1
|
Fan X, Yu W, Wang Q, Yang H, Tan D, Yu B, He J, Zheng P, Yu J, Luo J, Luo Y, Yan H, Wang J, Wang H, Wang Q, Mao X. Protective effect of Broussonetia papyrifera leaf polysaccharides on intestinal integrity in a rat model of diet-induced oxidative stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131589. [PMID: 38643924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Broussonetia papyrifera polysaccharides (BPP) on the jejunal intestinal integrity of rats ingesting oxidized fish oil (OFO) induced oxidative stress. Polysaccharides (Mw 16,956 Da) containing carboxyl groups were extracted from Broussonetia papyrifera leaves. In vitro antioxidant assays showed that this polysaccharide possessed antioxidant capabilities. Thirty-two male weaned rats were allocated into two groups orally infused BPP solution and PBS for 26 days, respectively. From day 9 to day 26, half of the rats in each group were fed food containing OFO, where the lipid peroxidation can induce intestinal oxidative stress. OFO administration resulted in diarrhea, decreased growth performance (p < 0.01), impaired jejunal morphology (p < 0.05) and antioxidant capacity (p < 0.01), increased the levels of ROS and its related products, IL-1β and IL-17 (p < 0.01) of jejunum, as well as down-regulated Bcl-2/Bax (p < 0.01) and Nrf2 signaling (p < 0.01) of jejunum in rats. BPP gavage effectively alleviated the negative effects of OFO on growth performance, morphology, enterocyte apoptosis, antioxidant capacity and inflammation of jejunum (p < 0.05) in rats. In the oxidative stress model cell assay, the use of receptor inhibitors inhibited the enhancement of antioxidant capacity by BPP. These results suggested that BPP protected intestinal morphology, thus improving growth performance and reducing diarrhea in rats ingesting OFO. This protective effect may be attributed to scavenging free radicals and activating the Nrf2 pathway, which enhances antioxidant capacity, consequently reducing inflammation and mitigating intestinal cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqi Fan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxiang Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Yang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Dayan Tan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifen Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Quyuan Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Biological Activities of Paper Mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera): More than a Skin-Lightening Agent. COSMETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics9060112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Paper mulberry is one of the most common skin-lightening agents in the beauty industry due to its strong anti-tyrosinase activity. This narrative review aims to summarize the chemical composition, biological activities, and applications of paper mulberry in cosmetics. Method: The literature for this article was acquired from the PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases before September 2022. The keywords for searching included “paper mulberry”, “Broussonetia papyrifera”, “skin-lightening”, “skin-whitening”, “depigmentation”, “pharmacological activity”, and “biological activity”. Results: Paper mulberry consists of various components, including flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, phenols, saponins, coumarins, glycosides, and polysaccharides, which possess a wide range of pharmacological properties. Apart from its anti-tyrosinase activity, paper mulberry and its compounds exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, antidiabetic, anticholinesterase, antigout, antinociceptive, and hepatoprotective effects. Phenols and flavonoids were demonstrated to be the main contributors to the biological activities of paper mulberry. Paper mulberry is widely applied in cosmetics for skin lightening and skin moisturizing purposes and shows potential for application in hair care products due to the hair nourishing effects. The safety of paper mulberry for topical application was proven in clinical studies. Conclusion: The current review provides a better understanding of paper mulberry’s properties and allows us to extend the application of this plant and its bioactive components in cosmetics.
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen Y, Wang L, Liu X, Wang F, An Y, Zhao W, Tian J, Kong D, Zhang W, Xu Y, Ba Y, Zhou H. The Genus Broussonetia: An Updated Review of Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165344. [PMID: 36014582 PMCID: PMC9414938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The Broussonetia genus (Moraceae), recognized for its value in many Chinese traditional herbs, mainly includes Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L’Hér. ex Vent. (BP), Broussonetia kazinoki Siebold (BK), and Broussonetia luzonica (Blanco) Bureau (BL). Hitherto, researchers have found 338 compounds isolated from BP, BK, and BL, which included flavonoids, polyphenols, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, and others. Moreover, its active compounds and extracts have exhibited a variety of pharmacological effects such as antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antibacterial, and antiviral properties, and its use against skin wrinkles. In this review, the phytochemistry and pharmacology of Broussonetia are updated systematically, after its applications are first summarized. In addition, this review also discusses the limitations of investigations and the potential direction of Broussonetia. This review can help to further understand the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and other applications of Broussonetia, which paves the way for future research.
