1
|
Masson L, Wilson J, Amir Hamzah AS, Tachedjian G, Payne M. Advances in mass spectrometry technologies to characterize cervicovaginal microbiome functions that impact spontaneous preterm birth. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 90:e13750. [PMID: 37491925 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young children. Infection is a major cause of this adverse outcome, particularly in PTBs characterised by spontaneous rupture of membranes, referred to as spontaneous (s)PTB. However, the aetiology of sPTB is not well defined and specific bacteria associated with sPTB differ between studies and at the individual level. This may be due to many factors including a lack of understanding of strain-level differences in bacteria that influence how they function and interact with each other and the host. Metaproteomics and metabolomics are mass spectrometry-based methods that enable the collection of detailed microbial and host functional information. Technological advances in this field have dramatically increased the resolution of these approaches, enabling the simultaneous detection of thousands of proteins or metabolites. These data can be used for taxonomic analysis of vaginal bacteria and other microbes, to understand microbiome-host interactions, and identify diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Although these methods have been used to assess host proteins and metabolites, few have characterized the microbial compartment in the context of pregnancy. The utilisation of metaproteomic and metabolomic-based approaches has the potential to vastly improve our understanding of the mechanisms leading to sPTB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindi Masson
- Disease Elimination Program, Life Sciences Discipline, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jenna Wilson
- Disease Elimination Program, Life Sciences Discipline, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Aleya Sarah Amir Hamzah
- Disease Elimination Program, Life Sciences Discipline, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gilda Tachedjian
- Disease Elimination Program, Life Sciences Discipline, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew Payne
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim T, Chung HS, Lee HS, Uthaman S, Park IK, Park K. Effects of retinoid-loaded hyaluronic acid nanomicelles on vaginal epithelium in a murine menopause model. Investig Clin Urol 2023; 64:182-188. [PMID: 36882178 PMCID: PMC9995954 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20220366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to develop hyaluronic acid (HA)-based, retinoic acid (RA)-containing nanomicelles and to investigate the effects of these newly developed nanomicelles on regeneration of the vaginal epithelium and aquaporin 3 (AQP3) expression in a murine menopause model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The HA-based, RA-loaded nanomicelles were developed, and the RA-loading rate, encapsulation efficiency, and hydrodynamic diameter were measured. Female BALB/c mice (8 weeks; n=30) were divided into control and experimental groups. Menopause was established in the experimental group by removing both ovaries. The experimental group was further divided into an ovariectomy group, an HA-C18 vehicle group, and an HA-C18-RA group (2.5 µg per mouse); vaginal administration of HA-C18 or HA-C18-RA was performed once daily. After 4 weeks of treatment, murine vaginal tissue was removed, and histological analysis was performed. RESULTS Three drug-loaded nanomicelles were synthesized: the RA content in HA-C18-RA-10, HA-C18-RA-20, and HA-C18-RA-30 was 3.13%, 2.52%, and 16.67%, respectively, and the RA encapsulation efficiency was 95.57%, 83.92%, and 93.24%, respectively. In the experimental versus control group, serum estrogen levels were significantly reduced, and the vaginal mucosal epithelial layer was significantly thinner. After 4 weeks of treatment, the thickness of the vaginal mucosal epithelial layer and AQP3 expression was increased in the HA-C18-RA group compared with the HA-C18 vehicle group. CONCLUSIONS The newly developed HA-based nanomicelles containing RA resulted in vaginal epithelial recovery and increased AQP3 expression. The results may contribute to the development of functional vaginal lubricants or moisturizers for the treatment of vaginal dryness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taehee Kim
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ho Seok Chung
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyun-Suk Lee
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Saji Uthaman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Global Future Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Global Future Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kwangsung Park
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
A Novel Conserved Protein in Streptococcus agalactiae, BvaP, Is Important for Vaginal Colonization and Biofilm Formation. mSphere 2022; 7:e0042122. [PMID: 36218343 PMCID: PMC9769775 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00421-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus [GBS]) infections in neonates are often fatal and strongly associated with maternal GBS vaginal colonization. Here, we investigated the role of an uncharacterized protein, BvaP, in GBS vaginal colonization. bvaP was previously identified as the most highly upregulated gene in the GBS A909 transcriptome when comparing vaginal colonization to growth in liquid culture. We found that the absence of BvaP affects the ability of GBS to adhere to extracellular matrix components and human vaginal epithelial cells, and the ability of a ΔbvaP mutant to colonize the murine vaginal tract was significantly decreased. Cellular morphological alterations such as changes in cell shape, chain length, and clumping were also observed in a knockout mutant strain. Given its high expression level in vivo, high degree of conservation among GBS strains, and role in vaginal colonization, BvaP may be an eligible target for GBS vaccination and/or drug therapy. IMPORTANCE Neonatal GBS disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and maternal vaginal colonization is the leading risk factor for the disease. Colonization prevention would greatly impact the rates of disease transmission, but vaccine development has stalled as capsular polysaccharide vaccines have low immunogenicity in vivo. While these vaccines are still in development, the addition of a protein conjugate may prove fruitful in increasing immunogenicity and strain coverage across GBS serotypes. Previous research identified sak_1753 as a highly upregulated gene during murine vaginal colonization. This study reveals that Sak_1753 is required to maintain proper GBS cellular morphology and colonization phenotypes and is required for full in vivo vaginal colonization in a murine model. We have renamed Sak_1753 group B streptococcus vaginal adherence protein (BvaP). The findings of this study indicate that BvaP is important for GBS colonization of the vaginal tract and, given its high expression level in vivo and strain conservation, may be a candidate for vaccine development.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ueda Y, Mogami H, Kawamura Y, Takakura M, Inohaya A, Yasuda E, Matsuzaka Y, Chigusa Y, Ito S, Mandai M, Kondoh E. Cervical MUC5B and MUC5AC are Barriers to Ascending Pathogens During Pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:3010-3021. [PMID: 36112402 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cervical excision is a risk factor for preterm birth. This suggests that the cervix plays an essential role in the maintenance of pregnancy. OBJECTIVE We investigated the role of the cervix through proteomic analysis of cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) from pregnant women after trachelectomy surgery, the natural model of a lack of cervix. METHODS The proteome compositions of CVF in pregnant women after trachelectomy were compared with those in control pregnant women by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and label-free relative quantification. MUC5B/AC expression in the human and murine cervices was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Regulation of MUC5B/AC expression by sex steroids was assessed in primary human cervical epithelial cells. In a pregnant mouse model of ascending infection, Escherichia coli or phosphate-buffered saline was inoculated into the vagina at 16.5 dpc, and the cervices were collected at 17.5 dpc. RESULTS The expression of MUC5B/5AC in cervicovaginal fluid was decreased in pregnant women after trachelectomy concomitant with the anatomical loss of cervical glands. Post-trachelectomy women delivered at term when MUC5B/AC abundance was greater than the mean normalized abundance of the control. MUC5B levels in the cervix were increased during pregnancy in both humans and mice. MUC5B mRNA was increased by addition of estradiol in human cervical epithelial cells, whereas MUC5AC was not. In a pregnant mouse model of ascending infection, E. coli was trapped in the MUC5B/AC-expressing mucin of the cervix, and neutrophils were colocalized there. CONCLUSION Endocervical MUC5B and MUC5AC may be barriers to ascending pathogens during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Ueda
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Haruta Mogami
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kawamura
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahito Takakura
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Asako Inohaya
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Eriko Yasuda
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yu Matsuzaka
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Chigusa
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shinji Ito
- Medical Research Support Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masaki Mandai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Eiji Kondoh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
N-glycosylation of cervicovaginal fluid reflects microbial community, immune activity, and pregnancy status. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16948. [PMID: 36216861 PMCID: PMC9551102 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20608-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) is a complex, functionally important and glycan rich biological fluid, fundamental in mediating physiological events associated with reproductive health. Using a comprehensive glycomic strategy we reveal an extremely rich and complex N-glycome in CVF of pregnant and non-pregnant women, abundant in paucimannose and high mannose glycans, complex glycans with 2-4 N-Acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) antennae, and Poly-LacNAc glycans decorated with fucosylation and sialylation. N-glycosylation profiles were observed to differ in relation to pregnancy status, microbial composition, immune activation, and pregnancy outcome. Compared to CVF from women experiencing term birth, CVF from women who subsequently experienced preterm birth showed lower sialylation, which correlated to the presence of a diverse microbiome, and higher fucosylation, which correlated positively to pro-inflammatory cytokine concentration. This study is the first step towards better understanding the role of cervicovaginal glycans in reproductive health, their contribution to the mechanism of microbial driven preterm birth, and their potential for preventative therapy.
Collapse
|
6
|
Gyokova EH, Ivanova-Yoncheva YG, Popov YD, Anzaar AA, Pradip G, Bhamidipati S, Owusu H, Yogeswaran K. Determination of preterm labour with pIGFBP-1 and cervical biometrics. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2022; 64:302-308. [DOI: 10.3897/folmed.64.e62153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: A staggering 30% of deaths in neonates are caused by preterm births. The most common cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality around the world is due to preterm births, also referred to as premature. Hence, the ability to predict preterm births would result in significantly reduced fatalities.
The likelihood of predicting a premature birth can be measured by the cervical length; however, there are other diagnostic procedures which utilize the contents of the cervico-vaginal fluid (CVF) for a more precise diagnosis. The latter also aids in detecting other pregnancy related anomalies. The phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (pIGFBP-1) is an example of a clinical biomarker which is frequently tested as it proves to be an indicator to predict preterm labour.
Aim: Thus, in this study, our aim was to evaluate the accuracy of pIGFBP-1 as a marker of preterm labour when coupled with cervical biometrics.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study of 32 pregnant women was conducted. The patients were split into 2 groups in which Group A consisted of those at risk of preterm labour and Group B – of women with normal and uncomplicated pregnancies. All participants were tested for pIGFBP-1 along with gathering data of transvaginal measurements of their cervical length.
Results: We found in all participants in the study a moderate association between the expression of pIGFBP-1 in the CVF and the onset of preterm birth. Eight patients showed positive results amongst the symptomatic patients and as predicted, within 14 days, 6 of those patients did go into preterm labour.
Conclusion: Appropriate scanning for pregnant women can be of excellent value as it has the potential to reduce the number of premature babies being born; this would also mean that the health complications associated with premature births can be prevented.
