule devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Skipper
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Claire V May
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Arnold L Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0332, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Linda H Doerrer
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States.,Division of Material Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Maria Kamenetska
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States.,Division of Material Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States.,Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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16
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Zhang B, Garner MH, Li L, Campos LM, Solomon GC, Venkataraman L. Destructive quantum interference in heterocyclic alkanes: the search for ultra-short molecular insulators. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10299-10305. [PMID: 34476051 PMCID: PMC8386164 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02287c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Designing highly insulating sub-nanometer molecules is difficult because tunneling conductance increases exponentially with decreasing molecular length. This challenge is further enhanced by the fact that most molecules cannot achieve full conductance suppression with destructive quantum interference. Here, we present results for a series of small saturated heterocyclic alkanes where we show that conductance is suppressed due to destructive interference. Using the STM-BJ technique and density functional theory calculations, we confirm that their single-molecule junction conductance is lower than analogous alkanes of similar length. We rationalize the suppression of conductance in the junctions through analysis of the computed ballistic current density. We find there are highly symmetric ring currents, which reverse direction at the antiresonance in the Landauer transmission near the Fermi energy. This pattern has not been seen in earlier studies of larger bicyclic systems exhibiting interference effects and constitutes clear-cut evidence of destructive σ-interference. The finding of heterocyclic alkanes with destructive quantum interference charts a pathway for chemical design of short molecular insulators using organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyuan Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York New York 10027 USA
| | - Marc H Garner
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York New York 10027 USA
| | - Luis M Campos
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York New York 10027 USA
| | - Gemma C Solomon
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York New York 10027 USA .,Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York New York 10027 USA
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17
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Role of the Binding Motifs in the Energy Level Alignment and Conductance of Amine-Gold Linked Molecular Junctions within DFT and DFT + Σ. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11020802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigate, using density functional theory (DFT), the electronic and conducting properties of benzenediamine connected to gold electrodes via different tip structures. We examine a series of binding motifs to the electrodes and calculate the junction spectral properties. We consider corrections to the position of molecular resonances at the junction and discuss different approaches to the calculation of these shifts. We relate the magnitude of these corrections to resonance energies to the atomistic structure of the tip. Benzenediamine DFT-based transmission spectra can be well approximated by a Lorentzian model involving only the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO). We show how benzenediamine calculated conductance values in quantitative agreement with previous experiments can be achieved from the combination of DFT-based spectra and corrections to the DFT-based HOMO energy and an accessible Lorentzian model.
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18
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Haidar E, Tawfik SA, Stampfl C, Hirao K, Yoshizawa K, Nakajima T, Soliman KA, El‐Nahas AM. Attenuation of Redox Switching and Rectification in Azulenequinones/Hydroquinones after B and N Doping: A First‐Principles Investigation. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202000203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- El‐Abed Haidar
- School of Physics The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | | | - Catherine Stampfl
- School of Physics The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Kimihiko Hirao
- RIKEN Center for Computational Science 7‐1‐26 Minatojima‐minami, Chuo Kobe 650‐0047 Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu University Nishi‐ku Fukuoka 819‐0395 Japan
| | - Takahito Nakajima
- RIKEN Center for Computational Science 7‐1‐26 Minatojima‐minami, Chuo Kobe 650‐0047 Japan
| | - Kamal A. Soliman
- Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Benha University Benha 13518 Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. El‐Nahas
- RIKEN Center for Computational Science 7‐1‐26 Minatojima‐minami, Chuo Kobe 650‐0047 Japan
- Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Menoufia University Shebin El‐Kom 32512 Egypt
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19
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Bhandari S, Yamada A, Hoskins A, Payne J, Aksu H, Dunietz BD. Achieving Predictive Description of Negative Differential Resistance in Molecular Junctions Using a Range‐Separated Hybrid Functional. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srijana Bhandari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Atsushi Yamada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Austin Hoskins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Jameson Payne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Huseyin Aksu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
- Department of Physics Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Canakkale 17100 Turkey
| | - Barry D. Dunietz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
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20
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Garner MH, Solomon GC. Simultaneous Suppression of π- and σ-Transmission in π-Conjugated Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:7400-7406. [PMID: 32787288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dielectric materials require ostensibly conflicting requirements of high polarizability and low conductivity. As previous efforts toward molecular insulators focused on saturated molecules, it remains an open question whether π- and σ-transport can be simultaneously suppressed in conjugated systems. Here, we demonstrate that there are conjugated molecules where the σ-transmission is suppressed by destructive σ-interference, while the π-transmission can be suppressed by a localized disruption of conjugation. Using density functional theory, we study the Landauer transmission and ballistic current density, which allow us to determine how the transmission is affected by various structural changes in the molecule. We find that in para-linked oligophenyl rings the σ-transmission can be suppressed by changing the remaining hydrogens to methyl groups due to the inherent gauche-like structure of the carbon backbone within a benzene ring, similar to what was previously seen in saturated systems. At the same time, the methyl groups fulfill a dual purpose as they modulate the twist angle between neighboring phenyl rings. When neighboring rings are orthogonal to each other, the transmission through both π- and σ-systems is effectively suppressed. Alternatively, breaking conjugation in a single phenyl ring by saturating two carbons atoms with two methyl substituents on each carbon, results in suppressed π- and σ-transport independent of dihedral angle. These two strategies demonstrate that methyl-substituted oligophenyls are promising candidates for the development of molecular dielectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc H Garner
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Gemma C Solomon
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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21
