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Yu H, Jeong I, Jang S, Kim D, Im HN, Lee CW, Wachsman ED, Lee KT. Lowering the Temperature of Solid Oxide Electrochemical Cells Using Triple-Doped Bismuth Oxides. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306205. [PMID: 37847822 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite the great potential of solid oxide electrochemical cells (SOCs) as highly efficient energy conversion devices, the undesirable high operating temperature limits their wider applicability. Herein, a novel approach to developing high-performance low-temperature SOCs (LT-SOCs) is presented through the use of an Er, Y, and Zr triple-doped bismuth oxide (EYZB). This study demonstrates that EYZB exhibits > 147 times higher ionic conductivity of 0.44 S cm-1 at 600 °C compared to commercial Y-stabilized zirconia electrolyte with excellent stability over 1000 h. By rationally incorporating EYZB in composite electrodes and bilayer electrolytes, the zirconia-based electrolyte LT-SOC achieves the unprecedentedly high performance of 3.45 and 2.02 W cm-2 in the fuel cell mode and 2.08 and 0.95 A cm-2 in the electrolysis cell mode at 700 °C and 600 °C, respectively. Further, a distinctive microstructural feature of EYZB that largely extends triple phase boundary at the interface is revealed through digital twinning. This work provides insights for developing high-performance LT-SOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongmin Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Incheol Jeong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungsoo Jang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyeub Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Ni Im
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Woo Lee
- Computational Science and Engineering Laboratory, KIER, Daejeon, 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Eric D Wachsman
- Maryland Energy Innovation Institute, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Kang Taek Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Graduate School of Green Growth & Sustainability, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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2
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Impact of Preparation Method and Y2O3 Content on the Properties of the YSZ Electrolyte. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15072565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This study is an effort to cover and interconnect multiple aspects of the fabrication of the yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) from powder preparation to a solid electrolyte suitable for utilization in solid oxide cells. Thus, a series of YSZ electrolytes was prepared, differing in the content of the Y2O3 dopant and in the method of preparation. Combustion synthesis along with the thermal decomposition of precursors was used for YSZ powder synthesis with a dopant content of 8 to 18 mol.%. Post-synthesis treatment of the powder was necessary for achieving satisfactory quality of the subsequent sintering step. The morphology analyses of the YSZ powders and sintered electrolytes produced proved that small particles with a uniform size distribution are essential for obtaining a dense electrolyte. Furthermore, the conductivity of YSZ electrolytes with different Y2O3 contents was examined in the temperature range of 400 to 800 °C. The lowest conductivity was found for the sample with the highest Y2O3 content. The obtained results enable the preparation methods, YSZ powder morphology, and composition to be connected to the mechanical and electrochemical properties of the YSZ electrolyte. Thus, this study links every step of YSZ electrolyte fabrication, which has not been sufficiently clearly described until now.
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Beer SMJ, Krusenbaum A, Winter M, Vahlas C, Devi A. Study on Structural and Thermal Characteristics of Heteroleptic Yttrium Complexes as Potential Precursors for Vapor Phase Deposition. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian M. J. Beer
- Inorganic Materials Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr University Bochum Universitaetsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Annika Krusenbaum
- Inorganic Materials Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr University Bochum Universitaetsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Manuela Winter
- Inorganic Materials Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr University Bochum Universitaetsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Constantin Vahlas
- Centre Inter‐Universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux ‐ CNRS Université de Toulouse Allée Emile Monso, BP‐44362 31030 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Anjana Devi
- Inorganic Materials Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr University Bochum Universitaetsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
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Hong S, Yang H, Lim Y, Prinz FB, Kim YB. Grain-Controlled Gadolinia-Doped Ceria (GDC) Functional Layer for Interface Reaction Enhanced Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:41338-41346. [PMID: 31603644 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this Research Article, gadolinia-doped ceria (GDC), which is a highly catalyzed oxide ionic conductor, was explored to further improve oxygen surface reaction rates using a grain-controlled layer (GCL) concept. Typically, GDC materials have been used as a cathode functional layer by coating the GDC between the electrode and electrolyte to accelerate the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). To further improve the oxygen surface kinetics of the GDC cathodic layer, we modified the grain boundary density and crystallinity developed in the GDC layer by adjusting RF power conditions during the sputtering process. This approach revealed that engineered nanograins of GDC thin films directly affected ORR kinetics by catalyzing the oxygen surface reaction rate, significantly enhancing the fuel cell performance. Using this innovative concept, the fuel cells fabricated with a GDC GCL demonstrated a peak power density of 240 mW/cm2 at 450 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonwook Hong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford California 94305 , United States
| | - Hwichul Yang
- Department of Mechanical Convergence Engineering , Hanyang University , Seongdong-gu, 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seoul 133-791 , Korea
| | - Yonghyun Lim
- Department of Mechanical Convergence Engineering , Hanyang University , Seongdong-gu, 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seoul 133-791 , Korea
| | - Fritz B Prinz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford California 94305 , United States