Collapse
|
7
|
Protease activities of vaginal Porphyromonas species disrupt coagulation and extracellular matrix in the cervicovaginal niche. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2022; 8:8. [PMID: 35190575 PMCID: PMC8861167 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas asaccharolytica and Porphyromonas uenonis are common inhabitants of the vaginal microbiome, but their presence has been linked to adverse health outcomes for women, including bacterial vaginosis and preterm birth. However, little is known about the pathogenesis mechanisms of these bacteria. The related oral opportunistic pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis, is comparatively well-studied and known to secrete numerous extracellular matrix-targeting proteases. Among these are the gingipain family of cysteine proteases that drive periodontal disease progression and hematogenic transmission to the placenta. In this study, we demonstrate that vaginal Porphyromonas species secrete broad-acting proteases capable of freely diffusing within the cervicovaginal niche. These proteases degrade collagens that are enriched within the cervix (type I) and chorioamniotic membranes (type IV), as well as fibrinogen, which inhibits clot formation. Bioinformatic queries confirmed the absence of gingipain orthologs and identified five serine, cysteine, and metalloprotease candidates in each species. Inhibition assays revealed that each species’ proteolytic activity can be partially attributed to a secreted metalloprotease with broad substrate specificity that is distantly related to the P. gingivalis endopeptidase PepO. This characterization of virulence activities in vaginal Porphyromonas species highlights their potential to alter the homeostasis of reproductive tissues and harm human pregnancy through clotting disruption, fetal membrane weakening, and premature cervical remodeling.
Collapse
|
8
|
Martínez-Rodríguez F, Limones-González JE, Mendoza-Almanza B, Esparza-Ibarra EL, Gallegos-Flores PI, Ayala-Luján JL, Godina-González S, Salinas E, Mendoza-Almanza G. Understanding Cervical Cancer through Proteomics. Cells 2021; 10:1854. [PMID: 34440623 PMCID: PMC8391734 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading public health issues worldwide, and the number of cancer patients increases every day. Particularly, cervical cancer (CC) is still the second leading cause of cancer death in women from developing countries. Thus, it is essential to deepen our knowledge about the molecular pathogenesis of CC and propose new therapeutic targets and new methods to diagnose this disease in its early stages. Differential expression analysis using high-throughput techniques applied to biological samples allows determining the physiological state of normal cells and the changes produced by cancer development. The cluster of differential molecular profiles in the genome, the transcriptome, or the proteome is analyzed in the disease, and it is called the molecular signature of cancer. Proteomic analysis of biological samples of patients with different grades of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and CC has served to elucidate the pathways involved in the development and progression of cancer and identify cervical proteins associated with CC. However, several cervical carcinogenesis mechanisms are still unclear. Detecting pathologies in their earliest stages can significantly improve a patient's survival rate, prognosis, and recurrence. The present review is an update on the proteomic study of CC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Martínez-Rodríguez
- Microbiology Department, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Mexico;
| | | | - Brenda Mendoza-Almanza
- Academic Unit of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98068, Mexico; (B.M.-A.); (E.L.E.-I.); (P.I.G.-F.)
| | - Edgar L. Esparza-Ibarra
- Academic Unit of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98068, Mexico; (B.M.-A.); (E.L.E.-I.); (P.I.G.-F.)
| | - Perla I. Gallegos-Flores
- Academic Unit of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98068, Mexico; (B.M.-A.); (E.L.E.-I.); (P.I.G.-F.)
| | - Jorge L. Ayala-Luján
- Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (J.L.A.-L.); (S.G.-G.)
| | - Susana Godina-González
- Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (J.L.A.-L.); (S.G.-G.)
| | - Eva Salinas
- Microbiology Department, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Mexico;
| | - Gretel Mendoza-Almanza
- Master in Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico;
- National Council of Science and Technology, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Costantini PE, Firrincieli A, Fedi S, Parolin C, Viti C, Cappelletti M, Vitali B. Insight into phenotypic and genotypic differences between vaginal Lactobacillus crispatus BC5 and Lactobacillus gasseri BC12 to unravel nutritional and stress factors influencing their metabolic activity. Microb Genom 2021; 7. [PMID: 34096840 PMCID: PMC8461478 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The vaginal microbiota, normally characterized by lactobacilli presence, is crucial for vaginal health. Members belonging to L. crispatus and L. gasseri species exert crucial protective functions against pathogens, although a total comprehension of factors that influence their dominance in healthy women is still lacking. Here we investigated the complete genome sequence and comprehensive phenotypic profile of L. crispatus strain BC5 and L. gasseri strain BC12, two vaginal strains featured by anti-bacterial and anti-viral activities. Phenotype microarray (PM) results revealed an improved capacity of BC5 to utilize different carbon sources as compared to BC12, although some specific carbon sources that can be associated to the human diet were only metabolized by BC12, i.e. uridine, amygdalin, tagatose. Additionally, the two strains were mostly distinct in the capacity to utilize the nitrogen sources under analysis. On the other hand, BC12 showed tolerance/resistance towards twice the number of stressors (i.e. antibiotics, toxic metals etc.) with respect to BC5. The divergent phenotypes observed in PM were supported by the identification in either BC5 or BC12 of specific genetic determinants that were found to be part of the core genome of each species. The PM results in combination with comparative genome data provide insights into the possible environmental factors and genetic traits supporting the predominance of either L. crispatus BC5 or L. gasseri BC12 in the vaginal niche, giving also indications for metabolic predictions at the species level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Firrincieli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Fedi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carola Parolin
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Viti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Martina Cappelletti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Beatrice Vitali
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim YE, Kim K, Oh HB, Lee SK, Kang D. Quantitative proteomic profiling of Cervicovaginal fluid from pregnant women with term and preterm birth. Proteome Sci 2021; 19:3. [PMID: 33588889 PMCID: PMC7885372 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-021-00171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preterm birth (PTB) is one of major causes of perinatal mortality and neonatal morbidity, but knowledge of its complex etiology is still limited. Here we present cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) protein profiles of pregnant women who subsequently delivered at spontaneous preterm or term, aiming to identify differentially expressed CVF proteins in PTB and term birth. Methods The CVF proteome of women who sequentially delivered at preterm and term was analyzed using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) coupled with two-dimensional nanoflow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (2D-nLC-MS/MS). We compared the CVF proteome of PTB (n = 5) and control subjects (term birth, n = 7) using pooled control CVF (term birth, n = 20) as spike-in standard. Results We identified 1294 CVF proteins, of which 605 were newly identified proteins. Of 990 proteins quantified in both PTB and term birth, 52 proteins were significantly up/down-regulated in PTB compared to term birth. The differentially expressed proteins were functionally associated to immune response, endopeptidase inhibitors and structural constituent of cytoskeleton. Finally, we confirm the down-regulation of SERPINB7 (a serine-type protease inhibitor) in PTB compared to control by Western blot. Conclusions Taken together, our study provide quantitative CVF proteome profiles of pregnant women who ultimately delivered at preterm and term. These promising results could help to improve the understanding of PTB etiology and to discover biomarkers for asymptomatic PTB. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12953-021-00171-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Eun Kim
- Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Chemical and Medical Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, 267 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Kwonseong Kim
- Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Chemical and Medical Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, 267 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, South Korea
| | - Han Bin Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, South Korea
| | - Sung Ki Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konyang University Hospital, 158 Gasuwondong-Ro, Seo-Gu, Daejeon, 3535, South Korea.
| | - Dukjin Kang
- Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Chemical and Medical Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, 267 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huang L, Shao D, Wang Y, Cui X, Li Y, Chen Q, Cui J. Human body-fluid proteome: quantitative profiling and computational prediction. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:315-333. [PMID: 32020158 PMCID: PMC7820883 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbz160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Empowered by the advancement of high-throughput bio technologies, recent research on body-fluid proteomes has led to the discoveries of numerous novel disease biomarkers and therapeutic drugs. In the meantime, a tremendous progress in disclosing the body-fluid proteomes was made, resulting in a collection of over 15 000 different proteins detected in major human body fluids. However, common challenges remain with current proteomics technologies about how to effectively handle the large variety of protein modifications in those fluids. To this end, computational effort utilizing statistical and machine-learning approaches has shown early successes in identifying biomarker proteins in specific human diseases. In this article, we first summarized the experimental progresses using a combination of conventional and high-throughput technologies, along with the major discoveries, and focused on current research status of 16 types of body-fluid proteins. Next, the emerging computational work on protein prediction based on support vector machine, ranking algorithm, and protein-protein interaction network were also surveyed, followed by algorithm and application discussion. At last, we discuss additional critical concerns about these topics and close the review by providing future perspectives especially toward the realization of clinical disease biomarker discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Huang
- College of Computer Science and Technology in the Jilin University
| | - Dan Shao
- College of Computer Science and Technology in the Jilin University
- College of Computer Science and Technology in Changchun University
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Computer Science and Technology in the Jilin University
| | - Xueteng Cui
- College of Computer Science and Technology in the Changchun University
| | - Yufei Li
- College of Computer Science and Technology in the Changchun University
| | - Qian Chen
- College of Computer Science and Technology in the Jilin University
| | - Juan Cui
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering in the University of Nebraska-Lincoln
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Parry S, Leite R, Esplin MS, Bukowski R, Zhang H, Varner M, Andrews WW, Saade GR, Ilekis J, Reddy UM, Huang H, Sadovsky Y, Blair IA, Biggio J. Cervicovaginal fluid proteomic analysis to identify potential biomarkers for preterm birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 222:493.e1-493.e13. [PMID: 31758918 PMCID: PMC7196033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.11.1252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spontaneous preterm birth is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Early identification of at-risk women by reliable screening tests could reduce the spontaneous preterm birth rate, but conventional methods such as obstetrical history and maternal cervical length screening identify only a minority of spontaneous preterm birth cases. Cervicovaginal fluid might prove to be a useful, readily available biological fluid for identifying spontaneous preterm birth biomarkers. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to identify cervicovaginal fluid biomarkers of early spontaneous preterm birth in a high-risk cohort of pregnant women with a history of spontaneous preterm birth using targeted and shotgun proteomic analyses. STUDY DESIGN A nested case control study (cases were spontaneous preterm birth <34 weeks in the current pregnancy; controls were spontaneous labor and delivery at 39-41 weeks) was performed using cervicovaginal fluid samples collected at 3 study visits (100/7 to 186/7 weeks, 190/7 to 236/7 weeks, and 280/7 to 316/7 weeks). All participants had a history of at least 1 prior spontaneous preterm birth. Targeted proteomic analysis was performed using a stable isotope-labeled proteome derived from endocervical and vaginal mucosal cells. This served as a standard to quantitate candidate protein levels in individual cervicovaginal fluid samples from the second and third study visits using liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry. The ratio of endogenous peptide area/stable isotope-labeled proteome-derived peptide area was used to measure levels of 42 peptides in 22 proteins. To maximize biomarker discovery in the cervicovaginal fluid samples, shotgun proteomic analysis also was performed utilizing liquid chromatography and ion trap mass spectrometry. A validation study was performed in second-trimester cervicovaginal fluid samples from an independent study group (12 spontaneous preterm birth cases, 19 term delivery controls) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for 5 proteins expressed at higher levels in spontaneous preterm birth cases compared with controls in targeted or shotgun proteomic analyses. RESULTS For targeted proteomics, cervicovaginal fluid samples from 33 cases and 32 controls at 190/7 to 236/7 weeks and 16 cases and 14 controls at 280/7 to 316/7 weeks from the same pregnancies were analyzed. When samples were compared between cases and controls, the relative abundance of 5 proteins was greater (P = .02-.05) in cases at both visits, while the relative abundance of 1 protein was lower (P = .03) in cases at both visits. For shotgun proteomics analyses, cervicovaginal fluid samples were pooled for 9 spontaneous preterm birth cases and 9 term delivery controls at each study visit. Shotgun proteomics yielded 28 proteins that were detected at levels >2 times higher and 1 protein that was detected at a level <0.5 times lower in spontaneous preterm birth cases compared with controls at all 3 study visits. Validation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for 5 proteins that were detected at higher levels in cervicovaginal fluid samples from spontaneous preterm birth cases compared with term delivery controls in proteomics analyses did not demonstrate statistically significant differences between spontaneous preterm birth cases and controls. CONCLUSIONS Potential biomarkers of spontaneous preterm birth were identified by targeted and shotgun proteomics analyses in cervicovaginal fluid samples from high-risk, asymptomatic women. Many of the proteins detected at higher levels in cervicovaginal fluid samples from spontaneous preterm birth cases are extracellular matrix proteins and/or regulate cell membrane physiology. These proteins have substantial biological interest, but validation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for 5 of these proteins did not yield clinically useful biomarkers for spontaneous preterm birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Parry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Rita Leite
