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Henkelmann M, Omlor A, Bolte M, Schünemann V, Lerner HW, Noga J, Hrobárik P, Wagner M. A free boratriptycene-type Lewis superacid. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1608-1617. [PMID: 35282635 PMCID: PMC8826627 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06404e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An exceptionally strong ferrocene-containing, cationic boratriptycene-type Lewis acid is stabilized by a weak Fe⋯B through-space interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Henkelmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Omlor
- Physics Department, University Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 56, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Volker Schünemann
- Physics Department, University Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 56, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jozef Noga
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Hrobárik
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Lerayer E, Renaut P, Brandès S, Cattey H, Fleurat-Lessard P, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D, Hierso JC. Planar-Chiral 1,1'-Diboryl Metallocenes: Diastereoselective Synthesis from Boryl Cyclopentadienides and Spin Density Analysis of a Diborylcobaltocene. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:1966-1973. [PMID: 28139922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of nonsubstituted alkali metal cyclopentadienides with haloboranes leads to ∼90:10 mixtures of isomeric diene products that can be deprotonated to give simple boryl cyclopentadienides. We extended this transformation to the sterically hindered lithium tert-butylcyclopentadienide 1 using FBMes2 (Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) and ClBCy2 as electrophiles. The boryl group is selectively introduced in the remote position to minimize steric congestion. The new boryl dienes are obtained as mixtures of isomers, and subsequent deprotonation with MeLi or LiHMDS affords the lithium 1,3-disubstituted cyclopentadienides 5a,b in yields over 95%. Direct assembling of tert-butylated boryl cyclopentadienides with MCl2 (M = Fe, Co) selectively leads to 1,1'-planar chiral ferrocenes 6a,b and cobaltocene 7. To shed light into the diastereoselective formation of 6a, DFT calculations were performed. The potential energy surface was scrutinized so as to identify and compare its diastereoisomers and conformers. This stereoselectivity is attributed to minimized steric repulsions between the tert-butyl and the BMes2 groups in the eclipsed conformation of the racemic diastereoisomers. The X-ray structures of boryl diene 2a and diboryl ferrocene 6a are reported. The electronic structure of cobaltocene 7 was analyzed by EPR and DFT calculations. The spin density of this unique open-shell complex is mainly localized on the Co center, but significant spin density is also found on the boron atoms, indicating substantial delocalization of the unpaired electron over the Lewis acid moieties. Consistently, the singly occupied molecular orbital is a combination of a Co-centered 3d orbital with π(BC) orbitals on each CpBMes2 rings. There is only weak, if any, direct M···B interaction in 6 and 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Lerayer
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR 6302 CNRS), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Patrice Renaut
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR 6302 CNRS), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Stéphane Brandès
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR 6302 CNRS), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Hélène Cattey
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR 6302 CNRS), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Paul Fleurat-Lessard
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR 6302 CNRS), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Ghenwa Bouhadir
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA), Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 , 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, Cedex 09, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA), Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 , 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, Cedex 09, France
| | - Jean-Cyrille Hierso
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR 6302 CNRS), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF) , 103 Boulevard Saint Michel, 75005 Paris Cedex, France
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Ceramic Nanocomposites from Tailor-Made Preceramic Polymers. NANOMATERIALS 2015; 5:468-540. [PMID: 28347023 PMCID: PMC5312884 DOI: 10.3390/nano5020468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present Review addresses current developments related to polymer-derived ceramic nanocomposites (PDC-NCs). Different classes of preceramic polymers are briefly introduced and their conversion into ceramic materials with adjustable phase compositions and microstructures is presented. Emphasis is set on discussing the intimate relationship between the chemistry and structural architecture of the precursor and the structural features and properties of the resulting ceramic nanocomposites. Various structural and functional properties of silicon-containing ceramic nanocomposites as well as different preparative strategies to achieve nano-scaled PDC-NC-based ordered structures are highlighted, based on selected ceramic nanocomposite systems. Furthermore, prospective applications of the PDC-NCs such as high-temperature stable materials for thermal protection systems, membranes for hot gas separation purposes, materials for heterogeneous catalysis, nano-confinement materials for hydrogen storage applications as well as anode materials for secondary ion batteries are introduced and discussed in detail.
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Kelly MJ, Broomsgrove AE, Morgan IR, Siewert I, Fitzpatrick P, Smart J, Vidovic D, Aldridge S. Syntheses and Anion Binding Capabilities of Bis(diarylboryl) Ferrocenes and Related Systems. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400152x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Kelly
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Alexander E.J. Broomsgrove
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Ian R. Morgan
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Inke Siewert
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Philip Fitzpatrick
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Jessica Smart
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Dragoslav Vidovic
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
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Braunschweig H, Damme A, Gamon D, Kelch H, Krummenacher I, Kupfer T, Radacki K. Synthesis, Coordination Behavior, and Reduction Chemistry of Cymantrenyl‐1,3‐bis(2,3,4,5‐tetraphenyl)borole. Chemistry 2012; 18:8430-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius–Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 931‐31‐84623
| | - Alexander Damme
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius–Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 931‐31‐84623
| | - Daniela Gamon
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius–Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 931‐31‐84623
| | - Hauke Kelch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius–Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 931‐31‐84623
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius–Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 931‐31‐84623
| | - Thomas Kupfer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius–Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 931‐31‐84623
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius–Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 931‐31‐84623
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Lorbach A, Hübner A, Wagner M. Aryl(hydro)boranes: versatile building blocks for boron-doped π-electron materials. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:6048-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30118k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Kong J, Schmalz T, Motz G, Müller AHE. Novel Hyperbranched Ferrocene-Containing Poly(boro)carbosilanes Synthesized via a Convenient “A2 + B3” Approach. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma1029086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Kong
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, P. R. China
- Macromolecular Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmalz
- Ceramic Materials Engineering, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Günter Motz
- Ceramic Materials Engineering, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Axel H. E. Müller
- Macromolecular Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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Kunz K, Bolte M, Lerner HW, Wagner M. Photochemistry of Cymantrenyl Scorpionates: Formation of a Novel Tritopic Cyclopentadienyl/Scorpionate Hybrid Ligand. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om900190r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Kunz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
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Kaufmann L, Vitze H, Bolte M, Lerner HW, Wagner M. 9-Ferrocenyl-9-borafluorene—A Redox-Switchable Main Group Lewis Acid. Organometallics 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/om800803f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Kaufmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Hannes Vitze
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
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