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Liu B, Murayama S, Komoto Y, Tsutsui M, Taniguchi M. Dissecting Time-Evolved Conductance Behavior of Single Molecule Junctions by Nonparametric Machine Learning. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6567-6572. [PMID: 32668163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Improved understanding of charge transport in single molecules is essential for utilizing their potential as circuit components at the nanosize limit. However, reliable analyses of varying tunneling current acquired by break junction experiments remain an ongoing challenge to find molecular feature structure-property relationships. In this work, we report on an unsupervised learning approach for investigating molecular signatures in conductance traces. Our hybrid machine learning algorithm compares grids of data in conductance-time domains and judges the similarity without any researcher-crafted parameters to identify fine molecular components that may otherwise be obscured by background fluctuations. We demonstrate its ability for classifying Au-alkanedithiol-Au conductance traces acquired with microfabricated mechanically controllable break junctions. The unbiased procedure was able to not only judge the presence or absence of the carbon chains in the electrode gap but also to identify multiple conductance states of the molecular tunneling junctions with different conformations. This finding may offer a useful tool for studying single-molecule properties using break junction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Sanae Murayama
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Yuki Komoto
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Makusu Tsutsui
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Masateru Taniguchi
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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22
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Jones LO, Mosquera MA, Fu B, Schatz GC, Marks TJ, Ratner MA. Quantum Interference and Substantial Property Tuning in Conjugated Z- ortho-Regio-Resistive Organic (ZORRO) Junctions. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:8956-8963. [PMID: 31682761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Coherence is a significant factor in nanoscale electronic insulator technology and necessitates an understanding of the structure-property relationship between constructive and destructive quantum interference. This is particularly important in organic dielectric circuitry, which is the subject of this work. It is known that molecular wires composed of (i) meta-substituted phenylene rings, (ii) cross-conjugated double bonds (orthogonal to the molecular long axis), and (iii) single bonds can dramatically reduce electrical transmission. Here we add to these tools the use of an unexplored molecular shape to create strong and counterintuitive interference: a fully conjugated molecular wire with a structure that is forced back on itself in a Z shape, thereby exhibiting remarkably low conductance (G = 0.43 × 10-9 S) even though the phenylene arrangements are ortho- rather than meta-disposed. We call these Z-shaped molecules having ultralow conduction Z-ortho-regio-resistive organics (ZORROs). Here we analyze a series of ZORRO molecules and find them to have significant insulating properties in the coherent electron-transport regime due to interfering transmission pathways in the phenylene rings. Importantly, we find that both electron-withdrawing (fluorine) and electron-donating (methoxy) substituents enhance the transmission, which is not desirable. The former is due to the suppression of the destructive quantum interference at the F site, thereby enhancing the overall transmission, much like a Büttiker probe. The latter is due to a methoxy unit resonance additive effect, akin to oxygen doping, and positively contributes to the transmission. We then examine the effects of replacing the phenylene rings with 4,5- and 3,4-disubstituted thiophenes and how this ZORRO modification further reduces the transmission. An ultralow conductance of 0.13 × 10-9 S and a relatively high dielectric constant (εr) of ∼5 are predicted for the 3,4-thiophene ZORRO derivative, which closely resembles two cross-conjugated units, making it an intriguing candidate for a gate dielectric material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leighton O Jones
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Martín A Mosquera
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Bo Fu
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Mark A Ratner
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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23
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Garner MH, Li H, Neupane M, Zou Q, Liu T, Su TA, Shangguan Z, Paley DW, Ng F, Xiao S, Nuckolls C, Venkataraman L, Solomon GC. Permethylation Introduces Destructive Quantum Interference in Saturated Silanes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:15471-15476. [PMID: 31500410 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The single-molecule conductance of silanes is suppressed due to destructive quantum interference in conformations with cisoid dihedral angles along the molecular backbone. Yet, despite the structural similarity, σ-interference effects have not been observed in alkanes. Here we report that the methyl substituents used in silanes are a prerequisite for σ-interference in these systems. Through density functional theory calculations, we find that the destructive interference is not evident to the same extent in nonmethylated silanes. We find the same is true in alkanes as the transmission is significantly suppressed in permethylated cyclic and bicyclic alkanes. Using scanning tunneling microscope break-junction method we determine the single-molecule conductance of functionalized cyclohexane and bicyclo[2.2.2]octane that are found to be higher than that of equivalent permethylated silanes. Rather than the difference between carbon and silicon atoms in the molecular backbones, our calculations reveal that it is primarily the difference between hydrogen and methyl substituents that result in the different electron transport properties of nonmethylated alkanes and permethylated silanes. Chemical substituents play an important role in determining the single-molecule conductance of saturated molecules, and this must be considered when we improve and expand the chemical design of insulating organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc H Garner
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Haixing Li
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States
| | - Madhav Neupane
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States
| | - Qi Zou
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States
| | - Taifeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States.,The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Optoelectronic Nano Materials and Devices Institute, Department of Chemistry , Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234 , China
| | - Timothy A Su
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States
| | - Zhichun Shangguan
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Optoelectronic Nano Materials and Devices Institute, Department of Chemistry , Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234 , China
| | - Daniel W Paley
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States
| | - Fay Ng
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States
| | - Shengxiong Xiao
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Optoelectronic Nano Materials and Devices Institute, Department of Chemistry , Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234 , China
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States
| | - Gemma C Solomon
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
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24
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Cui L, Hur S, Akbar ZA, Klöckner JC, Jeong W, Pauly F, Jang SY, Reddy P, Meyhofer E. Thermal conductance of single-molecule junctions. Nature 2019; 572:628-633. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1420-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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25
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Non-chemisorbed gold-sulfur binding prevails in self-assembled monolayers. Nat Chem 2019; 11:351-358. [PMID: 30833721 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-019-0216-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Gold-thiol contacts are ubiquitous across the physical and biological sciences in connecting organic molecules to surfaces. When thiols bind to gold in self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) the fate of the hydrogen remains a subject of profound debate-with implications for our understanding of their physical properties, spectroscopic features and formation mechanism(s). Exploiting measurements of the transmission through a molecular junction, which is highly sensitive to the nature of the molecule-electrode contact, we demonstrate here that the nature of the gold-sulfur bond in SAMs can be probed via single-molecule conductance measurements. Critically, we find that SAM measurements of dithiol-terminated molecular junctions yield a significantly lower conductance than solution measurements of the same molecule. Through numerous control experiments, conductance noise analysis and transport calculations based on density functional theory, we show that the gold-sulfur bond in SAMs prepared from the solution deposition of dithiols does not have chemisorbed character, which strongly suggests that under these widely used preparation conditions the hydrogen is retained.