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Radek Bukowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Heping Zhang
- Collaborative Center for Statistics in Science, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
| | - Michael Varner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - William W Andrews
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - George R Saade
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - John Ilekis
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD
| | - Uma M Reddy
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hao Huang
- Collaborative Center for Statistics in Science, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
| | - Yoel Sadovsky
- Magee Women's Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ian A Blair
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Joseph Biggio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cappelletti M, Presicce P, Kallapur SG. Immunobiology of Acute Chorioamnionitis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:649. [PMID: 32373122 PMCID: PMC7177011 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute chorioamnionitis is characterized by neutrophilic infiltration and inflammation at the maternal fetal interface. It is a relatively common complication of pregnancy and can have devastating consequences including preterm labor, maternal infections, fetal infection/inflammation, fetal lung, brain, and gastrointestinal tract injury. In this review, we will discuss current understanding of the pathogenesis, immunobiology, and mechanisms of this condition. Most commonly, acute chorioamnionitis is a result of ascending infection with relatively low-virulence organisms such as the Ureaplasma species. Furthermore, recent vaginal microbiome studies suggest that there is a link between vaginal dysbiosis, vaginal inflammation, and ascending infection. Although less common, microorganisms invading the maternal-fetal interface via hematogenous route (e.g., Zika virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Listeria) can cause placental villitis and severe fetal inflammation and injury. We will provide an overview of the knowledge gleaned from different animal models of acute chorioamnionitis and the role of different immune cells in different maternal-fetal compartments. Lastly, we will discuss how infectious agents can break the maternal tolerance of fetal allograft during pregnancy and highlight the novel future therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cappelletti
- Divisions of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pietro Presicce
- Divisions of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Suhas G Kallapur
- Divisions of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pan M, Hidalgo-Cantabrana C, Goh YJ, Sanozky-Dawes R, Barrangou R. Comparative Analysis of Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus crispatus Isolated From Human Urogenital and Gastrointestinal Tracts. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:3146. [PMID: 32038579 PMCID: PMC6988505 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus gasseri are two of the main Lactobacillus species found in the healthy vaginal microbiome and have also previously been identified and isolated from the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. These two ecological niches are fundamentally different, notably with regards to the epithelial cell type, nutrient availability, environmental conditions, pH, and microbiome composition. Given the dramatic differences between these two environments, we characterized strains within the same Lactobacillus species isolated from either the vaginal or intestinal tract to assess whether they are phenotypically and genetically different. We compared the genomes of the Lactobacillus strains selected in this study for genetic features of interest, and performed a series of comparative phenotypic assays including small intestinal juice and acid resistance, carbohydrate fermentation profiles, lactic acid production, and host interaction with intestinal Caco-2 and vaginal VK2 cell lines. We also developed a simulated vaginal fluid (SVF) to study bacterial growth in a proxy vaginal environment and conducted differential transcriptomic analysis between SVF and standard laboratory MRS medium. Overall, our results show that although strain-specific variation is observed, some phenotypic differences seem associated with the isolation source. We encourage future probiotic formulation to include isolation source and take into consideration genetic and phenotypic features for use at various body sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meichen Pan
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Claudio Hidalgo-Cantabrana
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Yong Jun Goh
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Rosemary Sanozky-Dawes
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Rodolphe Barrangou
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Galey MM, Young AN, Petukhova VZ, Wang M, Wang J, Salvi A, Russo A, Burdette JE, Sanchez LM. Detection of Ovarian Cancer Using Samples Sourced from the Vaginal Microenvironment. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:503-510. [PMID: 31738564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) offers high levels of specificity and sensitivity in clinical applications, and we have previously been able to demonstrate that matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS is capable of distinguishing two-component cell mixtures at low limits of detection. Ovarian cancer is notoriously difficult to detect due to the lack of diagnostic techniques available to the medical community. By sampling a local microenvironment, such as the vaginal canal and cervix, a MS based method is presented for monitoring disease progression from proximal samples to the diseased tissue. A murine xenograft model of high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) was used for this study, and vaginal lavages were obtained from mice on a weekly basis throughout disease progression and subjected to our MALDI-TOF MS workflow followed by statistical analyses. Proteins in the 4-20 kDa region of the mass spectrum yielded a fingerprint that we could consistently measure over time that correlated with disease progression. These fingerprints were found to be largely stable across all mice, with the protein fingerprint converging toward the end point of the study. MALDI-TOF MS serves as a unique analytical technique for measuring a sampled vaginal microenvironment in a specific and sensitive manner for the detection of HGSOC in a murine model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Galey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 S Wood Street , Chicago , Illinois 60612 , United States
| | - Alexandria N Young
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 S Wood Street , Chicago , Illinois 60612 , United States
| | - Valentina Z Petukhova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 S Wood Street , Chicago , Illinois 60612 , United States
| | - Mingxun Wang
- Ometa Laboratories , 3210 Merryfield Row , San Diego , California 92121 , United States
| | - Jian Wang
- Ometa Laboratories , 3210 Merryfield Row , San Diego , California 92121 , United States
| | - Amrita Salvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 S Wood Street , Chicago , Illinois 60612 , United States
| | - Angela Russo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 S Wood Street , Chicago , Illinois 60612 , United States
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 S Wood Street , Chicago , Illinois 60612 , United States
| | - Laura M Sanchez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 S Wood Street , Chicago , Illinois 60612 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Starodubtseva NL, Brzhozovskiy AG, Bugrova AE, Kononikhin AS, Indeykina MI, Gusakov KI, Chagovets VV, Nazarova NM, Frankevich VE, Sukhikh GT, Nikolaev EN. Label-free cervicovaginal fluid proteome profiling reflects the cervix neoplastic transformation. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2019; 54:693-703. [PMID: 31116903 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) is a valuable source of clinical information about the female reproductive tract in both nonpregnant and pregnant women. The aim of this study is to specify the CVF proteome at different stages of cervix neoplastic transformation by label-free quantitation approach based on liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. The proteome composition of CVF from 40 women of reproductive age with human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervix neoplastic transformation (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion [LSIL], high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion [HSIL], and CANCER) was investigated. Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis (PCA) of the proteomic data obtained by a label-free quantitation approach show the distribution of the sample set between four major clusters (no intraepithelial lesion or malignancy [NILM], LSIL, HSIL and CANCER) depending on the form of cervical lesion. Multisample ANOVA with subsequent Welch's t test resulted in 117 that changed significantly across the four clinical stages, including 27 proteins significantly changed in cervical cancer. Some of them were indicated as promising biomarkers previously (ACTN4, VTN, ANXA1, CAP1, ANXA2, and MUC5B). CVF proteomic data from the discovery stage were analyzed by the partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) method to build a statistical model, allowing to differentiate severe dysplasia (HSIL and CANCER) from the mild/normal stage (NILM and LSIL), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) were obtained on an independent set of 33 samples. The sensitivity of the model was 77%, and the specificity was 94%; AUC was equal to 0.87. CVF proteome proved to be reflect the stage of cervical epithelium neoplastic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L Starodubtseva
- System Biology Department, V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Ion and Molecular Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander G Brzhozovskiy
- System Biology Department, V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna E Bugrova
- System Biology Department, V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Emanuel Institute for Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey S Kononikhin
- Laboratory of Ion and Molecular Physics, V.L. Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, N.N. Semenov Federal Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Mass Specrometry, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria I Indeykina
- Laboratory of Ion and Molecular Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
- Emanuel Institute for Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kiril I Gusakov
- System Biology Department, V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaliy V Chagovets
- System Biology Department, V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Niso M Nazarova
- System Biology Department, V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir E Frankevich
- System Biology Department, V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady T Sukhikh
- System Biology Department, V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugene N Nikolaev
- Laboratory of Ion and Molecular Physics, V.L. Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, N.N. Semenov Federal Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Mass Specrometry, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abbas N, Lu X, Badshah MA, In JB, Heo WI, Park KY, Lee MK, Kim CH, Kang P, Chang WJ, Kim SM, Seo SJ. Development of a Protein Microarray Chip with Enhanced Fluorescence for Identification of Semen and Vaginal Fluid. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18113874. [PMID: 30423842 PMCID: PMC6263525 DOI: 10.3390/s18113874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The detection of body fluids has been used to identify a suspect and build a criminal case. As the amount of evidence collected at a crime site is limited, a multiplex identification system for body fluids using a small amount of sample is required. In this study, we proposed a multiplex detection platform using an Ag vertical nanorod metal enhanced fluorescence (MEF) substrate for semen and vaginal fluid (VF), which are important evidence in cases of sexual crime. The Ag nanorod MEF substrate with a length of 500 nm was fabricated by glancing angle deposition, and amino functionalization was conducted to improve binding ability. The effect of incubation time was analyzed, and an incubation time of 60 min was selected, at which the fluorescence signal was saturated. To assess the performance of the developed identification chip, the identification of semen and VF was carried out. The developed sensor could selectively identify semen and VF without any cross-reactivity. The limit of detection of the fabricated microarray chip was 10 times better than the commercially available rapid stain identification (RSID) Semen kit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naseem Abbas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Xun Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Mohsin Ali Badshah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Jung Bin In
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Won Il Heo
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, 102 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06973, Korea.