| | - Young-Beom Kim
- Department of Mechanical Convergence Engineering , Hanyang University , Seongdong-gu, 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seoul 133-791 , Korea
- Institute of Nanoscience and Technology , Hanyang University , Seongdong-gu, 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seoul 133-791 , Korea
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Yang B, Sharkas K, Gagliardi L, Truhlar DG. The effects of active site and support on hydrogen elimination over transition-metal-functionalized yttria-decorated metal–organic frameworks. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01069f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal catalysts supported on a metal–organic framework have been screened computationally to reveal the best catalytic candidates for hydrogen elimination reactions, which are critical in many catalytic cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- Inorganometallic Catalyst Design Center
- Chemical Theory Center
- and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute
- University of Minnesota
| | - Kamal Sharkas
- Department of Chemistry
- Inorganometallic Catalyst Design Center
- Chemical Theory Center
- and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute
- University of Minnesota
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry
- Inorganometallic Catalyst Design Center
- Chemical Theory Center
- and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute
- University of Minnesota
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry
- Inorganometallic Catalyst Design Center
- Chemical Theory Center
- and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute
- University of Minnesota
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Zhang X, Liu L, Zhao Z, Tu B, Ou D, Cui D, Wei X, Chen X, Cheng M. Enhanced oxygen reduction activity and solid oxide fuel cell performance with a nanoparticles-loaded cathode. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:1703-1709. [PMID: 25686380 DOI: 10.1021/nl5043566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Reluctant oxygen-reduction-reaction (ORR) activity has been a long-standing challenge limiting cell performance for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) in both centralized and distributed power applications. We report here that this challenge has been tackled with coloading of (La,Sr)MnO3 (LSM) and Y2O3 stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanoparticles within a porous YSZ framework. This design dramatically improves ORR activity, enhances fuel cell output (200-300% power improvement), and enables superior stability (no observed degradation within 500 h of operation) from 600 to 800 °C. The improved performance is attributed to the intimate contacts between nanoparticulate YSZ and LSM particles in the three-phase boundaries in the cathode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhang
- Division of Fuel Cells, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China
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Vonk V, Khorshidi N, Stierle A, Dosch H. Atomic structure and composition of the yttria-stabilized zirconia (111) surface. SURFACE SCIENCE 2013; 612:69-76. [PMID: 23734067 PMCID: PMC3626230 DOI: 10.1016/j.susc.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Anomalous and nonanomalous surface X-ray diffraction is used to investigate the atomic structure and composition of the yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)(111) surface. By simulation it is shown that the method is sensitive to Y surface segregation, but that the data must contain high enough Fourier components in order to distinguish between different models describing Y/Zr disorder. Data were collected at room temperature after two different annealing procedures. First by applying oxidative conditions at 10- 5 mbar O2 and 700 K to the as-received samples, where we find that about 30% of the surface is covered by oxide islands, which are depleted in Y as compared with the bulk. After annealing in ultrahigh vacuum at 1270 K the island morphology of the surface remains unchanged but the islands and the first near surface layer get significantly enriched in Y. Furthermore, the observation of Zr and oxygen vacancies implies the formation of a porous surface region. Our findings have important implications for the use of YSZ as solid oxide fuel cell electrode material where yttrium atoms and zirconium vacancies can act as reactive centers, as well as for the use of YSZ as substrate material for thin film and nanoparticle growth where defects control the nucleation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedran Vonk
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials, NL-6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems (former Max Planck Institute for Metals Research), D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Navid Khorshidi
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems (former Max Planck Institute for Metals Research), D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andreas Stierle
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems (former Max Planck Institute for Metals Research), D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helmut Dosch
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems (former Max Planck Institute for Metals Research), D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
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Chao CC, Park JS, Tian X, Shim JH, Gür TM, Prinz FB. Enhanced oxygen exchange on surface-engineered yttria-stabilized zirconia. ACS NANO 2013; 7:2186-2191. [PMID: 23397972 DOI: 10.1021/nn305122f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Ion conducting oxides are commonly used as electrolytes in electrochemical devices including solid oxide fuel cells and oxygen sensors. A typical issue with these oxide electrolytes is sluggish oxygen surface kinetics at the gas-electrolyte interface. An approach to overcome this sluggish kinetics is by engineering the oxide surface with a lower oxygen incorporation barrier. In this study, we engineered the surface doping concentration of a common oxide electrolyte, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), with the help of atomic layer deposition (ALD). On optimizing the dopant concentration at the surface of single-crystal YSZ, a 5-fold increase in the oxygen surface exchange coefficient of the electrolyte was observed using isotopic oxygen exchange experiments coupled with secondary ion mass spectrometer measurements. The results demonstrate that electrolyte surface engineering with ALD can have a meaningful impact on the performance of electrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chieh Chao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.