Collapse
|
4
|
Tennakoon DS, Kuo CH, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Thambugala KM, Gentekaki E, Phillips AJL, Bhat DJ, Wanasinghe DN, de Silva NI, Promputtha I, Hyde KD. Taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to Celtis formosana, Ficus ampelas, F. septica, Macaranga tanarius and Morus australis leaf litter inhabiting microfungi. FUNGAL DIVERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-021-00474-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
5
|
Sheng P, He L, Ji S, Huang J, Zhang Z, Wang D, Liu J, Zhang H. Effect of Broussonetia papyrifera L. (paper mulberry) on growth performance, carcase traits, meat quality and immune performance in Hu ram lambs. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1904795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Sheng
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Li He
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Shaoshi Ji
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Jiangli Huang
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Huaqi Zhang
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim TI, Kwon EB, Oh YC, Go Y, Choi JG. Mori ramulus and its Major Component Morusin Inhibit Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Replication and the Virus-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 49:163-179. [PMID: 33371809 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is ubiquitous in many populations despite the use of acyclovir or related nucleoside analogs for treating infection. Drug resistance impairs the treatment of HSV-infected individuals who have immune deficits, underscoring the need for new safe and effective antiviral agents. Mori ramulus (the young twig of Morus alba L.) has long been used to treat diseases in Korea, Japan, and China. Recent studies have reported multiple pharmacological activities of Mori ramulus and its constituent morusin, but their effects on HSV-1 remain unknown. Here, we found that treatment with Mori ramulus ethanol extract (MRE) significantly reduced the replication of fluorescently labeled HSV-1 in Vero cells and inhibited the expression of HSV-1 envelope glycoprotein D (gD) and tegument protein VP16. MRE, furthermore, blocked HSV-1-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and this mediated the inhibition of viral replication. We identified morusin as the active antiviral component of MRE and found that morusin post-treatment was sufficient to inhibit viral gD and VP16 in addition to HSV-1-induced ROS production. Therefore, the inhibition of HSV-1-induced ROS may explain the antiviral activity of MRE against HSV-1. MRE or its component morusin may be potentially developed for anti-HSV-1 agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae In Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Bin Kwon
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Chang Oh
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Go
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Gi Choi
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Agarwal S, Maekawa T. Nano delivery of natural substances as prospective autophagy modulators in glioblastoma. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 29:102270. [PMID: 32702467 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most destructive type of malignant brain tumor in humans due to cancer relapse. Latest studies have indicated that cancer cells are more reliant on autophagy for survival than non-cancer cells. Autophagy is entitled as programmed cell death type II and studies imply that it is a comeback of cancer cells to innumerable anti-cancer therapies. To diminish the adverse consequences of chemotherapeutics, numerous herbs of natural origin have been retained in cancer treatments. Additionally, autophagy induction occurs via their tumor suppressive actions that could cause cell senescence and increase apoptosis-independent cell death. However, most of the drugs have poor solubility and thus nano drug delivery systems possess excessive potential to improve the aqueous solubility and bioavailability of encapsulated drugs. There is a pronounced need for more therapies for glioblastoma treatment and hereby, the fundamental mechanisms of natural autophagy modulators in glioblastoma are prudently reviewed in this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Agarwal
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Toru Maekawa
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ko W, Yoon CS, Kim KW, Lee H, Kim N, Woo ER, Kim YC, Kang DG, Lee HS, Oh H, Lee DS. Neuroprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Kuwanon C from Cudrania tricuspidata Are Mediated by Heme Oxygenase-1 in HT22 Hippocampal Cells, RAW264.7 Macrophage, and BV2 Microglia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144839. [PMID: 32650596 PMCID: PMC7402286 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is a detoxifying phase II enzyme that plays a role in both inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. Curdrania tricuspidata is widespread throughout East Asia and is used as a therapeutic agent in traditional medicine. We investigated whether treatment with sixteen flavonoid or xanthone compounds from C. tricuspidata could induce HO-1 expression in HT22 hippocampal cells, RAW264.7 macrophage, and BV2 microglia. In these compounds, kuwanon C showed the most remarkable HO-1 expression effects. In addition, treatment with kuwanon C reduced cytoplasmic nuclear erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) expression and increased Nrf2 expression in the nucleus. Significant inhibition of glutamate-induced oxidative injury and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurred when HT22 hippocampal cells were pretreated with kuwanon C. The levels of inflammatory mediator and cytokine, which increased following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, were suppressed in RAW264.7 macrophage and BV2 microglia after kuwanon C pretreatment. Kuwanon C also attenuated p65 DNA binding and translocation into the nucleus in LPS-induced RAW264.7 and BV2 cells. The anti-inflammatory, anti-neuroinflammatory, and neuroprotective effects of kuwanon C were reversed when co-treatment with HO-1 inhibitor of tin protoporphyrin-IX (SnPP). These results suggest that the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of kuwanon C are regulated by HO-1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wonmin Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (W.K.); (H.L.); (N.K.); (E.-R.W.)
| | - Chi-Su Yoon
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (C.-S.Y.); (K.-W.K.); (Y.-C.K.); (H.O.)
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (D.G.K.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Kwan-Woo Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (C.-S.Y.); (K.-W.K.); (Y.-C.K.); (H.O.)
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (D.G.K.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Hwan Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (W.K.); (H.L.); (N.K.); (E.-R.W.)
| | - Nayeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (W.K.); (H.L.); (N.K.); (E.-R.W.)
| | - Eun-Rhan Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (W.K.); (H.L.); (N.K.); (E.-R.W.)
| | - Youn-Chul Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (C.-S.Y.); (K.-W.K.); (Y.-C.K.); (H.O.)
| | - Dae Gill Kang
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (D.G.K.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Ho Sub Lee
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (D.G.K.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Hyuncheol Oh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (C.-S.Y.); (K.-W.K.); (Y.-C.K.); (H.O.)
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (D.G.K.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Dong-Sung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (W.K.); (H.L.); (N.K.); (E.-R.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-230-6386; Fax: +82-62-222-5414
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chemical constituents with prenyl substitution from the stem and root of Daphne giraldii Nitsche. (Thymelaeaceae). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2019.103958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
10
|
Peng X, Liu H, Chen P, Tang F, Hu Y, Wang F, Pi Z, Zhao M, Chen N, Chen H, Zhang X, Yan X, Liu M, Fu X, Zhao G, Yao P, Wang L, Dai H, Li X, Xiong W, Xu W, Zheng H, Yu H, Shen S. A Chromosome-Scale Genome Assembly of Paper Mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) Provides New Insights into Its Forage and Papermaking Usage. MOLECULAR PLANT 2019; 12:661-677. [PMID: 30822525 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) is a well-known woody tree historically used for Cai Lun papermaking, one of the four great inventions of ancient China. More recently, Paper mulberry has also been used as forage to address the shortage of feedstuff because of its digestible crude fiber and high protein contents. In this study, we obtained a chromosome-scale genome assembly for Paper mulberry using integrated approaches, including Illumina and PacBio sequencing platform as well as Hi-C, optical, and genetic maps. The assembled Paper mulberry genome consists of 386.83 Mb, which is close to the estimated size, and 99.25% (383.93 Mb) of the assembly was assigned to 13 pseudochromosomes. Comparative genomic analysis revealed the expansion and contraction in the flavonoid and lignin biosynthetic gene families, respectively, accounting for the enhanced flavonoid and decreased lignin biosynthesis in Paper mulberry. Moreover, the increased ratio of syringyl-lignin to guaiacyl-lignin in Paper mulberry underscores its suitability for use in medicine, forage, papermaking, and barkcloth making. We also identified the root-associated microbiota of Paper mulberry and found that Pseudomonas and Rhizobia were enriched in its roots and may provide the source of nitrogen for its stems and leaves via symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Collectively, these results suggest that Paper mulberry might have undergone adaptive evolution and recruited nitrogen-fixing microbes to promote growth by enhancing flavonoid production and altering lignin monomer composition. Our study provides significant insights into genetic basis of the usefulness of Paper mulberry in papermaking and barkcloth making, and as forage. These insights will facilitate further domestication and selection as well as industrial utilization of Paper mulberry worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Peilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yanmin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Zhi Pi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Meiling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Naizhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xueqing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Min Liu
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Xiaojun Fu
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Guofeng Zhao
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Pu Yao
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing 101300, China
| | - He Dai
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Xuming Li
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Quick Green Bio-Tec Co., Ltd., Dalian 116600, China
| | - Wencai Xu
- Beijing Jonathan Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 101314, China
| | - Hongkun Zheng
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Haiyan Yu
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing 101300, China.