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26
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Carlander U, Midander K, Hedberg YS, Johanson G, Bottai M, Karlsson HL. Macrophage-Assisted Dissolution of Gold Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:1006-1016. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yolanda S. Hedberg
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
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27
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In-situ formation of one-dimensional coordination polymers in molecular junctions. Nat Commun 2019; 10:262. [PMID: 30651534 PMCID: PMC6335403 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate the bottom-up in-situ formation of organometallic oligomer chains at the single-molecule level. The chains are formed using the mechanically controllable break junction technique operated in a liquid environment, and consist of alternating isocyano-terminated benzene monomers coordinated to gold atoms. We show that the chaining process is critically determined by the surface density of molecules. In particular, we demonstrate that by reducing the local supply of molecules within the junction, either by lowering the molecular concentration or by adding side groups, the oligomerization process can be suppressed. Our experimental results are supported by ab-initio simulations, confirming that the isocyano terminating groups display a high tendency to form molecular chains, as a result of their high affinity for gold. Our findings open the road for the controlled formation of one-dimensional, single coordination-polymer chains as promising model systems of organometallic frameworks. Organometallic frameworks have raised considerable interest in the area of nanoelectronics, but they are usually prepared at the ensemble level resulting in limited control. Vladyka et al. control the formation of single oligomer chains, unit by unit, in a mechanically controllable break-junction setup.
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28
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Saleh TM, Ahmed EA, Yu L, Kwak HH, Hussein KH, Park KM, Kang BJ, Choi KY, Kang KS, Woo HM. Incorporation of nanoparticles into transplantable decellularized matrices: Applications and challenges. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 41:421-430. [DOI: 10.1177/0391398818775522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Decellularization of tissues can significantly improve regenerative medicine and tissue engineering by producing natural, less immunogenic, three-dimensional, acellular matrices with high biological activity for transplantation. Decellularized matrices retain specific critical components of native tissues such as stem cell niche, various growth factors, and the ability to regenerate in vivo. However, recellularization and functionalization of these matrices remain limited, highlighting the need to improve the characteristics of decellularized matrices. Incorporating nanoparticles into decellularized tissues can overcome these limitations because nanoparticles possess unique properties such as multifunctionality and can modify the surface of decellularized matrices with additional growth factors, which can be loaded onto the nanoparticles. Therefore, in this minireview, we highlight the various approaches used to improve decellularized matrices with incorporation of nanoparticles and the challenges present in these applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M Saleh
- Department of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ebtehal A Ahmed
- Department of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Lina Yu
- Department of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Hyun Kwak
- Department of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kamal H Hussein
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Kyung-Mee Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Jae Kang
- Department of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Young Choi
- Department of Controlled Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Kang
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung-Myong Woo
- Department of Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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29
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Cabrera-Tinoco HA, Moreira ACL, de Melo CP. Generalized Breit-Wigner treatment of molecular transport: Charging effects in a single decanedithiol molecule. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:194304. [PMID: 30307241 DOI: 10.1063/1.5016284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We examine the relative contribution of ballistic and elastic cotunneling mechanisms to the charge transport through a single decanedithiol molecule linked to two terminal clusters of gold atoms. For this, we first introduced a conceptual model that permits a generalization of the Breit-Wigner scattering formalism where the cation, anion, and neutral forms of the molecule can participate with different probabilities of the charge transfer process, but in a simultaneous manner. We used a density functional theory treatment and considered the fixed geometry of each charge state to calculate the corresponding eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the extended system for different values of the external electric field. We have found that for the ballistic transport the HOMO and LUMO of the neutral species play a key role, while the charged states give a negligible contribution. On the other hand, an elastic cotunneling charge transfer can occur whenever a molecular orbital (MO) of the cation or anion species, even if localized in just one side of the molecule-gold clusters complex, has energy close to that of a delocalized MO of the neutral species. Under these conditions, a conduction channel is formed throughout the entire system, in a process that is controlled by the degree of resonance between the MOs involved. Our results indicate that while different charge transfer mechanisms contribute to the overall charge transport, quantum effects such as avoided-crossing situations between relevant frontier MOs can be of special importance. In these specific situations, the interchange of spatial localization of two MOs involved in the crossing can open a new channel of charge transfer that otherwise would not be available.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Augusto C L Moreira
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Celso P de Melo
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
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30
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Chen J, Isshiki H, Baretzky C, Balashov T, Wulfhekel W. Abrupt Switching of Crystal Fields during Formation of Molecular Contacts. ACS NANO 2018; 12:3280-3286. [PMID: 29565560 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b07927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic molecules have the potential to be used as building blocks for bits in quantum computers. The spin states of the magnetic ion in the molecule can be represented by the effective spin Hamiltonian describing the zero field splitting (ZFS) of the magnetic states. We determined the ZFS of mechanically flexible metal-chelate molecules (Co, Ni, and Cu as metal ions) adsorbed on Cu2N/Cu(100) by inelastic tunneling spectroscopy at temperatures down to 30 mK. When moving the tip toward the molecule, the tunneling current abruptly jumps to higher values, indicating the sudden deformation of the molecule bridging the tunneling junction. Hand in hand with the formation of the contact, an abrupt change of the ZFS occurs. This work also implies that ZFS expected in mechanical break junctions can drastically deviate from that of adsorbed molecules probed by other techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjie Chen