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9
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Kannan V, Rhee JK. Robust switching characteristics of CdSe/ZnS quantum dot non-volatile memory devices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:12762-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50216c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ju YW, Ida S, Ishihara T. A Ce(Mn,Fe)O2 dense nanofilm as an improved active anode for metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40257f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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An J, Kim YB, Gür TM, Prinz FB. Enhancing charge transfer kinetics by nanoscale catalytic cermet interlayer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:6790-6795. [PMID: 23151148 DOI: 10.1021/am3019788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the density of catalytic sites is crucial for improving the performance of energy conversion devices. This work demonstrates the kinetic role of 2 nm thin YSZ/Pt cermet layers on enhancing the oxygen reduction kinetics for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells. Cermet layers were deposited between the porous Pt cathode and the dense YSZ electrolyte wafer using atomic layer deposition (ALD). Not only the catalytic role of the cermet layer itself but the mixing effect in the cermet was explored. For cells with unmixed and fully mixed cermet interlayers, the maximum power density was enhanced by a factor of 1.5 and 1.8 at 400 °C, and by 2.3 and 2.7 at 450 °C, respectively, when compared to control cells with no cermet interlayer. The observed enhancement in cell performance is believed to be due to the increased triple phase boundary (TPB) density in the cermet interlayer. We also believe that the sustained kinetics for the fully mixed cermet layer sample stems from better thermal stability of Pt islands separated by the ALD YSZ matrix, which helped to maintain the high-density TPBs even at elevated temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihwan An
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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12
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Fan Z, Chao CC, Hossein-Babaei F, Prinz FB. Improving solid oxide fuel cells with yttria-doped ceria interlayers by atomic layer deposition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm11550b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Preparation of Sm(x)Ce(1-x)O2(SDC) electrolyte film with gradient structure via a gas-phase controlling convection-diffusion approach on porous substrate. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 161:181-94. [PMID: 20637449 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2010.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2010] [Revised: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A SDC electrolyte film with gradient structure rooted on porous alumina substrate has been prepared by using a gas-phase controlling convection-diffusion approach. Investigation on the fabrication principles and the co-precipitation kinetics turned out the gradient distribution of hydroxide product of Ce(OH)(3) and Sm(OH)(3) in a porous substrate could be formed as induced by the down-toward diffusion of NH(3)·H(2)O in polar solvent along vertical direction and the up-toward convection of Sm(3+) and Ce(3+) ions over the cross-section of porous substrate, and the aim ratio of Ce to Sm of 4:1 in the sediment phase would be achieved by controlling component concentration in bulk solution. As a result, Sm(0.2)Ce(0.8)O(2.0)(SDC) electrolyte film with gradient microstructure could be fabricated after a subsequent sintering treatment at a high temperature. Investigation of crystal phase, structural, compositional characteristics of the sintered SDC/substrate specimens proved that a uniform and dense SDC film with an average grain size of ~500 nm spread over on the surface of substrate, and a correct cubic fluorite phase has been formed. Gradient variation presented in both the microstructure of SDC/substrate and the component contents over the cross-section of the SDC/substrate. Numerical analysis on the EDX data presented three component parts were sectioned, including a dense SDC layer of ~25 μm, a uniform filling layer of ~140 μm and a successive diffuse layer stretching as far as ~250 μm. Effect of bulk pH on thickness and surface microstructure of SDC film has been discussed. This microstructure-optimization approach will be applicable to fabricate electrode-supported gradient electrolyte films for IT-SOFC.
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Cassir M, Ringuedé A, Niinistö L. Input of atomic layer deposition for solid oxide fuel cell applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm00590h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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