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Identification of Metabolomic Biomarkers of Long-Term Stress Using NMR Spectroscopy in a Diving Duck. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040353. [PMID: 35448540 PMCID: PMC9030486 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-induced environmental changes that act as long-term stressors pose significant impacts on wildlife health. Energy required for maintenance or other functions may be re-routed towards coping with stressors, ultimately resulting in fluctuations in metabolite levels associated with energy metabolism. While metabolomics approaches are used increasingly to study environmental stressors, its use in studying stress in birds is in its infancy. We implanted captive lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) with either a biodegradable corticosterone (CORT) pellet to mimic the effects of a prolonged stressor or a placebo pellet. 1D 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was performed on serum samples collected over 20 days after implant surgery. We hypothesized that CORT pellet-induced physiological stress would alter energy metabolism and result in distinct metabolite profiles in ducks compared with placebo (control). Quantitative targeted metabolite analysis revealed that metabolites related to energy metabolism: glucose, formate, lactate, glutamine, 3-hydroxybutyrate, ethanolamine, indole-3- acetate, and threonine differentiated ducks with higher circulatory CORT from controls on day 2. These metabolites function as substrates or intermediates in metabolic pathways related to energy production affected by elevated serum CORT. The use of metabolomics shows promise as a novel tool to identify and characterize physiological responses to stressors in wild birds.
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Chen Y, Ji H, Guo J, Chen Y, Li W, Wang S, Zhen L. Non-targeted Metabolomics Analysis Based on LC–MS to Assess the Effects of Different Cold Exposure Times on Piglets. Front Physiol 2022; 13:853995. [PMID: 35450163 PMCID: PMC9016228 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.853995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigs are susceptible to low temperature conditions, and cold stress causes metabolic changes in the body to increase heat production as an adaption to adverse environments. To characterize and validate different metabolites in piglet livers at different cold exposure times, sixteen 30-day-old male weaned piglets with similar weights were randomly divided into four groups: the normal temperature group (24 ± 2°C, NT) and cold exposure (4 ± 2°C) 2-h group (CS2), 6-h group (CS6), and 12-h group (CS12). At the end of the experiment, the liver samples were analyzed using systemic non-targeted metabolomics. Eight known differentially abundant metabolites (farnesyl pyrophosphate, isocitrate, triethanolamine, phenylethylamine, deoxynosine, citric acid, maltotriose, and epinephrine) were observed between the CS groups and the control group in positive and negative ion modes. The eight main differentially abundant metabolites involved in seven metabolite classifications. Metabolic pathways and enrichment analyses revealed that the pathways involved three KEGG pathway classifications. Most of the pathways were related to amino acid or energy metabolism. Moreover, the metabolic pathways were not identical under different cold exposure times, with those following 2 and 6 h of cold exposure more related to carbohydrates and energy production and those following 12 h of cold exposure more related to the metabolism connected with epinephrine. Thus, under different cold exposure times, the metabolite profiles and metabolic pathways differed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jingru Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Shengping Wang
- Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Shengping Wang, ; Li Zhen,
| | - Li Zhen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- *Correspondence: Shengping Wang, ; Li Zhen,
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3
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Agwunobi DO, Pei T, Bai R, Wang Z, Shi X, Zhang M, Yu Z, Liu J. miR-2a and miR-279 are functionally associated with cold tolerance in Dermacentor silvarum (Acari: Ixodidae). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2022; 41:100946. [PMID: 34872025 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ticks are obligate blood-sucking ectoparasites that can attack mammals, birds, reptiles as well as amphibians. Dermacentor silvarum, an important vector of various pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and protozoans, is widely distributed in China. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ~22 nucleotide non-coding small RNA molecules, involved in the regulation of various physiological and cellular processes. Previous studies demonstrated the vital roles of miRNAs during the reproduction and development of ticks, whereas, the regulatory/functional roles of microRNAs during the cold response of ticks remain unexplored. Here, we identified and functionally explored D. silvarum miRNAs involved in cold response to gain further understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying cold stress in ticks. The microRNA libraries of D. silvarum were established via high-throughput sequencing after exposure to different cold treatments. A total of 147 miRNAs, including 44 known miRNAs and 103 new miRNAs, were identified. The verification of six highly differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-2a, miR-5305, miR-7, miR-279, miR-993, and novel-3) via RT-qPCR were consistent with the high-throughput sequence results. miR-2a peaked by day 6 and miR-279 expression was lowest by day 3 after cold treatment. The potential target genes of miR-2a and miR-279 were the glycogen phosphorylase (GPase) gene and serine gene, respectively. After injecting D. silvarum ticks with miR-2a and miR-279 antagonists, their respective target genes were up-regulated and vice-versa after injection with the agonists. These results indicated that these two miRNAs and their target genes may be involved in the cold response of D. silvarum ticks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desmond O Agwunobi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Tingwei Pei
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Ruwei Bai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Xinyue Shi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
| | - Jingze Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