| | - Shihua Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; ChuangGou Science & Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pharmacological Properties of Morus nigra L. (Black Mulberry) as A Promising Nutraceutical Resource. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020437. [PMID: 30791521 PMCID: PMC6412198 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mulberry plants belonging to the Moraceae family have been grown for the purpose of being the nutrient source for silk worm and raw materials for the preparation of jams, marmalades, vinegars, juices, wines, and cosmetics. Morus nigra L. (black mulberry) is native to Southwestern Asia, and it has been used as a traditional herbal medicine for animals and humans. In this article, recent research progress on various biological and pharmacological properties of extracts, fractions, and isolated active constituents from different parts of M. nigra are reviewed. M. nigra exhibited a wide-spectrum of biological and pharmacological therapeutic effects including antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-melanogenic, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anticancer activities. M. nigra also showed protective effects against various human organs and systems, mainly based on its antioxidant capacity. These findings strongly suggest that M. nigra can be used as a promising nutraceutical resource to control and prevent various chronic diseases.
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Morusin Functions as a Lipogenesis Inhibitor as Well as a Lipolysis Stimulator in Differentiated 3T3-L1 and Primary Adipocytes. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23082004. [PMID: 30103469 PMCID: PMC6222347 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23082004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Conflicting results for morusin activity during adipogenic differentiation are reported in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and cancer cells. To elucidate the influence of morusin on fat metabolism, their anti-obesity effects and molecular mechanism were investigated in 3T3-L1 cells and primary adipocytes. Morusin at a dose of less than 20 µM does not induce any significant change in the viability of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The accumulation of intracellular lipid droplets in 3T3-L1 adipocytes stimulated with 0.5 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, 1 µM dexamethasone, 10 µg/mL insulin in DMEM containing 10% FBS (MDI)-significantly reduces in a dose-dependent manner after morusin treatment. The phosphorylation level of members in the MAP kinase signaling pathway under the insulin receptor downstream also decrease significantly in the MDI + morusin-treated group compared to MDI + vehicle-treated group. Also, the expression of adipogenic transcription factors (PPARγ and C/EBPα) and lipogenic proteins (aP2 and FAS) are significantly attenuated by exposure to the compound in MDI-stimulated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, the decrease in the G0/G1 arrest of cell cycle after culturing in MDI medium was dramatically recovered after co-culturing in MDI + 20 µM morusin. Moreover, morusin treatment induces glycerol release in the primary adipocytes of SD rats and enhances lipolytic protein expression (HSL, ATGL, and perilipin) in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Overall, the results of the present study provide strong evidence that morusin inhibits adipogenesis by regulating the insulin receptor signaling, cell cycle and adipogenic protein expression as well as stimulating lipolysis by enhancing glycerol release and lipolytic proteins expression.
Collapse
|
14
|
Xue J, Li R, Zhao X, Ma C, Lv X, Liu L, Liu P. Morusin induces paraptosis-like cell death through mitochondrial calcium overload and dysfunction in epithelial ovarian cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 283:59-74. [PMID: 29421517 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of death among all gynecological cancers. Morusin, a prenylated flavonoid extracted from the root bark of Morus australis, has been reported to exhibit anti-tumor activity against various human cancers except EOC. In the present study, we explored the potential anti-cancer activity of morusin against EOC in vitro and in vivo and possible underlying mechanisms for the first time. We first found that morusin effectively inhibited EOC cell proliferation and survival in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Then we observed that treatment of EOC cells with morusin resulted in paraptosis-like cell death, a novel mode of non-apoptotic programmed cell death that is characterized by extensive cytoplasmic vacuolation due to dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria and lack of apoptotic hallmarks. In addition, we discovered that morusin induced obvious increase in mitochondrial Ca2+ levels, accumulation of ER stress markers, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) in EOC cells. Furthermore, pretreatment with 4, 4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2, 2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS), a chemical inhibitor of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) on the outer mitochondrial membrane, effectively inhibited mitochondrial Ca2+ influx, cytoplasmic vacuolation and cell death induced by morusin in EOC cells. Moreover, DIDS pretreatment also suppressed morusin-induced accumulation of ER stress markers, ROS production and depletion of Δψm. Consistently, tumor xenograft assays showed that co-treatment with DIDS partially reversed the inhibitory effects of morusin on tumor growth in vivo and inhibited the increased levels of ER stress markers induced by morusin in tumor tissues. Collectively, our results suggest that VDAC-mediated Ca2+ influx into mitochondria and subsequent mitochondrial Ca2+ overload contribute to mitochondrial swelling and dysfunction, leading to morusin-induced paraptosis-like cell death in EOC. This study may provide alternative therapeutic strategies for EOC exhibiting resistance to apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinrui Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Congcong Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lidong Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peishu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Boucherle B, Peuchmaur M, Boumendjel A, Haudecoeur R. Occurrences, biosynthesis and properties of aurones as high-end evolutionary products. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 142:92-111. [PMID: 28704688 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a considerable renewed interest for the uncommon flavonoid class of aurones. The characterization of two major biosynthetic machineries involved in their biosynthesis in flowers has encouraged the revival of phytochemical studies and identification of original structures, a process started almost seventy-five years ago. This review draws up an exhaustive map of natural occurrences of aurones their biosynthetic pathways and roles, with the aim to link their original structural properties among flavonoids to their place in evolution and the selective advantages they bring to some of the most advanced taxa in the plant kingdom.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Boucherle