- Physikalisches Institut , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 1 , 76131 Karlsruhe , Germany
| | - Hironari Isshiki
- Physikalisches Institut , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 1 , 76131 Karlsruhe , Germany
| | - Clemens Baretzky
- Physikalisches Institut , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 1 , 76131 Karlsruhe , Germany
| | - Timofey Balashov
- Physikalisches Institut , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 1 , 76131 Karlsruhe , Germany
| | - Wulf Wulfhekel
- Physikalisches Institut , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 1 , 76131 Karlsruhe , Germany
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31
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Bellunato A, Vrbica SD, Sabater C, de Vos EW, Fermin R, Kanneworff KN, Galli F, van Ruitenbeek JM, Schneider GF. Dynamic Tunneling Junctions at the Atomic Intersection of Two Twisted Graphene Edges. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:2505-2510. [PMID: 29513997 PMCID: PMC5897863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of the transport properties of single molecules by flowing tunneling currents across extremely narrow gaps is relevant for challenges as diverse as the development of molecular electronics and sequencing of DNA. The achievement of well-defined electrode architectures remains a technical challenge, especially due to the necessity of high precision fabrication processes and the chemical instability of most bulk metals. Here, we illustrate a continuously adjustable tunneling junction between the edges of two twisted graphene sheets. The unique property of the graphene electrodes is that the sheets are rigidly supported all the way to the atomic edge. By analyzing the tunneling current characteristics, we also demonstrate that the spacing across the gap junction can be controllably adjusted. Finally, we demonstrate the transition from the tunneling regime to contact and the formation of an atomic-sized junction between the two edges of graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amedeo Bellunato
- Faculty
of Science, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg
55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sasha D. Vrbica
- Faculty
of Science, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos Sabater
- Faculty
of Science, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik W. de Vos
- Faculty
of Science, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Remko Fermin
- Faculty
of Science, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten N. Kanneworff
- Faculty
of Science, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Federica Galli
- Faculty
of Science, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan M. van Ruitenbeek
- Faculty
of Science, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Grégory F. Schneider
- Faculty
of Science, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg
55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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32
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Lauritzen KP, Magyarkuti A, Balogh Z, Halbritter A, Solomon GC. Classification of conductance traces with recurrent neural networks. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:084111. [PMID: 29495782 DOI: 10.1063/1.5012514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a new automated method for structural classification of the traces obtained in break junction experiments. Using recurrent neural networks trained on the traces of minimal cross-sectional area in molecular dynamics simulations, we successfully separate the traces into two classes: point contact or nanowire. This is done without any assumptions about the expected features of each class. The trained neural network is applied to experimental break junction conductance traces, and it separates the classes as well as the previously used experimental methods. The effect of using partial conductance traces is explored, and we show that the method performs equally well using full or partial traces (as long as the trace just prior to breaking is included). When only the initial part of the trace is included, the results are still better than random chance. Finally, we show that the neural network classification method can be used to classify experimental conductance traces without using simulated results for training, but instead training the network on a few representative experimental traces. This offers a tool to recognize some characteristic motifs of the traces, which can be hard to find by simple data selection algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper P Lauritzen
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - András Magyarkuti
- Department of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Condensed Matter Research Group, Budafoki ut 8, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Balogh
- Department of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Condensed Matter Research Group, Budafoki ut 8, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Halbritter
- Department of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Condensed Matter Research Group, Budafoki ut 8, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gemma C Solomon
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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33
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Mejía L, Renaud N, Franco I. Signatures of Conformational Dynamics and Electrode-Molecule Interactions in the Conductance Profile During Pulling of Single-Molecule Junctions. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:745-750. [PMID: 29369638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b03323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that conductance can act as a sensitive probe of conformational dynamics and electrode-molecule interactions during the equilibrium and nonequilibrium pulling of molecular junctions. To do so, we use a combination of classical molecular dynamics simulations and Landauer electron transport computations to investigate the conductance of a family of Au-alkanedithiol-Au junctions as they are mechanically elongated. The simulations show an overall decay of the conductance during pulling that is due to a decrease in the through-space electrode-molecule interactions, and that sensitivity depends on the electrode geometry. In addition, characteristic kinks induced by level alignment shifts (and to a lesser extent by quantum destructive interference) were also observed superimposed to the overall decay during pulling simulations. The latter effect depends on the variation of the molecular dihedral angles during pulling and therefore offers an efficient solution to experimentally monitor conformational dynamics at the single-molecule limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leopoldo Mejía
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
| | - Nicolas Renaud
- Netherlands eScience Center , Science Park 140 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ignacio Franco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
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34