| | - Kui Young Park
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, 102 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06973, Korea.
| | - Mi-Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, 102 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06973, Korea.
| | - Cho Hee Kim
- Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, 10 Ipchun-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26460, Korea.
| | - Pilwon Kang
- Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, 10 Ipchun-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26460, Korea.
| | - Woo-Jin Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N Cramer St, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA.
| | - Seok-Min Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Seong Jun Seo
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, 102 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06973, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Magnadóttir B, Hayes P, Hristova M, Bragason BT, Nicholas AP, Dodds AW, Guðmundsdóttir S, Lange S. Post-translational protein deimination in cod (Gadus morhua L.) ontogeny novel roles in tissue remodelling and mucosal immune defences? DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 87:157-170. [PMID: 29908202 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) are calcium dependent enzymes with physiological and pathophysiological roles conserved throughout phylogeny. PADs promote post-translational deimination of protein arginine to citrulline, altering the structure and function of target proteins. Deiminated proteins were detected in the early developmental stages of cod from 11 days post fertilisation to 70 days post hatching. Deiminated proteins were present in mucosal surfaces and in liver, pancreas, spleen, gut, muscle, brain and eye during early cod larval development. Deiminated protein targets identified in skin mucosa included nuclear histones; cytoskeletal proteins such as tubulin and beta-actin; metabolic and immune related proteins such as galectin, mannan-binding lectin, toll-like receptor, kininogen, Beta2-microglobulin, aldehyde dehydrogenase, bloodthirsty and preproapolipoprotein A-I. Deiminated histone H3, a marker for anti-pathogenic neutrophil extracellular traps, was particularly elevated in mucosal tissues in immunostimulated cod larvae. PAD-mediated protein deimination may facilitate protein moonlighting, allowing the same protein to exhibit a range of biological functions, in tissue remodelling and mucosal immune defences in teleost ontogeny.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bergljót Magnadóttir
- Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland, Keldur v. Vesturlandsveg, 112 Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Polly Hayes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Westminster, London, W1W 6UW, UK.
| | - Mariya Hristova
- Perinatal Brain Protection and Repair Group, EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, WC1E 6HX, London, UK.
| | - Birkir Thor Bragason
- Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland, Keldur v. Vesturlandsveg, 112 Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Anthony P Nicholas
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Alister W Dodds
- MRC Immunochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Sigríður Guðmundsdóttir
- Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland, Keldur v. Vesturlandsveg, 112 Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Sigrun Lange
- Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Westminster, London, W1W 6UW, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
A complementary forensic ‘proteo-genomic’ approach for the direct identification of biological fluid traces under fingernails. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6165-6175. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1223-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
20
|
SliC is a surface-displayed lipoprotein that is required for the anti-lysozyme strategy during Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007081. [PMID: 29975784 PMCID: PMC6033465 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysozymes are nearly omnipresent as the first line of immune defense against microbes in animals. They exert bactericidal action through antimicrobial peptide activity and peptidoglycan hydrolysis. Gram-negative bacteria developed several weapons to battle lysozymes, including inhibitors of c-type lysozymes in the MliC/PliC family and the Neisseria adhesin complex protein (ACP). Until the recent discovery of ACP, no proteinaceous lysozyme inhibitors were reported for the genus Neisseria, including the important human pathogen N. gonorrhoeae. Here, we describe a previously unrecognized gonococcal virulence mechanism involving a protein encoded by the open reading frame ngo1063 that acts to counteract c-type Iysozyme and provides a competitive advantage in the murine model of gonorrhea. We named this protein SliC as a surface-exposed lysozyme inhibitor of c-type lysozyme. SliC displays low overall primary sequence similarity to the MliC/PliC inhibitors, but we demonstrate that it has a parallel inhibitory mechanism. Our studies provide the first evidence that bacterial proteinaceous lysozyme inhibitors protect against host lysozyme during infection based on lack of attenuation of the ΔsliC mutant in lysozyme knock-out mice, and that the conserved residues involved in lysozyme inhibition, S83 and K103, are functionally indispensable during infection in wild type mice. Recombinant SliC completely abrogated the lytic activity of human and chicken c-type lysozymes, showing a preference towards human lysozyme with an IC50 of 1.85 μM and calculated KD value of 9.2 ± 1.9 μM. In contrast, mutated SliC bearing S83A and K103A substitutions failed to protect fluorescein-labeled cell-wall from lysozyme-mediated hydrolysis. Further, we present data revealing that SliC is a surface-displayed lipoprotein released in membrane vesicles that is expressed throughout all phases of growth, in conditions relevant to different niches of the human host, and during experimental infection of the murine genital tract. SliC is also highly conserved and expressed by diverse gonococcal isolates as well as N. meningitidis, N. lactamica, and N. weaveri. This study is the first to highlight the importance of an anti-lysozyme strategy to escape the innate immune response during N. gonorrhoeae infection. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the etiologic agent of gonorrhea, is a clinically important pathogen due to the emergence of multi-drug resistance and the lack of a vaccine(s). During host colonization, pathogenic and commensal Neisseria inevitably encounter lysozyme, a major host innate defense factor that is abundantly present in epithelial secretions and phagocytic cells. Although Neisseria spp produce a c-type lysozyme inhibitor, the Adhesin Complex Protein, the significance of lysozyme inhibition for host colonization has not been addressed. Here we demonstrate the existence of a new c-type lysozyme inhibitor in Neisseria. We show that it is a surface-displayed lipoprotein in N. gonorrhoeae and, through its lysozyme-blocking function, plays a critical role in colonization of genital tract mucosae during infection in the female gonorrhea mouse model. We named the protein SliC as a surface-exposed lysozyme inhibitor of c-type lysozyme. Understanding the mechanisms underlying anti-lysozyme strategies may facilitate antimicrobial development.
Collapse
|
21
|
Optimising the collection of female genital tract fluid for cytokine analysis in pregnant women. J Immunol Methods 2018; 458:15-20. [PMID: 29625077 PMCID: PMC5981004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction To better understand the immunology of pregnancy, study of female genital tract fluid (FGF) is desirable. However the optimum method of collection of FGF in pregnant women for immunological methods, specifically cytokine measurement, is unknown. Methods A prospective study of HIV-uninfected pregnant women comparing two methods of FGF collection: polyvinyl acetal sponge collection of cervical fluid (CF) and menstrual cup collection of cervicovaginal fluid (CVF). Samples were collected at 3 time points across the second and third trimesters: 14–21, 22–25 and 26–31 weeks. Multiplex chemi-luminescent assays were used to measure: IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13 and TNF-α. Optimal methodology for cytokine normalisation (sample weight, volume and total protein) was explored. Results All cytokines were measurable in both fluid types. IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-6 were detected at the highest concentrations (ranking order CF > CVF > plasma). CVF collection was simpler, provided the largest volume of sample (median 0.5 g) with the potential for undiluted usage, and allowed for self-insertion. CF cytokine concentrations were intrinsically associated with sample weight and protein concentration however CVF cytokines were independent of these. Conclusion Both methods of collection are robust for measurement of FGF cytokines during pregnancy. We recommend CVF collection using a menstrual cup as a viable option in pregnant women for high dimensional biological techniques. PVA sponges and MCs are robust methods for measuring FGF cytokines in pregnancy. MCs enable collection of large undiluted CVF volumes for high dimensional assays. CVF (not CF) cytokine concentrations are largely independent of sample weight or protein. Self-insertion and short collection time of MCs is an attractive option to women. Cytokine concentrations are higher in sponge samples reflecting the CF immune site.
Collapse
|
22
|
Van Ostade X, Dom M, Tjalma W, Van Raemdonck G. Candidate biomarkers in the cervical vaginal fluid for the (self-)diagnosis of cervical precancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2017; 297:295-311. [PMID: 29143101 PMCID: PMC5778162 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-017-4587-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Despite improvement in vaccines against human papilloma virus (HPV), the causative agent of cervical cancer, screening women for cervical precancer will remain indispensable in the coming 30–40 years. A simple test that could be performed at home or at a doctor’s practice and that informs the woman whether she is at risk would significantly help make a broader group of patients who aware that they need medical treatment. Cervical vaginal fluid (CVF) is a body fluid that is very well suited for such a test. Methods Narrative review of cervical (pre)cancer candidate biomarkers from cervicovaginal fluid, is based on a detailed review of the literature. We will also discuss the possibilities that these biomarkers create for the development of a self-test or point-of-care test for cervical (pre)cancer. Results Several DNA, DNA methylation, miRNA, and protein biomarkers were identified in the cervical vaginal fluid; however, not all of these biomarkers are suited for development of a simple diagnostic assay. Conclusions Proteins, especially alpha-actinin-4, are most suited for development of a simple assay for cervical (pre)cancer. Accuracy of the test could further be improved by combination of several proteins or by combination with a new type of biomarker, e.g., originating from the cervicovaginal microbiome or metabolome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xaveer Van Ostade
- Laboratory of Protein Science, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium. .,Centre for Proteomics (CfP), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Martin Dom
- Laboratory of Protein Science, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Centre for Proteomics (CfP), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Wiebren Tjalma
- Gynecological Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Multidisciplinary Breast Clinic, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Geert Van Raemdonck
- Laboratory of Protein Science, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Centre for Proteomics (CfP), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jankowski M, Kodyra E, Kaszubowska J, Czajkowski R. Characterization of patients with suspected hypersensitivity to cervicovaginal fluid. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 32:86-90. [PMID: 28837242 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic reaction to seminal plasma was described decades ago. In USA, only tens of thousands women are estimated to be affected. Not only seminal plasma but also cervicovaginal fluid contains sex-restricted antigens, yet allergy to cervicovaginal fluid has never been reported in medical literature. We came to a suspicion that because immunologic tests required to prove such a diagnosis, allergy to cervicovaginal fluid has never been reported yet it is not uncommon. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to use an Internet-based questionnaire to characterize the population of men with suspected hypersensitivity to cervicovaginal fluid. METHODS A questionnaire designed to cover localized and systemic symptoms of hypersensitivity reaction was made available via the Internet. Respondents with postcoital adverse reactions were invited to participate. Only respondents who presented with at least two symptoms suggestive to hypersensitivity to seminal plasma or cervicovaginal fluid and were negative for STI, and known hypersensitivity reactions such as latex allergy were a subject for further analysis. Board-certified dermatologists were surveyed for seeing bona fide cases of cervicovaginal fluid hypersensitivity. RESULTS We have identified 52 cases of suspected hypersensitivity to cervicovaginal fluid (CVF). Both localized and systemic types of hypersensitivity were identified. A substantial number of dermatologists admitted to witnessing cases of hypersensitivity to CVF. CONCLUSION Based on data from affected individuals as well as the opinions of dermatologists worldwide, we believe that allergic reaction to cervicovaginal fluid is at least as common as seminal plasma allergy. However, remains unreported due to technical difficulties in diagnosis and dermatologists' disbelief in its actual existence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Jankowski
- Chair of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Imuunodermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - E Kodyra
- Chair of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Imuunodermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - J Kaszubowska
- Chair of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Imuunodermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - R Czajkowski
- Chair of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Imuunodermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Preliminary study on plasma proteins in pregnant and non-pregnant female dogs. Theriogenology 2017; 97:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
25
|
HIV-Enhancing and HIV-Inhibiting Properties of Cationic Peptides and Proteins. Viruses 2017; 9:v9050108. [PMID: 28505117 PMCID: PMC5454421 DOI: 10.3390/v9050108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic antimicrobial peptides and proteins have historically been ascribed roles in innate immunity that infer killing of microbial and viral pathogens and protection of the host. In the context of sexually transmitted HIV-1, we take an unconventional approach that questions this paradigm. It is becoming increasingly apparent that many of the cationic polypeptides present in the human genital or anorectal mucosa, or human semen, are capable of enhancing HIV-1 infection, often in addition to other reported roles as viral inhibitors. We explore how the in vivo environment may select for or against the HIV-enhancing aspects of these cationic polypeptides by focusing on biological relevance. We stress that the distinction between enhancing and inhibiting HIV-1 infection is not mutually exclusive to specific classes of cationic polypeptides. Understanding how virally enhancing peptides and proteins act to promote sexual transmission of HIV-1 would be important for the design of topical microbicides, mucosal vaccines, and other preventative measures.