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, CS 40700, 38058, Grenoble, France
| | - Marine Peuchmaur
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, CS 40700, 38058, Grenoble, France
| | - Ahcène Boumendjel
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, CS 40700, 38058, Grenoble, France
| | - Romain Haudecoeur
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, CS 40700, 38058, Grenoble, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liao YR, Kuo PC, Tsai WJ, Huang GJ, Lee KH, Wu TS. Bioactive chemical constituents from the root bark of Morus australis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 27:309-313. [PMID: 27908762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Two new pyranoflavonoids, morustralins A (1) and B (2), a new natural benzene derivative, one benzenoid (Z)-1-hydroxy-4-(2-nitroethenyl)benzene (3), and thirty known compounds were isolated and characterized from the root bark of Morus australis. The structures of the new compounds were established from spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses. Ten isolates (1-10) were examined for inhibitory effects on adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-, arachidonic acid (AA)-, and platelet-aggregating factor (PAF)-induced platelet aggregation. Among the tested compounds, compound 3 displayed the most significant inhibition of ADP- and AA-induced platelet aggregation with IC50 values of 9.76±5.54 and 9.81±2.7μM, respectively. In addition, eight purified compounds (3-10) were examined for inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells and six compounds (3-8) displayed significant inhibitory effects with IC50 values ranging from 2.1±0.3 to 6.3±0.6μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ren Liao
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Jern Tsai
- Division of Chinese Medicine Literature and Informatics, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Chinese Medicinal Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Tian-Shung Wu
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wei H, Zhu JJ, Liu XQ, Feng WH, Wang ZM, Yan LH. Review of bioactive compounds from root barks of Morus plants (Sang-Bai-Pi) and their pharmacological effects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/23312009.2016.1212320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wei
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700 Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, Jishou University, College of Hunan Province, 416000 Jishou, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Hong Feng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Min Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Li-Hua Yan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700 Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Blockage of STAT3 Signaling Pathway by Morusin Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Invasion in Human Pancreatic Tumor Cells. Pancreas 2016; 45:409-19. [PMID: 26646273 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000000496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is an oncogenic transcription factor implicated in carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated the role of morusin, the major prenylflavonoid, isolated from Chinese herbal medicine in abrogating the constitutive STAT3 activation in human pancreatic tumor cells. METHODS The effect of morusin on STAT3 activation, associated protein kinases, STAT3-regulated gene products, cellular proliferation, and apoptosis was examined. RESULTS Morusin specifically inhibited constitutive STAT3 activation both at tyrosine residue 705 and serine residue 727 in 4 pancreatic tumor cells. The inhibition of STAT3 was mediated through the suppression of activation of upstream JAK1, JAK2, and c-Src kinases. Morusin led to the accumulation of the cells in different phases of the cell cycle and caused induction of apoptosis and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Morusin downregulated the expression of various STAT3-regulated gene products; this correlated with induction of caspase-3 activation and anti-invasive effects. Treatment with the protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor pervanadate reversed the morusin-induced downregulation of STAT3, thereby suggesting the involvement of a protein tyrosine phosphatase. CONCLUSIONS Morusin is a novel blocker of STAT3 activation and thus may have potential in negative regulation of growth and metastasis of pancreatic tumor cells.
Collapse
|
19
|
Choi SW, Lee YJ, Ha SB, Jeon YH, Lee DH. Evaluation of Biological Activity and Analysis of Functional Constituents from Different Parts of Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Tree. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2015.44.6.823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
20
|
Lin WL, Lai DY, Lee YJ, Chen NF, Tseng TH. Antitumor progression potential of morusin suppressing STAT3 and NFκB in human hepatoma SK-Hep1 cells. Toxicol Lett 2015; 232:490-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
21
|
Madda J, Venkatesham A, Naveen Kumar B, Nagaiah K, Sujitha P, Ganesh Kumar C, Rao TP, Jagadeesh Babu N. Synthesis of novel chromeno-annulated cis -fused pyrano[3,4- c ]benzopyran and naphtho pyran derivatives via domino aldol-type/hetero Diels–Alder reaction and their cytotoxicity evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4428-4434. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
22
|
Sun J, He XM, Zhao MM, Li L, Li CB, Dong Y. Antioxidant and nitrite-scavenging capacities of phenolic compounds from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) tops. Molecules 2014; 19:13147-60. [PMID: 25162956 PMCID: PMC6270697 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190913147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane tops were extracted with 50% ethanol and fractionated by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butyl alcohol successively. Eight phenolic compounds in EtOAc extracts were purified through silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, and then identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization mass spectra. The results showed that eight phenolic compounds from EtOAc extracts were identified as caffeic acid, cis-p-hydroxycinnamic acid, quercetin, apigenin, albanin A, australone A, moracin M, and 5'-geranyl-5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone. The antioxidant and nitrite-scavenging capacities of different solvent extracts correlated positively with their total phenolic (TP) contents. Amongst various extracts, EtOAc extracts possessed the highest TP content and presented the strongest oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), 1,1'-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging capacity, 2,2'-azobis-3-ethylbenthiaazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical-scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and nitrite-scavenging capacity. Thus, sugarcane tops could be promoted as a source of natural antioxidant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xue-Mei He
- Agro-food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China.