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Kim Y, Bahoosh SG, Sysoiev D, Huhn T, Pauly F, Scheer E. Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy of difurylethene-based photochromic single-molecule junctions. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 8:2606-2614. [PMID: 29259875 PMCID: PMC5727803 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Diarylethene-derived molecules alter their electronic structure upon transformation between the open and closed forms of the diarylethene core, when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) or visible light. This transformation results in a significant variation of electrical conductance and vibrational properties of corresponding molecular junctions. We report here a combined experimental and theoretical analysis of charge transport through diarylethene-derived single-molecule devices, which are created using the mechanically controlled break-junction technique. Inelastic electron tunneling (IET) spectroscopy measurements performed at 4.2 K are compared with first-principles calculations in the two distinct forms of diarylethenes connected to gold electrodes. The combined approach clearly demonstrates that the IET spectra of single-molecule junctions show specific vibrational features that can be used to identify different isomeric molecular states by transport experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngsang Kim
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Lam Research, Fremont, California 94538, United States
| | - Safa G Bahoosh
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Dmytro Sysoiev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Thomas Huhn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Fabian Pauly
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0395, Japan
| | - Elke Scheer
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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35
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Taniguchi M. Single-Molecule Analysis Methods Using Nanogap Electrodes and Their Application to DNA Sequencing Technologies. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masateru Taniguchi
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047
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36
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Pérez-Hernández M, Moros M, Stepien G, Del Pino P, Menao S, de Las Heras M, Arias M, Mitchell SG, Pelaz B, Gálvez EM, de la Fuente JM, Pardo J. Multiparametric analysis of anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of gold nanoprisms on mouse and human primary and transformed cells, biodistribution and toxicity in vivo. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:41. [PMID: 29073907 PMCID: PMC5658988 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0222-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The special physicochemical properties of gold nanoprisms make them very useful for biomedical applications including biosensing and cancer therapy. However, it is not clear how gold nanoprisms may affect cellular physiology including viability and other critical functions. We report a multiparametric investigation on the impact of gold-nanoprisms on mice and human, transformed and primary cells as well as tissue distribution and toxicity in vivo after parental injection. Methods Cellular uptake of the gold-nanoprisms (NPRs) and the most crucial parameters of cell fitness such as generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondria membrane potential, cell morphology and apoptosis were systematically assayed in cells. Organ distribution and toxicity including inflammatory response were analysed in vivo in mice at 3 days or 4 months after parental administration. Results Internalized gold-nanoprisms have a significant impact in cell morphology, mitochondrial function and ROS production, which however do not affect the potential of cells to proliferate and form colonies. In vivo NPRs were only detected in spleen and liver at 3 days and 4 months after administration, which correlated with some changes in tissue architecture. However, the main serum biochemical markers of organ damage and inflammation (TNFα and IFNγ) remained unaltered even after 4 months. In addition, animals did not show any macroscopic sign of toxicity and remained healthy during all the study period. Conclusion Our data indicate that these gold-nanoprisms are neither cytotoxic nor cytostatic in transformed and primary cells, and suggest that extensive parameters should be analysed in different cell types to draw useful conclusions on nanomaterials safety. Moreover, although there is a tendency for the NPRs to accumulate in liver and spleen, there is no observable negative impact on animal health. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12989-017-0222-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pérez-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Aragón (CIBA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - María Moros
- Instituto Universitario de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain.,Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems-CNR, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Grazyna Stepien
- Fundación Instituto Universitario de Nanociencia de Aragón (FINA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBER in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pablo Del Pino
- Instituto Universitario de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biológica y Materiales Moleculares (CiQUS) y Departamento de Física de Partículas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sebastián Menao
- Departamento de Bioquímica clínica. H.C.U. Lozano Blesa, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marcelo de Las Heras
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Maykel Arias
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Aragón (CIBA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Scott G Mitchell
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pelaz
- Instituto Universitario de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biológica y Materiales Moleculares (CiQUS) y Departamento de Física de Partículas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eva M Gálvez
- Instituto de Carboquímica ICB-CSIC, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús M de la Fuente
- CIBER in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Julián Pardo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Aragón (CIBA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain.,Departamento de Microbiología, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.,Aragón I+D Foundation (ARAID), Gobierno de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
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37
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Nachman N, Selzer Y. Thermometry of Plasmonic Heating by Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy (IETS). NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:5855-5861. [PMID: 28834435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The electronic and lattice heating accompanying plasmonic structures under illumination is suggested to be utilized in a broad range of thermoplasmonic applications. Specifically, in molecular electronics precise determination of the temperature of illuminated junctions is crucial, because the temperature-dependent energy distribution of charge carriers in the leads affects the possibility to steer various light-controlled conductance processes. Existing optical methods to characterize the local temperature in all these applications lack the spatial resolution to probe the few nanometers in size hot spots and therefore typically report average values over a diffraction limited length scale. Here we demonstrate that inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy of molecular junctions based on thiol-alkyl chains can be used to precisely measure the temperature of metal nanoscale gaps under illumination. The nature of this measurement guarantees that the reported temperature indeed characterizes the confined volume in which heat is produced by the relaxation of hot carriers. Using a simple model, we suggest that the accuracy of the method enables also one to semiquantify the energy distribution of the hot carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirit Nachman