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Hu L, Brito LF, Abbas Z, Sammad A, Kang L, Wang D, Wu H, Liu A, Qi G, Zhao M, Wang Y, Xu Q. Investigating the Short-Term Effects of Cold Stress on Metabolite Responses and Metabolic Pathways in Inner-Mongolia Sanhe Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092493. [PMID: 34573458 PMCID: PMC8469163 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cold stress is a major environmental stressor affecting cattle performance in temperate regions, which causes impaired welfare and economic losses to cattle producers. The identification of biological mechanisms associated with cold stress response is paramount for developing effective mitigation strategies, such as genomic selection. In this study, we assessed the short-term effects of hyper-cold stress on metabolite responses and metabolic pathways in the serum of Inner-Mongolia Sanhe cattle. Moreover, 19 differential metabolites were found, mainly involved in amino acid metabolism. A further integration of metabolome results and gene expression highlighted the regulation of metabolic changes and related pathways in severe cold exposure, such as “aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis” and “valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation”. In summary, we presented new insights on the short-term effects of severe cold stress as well as metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with cold stress response in Inner-Mongolia Sanhe cattle. Abstract Inner-Mongolia Sanhe cattle are well-adapted to low-temperature conditions, but the metabolic mechanisms underlying their climatic resilience are still unknown. Based on the 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance platform, 41 metabolites were identified and quantified in the serum of 10 heifers under thermal neutrality (5 °C), and subsequent exposure to hyper-cold temperature (−32 °C) for 3 h. Subsequently, 28 metabolites were pre-filtrated, and they provided better performance in multivariate analysis than that of using 41 metabolites. This indicated the need for pre-filtering of the metabolome data in a paired experimental design. In response to the cold exposure challenge, 19 metabolites associated with cold stress response were identified, mainly enriched in “aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis” and “valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation”. A further integration of metabolome and gene expression highlighted the functional roles of the DLD (dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase), WARS (tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase), and RARS (arginyl-tRNA synthetase) genes in metabolic pathways of valine and leucine. Furthermore, the essential regulations of SLC30A6 (solute carrier family 30 (zinc transporter), member 6) in metabolic transportation for propionate, acetate, valine, and leucine under severe cold exposure were observed. Our findings presented a comprehensive characterization of the serum metabolome of Inner-Mongolia Sanhe cattle, and contributed to a better understanding of the crucial roles of regulations in metabolites and metabolic pathways during cold stress events in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Hu
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; (L.H.); (Z.A.); (L.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, MARA, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Luiz F. Brito
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Zaheer Abbas
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; (L.H.); (Z.A.); (L.K.)
| | - Abdul Sammad
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, MARA, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Ling Kang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; (L.H.); (Z.A.); (L.K.)
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Xiertala Cattle Breeding Farm, Hailaer Farm Buro, Hailaer, Hulunbuir 021012, China; (D.W.); (H.W.); (A.L.); (G.Q.); (M.Z.)
| | - Hongjun Wu
- Xiertala Cattle Breeding Farm, Hailaer Farm Buro, Hailaer, Hulunbuir 021012, China; (D.W.); (H.W.); (A.L.); (G.Q.); (M.Z.)
| | - Airong Liu
- Xiertala Cattle Breeding Farm, Hailaer Farm Buro, Hailaer, Hulunbuir 021012, China; (D.W.); (H.W.); (A.L.); (G.Q.); (M.Z.)
| | - Guiqiang Qi
- Xiertala Cattle Breeding Farm, Hailaer Farm Buro, Hailaer, Hulunbuir 021012, China; (D.W.); (H.W.); (A.L.); (G.Q.); (M.Z.)
| | - Man Zhao
- Xiertala Cattle Breeding Farm, Hailaer Farm Buro, Hailaer, Hulunbuir 021012, China; (D.W.); (H.W.); (A.L.); (G.Q.); (M.Z.)
| | - Yachun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, MARA, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (Q.X.)
| | - Qing Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; (L.H.); (Z.A.); (L.K.)
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (Q.X.)
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Shackleton GL. Towards a biochemical approach to occupational stress management. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07175. [PMID: 34141933 PMCID: PMC8187824 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the immense and growing cost of occupational stress to society through lost productivity and the burden to healthcare systems, current best practices for detecting, managing and reducing stress in the workplace are clearly sub-optimal and substantially better methods are required. Subjective, self-reported psychology and psychiatry-based instruments are prone to biases whereas current objective, biology-based measures produce conflicting results and are far from reliable. A multivariate approach to occupational stress research is required that reflects the broad, coordinated, physiological response to demands placed on the body by exposure to diverse occupational stressors. A literature review was conducted to determine the extent of application of the emerging multivariate technology of metabolomics to occupational stress research. Of 170 articles meeting the search criteria, three were identified that specifically studied occupational stressors using metabolomics. A further ten studies were not specifically occupational or were of indirect or peripheral relevance. The occupational studies, although limited in number highlight the technological challenges associated with the application of metabolomics to investigate occupational stress. They also demonstrate the utility to evaluate stress more comprehensively than univariate biomarker studies. The potential of this multivariate approach to enhance our understanding of occupational stress has yet to be established. This will require more studies with broader analytical coverage of the metabolome, longitudinal sampling, combination with experience sampling methods and comparison with psychometric models of occupational stress. Progress will likely involve combining multi-omic data into a holistic, systems biology approach to detecting, managing and reducing occupational stress and optimizing workplace performance.