| | - Mou-Ming Zhao
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Li Li
- Agro-food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China.
| | - Chang-Bao Li
- Agro-food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China.
| | - Yi Dong
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zelová H, Hanáková Z, Čermáková Z, Šmejkal K, Dalĺ Acqua S, Babula P, Cvačka J, Hošek J. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of prenylated substances isolated from Morus alba and Morus nigra. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:1297-303. [PMID: 24901948 DOI: 10.1021/np401025f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Chromatographic separation of root extracts of Morus alba and M. nigra led to the identification of the 2-arylbenzofurans moracin C (1), mulberrofuran Y (2), and mulberrofuran H (3), and the prenylated flavonoids kuwanon E (4), kuwanon C (5), sanggenon H (6), cudraflavone B (7), and morusinol (8), and the Diels-Alder adducts soroceal (9), and sanggenon E (10). The cytotoxicity and their antiphlogistic activity, determined as the attenuation of the secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β and the inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation in LPS-stimulated macrophages, were evaluated for compounds 1-10.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Zelová
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno , CZ-612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Choi SW, Jang YJ, Lee YJ, Leem HH, Kim EO. Analysis of Functional Constituents in Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Twigs by Different Cultivars, Producing Areas, and Heat Processings. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2014; 18:256-62. [PMID: 24551827 PMCID: PMC3925215 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2013.18.4.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Four functional constituents, oxyresveratrol 3'-O-β-D-glucoside (ORTG), oxyresveratrol (ORT), t-resveratrol (RT), and moracin (MC) were isolated from the ethanolic extract of mulberry (Morus alba L.) twigs by a series of isolation procedures, including solvent fractionation, and silica-gel, ODS-A, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. Their chemical structures were identified by NMR and FABMS spectral analysis. Quantitative changes of four phytochemicals in mulberry twigs were determined by HPLC according to cultivar, producing area, and heat processing. ORTG was a major abundant compound in the mulberry twigs, and its levels ranged from 23.7 to 105.5 mg% in six different mulberry cultivars. Three other compounds were present in trace amounts (<1 mg/100 g) or were not detected. Among mulberry cultivars examined, "Yongcheon" showed the highest level of ORTG, whereas "Somok" had the least ORTG content. Levels of four phytochemicals in the mulberry twigs harvested in early September were higher than those harvested in early July. Levels of ORTG and ORT in the "Cheongil" mulberry twigs produced in the Uljin area were higher than those produced in other areas. Generally, levels of ORTG and ORT in mulberry twigs decreased with heat processing, such as steaming, and microwaving except roasting, whereas those of RT and MC did not considerably vary according to heat processing. These results suggest that the roasted mulberry twigs may be useful as potential sources of functional ingredients and foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Won Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongbuk 712-702, Korea
| | - Yeon Jeong Jang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongbuk 712-702, Korea
| | - Yu Jin Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongbuk 712-702, Korea
| | - Hyun Hee Leem
- Department of Natural Product, Institute for Korea Traditional Medical Industry, Gyeongbuk 712-260, Korea
| | - Eun Ok Kim
- Functional Food Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute, Gangwon 210-340, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Guo M, Wang M, Deng H, Zhang X, Wang ZY. A novel anticancer agent Broussoflavonol B downregulates estrogen receptor (ER)-α36 expression and inhibits growth of ER-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 714:56-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
26
|
Morusin inhibits human cervical cancer stem cell growth and migration through attenuation of NF-κB activity and apoptosis induction. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 379:7-18. [PMID: 23543150 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are believed to be responsible for tumor metastasis, recurrence, and high mortality of cancer patients due to their high tumorigenicity resistance to chemo-radiotherapy. Morusin possesses anti-cancer activity through attenuation of NF-κB activity, which is up-regulated in cancer stem cells. The purpose of this study is to confirm the growth and migration inhibition effect of morusin on human cervical CSCs, and to clarify its partial mechanism of activity. Human cervical CSCs were enriched using non-adhesive culture system. Their stemness characteristics were identified with tumor sphere formation, self-renewal, toluidine blue staining, migration assays, RT-PCR analysis, and immunofluorescence staining of putative stem cell markers, Oct4, SOX2, and ALDH1; the epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) transition markers and relevant transcription factors were evaluated with Western blotting. The growth and migration inhibition effects of morusin on human cervical CSCs were tested by cell proliferation, tumor sphere formation, and transwell assay; apoptotic death of human cervical CSCs in response to morusin was measured with DAPI staining, apoptotic DNA fragmentation; NF-κBp65, Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 protein expressions were detected through Western blotting. Under this non-adhesive culture system, typical tumor spheres appeared within 5-7 days, the tumor sphere formation, self-renewal, and cell migration, expressions of putative stem cell markers, EMT markers, and relevant transcription factors of the tumor sphere cells were increased significantly. After morusin treatment, the proliferation, tumor sphere formation, and migration of human cervical CSCs were decreased significantly, DAPI-stained apoptotic cells increased, apoptotic DNA fragmentations formed evidently; the expression levels of NF-κBp65 and Bcl-2 decreased significantly, Bax, and caspase-3 increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. Using the non-adhesive culture system, human cervical CSCs were enriched and expanded. Morusin has the potential to target and kill CSCs, and can inhibit human cervical growth and migration through NF-κB attenuation mediated apoptosis induction.