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Yoram Selzer
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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38
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Kim YH, Kim HS, Lee J, Tsutsui M, Kawai T. Stretching-Induced Conductance Variations as Fingerprints of Contact Configurations in Single-Molecule Junctions. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:8286-8294. [PMID: 28537729 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b03393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Molecule-electrode contact atomic structures are a critical factor that characterizes molecular devices, but their precise understanding and control still remain elusive. Based on combined first-principles calculations and single-molecule break junction experiments, we herein establish that the conductance of alkanedithiolate junctions can both increase and decrease with mechanical stretching, and the specific trend is determined by the S-Au linkage coordination number (CN) or the molecule-electrode contact atomic structure. Specifically, we find that the mechanical pulling results in the conductance increase for the junctions based on S-Au CN two and CN three contacts, while the conductance is minimally affected by stretching for junctions with the CN one contact and decreases upon the formation of Au monatomic chains. Detailed analysis unravels the mechanisms involving the competition between the stretching-induced upshift of the highest occupied molecular orbital-related states toward the Fermi level of electrodes and the deterioration of molecule-electrode electronic couplings in different contact CN cases. Moreover, we experimentally find a higher chance to observe the conductance enhancement mode under a faster elongation speed, which is explained by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations that reveal an important role of thermal fluctuations in aiding deformations of contacts into low-coordination configurations that include monatomic Au chains. Pointing out the insufficiency in previous notions of associating peak values in conductance histograms with specific contact atomic structures, this work resolves the controversy on the origins of ubiquitous multiple conductance peaks in S-Au-based single-molecule junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hoon Kim
- Graduate School of Energy, Environment, Water, and Sustainability, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Hu Sung Kim
- Graduate School of Energy, Environment, Water, and Sustainability, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Juho Lee
- Graduate School of Energy, Environment, Water, and Sustainability, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Makusu Tsutsui
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University , 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Tomoji Kawai
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University , 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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39
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Feliu N, Docter D, Heine M, Del Pino P, Ashraf S, Kolosnjaj-Tabi J, Macchiarini P, Nielsen P, Alloyeau D, Gazeau F, Stauber RH, Parak WJ. In vivo degeneration and the fate of inorganic nanoparticles. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 45:2440-57. [PMID: 26862602 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00699f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
What happens to inorganic nanoparticles (NPs), such as plasmonic gold or silver, superparamagnetic iron oxide, or fluorescent quantum dot NPs after they have been administrated to a living being? This review discusses the integrity, biodistribution, and fate of NPs after in vivo administration. The hybrid nature of the NPs is described, conceptually divided into the inorganic core, the engineered surface coating comprising of the ligand shell and optionally also bio-conjugates, and the corona of adsorbed biological molecules. Empirical evidence shows that all of these three compounds may degrade individually in vivo and can drastically modify the life cycle and biodistribution of the whole heterostructure. Thus, the NPs may be decomposed into different parts, whose biodistribution and fate would need to be analyzed individually. Multiple labeling and quantification strategies for such a purpose will be discussed. All reviewed data indicate that NPs in vivo should no longer be considered as homogeneous entities, but should be seen as inorganic/organic/biological nano-hybrids with complex and intricately linked distribution and degradation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Feliu
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Ear, Nose and Throat, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden and Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Dominic Docter
- Department of Nanobiomedicine, ENT/University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Markus Heine
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Pablo Del Pino
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany. and Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain and CIC biomaGUNE, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Sumaira Ashraf
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Jelena Kolosnjaj-Tabi
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057 CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
| | - Paolo Macchiarini
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Ear, Nose and Throat, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Nielsen
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Damien Alloyeau
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR 7162 CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
| | - Florence Gazeau
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057 CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
| | - Roland H Stauber
- Department of Nanobiomedicine, ENT/University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany. and CIC biomaGUNE, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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40
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Carey R, Chen L, Gu B, Franco I. When can time-dependent currents be reproduced by the Landauer steady-state approximation? J Chem Phys 2017; 146:174101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4981915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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41
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Hybertsen MS. Modeling single molecule junction mechanics as a probe of interface bonding. J Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4975769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mark S. Hybertsen
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
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42