Collapse
|
26
|
Espinosa‐de Aquino W, Olvera‐Ramírez A, Arellano‐Carbajal F, Lanz‐Mendoza H, Villagrán‐Herrera E, Acevedo‐Whitehouse K. Protein and
RNA
extraction from mucosal swabs: a minimally invasive source of ecological data for studies of natural populations. Methods Ecol Evol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Espinosa‐de Aquino
- Unit for Basic and Applied Microbiology School of Natural Sciences Autonomous University of Queretaro Santiago de Querétaro Queretaro 76230 Mexico
| | - Andrea Olvera‐Ramírez
- Department of Veterinary Medicine School of Natural Sciences Autonomous University of Queretaro Santiago de Querétaro Queretaro 76230 Mexico
| | - Fausto Arellano‐Carbajal
- Unit for Basic and Applied Microbiology School of Natural Sciences Autonomous University of Queretaro Santiago de Querétaro Queretaro 76230 Mexico
| | - Humberto Lanz‐Mendoza
- Center for Infectious Diseases National Institute of Public Health Cuernavaca Morelos 62100 Mexico
| | - Elena Villagrán‐Herrera
- School of Medicine Autonomous University of Queretaro Santiago de Querétaro Queretaro 76230 Mexico
| | - Karina Acevedo‐Whitehouse
- Unit for Basic and Applied Microbiology School of Natural Sciences Autonomous University of Queretaro Santiago de Querétaro Queretaro 76230 Mexico
- The Marine Mammal Center 2000 Bunker Road Sausalito CA 94965 USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee HS, Kim SO, Ahn K, Park K. All-Trans Retinoic Acid Increases Aquaporin 3 Expression in Human Vaginal Epithelial Cells. Sex Med 2016; 4:e249-e254. [PMID: 27461974 PMCID: PMC5121539 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Water channel aquaporin 3 (AQP3) is an aquaglyceroporin that transports small neutral solutes and water. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a member of the retinoid drug class, acts as a regulator in several biological processes. Aim To investigate the effect of ATRA on the expression of AQP3 in human vaginal epithelial cells. Methods Human vaginal mucosal epithelial cells (CRL2616) were treated with ATRA 0, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μmol/L for 24 hours to examine the dose-dependent effects of ATRA and with ATRA 1 μmol/L for 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours. Main Outcome Measures The expression of AQP3 and retinoic acid receptor (RAR) was determined by western blot analysis and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results AQP3 was detected in the cell membrane of human vaginal epithelial cells. ATRA increased the protein expression and mRNA levels of AQP3 in a dose-dependent manner (P < .05). ATRA also increased the protein expression of RARα (P < .05). Treatment of CRL2616 cells with an RAR antagonist (Ro 41-5253) significantly decreased AQP3 protein expression (P < .05). Conclusion ATRA mediated by RARα increased AQP3 gene and protein expression in human vaginal mucosal epithelial cells. These results imply that AQP3 regulated by ATRA could play an important role in the mechanism of vaginal lubrication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Suk Lee
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Sexual Medicine Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sun-Ouck Kim
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Sexual Medicine Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kyuyoun Ahn
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Sexual Medicine Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kwangsung Park
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Sexual Medicine Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Development and validation of a spontaneous preterm delivery predictor in asymptomatic women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 214:633.e1-633.e24. [PMID: 26874297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm delivery remains the leading cause of perinatal mortality. Risk factors and biomarkers have traditionally failed to identify the majority of preterm deliveries. OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a mass spectrometry-based serum test to predict spontaneous preterm delivery in asymptomatic pregnant women. STUDY DESIGN A total of 5501 pregnant women were enrolled between 17(0/7) and 28(6/7) weeks gestational age in the prospective Proteomic Assessment of Preterm Risk study at 11 sites in the United States between 2011 and 2013. Maternal blood was collected at enrollment and outcomes collected following delivery. Maternal serum was processed by a proteomic workflow, and proteins were quantified by multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry. The discovery and verification process identified 2 serum proteins, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4 (IBP4) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), as predictors of spontaneous preterm delivery. We evaluated a predictor using the log ratio of the measures of IBP4 and SHBG (IBP4/SHBG) in a clinical validation study to classify spontaneous preterm delivery cases (<37(0/7) weeks gestational age) in a nested case-control cohort different from subjects used in discovery and verification. Strict blinding and independent statistical analyses were employed. RESULTS The predictor had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value of 0.75 and sensitivity and specificity of 0.75 and 0.74, respectively. The IBP4/SHBG predictor at this sensitivity and specificity had an odds ratio of 5.04 for spontaneous preterm delivery. Accuracy of the IBP4/SHBG predictor increased using earlier case-vs-control gestational age cutoffs (eg, <35(0/7) vs ≥35(0/7) weeks gestational age). Importantly, higher-risk subjects defined by the IBP4/SHBG predictor score generally gave birth earlier than lower-risk subjects. CONCLUSION A serum-based molecular predictor identifies asymptomatic pregnant women at risk of spontaneous preterm delivery, which may provide utility in identifying women at risk at an early stage of pregnancy to allow for clinical intervention. This early detection would guide enhanced levels of care and accelerate development of clinical strategies to prevent preterm delivery.
Collapse
|
29
|
Soleilhavoup C, Riou C, Tsikis G, Labas V, Harichaux G, Kohnke P, Reynaud K, de Graaf SP, Gerard N, Druart X. Proteomes of the Female Genital Tract During the Oestrous Cycle. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:93-108. [PMID: 26518761 PMCID: PMC4762522 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.052332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The female genital tract includes several anatomical regions whose luminal fluids successively interact with gametes and embryos and are involved in the fertilisation and development processes. The luminal fluids from the inner cervix, the uterus and the oviduct were collected along the oestrous cycle at oestrus (Day 0 of the cycle) and during the luteal phase (Day 10) from adult cyclic ewes. The proteomes were assessed by GeLC-MS/MS and quantified by spectral counting. A set of 940 proteins were identified including 291 proteins differentially present along the cycle in one or several regions. The global analysis of the fluid proteomes revealed a general pattern of endocrine regulation of the tract, with the cervix and the oviduct showing an increased differential proteins abundance mainly at oestrus while the uterus showed an increased abundance mainly during the luteal phase. The proteins more abundant at oestrus included several families such as the heat shock proteins (HSP), the mucins, the complement cascade proteins and several redox enzymes. Other proteins known for their interaction with gametes such as oviductin (OVGP), osteopontin, HSPA8, and the spermadhesin AWN were also overexpressed at oestrus. The proteins more abundant during the luteal phase were associated with the immune system such as ceruloplasmin, lactoferrin, DMBT1, or PIGR, and also with tissue remodeling such as galectin 3 binding protein, alkaline phosphatase, CD9, or fibulin. Several proteins differentially abundant between estrus and the luteal phase, such as myosin 9 and fibronectin, were also validated by immunohistochemistry. The potential roles in sperm transit and uterine receptivity of the proteins differentially regulated along the cycle in the female genital tract are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clement Soleilhavoup
- From the ‡INRA, UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; §CNRS, UMR7247, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; ¶Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37000 Tours, France; ‖IFCE, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Cindy Riou
- From the ‡INRA, UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; §CNRS, UMR7247, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; ¶Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37000 Tours, France; ‖IFCE, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Guillaume Tsikis
- From the ‡INRA, UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; §CNRS, UMR7247, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; ¶Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37000 Tours, France; ‖IFCE, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Valerie Labas
- From the ‡INRA, UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; §CNRS, UMR7247, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; ¶Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37000 Tours, France; ‖IFCE, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; **INRA, Plate-forme d'Analyse Intégrative des Biomolécules (PAIB), Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Gregoire Harichaux
- From the ‡INRA, UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; §CNRS, UMR7247, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; ¶Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37000 Tours, France; ‖IFCE, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; **INRA, Plate-forme d'Analyse Intégrative des Biomolécules (PAIB), Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Philippa Kohnke
- From the ‡INRA, UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; §CNRS, UMR7247, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; ¶Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37000 Tours, France; ‖IFCE, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Karine Reynaud
- From the ‡INRA, UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; §CNRS, UMR7247, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; ¶Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37000 Tours, France; ‖IFCE, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; ‡‡Alfort Veterinary School, 94700 Maisons Alfort, France
| | - Simon P de Graaf
- §§Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Nadine Gerard
- From the ‡INRA, UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; §CNRS, UMR7247, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; ¶Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37000 Tours, France; ‖IFCE, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Xavier Druart
- From the ‡INRA, UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; §CNRS, UMR7247, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; ¶Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37000 Tours, France; ‖IFCE, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, F-37380 Nouzilly, France;
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Vaswani K, Ashman K, Reed S, Salomon C, Sarker S, Arraztoa JA, Pérez-Sepúlveda A, Illanes SE, Kvaskoff D, Mitchell MD, Rice GE. Applying SWATH Mass Spectrometry to Investigate Human Cervicovaginal Fluid During the Menstrual Cycle1. Biol Reprod 2015; 93:39. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.128231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
31
|
Identification and evaluation of potential forensic marker proteins in vaginal fluid by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:7135-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8877-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
32
|
Predicting Preterm Labour: Current Status and Future Prospects. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:435014. [PMID: 26160993 PMCID: PMC4486247 DOI: 10.1155/2015/435014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Preterm labour and birth are a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Despite modern advances in obstetric and neonatal management, the rate of preterm birth in the developed world is increasing. Yet even though numerous risk factors associated with preterm birth have been identified, the ability to accurately predict when labour will occur remains elusive, whether it is at a term or preterm gestation. In the latter case, this is likely due to the multifactorial aetiology of preterm labour wherein women may display different clinical presentations that lead to preterm birth. The discovery of novel biomarkers that could reliably identify women who will subsequently deliver preterm may allow for timely medical intervention and targeted therapeutic treatments aimed at improving maternal and fetal outcomes. Various body fluids including amniotic fluid, urine, saliva, blood (serum/plasma), and cervicovaginal fluid all provide a rich protein source of putative biochemical markers that may be causative or reflective of the various pathophysiological disorders of pregnancy, including preterm labour. This short review will highlight recent advances in the field of biomarker discovery and the utility of single and multiple biomarkers for the prediction of preterm birth in the absence of intra-amniotic infection.