Collapse
|
27
|
Weng JR, Lai IL, Yang HC, Lin CN, Bai LY. Identification of kazinol Q, a natural product from Formosan plants, as an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase. Phytother Res 2013; 28:49-54. [PMID: 23447335 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation plays a pivotal role in the epigenetic regulation of the transcription of a number of cancer-related genes, thereby representing an important target for cancer prevention and treatment. In our search for DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitors from Formosan plants, by screening against a library consisting of 12 structurally distinct natural products, we identified kazinol Q {4-[6-(1,1-dimethyl-allyl)-7-hydroxy-chroman-2-yl]-3,6-bis-(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)-benzene-1,2-diol} as an inhibitor of recombinant DNMT1 with IC50 of 7 μM. The effect of kazinol Q on DNMT inhibition was validated by its ability to reactivate the expression of a DNA methylation-silenced gene, E-cadherin, in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Moreover, kazinol Q suppressed the proliferation of MCF-7 breast and LNCaP prostate cancer cells, in part, through apoptosis induction. The role of DNMT1 inhibition in mediating kazinol Q's antiproliferative effect was supported by the protective effect of ectopic expression of DNMT1 on kazinol Q-induced cell death. Molecular modeling analysis suggests that kazinol Q inhibited DNMT activity by competing with cytosine binding, a mechanism similar to that described for (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Relative to EGCG, kazinol Q exhibits several desirable features for drug development, including chemical stability and increased hydrophobicity, and might have therapeutic relevance to cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ru Weng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tyrosinase inhibition constituents from the roots of Morus australis. Fitoterapia 2012; 83:1008-13. [PMID: 22698714 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The phytochemical profiles of Morus australis roots, stems and twigs were firstly compared by HPLC analysis. It was found that Morus australis stem extract mainly contained one known tyrosinase inhibitor, oxyresveratrol, while its root and twig extract might contain some unknown potential tyrosinase inhibitors. The root extract of Morus australis was further investigated in this study. One new compound, austraone A, together with 21 known compounds, was isolated and their structures were identified by interpretation of MS and NMR data. In the tyrosinase inhibitory testing, some of them, such as oxyresveratrol, moracenin D, sanggenon T, and kuwanon O, exhibited stronger tyrosinase inhibitory activities than that of kojic acid. These results suggested the Morus australis root extract as a good source of natural tyrosinase inhibitors with a great potential to be used in foods as anti-browning agents and in cosmetics as skin-whitening agents.
Collapse
|
29
|
Sun J, Liu SF, Zhang CS, Yu LN, Bi J, Zhu F, Yang QL. Chemical composition and antioxidant activities of Broussonetia papyrifera fruits. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32021. [PMID: 22389678 PMCID: PMC3289642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruits of Broussonetia papyrifera from South China were analyzed for their total chemical composition, and antioxidant activities in ethanol and aqueous extracts. In the fruit of this plant, the crude protein, crude fat and carbohydrates was 7.08%, 3.72% and 64.73% of dry weight, respectively. The crude protein, crude fat and carbohydrates were 15.71%, 20.51% and 36.09% of dry weight, respectively. Fatty acid and amino acid composition of the fruit were analyzed. Unsaturated fatty acid concentration was 70.6% of the total fatty acids. The percentage of the essential amino acids (EAAs) was 40.60% of the total amino acids. Furthermore, B. papyrifera fruit are rich in many mineral elements and vitamins. Total phenolic content was assessed using the Folin-Ciocalteau assay, whereas antioxidant activities were assessed by measuring the ability of the two extracts to scavenge DPPH radicals, inhibit peroxidation, and chelate ferric ions. Their reducing power was also assessed. Results indicated that the aqueous extract of B. papyrifera was a more potent reducing agent and radical-scavenger than the ethanol extract. GC-MS analysis of the ethanol extract showed the presence of some acid-containing compounds. The changes in total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity in B. papyrifera from four different regions grown under normal conditions were assessed. The antioxidant activity of different extracts was positively associated with their total phenolic content. These results suggest that the fruit of B. papyrifera could be used in dietary supplement preparations, or as a food additive, for nutritional gain, or to prevent oxidation in food products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qing-li Yang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lee JJ, Yang H, Yoo YM, Hong SS, Lee D, Lee HJ, Lee HJ, Myung CS, Choi KC, Jeung EB. Morusinol Extracted from Morus Alba Inhibits Arterial Thrombosis and Modulates Platelet Activation for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease. J Atheroscler Thromb 2012; 19:516-22. [DOI: 10.5551/jat.10058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Jin Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University
| | - Hyun Yang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University
| | - Yeong-Min Yoo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University
| | - Seong Su Hong
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University
| | - Dongho Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University
| | | | | | - Chang-Seon Myung
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ryu HW, Curtis-Long MJ, Jung S, Jeong IY, Kim DS, Kang KY, Park KH. Anticholinesterase potential of flavonols from paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) and their kinetic studies. Food Chem 2011; 132:1244-1250. [PMID: 29243607 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2011] [Revised: 10/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is necessary to develop food additives to help treat chronic disorders like neurodegenerative diseases from medicinal plants. Ethanol extracts of paper mulberry were found to display significant inhibition against cholinesterases, enzymes that are strongly linked with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The active components were identified as prenylated flavonols (2-4) that inhibited two related human cholinesterases in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50's ranging between 0.8 and 3.1μM and between 0.5 and 24.7μM against human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) and butylcholinesterase (BChE), respectively. Prenyl groups within these flavonols were found to play a critical role for inhibition because the parent compound 1, quercetin, was inactive (IC50>500μM) towards the target enzymes. Flavonols (2-4) showed mixed inhibition kinetics as well as slow and time-dependent reversible inhibition toward hAChE. The affinity between protein and inhibitors was investigated using fluorescence quenching. The affinity constants (KSA) of inhibitors increased in proportion to their inhibitory potencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Won Ryu
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), IALS, GyeongSang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Marcus J Curtis-Long
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Biophysics, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Sunin Jung
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), IALS, GyeongSang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Yun Jeong
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sub Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Young Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), IALS, GyeongSang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), IALS, GyeongSang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhong HT, Li F, Chen B, Wang MK. Euphane Triterpenes from the Bark of Broussonetia papyrifera. Helv Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201100136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
33
|
Wang GW, Huang BK, Qin LP. The Genus Broussonetia: A Review of its Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. Phytother Res 2011; 26:1-10. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2010] [Revised: 04/16/2011] [Accepted: 04/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai; China
| | - Bao-Kang Huang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai; China
| | - Lu-Ping Qin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai; China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
New 2-arylbenzofurans from the root bark of Artocarpus lakoocha. Molecules 2010; 15:6548-58. [PMID: 20877242 PMCID: PMC6257731 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15096548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Revised: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new prenylated 2-arylbenzofurans – artolakoochol, 4-hydroxy-artolakoochol and cycloartolakoochol – have been isolated from the root bark of Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb., Their structures were elucidated through analysis of their spectroscopic data, and their antiherpetic potential was evaluated by the plaque reduction assay.