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Wang K, Xu B. Modulation and Control of Charge Transport Through Single-Molecule Junctions. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2017; 375:17. [PMID: 28120303 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0105-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The ability to modulate and control charge transport though single-molecule junction devices is crucial to achieving the ultimate goal of molecular electronics: constructing real-world-applicable electronic components from single molecules. This review aims to highlight the progress made in single-molecule electronics, emphasizing the development of molecular junction electronics in recent years. Among many techniques that attempt to wire a molecule to metallic electrodes, the single-molecule break junction (SMBJ) technique is one of the most reliable and tunable experimental platforms for achieving metal-molecule-metal configurations. It also provides great freedom to tune charge transport through the junction. Soon after the SMBJ technique was introduced, it was extensively used to measure the conductances of individual molecules; however, different conductances were obtained for the same molecule, and it proved difficult to interpret this wide distribution of experimental data. This phenomenon was later found to be mainly due to a lack of precise experimental control and advanced data analysis methods. In recent years, researchers have directed considerable effort into advancing the SMBJ technique by gaining a deeper physical understanding of charge transport through single molecules and thus enhancing its potential applicability in functional molecular-scale electronic devices, such as molecular diodes and molecular transistors. In parallel with that research, novel data analysis methods and approaches that enable the discovery of hidden yet important features in the data are being developed. This review discusses various aspects of molecular junction electronics, from the initial goal of molecular electronics, the development of experimental techniques for creating single-molecule junctions and determining single-molecule conductance, to the characterization of functional current-voltage features and the investigation of physical properties other than charge transport. In addition, the development of advanced data analysis methods is considered, as they are critical to gaining detailed physical insight into the underlying transport mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and NanoSEC, University of Georgia, 220 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Bingqian Xu
- College of Engineering and NanoSEC, University of Georgia, 220 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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43
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Tschudi SE, Reuter MG. Estimating the Landauer-Büttiker transmission function from single molecule break junction experiments. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:425203. [PMID: 27623441 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/42/425203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
When investigating the electronic response properties of molecules, experiments often measure conductance whereas computation predicts the transmission probability. Although Landauer-Büttiker theory usually relates the two, comparison between experiment and computation remains difficult because experimental data (specifically those from break junctions) are statistical and computational results are deterministic. In this work we develop tools to quantitatively estimate-with error bars-the shape of the Landauer-Büttiker transmission function directly from experimental statistics on conductance and thermopower (if the latter is also available). We subsequently apply these tools to existing data, demonstrating a rigorous statistical comparison between experimental and computational results on molecular electron transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E Tschudi
- Department of Applied Mathematics & Statistics and Institute for Advanced Computational Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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44
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Karimi MA, Bahoosh SG, Valášek M, Bürkle M, Mayor M, Pauly F, Scheer E. Identification of the current path for a conductive molecular wire on a tripodal platform. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:10582-10590. [PMID: 27163116 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr08708b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present the chemical synthesis as well as charge transport measurements and calculations for a new tripodal platform based on a rigid 9,9'-spirobifluorene equipped with a phenylene-ethynylene wire. The transport experiments are performed with the help of the low-temperature mechanically controlled break junction technique with gold electrodes. By combining experimental and theoretical investigations of elastic and inelastic charge transport, we show that the current proceeds through the designated molecular wire and identify a binding geometry that is compatible with the experimental observations. The conductive molecular wire on the platform features a well-defined and relatively high conductance of the order of 10(-3)G0 despite the length of the current path of more than 1.7 nm, demonstrating that this platform is suitable to incorporate functional units like molecular switches or sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Karimi
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
| | - S G Bahoosh
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
| | - M Valášek
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Bürkle
- Nanosystem Research Institute (NRI) 'RICS', National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - M Mayor
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany and Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland and Lehn Institute of Functional Materials (LIFM), Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Xingang Rd. W., Guangzhou, China
| | - F Pauly
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
| | - E Scheer
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
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45
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Wang K, Xu B. Electron tunneling through molecule-electrode contacts of single alkane molecular junctions: experimental determination and a practical barrier model. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:9569-76. [PMID: 26988278 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07945d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An advanced understanding of the molecule-electrode contact interfaces of single-molecule junctions is a necessity for real world application of future single-molecule devices. This study aims to elucidate the change in the contact tunnelling barrier induced by junction extension and how this change affects the resulting junction conductance. The contact barrier of Au-octanedithiol/octanediamine-Au junctions was studied under triangle (TRI) mechanical modulations using the modified scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) break junction technique. The experimental results reveal that as the junction separation extends, the contact barrier of octanedithiol follows a unique trend, a linear increase followed by a plateau in barrier height, which is in contrast to that of octanediamine, a nearly rectangle barrier. We propose a modified contact barrier model for the unique barrier shape of octanedithiol, based on which the calculation agrees well with the experimental data. This study shows unprecedented experimental features of the molecule-electrode contact barrier of single-molecule junctions and provides new insights into the nature of contact effect in determining electron transport through single-molecule junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Single Molecule Study Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA.