Collapse
|
33
|
Aldunate M, Srbinovski D, Hearps AC, Latham CF, Ramsland PA, Gugasyan R, Cone RA, Tachedjian G. Antimicrobial and immune modulatory effects of lactic acid and short chain fatty acids produced by vaginal microbiota associated with eubiosis and bacterial vaginosis. Front Physiol 2015; 6:164. [PMID: 26082720 PMCID: PMC4451362 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by vaginal microbiota have reported antimicrobial and immune modulatory activities indicating their potential as biomarkers of disease and/or disease susceptibility. In asymptomatic women of reproductive-age the vaginal microbiota is comprised of lactic acid-producing bacteria that are primarily responsible for the production of lactic acid present at ~110 mM and acidifying the vaginal milieu to pH ~3.5. In contrast, bacterial vaginosis (BV), a dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota, is characterized by decreased lactic acid-producing microbiota and increased diverse anaerobic bacteria accompanied by an elevated pH>4.5. BV is also characterized by a dramatic loss of lactic acid and greater concentrations of mixed SCFAs including acetate, propionate, butyrate, and succinate. Notably women with lactic acid-producing microbiota have more favorable reproductive and sexual health outcomes compared to women with BV. Regarding the latter, BV is associated with increased susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV. In vitro studies demonstrate that lactic acid produced by vaginal microbiota has microbicidal and virucidal activities that may protect against STIs and endogenous opportunistic bacteria as well as immune modulatory properties that require further characterization with regard to their effects on the vaginal mucosa. In contrast, BV-associated SCFAs have far less antimicrobial activity with the potential to contribute to a pro-inflammatory vaginal environment. Here we review the composition of lactic acid and SCFAs in respective states of eubiosis (non-BV) or dysbiosis (BV), their effects on susceptibility to bacterial/viral STIs and whether they have inherent microbicidal/virucidal and immune modulatory properties. We also explore their potential as biomarkers for the presence and/or increased susceptibility to STIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Aldunate
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Department of Microbiology, Nursing and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniela Srbinovski
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Department of Microbiology, Nursing and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Anna C Hearps
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Department of Infectious Disease, Monash University Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Catherine F Latham
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul A Ramsland
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Department of Immunology, Monash University Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Department of Surgery Austin Health, The University of Melbourne Heidelberg, VIC, Australia ; School of Biomedical Sciences, CHIRI Biosciences, Curtin University Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Raffi Gugasyan
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Department of Immunology, Monash University Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard A Cone
- Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gilda Tachedjian
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Department of Microbiology, Nursing and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University Clayton, VIC, Australia ; Department of Infectious Disease, Monash University Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Heng YJ, Liong S, Permezel M, Rice GE, Di Quinzio MKW, Georgiou HM. Human cervicovaginal fluid biomarkers to predict term and preterm labor. Front Physiol 2015; 6:151. [PMID: 26029118 PMCID: PMC4429550 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB; birth before 37 completed weeks of gestation) remains the major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The current generation of biomarkers predictive of PTB have limited utility. In pregnancy, the human cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) proteome is a reflection of the local biochemical milieu and is influenced by the physical changes occurring in the vagina, cervix and adjacent overlying fetal membranes. Term and preterm labor (PTL) share common pathways of cervical ripening, myometrial activation and fetal membranes rupture leading to birth. We therefore hypothesize that CVF biomarkers predictive of labor may be similar in both the term and preterm labor setting. In this review, we summarize some of the existing published literature as well as our team's breadth of work utilizing the CVF for the discovery and validation of putative CVF biomarkers predictive of human labor. Our team established an efficient method for collecting serial CVF samples for optimal 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis resolution and analysis. We first embarked on CVF biomarker discovery for the prediction of spontaneous onset of term labor using 2D-electrophoresis and solution array multiple analyte profiling. 2D-electrophoretic analyses were subsequently performed on CVF samples associated with PTB. Several proteins have been successfully validated and demonstrate that these biomarkers are associated with term and PTL and may be predictive of both term and PTL. In addition, the measurement of these putative biomarkers was found to be robust to the influences of vaginal microflora and/or semen. The future development of a multiple biomarker bed-side test would help improve the prediction of PTB and the clinical management of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujing J Heng
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stella Liong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Permezel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Gregory E Rice
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Megan K W Di Quinzio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Harry M Georgiou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne Melbourne, VIC, Australia ; Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Aldarmahi A, Al-Rabia M. Optimisation of proteomic approaches to study the maternal interaction with gametes in sow's reproductive tract. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2015; 3:154-160. [PMID: 30023194 PMCID: PMC6014283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmau.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The applications of 2DE and MS have been successfully used in many studies utilising different biological samples. The complex nature of cellular proteomes is a big challenge for proteomic technologies. Much effort has been applied to develop and improve the preparation techniques for proteomic samples to be able to detect the low abundant proteins. This is one of the major and unsolved challenges facing the proteomic analysis of biological samples. One partial remedy is to deplete the proteomic samples. In this study, we compared two techniques (acetone precipitation and commercial kit) for the cleaning and purification of oviductal and uterine horn secretory proteomes in primary cell culture system. The samples prepared from acetone precipitation and commercial kit 2-D clean up kit were compared by 2-dimentioanl electrophoresis. We found that no significant difference was observed in number of spots detected between the samples prepared by acetone precipitation technique to those prepared by commercial kit. Protein samples were run through strong cation exchange (SCX) liquid chromatography in order to fractionate samples of major proteins. Protein identification by mass spectrometry revealed a significant detection of low abundant proteins in comparing to high abundant proteins. In conclusion, acetone precipitation was found to be more efficient and cost effect technique. Depletion of proteomic samples from the most abundant protein species is strongly recommended to allow the mid and low abundant protein to be detected. A better resolution of the gels will be achieved by removing the major proteins such as albumin and immunoglobulin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Aldarmahi
- College of Sciences and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-Rabia
- College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sanz-Salvador L, García-Pérez MÁ, Tarín JJ, Cano A. Bone metabolic changes during pregnancy: a period of vulnerability to osteoporosis and fracture. Eur J Endocrinol 2015; 172:R53-65. [PMID: 25209679 DOI: 10.1530/eje-14-0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Changes in bone density and bone markers suggest that pregnancy is associated with deterioration of bone mass in the mother. The metabolism of calcium resets to allow for the needs imposed by the building of the fetal skeleton. The fetus contributes to the process through the output of regulators from the placenta. Understanding of the whole process is limited, but some changes are unambiguous. There is an increase in the circulating levels of vitamin D, but its functional impact is unclear. Fetal parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH-related peptide (PTHrp) play an indirect role through support of a calcium gradient that creates hypercalcemia in the fetus. Placental GH, which increases up to the end of pregnancy, may exert some anabolic effects, either directly or through the regulation of the IGF1 production. Other key regulators of bone metabolism, such as estrogens or prolactin, are elevated during pregnancy, but their role is uncertain. An increase in the ratio of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) to osteoprotegerin (OPG) acts as an additional pro-resorbing factor in bone. The increase in bone resorption may lead to osteoporosis and fragility fracture, which have been diagnosed, although rarely. However, the condition is transitory as long-term studies do not link the number of pregnancies with osteoporosis. Prevention is limited by the lack of identifiable risk factors. When fractures are diagnosed, rest, analgesics, or, when indicated, orthopedic intervention have demonstrated efficacy. Systemic treatment with anti-osteoporotic drugs is effective, but the potential harm to the fetus imposes caution in their use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Sanz-Salvador
- Fundación para la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO)Juan de Garay 21, 46017 Valencia, SpainDepartment of GeneticsUniversity of Valencia and Research Foundation, INCLIVA, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Functional Biology and Physical AnthropologySchool of Biological Sciences, University of Valencia, Burjasot Campus, Valencia, SpainDepartment of PediatricsObstetrics and Gynecology, Facultad de Medicina, University Hospital Dr Peset, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel García-Pérez
- Fundación para la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO)Juan de Garay 21, 46017 Valencia, SpainDepartment of GeneticsUniversity of Valencia and Research Foundation, INCLIVA, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Functional Biology and Physical AnthropologySchool of Biological Sciences, University of Valencia, Burjasot Campus, Valencia, SpainDepartment of PediatricsObstetrics and Gynecology, Facultad de Medicina, University Hospital Dr Peset, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan J Tarín
- Fundación para la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO)Juan de Garay 21, 46017 Valencia, SpainDepartment of GeneticsUniversity of Valencia and Research Foundation, INCLIVA, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Functional Biology and Physical AnthropologySchool of Biological Sciences, University of Valencia, Burjasot Campus, Valencia, SpainDepartment of PediatricsObstetrics and Gynecology, Facultad de Medicina, University Hospital Dr Peset, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Cano