Collapse
|
35
|
Bakthadoss M, Murugan G. Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of Tricyclic Chromenoisoxazolidines by Intramolecular 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
36
|
Tseng TH, Chuang SK, Hu CC, Chang CF, Huang YC, Lin CW, Lee YJ. The synthesis of morusin as a potent antitumor agent. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
37
|
Ryu HW, Lee BW, Curtis-Long MJ, Jung S, Ryu YB, Lee WS, Park KH. Polyphenols from Broussonetia papyrifera displaying potent alpha-glucosidase inhibition. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:202-8. [PMID: 19954213 DOI: 10.1021/jf903068k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The organic extract of the roots of Broussonetia papyrifera showed extremely high alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 of around 10 microg/mL. Due to its potency, subsequent bioactivity-guided fractionation of the chloroform extract led to 12 polyphenols, 1-12, 4 of which were identified as chalcones (1-4), another 4 as flavans (5-8), 2 as flavonols (9 and 10), and 2 others as the novel species benzofluorenones (11 and 12). Broussofluorenone A (11) and broussofluorenone B (12) emerged as new compounds possessing the very rare 5,11-dioxabenzo[b]fluoren-10-one skeleton. These compounds (1-12) were evaluated for alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity to identify their inhibitory potencies and kinetic behavior. The most potent inhibitor, 10 (IC50=2.1 microM, Ki=2.3 microM), has an inhibitory activity slightly higher than that of the potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitor deoxynojirimycin (IC50=3.5 microM). The novel alpha-glucosidase inhibitors 11 (IC50=27.6 microM) and 12 (IC50=33.3 microM) are similar in activity to sugar-derived alpha-glucosidase inhibitors such as voglibose (IC50=23.4 microM). Interestingly, major constituents (1, 2, 6, 7, 9, and 10) of B. papyrifera displayed significant inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 5.3, 11.1, 12.0, 26.3, 3.6, and 2.1 microM, respectively. In kinetic studies, chalcones (1-4) exhibited noncompetitive inhibition characteristics, whereas the others (5-12) showed mixed behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Won Ryu
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), EB-NCRC, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Huang YC, Hwang TL, Chang CS, Yang YL, Shen CN, Liao WY, Chen SC, Liaw CC. Anti-inflammatory flavonoids from the rhizomes of Helminthostachys zeylanica. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:1273-1278. [PMID: 19583252 DOI: 10.1021/np900148a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Eight new prenylated flavonoids, ugonins M-T (1-8), together with five known compounds, ugonins J-L (9-11), 5,4'-dihydroxy-4'',4''-dimethyl-5''-methyl-5''H-dihydrofurano[2'',3'':6,7]flavanone, and quercetin, were isolated and purified from the rhizomes of Helminthostachys zeylanica. The structures of the new isolates were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods. Compounds 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, and 11 showed inhibition of superoxide anion generation and elastase release by human neutrophils in response to formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (FMLP/CB).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaun-Chao Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lee JC, Won SJ, Chao CL, Wu FL, Liu HS, Ling P, Lin CN, Su CL. Morusin induces apoptosis and suppresses NF-kappaB activity in human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 372:236-42. [PMID: 18485277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2008] [Accepted: 05/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Morusin is a pure compound isolated from root bark of Morusaustralis (Moraceae). In this study, we demonstrated that morusin significantly inhibited the growth and clonogenicity of human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells. Apoptosis induced by morusin was characterized by accumulation of cells at the sub-G(1) phase, fragmentation of DNA, and condensation of chromatin. Morusin also inhibited the phosphorylation of IKK-alpha, IKK-beta and IkappaB-alpha, increased expression of IkappaB-alpha, and suppressed nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB and its DNA binding activity. Dephosphorylation of NF-kappaB upstream regulators PI3K, Akt and PDK1 was also displayed. In addition, activation of caspase-8, change of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c and Smac/DIABLO, and activation of caspase-9 and -3 were observed at the early time point. Downregulation in the expression of Ku70 and XIAP was exhibited afterward. Caspase-8 or wide-ranging caspase inhibitor suppressed morusin-induced apoptosis. Therefore, the antitumor mechanism of morusin in HT-29 cells may be via activation of caspases and inhibition of NF-kappaB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenq-Chang Lee
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Simo CC, Kouam SF, Poumale HM, Simo IK, Ngadjui BT, Green IR, Krohn K. Benjaminamide: A new ceramide and other compounds from the twigs of Ficus benjamina (Moraceae). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2007.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
41
|
Zheng ZP, Cheng KW, Chao J, Wu J, Wang M. Tyrosinase inhibitors from paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera). Food Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
42
|
Sohn HY, Son KH, Kwon CS, Kwon GS, Kang SS. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of 18 prenylated flavonoids isolated from medicinal plants: Morus alba L., Morus mongolica Schneider, Broussnetia papyrifera (L.) Vent, Sophora flavescens Ait and Echinosophora koreensis Nakai. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2004; 11:666-672. [PMID: 15636183 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2003.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial activity of the 18 prenylated flavonoids, which were purified from five different medicinal plants, was evaluated by determination of MIC using the broth microdilution methods against four bacterial and two fungal microorganisms (Candida albicans, Saccaromyces cerevisiae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus epidermis and S. aureus). Papyriflavonol A, kuraridin, sophoraflavanone D and sophoraisoflavanone A exhibited a good antifungal activity with strong antibacterial activity. Kuwanon C, mulberrofuran G, albanol B, kenusanone A and sophoraflavanone G showed strong antibacterial activity with 5-30 microg/ml of MICs. Morusin, sanggenon B and D, kazinol B, kurarinone, kenusanone C and isosophoranone were effective to only gram positive bacteria, and broussochalcone A was effective to C. albicans. IC50 values of papyriflavonol A, kuraridin, sophoraflavanone D, sophoraisoflavanone A and broussochalcone A in HepG2 cells were 20.9, 37.8, 39.1, 22.1, and 22.0 microg/ml, respectively. These results support the use of prenylated flavonoids in Asian traditional medicine to treat microbial infection and indicate a high potential for prenylated flavonoids as antimicrobial agents as well as anti-inflammatory agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Y Sohn