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46
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Hybertsen MS, Venkataraman L. Structure-Property Relationships in Atomic-Scale Junctions: Histograms and Beyond. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:452-60. [PMID: 26938931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 10 years, there has been tremendous progress in the measurement, modeling and understanding of structure-function relationships in single molecule junctions. Numerous research groups have addressed significant scientific questions, directed both to conductance phenomena at the single molecule level and to the fundamental chemistry that controls junction functionality. Many different functionalities have been demonstrated, including single-molecule diodes, optically and mechanically activated switches, and, significantly, physical phenomena with no classical analogues, such as those based on quantum interference effects. Experimental techniques for reliable and reproducible single molecule junction formation and characterization have led to this progress. In particular, the scanning tunneling microscope based break-junction (STM-BJ) technique has enabled rapid, sequential measurement of large numbers of nanoscale junctions allowing a statistical analysis to readily distinguish reproducible characteristics. Harnessing fundamental link chemistry has provided the necessary chemical control over junction formation, enabling measurements that revealed clear relationships between molecular structure and conductance characteristics. Such link groups (amines, methylsuflides, pyridines, etc.) maintain a stable lone pair configuration that selectively bonds to specific, undercoordinated transition metal atoms available following rupture of a metal point contact in the STM-BJ experiments. This basic chemical principle rationalizes the observation of highly reproducible conductance signatures. Subsequently, the method has been extended to probe a variety of physical phenomena ranging from basic I-V characteristics to more complex properties such as thermopower and electrochemical response. By adapting the technique to a conducting cantilever atomic force microscope (AFM-BJ), simultaneous measurement of the mechanical characteristics of nanoscale junctions as they are pulled apart has given complementary information such as the stiffness and rupture force of the molecule-metal link bond. Overall, while the BJ technique does not produce a single molecule circuit for practical applications, it has proved remarkably versatile for fundamental studies. Measured data and analysis have been combined with atomic-scale theory and calculations, typically performed for representative junction structures, to provide fundamental physical understanding of structure-function relationships. This Account integrates across an extensive series of our specific nanoscale junction studies which were carried out with the STM- and AFM-BJ techniques and supported by theoretical analysis and density functional theory based calculations, with emphasis on the physical characteristics of the measurement process and the rich data sets that emerge. Several examples illustrate the impact of measured trends based on the most probable values for key characteristics (obtained from ensembles of order 1000-10 000 individual junctions) to build a solid picture of conductance phenomena as well as attributes of the link bond chemistry. The key forward-looking question posed here is the extent to which the full data sets represented by the individual trajectories can be analyzed to address structure-function questions at the level of individual junctions. Initial progress toward physical modeling of conductance of individual junctions indicates trends consistent with physical junction structures. Analysis of junction mechanics reveals a scaling procedure that collapses existing data onto a universal force-extension curve. This research directed to understanding the distribution of structures and physical characteristics addresses fundamental questions concerning the interplay between chemical control and stochastically driven diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S. Hybertsen
- Center
for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department
of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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47
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Effects of stretching and compression on conducting properties of an Au–alkanedithiol–Au molecular junction. Chem Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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48
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Liu R, Wang CK, Li ZL. A method to study electronic transport properties of molecular junction: one-dimension transmission combined with three-dimension correction approximation (OTCTCA). Sci Rep 2016; 6:21946. [PMID: 26911451 PMCID: PMC4766509 DOI: 10.1038/srep21946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the ab initio calculation, a method of one-dimension transmission combined with three-dimension correction approximation (OTCTCA) is developed to investigate electron-transport properties of molecular junctions. The method considers that the functional molecule provides a spatial distribution of effective potential field for the electronic transport. The electrons are injected from one electrode by bias voltage, then transmit through the potential field around the functional molecule, at last are poured into the other electrode with a specific transmission probability which is calculated from one-dimension Schrödinger equation combined with three-dimension correction. The electron-transport properties of alkane diamines and 4, 4′-bipyridine molecular junctions are studied by applying OTCTCA method. The numerical results show that the conductance obviously exponentially decays with the increase of molecular length. When stretching molecular junctions, steps with a certain width are presented in conductance traces. Especially, in stretching process of 4, 4′-bipyridine molecular junction, if the terminal N atom is broken from flat part of electrode tip and exactly there is a surface Au atom on the tip nearby the N atom, the molecule generally turns to absorb on the surface Au atom, which further results in another lower conductance step in the traces as the experimental probing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Chuan-Kui Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Zong-Liang Li
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
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49
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Villagómez CJ, Castanié F, Momblona C, Gauthier S, Zambelli T, Bouju X. Adsorption of single 1,8-octanedithiol molecules on Cu(100). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:27521-27528. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04449b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
STM experiments and calculations have allowed identifying the most favorable conformation of a single octanedithiol molecule on a copper surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J. Villagómez
- Instituto de Física
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Mexico
- CEMES-CNRS
- 31055 Toulouse Cedex 4
| | - Fabien Castanié
- CEMES-CNRS
- 31055 Toulouse Cedex 4
- France
- Université de Toulouse
- UPS
| | - Cristina Momblona
- CEMES-CNRS
- 31055 Toulouse Cedex 4
- France
- Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragoń (INA)
- Edificio i+d
| | | | - Tomaso Zambelli
- CEMES-CNRS
- 31055 Toulouse Cedex 4
- France
- Swiss Fed. Inst. Technlo
- Inst. Biomed. Engn
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50
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Ding W, Koepf M, Koenigsmann C, Batra A, Venkataraman L, Negre CFA, Brudvig GW, Crabtree RH, Schmuttenmaer CA, Batista VS. Computational Design of Intrinsic Molecular Rectifiers Based on Asymmetric Functionalization of N-Phenylbenzamide. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:5888-96. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendu Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New
Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O.
Box 27394, West Haven, Connecticut 06516-7394, United States
| | - Matthieu Koepf
- Yale Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O.
Box 27394, West Haven, Connecticut 06516-7394, United States
| | - Christopher Koenigsmann
- Yale Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O.
Box 27394, West Haven, Connecticut 06516-7394, United States
| | - Arunabh Batra
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Christian F. A. Negre
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New
Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O.
Box 27394, West Haven, Connecticut 06516-7394, United States
| | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New
Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O.
Box 27394, West Haven, Connecticut 06516-7394, United States
| | - Robert H. Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New
Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O.
Box 27394, West Haven, Connecticut 06516-7394, United States
| | - Charles A. Schmuttenmaer
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New
Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O.
Box 27394, West Haven, Connecticut 06516-7394, United States
| | - Victor S. Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New
Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O.
Box 27394, West Haven, Connecticut 06516-7394, United States
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