- Fundación para la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO)Juan de Garay 21, 46017 Valencia, SpainDepartment of GeneticsUniversity of Valencia and Research Foundation, INCLIVA, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Functional Biology and Physical AnthropologySchool of Biological Sciences, University of Valencia, Burjasot Campus, Valencia, SpainDepartment of PediatricsObstetrics and Gynecology, Facultad de Medicina, University Hospital Dr Peset, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lygirou V, Makridakis M, Vlahou A. Biological sample collection for clinical proteomics: existing SOPs. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1243:3-27. [PMID: 25384737 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1872-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Proteomic study of clinical samples aims at the better understanding of physiological and pathological conditions, as well as the discovery of diagnostic and prognostic markers for the latter. Quantitative and/or qualitative variations of body fluid proteome may reflect health- or disease-associated events connected to the adjacent or distant body regions of the fluid production/secretion/excretion and/or systemic reactions to the presence of disease. Sample collection and preparation is a critical step in order to obtain useful and valid information in clinical proteomics analysis. In this chapter, we present the current protocols and guidelines for human body fluid collection and storage, prior to proteomic analysis. A variety of body fluids that are currently being used in proteomic analysis and have potential interest in clinical practice are presented including blood plasma and serum, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, cerumen, nasal secretions, saliva, tears, breast milk, bronchoalveolar fluid, nipple aspirate fluid, amniotic fluid, bile, cervico-vaginal fluid, and seminal plasma. With no doubt these body fluids differ in the extent of their application in clinical proteomics investigations, hence in some cases the presented SOPs are established following more extensive testing (e.g., plasma, serum, urine, CSF) than others (nasal secretions, saliva, tears, breast milk, bronchoalveolar fluid, nipple aspirate fluid, amniotic fluid, bile, cervico-vaginal fluid, and seminal plasma). However, even in these latter cases, the presented protocols were reported by at least two independent groups according to the literature. We hope they can thus serve as a reliable guide for sample collection based on our current knowledge in the field and excellent starting points for proteomics investigators. It should also be pointed that variations to these protocols exist and their further refinement in the future is foreseen following the evolution of the proteomics technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Lygirou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Leccese Terraf MC, Mendoza LM, Juárez Tomás MS, Silva C, Nader-Macías MEF. Phenotypic surface properties (aggregation, adhesion and biofilm formation) and presence of related genes in beneficial vaginal lactobacilli. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 117:1761-72. [PMID: 25195810 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the phenotypic expression of auto-aggregation, adhesion to mucin and biofilm formation of lactobacilli isolated from human vagina and the presence of related genes. METHODS AND RESULTS Seven different strains of three Lactobacillus species (Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus reuteri) were evaluated. The auto-aggregation property was determined by spectrophotometric assay and flow cytometry. Adhesion and biofilm formation were assayed by crystal violet staining. The presence of the genes encoding sortases, pilin subunits and surface proteins was evaluated by polymerase chain reactions. The two Lact. reuteri strains assayed showed high auto-aggregation, adhesion to mucin and biofilm formation ability. In these strains, the genes encoding three adhesion proteins were identified. In Lact. rhamnosus CRL (Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos Culture Collection) 1332, pilus-encoding genes were detected. In all Lact. rhamnosus strains assayed, two genes encoding for other surface proteins related to adhesion and biofilm formation were detected. CONCLUSIONS The vaginal lactobacilli assayed exhibited phenotypic and genetic characteristics that were specific for each strain. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first study on auto-aggregation, adhesion and biofilm formation of vaginal Lactobacillus strains by phenotypic and genetic assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Leccese Terraf
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Tucumán, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Legg KM, Powell R, Reisdorph N, Reisdorph R, Danielson PB. Discovery of highly specific protein markers for the identification of biological stains. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:3069-78. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Legg
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Denver; Denver CO USA
- The Center for Forensic Science Research and Education; Willow Grove PA USA
| | - Roger Powell
- Department of Immunology; National Jewish Health; Denver CO USA
| | | | - Rick Reisdorph
- Department of Immunology; National Jewish Health; Denver CO USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wang YY, Kannan A, Nunn KL, Murphy MA, Subramani DB, Moench T, Cone R, Lai SK. IgG in cervicovaginal mucus traps HSV and prevents vaginal herpes infections. Mucosal Immunol 2014; 7:1036-44. [PMID: 24496316 PMCID: PMC4122653 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2013.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
IgG is the predominant immunoglobulin in cervicovaginal mucus (CVM), yet how immunoglobulin G (IgG) in mucus can protect against infections is not fully understood. IgG diffuses rapidly through cervical mucus, slowed only slightly by transient adhesive interactions with mucins. We hypothesize that this almost unhindered diffusion allows IgG to accumulate rapidly on pathogen surfaces, and the resulting IgG array forms multiple weak adhesive crosslinks to mucus gel that effectively trap (immobilize) pathogens, preventing them from initiating infections. Here, we report that herpes simplex virus serotype 1 (HSV-1) readily penetrated fresh, pH-neutralized ex vivo samples of CVM with low or no detectable levels of anti-HSV-1 IgG but was trapped in samples with even modest levels of anti-HSV-1 IgG. In samples with little or no endogenous anti-HSV-1 IgG, addition of exogenous anti-HSV-1 IgG, affinity-purified from intravenous immunoglobulin, trapped virions at concentrations below those needed for neutralization and with similar potency as endogenous IgG. Deglycosylating purified anti-HSV-1 IgG, or removing its Fc component, markedly reduced trapping potency. Finally, a non-neutralizing IgG against HSV-gG significantly protected mice against vaginal infection, and removing vaginal mucus by gentle lavage abolished protection. These observations suggest that IgG-Fc has a glycan-dependent "muco-trapping" effector function that may provide exceptionally potent protection at mucosal surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Wang
- Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Arthi Kannan
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kenetta L. Nunn
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Michael A. Murphy
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Durai B. Subramani
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - Richard Cone
- Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Samuel K. Lai
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA,UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Boylan KL, Afiuni-Zadeh S, Geller MA, Hickey K, Griffin TJ, Pambuccian SE, Skubitz AP. A feasibility study to identify proteins in the residual Pap test fluid of women with normal cytology by mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Clin Proteomics 2014; 11:30. [PMID: 25097468 PMCID: PMC4106909 DOI: 10.1186/1559-0275-11-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proteomic analysis of body fluids is a growing technology for the identification of protein biomarkers of disease. Given that Papanicolaou tests (Pap tests) are routinely performed on over 30 million women annually in the U.S. to screen for cervical cancer, we examined the residual Pap test fluid as a source of protein for analysis by mass spectrometry (MS). In the liquid-based Pap test, cervical cells are collected from the ectocervix and placed into an alcohol-based fixative prior to staining and pathologic examination. We hypothesized that proteins shed by cells of the female genital tract can be detected in the Pap test fixative by MS-based proteomic techniques. We examined the feasibility of using residual fluid from discarded Pap tests with cytologically "normal" results to optimize sample preparation for MS analysis. The protein composition of the cell-free Pap test fluid was determined by silver staining of sodium dodecyl sulfate -polyacrylamide gels, and the abundance of serum proteins was examined by Western immunoblot using an antibody against human serum albumin. Both pooled and individual samples were trypsin digested and analyzed by two-dimensional MS/MS. Proteins were identified by searching against the Human Uniprot database, and characterized for localization, function and relative abundance. RESULTS The average volume of the residual Pap test fluid was 1.5 ml and the average protein concentration was 0.14 mg/ml. By Western immunoblot we showed that the amount of albumin in each sample was significantly reduced compared to normal serum. By MS/MS, we identified 714 unique proteins in pooled Pap test samples and an average of 431 proteins in individual samples. About 40% of the proteins identified were extracellular or localized to the plasma membrane. Almost 20% of the proteins identified were involved in immunity and defense, characteristic of the healthy cervical-vaginal proteome. By merging the protein sets from the individual and pooled Pap test samples, we created a "Normal Pap test Core Proteome" consisting of 153 proteins. CONCLUSIONS Residual Pap test fluid contains a sufficient amount of protein for analysis by MS and represents a valuable biospecimen source for the identification of protein biomarkers for gynecological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Lm Boylan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MMC 395, 420 Delaware St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Somaieh Afiuni-Zadeh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MMC 395, 420 Delaware St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Melissa A Geller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kayla Hickey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MMC 395, 420 Delaware St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Timothy J Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Amy Pn Skubitz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MMC 395, 420 Delaware St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Muthukumar S, Rajkumar R, Karthikeyan K, Liao CC, Singh D, Akbarsha MA, Archunan G. Buffalo Cervico-Vaginal Fluid Proteomics with Special Reference to Estrous Cycle: Heat Shock Protein (Hsp)-70 Appears to Be an Estrus Indicator1. Biol Reprod 2014; 90:97. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.113852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
43
|
Romero R, Kadar N, Miranda J, Korzeniewski SJ, Schwartz AG, Chaemsaithong P, Rogers W, Soto E, Gotsch F, Yeo L, Hassan SS, Chaiworapongsa T. The diagnostic performance of the Mass Restricted (MR) score in the identification of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity or intra-amniotic inflammation is not superior to amniotic fluid interleukin-6. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 27:757-69. [PMID: 24028673 PMCID: PMC5881917 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2013.844123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intra-amniotic infection/inflammation are major causes of spontaneous preterm labor and delivery. However, diagnosis of intra-amniotic infection is challenging because most are subclinical and amniotic fluid (AF) cultures take several days before results are available. Several tests have been proposed for the rapid diagnosis of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) or intra-amniotic inflammation. The aim of this study was to examine the diagnostic performance of the AF Mass Restricted (MR) score in comparison with interleukin-6 (IL-6) and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) for the identification of MIAC or inflammation. METHODS AF samples were collected from patients with singleton gestations and symptoms of preterm labor (n = 100). Intra-amniotic inflammation was defined as >100 white blood cells/mm(3) (WBCs) in AF; MIAC was defined as a positive AF culture. AF IL-6 and MMP-8 were determined using ELISA. The MR score was obtained using the Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight (SELDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated and logistic regression models were fit to construct receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the identification of each outcome. The McNemar's test and paired sample non-parametric statistical techniques were used to test for differences in diagnostic performance metrics. RESULTS (1) The prevalence of MIAC and intra-amniotic inflammation was 34% (34/100) and 40% (40/100), respectively; (2) there were no significant differences in sensitivity of the three tests under study (MR score, IL-6 or MMP-8) in the identification of either MIAC or intra-amniotic inflammation (using the following cutoffs: MR score >2, IL-6 >11.4 ng/mL, and MMP-8 >23 ng/mL); (3) there was no significant difference in the sensitivity among the three tests for the same outcomes when the false positive rate was fixed at 15%; (4) the specificity for IL-6 was not significantly different from that of the MR score in identifying either MIAC or intra-amniotic inflammation when using previously reported thresholds; and (5) there were no significant differences in the area under the ROC curve when comparing the MR score, IL-6 or MMP-8 in the identification of these outcomes. CONCLUSIONS IL-6 and the MR score have equivalent diagnostic performance in the identification of MIAC or intra-amniotic inflammation. Selection from among these three tests (MR score, IL-6 and MMP-8) for diagnostic purposes should be based on factors such as availability, reproducibility, and cost. The MR score requires a protein chip and a SELDI-TOF instrument which are not widely available or considered "state of the art". In contrast, immunoassays for IL-6 can be performed in the majority of clinical laboratories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Nicholas Kadar