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Affiliation(s)
- M Zanforlin
- Allergy Service, General Hospital, Este, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sawada N, Kataoka K, Kondo K, Arimochi H, Fujino H, Takahashi Y, Miyoshi T, Kuwahara T, Monden Y, Ohnishi Y. Betulinic acid augments the inhibitory effects of vincristine on growth and lung metastasis of B16F10 melanoma cells in mice. Br J Cancer 2004; 90:1672-8. [PMID: 15083202 PMCID: PMC2409700 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the antitumour effect of a combination of betulinic acid (BA) and vincristine (VCR) on murine melanoma B16F10 cells in vitro and in vivo. Betulinic acid, a pentacyclic triterpene, showed a synergistic cytotoxic effect on melanoma cells by combinational use of VCR. Betulinic acid and VCR induced cell cycle arrest at different points (BA at G1 phase and VCR at G2/M phase) and caused apoptosis in B16F10 melanoma cells. In the in vivo study, VCR inhibited metastasis of tumour cells to the lung. The addition of BA to VCR augmented suppression of the experimental lung metastasis of melanoma cells in C57BL/6 mice. The number of lung nodules of more than 1 mm in diameter in mice treated with BA and VCR was less than that in mice treated with VCR alone. These results suggest that BA is an effective supplement for enhancing the chemotherapeutic effect on malignant melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Sawada
- Department of Oncological and Regenerative Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bioactive Compounds from the Genus Broussonetia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(03)80137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
46
|
Chemistry and Biological Activities of Isoprenylated Flavonoids from Medicinal Plants (Moraceous Plants and Glycyrrhiza Species). BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS (PART I) 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(03)80142-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
47
|
Kwon HJ, Shim JS, Kim JH, Cho HY, Yum YN, Kim SH, Yu J. Betulinic acid inhibits growth factor-induced in vitro angiogenesis via the modulation of mitochondrial function in endothelial cells. Jpn J Cancer Res 2002; 93:417-25. [PMID: 11985792 PMCID: PMC5927016 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2002.tb01273.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Betulinic acid (BetA), a pentacyclic triterpene, is a selective apoptosis-inducing agent that works directly in mitochondria. Recent study has revealed that BetA inhibits in vitro enzymatic activity of aminopeptidase N (APN, EC 3.4.11.2), which is known to play an important role in angiogenesis, but the anti-angiogenic activity of BetA has not been reported yet. Data presented here show that BetA potently inhibited basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced invasion and tube formation of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) at a concentration which had no effect on the cell viability. To access whether the anti-angiogenic nature of BetA originates from its inhibitory action against aminopeptidase N (APN) activity, the effect of BetA on APN was investigated. Surprisingly, BetA did not inhibit in vivo APN activity in endothelial cells or APN-positive tumor cells. On the other hand, BetA significantly decreased the mitochondrial reducing potential, and treatment with mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) inhibitors attenuated BetA-induced inhibition of endothelial cell invasion. These results imply that anti-angiogenic activity of BetA occurs through a modulation of mitochondrial function rather than APN activity in endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Jeong Kwon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bhat KP, Pezzuto JM. Natural modulators of estrogen biosynthesis and function as chemopreventive agents. Arch Pharm Res 2001; 24:473-84. [PMID: 11794520 DOI: 10.1007/bf02975150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There is clearly a need for novel breast cancer chemopreventive agents with enhanced potency and specificity with little or no side effects. To this end, several new chemical moieties have been synthesized or isolated from natural sources. In this review, we have described some agents currently in use or under development for treatment or prevention of breast cancer, as well as our own strategies for the discovery of natural product modulators of estrogen biosynthesis and function. In particular, bioassay-guided fractionation of active plant extracts is a unique method for identifying agents with novel mechanisms of action, some of which should be useful for prevention of human cancer. Further, with the advent of combinatorial chemistry and high throughput screening, even greater progress may now be expected with natural product leads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K P Bhat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Sun SG, Chen RY, Yu DQ. Structures of two new benzofuran derivatives from the bark of mulberry tree (Morus macroura Miq.). JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2001; 3:253-259. [PMID: 11783578 DOI: 10.1080/10286020108040364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two new benzofuran derivatives, macrourins A (1) and B (2), together with two known stilbene derivatives, were isolated from the barks of Morus macroura Miq. Their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S G Sun
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ko HH, Wang JJ, Lin HC, Wang JP, Lin CN. Chemistry and biological activities of constituents from Morus australis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1999; 1428:293-9. [PMID: 10434047 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4165(99)00084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel constituent named australone B (1) was further isolated from the cortex of Morus australis (Moraceae). The structure of 1 has been elucidated by one- and two-dimension spectra. In human citrated platelet-rich plasma, 1 showed strong inhibition of aggregation induced by adrenaline in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC(50) value of about 33.3 microM. Compound 1 (30 microM) also showed inhibitory effects on superoxide anion formation from rat neutrophils stimulated with formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP)/cytochalasin B (CB). Morusin (2) inhibited superoxide anion formation from rat neutrophils stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC(50) value of 66.9+/-2.5 microM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H H Ko
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical College, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|