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI
| | - Jezid Miranda
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Steven J. Korzeniewski
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Alyse G. Schwartz
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Piya Chaemsaithong
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Wade Rogers
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Eleazar Soto
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Francesca Gotsch
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI
- Integrata Verona, Ostetricia Ginecologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Verona, Italy
| | - Lami Yeo
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Sonia S. Hassan
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ghosh M. Secreted mucosal antimicrobials in the female reproductive tract that are important to consider for HIV prevention. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 71:575-88. [PMID: 24754244 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The mucosal microenvironment of the female reproductive tract (FRT) is rich in secreted endogenous antimicrobials that provide the first line of defense against pathogens. This review focuses on the spectrum of secreted antimicrobials found in the FRT that have anti-HIV functions and are regulated by the natural hormonal changes in women's life cycle. Understanding the complex nature of FRT, mucosal microenvironment will enable us to better design therapeutic interventions for women against sexually transmitted pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Ghosh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wang NY, Patras KA, Seo HS, Cavaco CK, Rösler B, Neely MN, Sullam PM, Doran KS. Group B streptococcal serine-rich repeat proteins promote interaction with fibrinogen and vaginal colonization. J Infect Dis 2014; 210:982-91. [PMID: 24620021 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Group B streptococcus (GBS) can cause severe disease in susceptible hosts, including newborns, pregnant women, and the elderly. GBS serine-rich repeat (Srr) surface glycoproteins are important adhesins/invasins in multiple host tissues, including the vagina. However, exact molecular mechanisms contributing to their importance in colonization are unknown. We have recently determined that Srr proteins contain a fibrinogen-binding region (BR) and hypothesize that Srr-mediated fibrinogen binding may contribute to GBS cervicovaginal colonization. In this study, we observed that fibrinogen enhanced wild-type GBS attachment to cervical and vaginal epithelium, and that this was dependent on Srr1. Moreover, purified Srr1-BR peptide bound directly to host cells, and peptide administration in vivo reduced GBS recovery from the vaginal tract. Furthermore, a GBS mutant strain lacking only the Srr1 "latching" domain exhibited decreased adherence in vitro and decreased persistence in a mouse model of GBS vaginal colonization, suggesting the importance of Srr-fibrinogen interactions in the female reproductive tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Yu Wang
- Department of Biology and Center for Microbial Sciences, San Diego State University
| | - Kathryn A Patras
- Department of Biology and Center for Microbial Sciences, San Diego State University
| | - Ho Seong Seo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Veteran Affairs Medical Center and the University of California San Francisco, California Radiation Biotechnology Research Division, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Republic of Korea
| | - Courtney K Cavaco
- Department of Biology and Center for Microbial Sciences, San Diego State University
| | - Berenice Rösler
- Department of Biology and Center for Microbial Sciences, San Diego State University
| | - Melody N Neely
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Paul M Sullam
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Veteran Affairs Medical Center and the University of California San Francisco, California
| | - Kelly S Doran
- Department of Biology and Center for Microbial Sciences, San Diego State University Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Klein J, Buffin-Meyer B, Mullen W, Carty DM, Delles C, Vlahou A, Mischak H, Decramer S, Bascands JL, Schanstra JP. Clinical proteomics in obstetrics and neonatology. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 11:75-89. [PMID: 24404900 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2014.872564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Clinical proteomics has been applied to the identification of biomarkers of obstetric and neonatal disease. We will discuss a number of encouraging studies that have led to potentially valid biomarkers in the context of Down's syndrome, preterm birth, amniotic infections, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and obstructive uropathies. Obtaining noninvasive biomarkers (e.g., from the maternal circulation, urine or cervicovaginal fluid) may be more feasible for obstetric diseases than for diseases of the fetus, for which invasive methods are required (e.g., amniotic fluid, fetal urine). However, studies providing validated proteomics-identified biomarkers are limited. Efforts should be made to save well-characterized samples of these invasive body fluids so that many valid biomarkers of pregnancy-related diseases will be identified in the coming years using proteomics based analysis upon adoption of 'clinical proteomics guidelines'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Klein
- Mosaiques diagnostics & therapeutics, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Beltman ME, Mullen MP, Elia G, Hilliard M, Diskin MG, Evans AC, Crowe MA. Global proteomic characterization of uterine histotroph recovered from beef heifers yielding good quality and degenerate day 7 embryos. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2014; 46:49-57. [PMID: 24210454 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to analyze the proteomic composition of uterine flushes collected from beef heifers on day 7 after insemination. Estrus was synchronized in crossbred beef heifers by using a protocol with a controlled intravaginal drug releasing device. Heifers detected in standing estrus (within 24-48 h after removal of controlled intravaginal drug releasing device) were inseminated (estrus = day 0) with frozen-thawed semen from a single ejaculate of a bull with proven fertility. Heifers from which an embryo was recovered (after slaughter on day 7) were classified as either having a viable embryo (morula/blastocyst stage) or a degenerate embryo (arrested at the 2- to 16-cell stage). The overall recovery rate (viable and degenerate combined) was 64%. Global liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry proteomic analysis of the histotroph collected identified 40 high-confidence proteins present on day 7; 26 proteins in the viable group, 10 in the degenerate group, and 4 shared between both groups. Five proteins (platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit γ [PAFAH1B3], tubulin α-1D chain, tubulin β-4A chain, cytochrome C, and dihydropyrimidinase-related protein-2) were unique or more abundant in the histotroph collected from animals with a viable embryo, and 1 protein (S100-A4) was more abundant in the histotroph collected from animals with a degenerate embryo. Of interest, PAFAH1B3, detected only in histotroph from the group yielding viable embryos, belongs to the group of platelet-activating factors that are known to be important for the development of the pre-implantation embryo in other species. To our knowledge this is the first report of PAFAH1B3 in relation to bovine early embryonic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M E Beltman
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - M P Mullen
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Teagasc, Animal and Bioscience Research Centre, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Athenry, County Galway, Ireland
| | - G Elia
- Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - M Hilliard
- Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; National Institute for Bioprocessing Research & Training, Blackrock, County Dublin, Ireland
| | - M G Diskin
- Teagasc, Animal and Bioscience Research Centre, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Athenry, County Galway, Ireland
| | - A C Evans
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - M A Crowe
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Teagasc, Animal and Bioscience Research Centre, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Athenry, County Galway, Ireland; Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Liong S, Di Quinzio MKW, Fleming G, Permezel M, Georgiou HM. Is vitamin D binding protein a novel predictor of labour? PLoS One 2013; 8:e76490. [PMID: 24124566 PMCID: PMC3790717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) has previously been identified in the amniotic fluid and cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) of pregnant women. The biological functions of VDBP include acting as a carrier protein for vitamin D metabolites, the clearance of actin that is released during tissue injury and the augmentation of the pro-inflammatory response. This longitudinal observational study was conducted on 221 healthy pregnant women who spontaneously laboured and delivered either at term or preterm. Serial CVF samples were collected and VDBP was measured by ELISA. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the utility of VDBP as a predictor of labour. VDBP in the CVF did not change between 20 and 35 weeks' gestation. VDBP measured in-labour was significantly increased 4.2 to 7.4-fold compared to 4-7, 8-14 and 15-28 days before labour (P<0.05). VDBP concentration was 4.3-fold significantly higher at 0-3 days compared to 15-28 days pre-labour (P<0.05). The efficacy of VDBP to predict spontaneous labour onset within 3 days provided a positive and negative predictive value of 82.8% and 95.3% respectively (area under receiver operator characteristic curve = 0.974). This longitudinal study of pregnant women suggests that VDBP in the CVF may be a useful predictor of labour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stella Liong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Megan K. W. Di Quinzio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Gabrielle Fleming
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Michael Permezel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Harry M. Georgiou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Cruciani F, Wasinger V, Turroni S, Calanni F, Donders G, Brigidi P, Vitali B. Proteome profiles of vaginal fluids from women affected by bacterial vaginosis and healthy controls: outcomes of rifaximin treatment. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 68:2648-59. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
|
50
|
Papachristou EK, Roumeliotis TI, Chrysagi A, Trigoni C, Charvalos E, Townsend PA, Pavlakis K, Garbis SD. The shotgun proteomic study of the human ThinPrep cervical smear using iTRAQ mass-tagging and 2D LC-FT-Orbitrap-MS: the detection of the human papillomavirus at the protein level. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:2078-89. [PMID: 23510160 DOI: 10.1021/pr301067r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ThinPrep cervical smear is widely used in clinical practice for the cytological and molecular screening against abnormal cells and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Current advancements made to LC-MS proteomics include the use of stable isotope labeling for the in-depth analysis of proteins in complex clinical specimens. Such approaches have yet to be realized for ThinPrep clinical specimens. In this study, an LC-MS method based on isobaric (iTRAQ) labeling and high-resolution FT-Orbitrap mass spectrometry was used for the proteomic analysis of 23 human ThinPrep smear specimens. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis was performed with both nitrogen high collision dissociation (HCD MS/MS) and helium collision induced dissociation (CID MS/MS) peptide fragmentation modes. The analysis of three 8-plex sample sets yielded the identification of over 3200 unique proteins at FDR < 1%, of which over 2300 proteins were quantitatively profiled in at least one of the three experiments. The interindividual variability served to define the required sample size needed to identify significant protein expression differences. The degree of in-depth proteome coverage allowed the detection of 6 HPV-derived proteins including the high-risk HPV16 type in the specimens tested. The presence of the HPV strains of origin was also confirmed with PCR-hybridization molecular methods. This proof-of-principle study constitutes the first ever report on the nontargeted analysis of HPV proteins in human ThinPrep clinical specimens with high-resolution mass spectrometry. A further testament to the sensitivity and selectivity of the proposed study method was the confident detection of a significant number of phosphopeptides in these specimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evaggelia K Papachristou
- Institute for Life Sciences, Centre for Proteomic Research, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|