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Liu Y, Xu B, Hu Y, Liu P, Lian S, Lv H, Yang Y, Ji H, Yang H, Liu J, Yao R, Li S. O-GlcNAc / Akt pathway regulates glucose metabolism and reduces apoptosis in liver of piglets with acute cold stress. Cryobiology 2021; 100:125-132. [PMID: 33651993 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress is one of the serious factors restricting the development of animal husbandry in cold areas. Cold exposure can easily lead to cold stress, slow growth and even death of newborn animals. O-GlcNAcylation modification can act as type of "stress receptor" and"nutrition sensor" in a variety of stress responses, however, it is not clear how O-GlcNAcylation can regulate glucose metabolism in the liver of piglets under cold stress. In this study, piglets 21 days of age were exposed to 4 °C for 4 h or 8 h in a phytotron. Serum cortisol and other stress hormones were used to assess body status to establish a cold stress piglet model. The changes of glycogen in liver were detected by PAS. FDP and PA were also measured to study the glycolysis level of liver. To characterize potential mechanisms of O-GlcNAcylation on the livers of cold stress piglets, AKT, GSK3β, GS, PFKFB2, AS160 and their corresponding phosphorylation were determined by Western blotting. Results show O-GlcNAcylation increased and apoptosis levels increased in the liver following cold exposure during excessive CORT or metabolic dysfunction. It is suggested that the acute cold exposure of piglets induced a sequential change in the level of O-GlcNAcylation, which may be one of the factors mediating liver cell apoptosis and glucose metabolism regulation by the O-GlcNAc/AKT pathway. These findings provide new insight into the mechanisms of the cold stress response, which can facilitate the development of new strategies to combat the effects of hypothermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Bin Xu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Yajie Hu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Shuai Lian
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Hongming Lv
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Yuying Yang
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Hong Ji
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Huanmin Yang
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Juxiong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, PR China
| | - Ruizhi Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, PR China.
| | - Shize Li
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China.
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Song J, Ma W, Gu X, Zhao L, Jiang J, Xu Y, Zhang L, Zhou M, Yang L. Metabolomic signatures and microbial community profiling of depressive rat model induced by adrenocorticotrophic hormone. J Transl Med 2019; 17:224. [PMID: 31307473 PMCID: PMC6631535 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1970-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-treatment rat model has been utilized as a widely accepted model of treatment-resistant depression. Metabolomic signatures represent the pathophysiological phenotype of diseases. Recent studies in gut microbiota and metabolomics analysis revealed the dramatic role of microbiome in psychoneurological system diseases, but still, the mechanisms underlying gut microbiome–host interaction remain unclear. Methods Male Wistar rats were s.c. injection of ACTH fragment 1–24 for 14 days to induce treatment-resistant depression. Depression-related behavioral tests, analysis of serum monoamine neurotransmitters and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis-related hormones were determined for assessment of ACTH-induced depression rat model. A gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometer based urinary metabolomic signatures integrated 16S rRNA sequence analysis based gut microbial profiling was performed, as well as Spearman’s correlation coefficient analysis was used to manifest the covariation between the differential urinary metabolites and gut microbiota of genus level. Results Chronic injection of ACTH-induced depression-like phenotype (increased immobility time in forced swimming test and tail suspension test) was accompanied by peripheral serotonin down-regulation and HPA axis overactivation (ACTH and corticosterone up-regulation). Urinary metabolomics analysis indicated that pyruvic acid, l-threonine, mannitol, d-gluconic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, d-arabitol, myo-inositol and ascorbic acid levels were reduced in ACTH-treated rats’ urine, while hippurate level was elevated. In addition, microbial community profiling revealed bacterial enrichment (e.g. Ruminococcus, Klebsiella) and reduction (e.g. Akkermansia, Lactobacillus) in the ACTH-induced depression rat model. Correlation analysis showed that Akkermansia and Lactobacillus were closely relevant to metabolites myo-inositol and hippurate, which were included in host inositol phosphate metabolism, and phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis. Conclusions Depression rat model induced by ACTH is associated with disturbance of pyruvate metabolism, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, inositol phosphate metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, and glycolysis or gluconeogenesis, as well as changes in microbial community structure. Gut microbiota may participate in the mediation of systemic metabolomic changes in ACTH-induced depression model. Therefore, integrated metabolomic signatures and gut microbial community profiling would provide a basis for further studies on the pathogenesis of depression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-019-1970-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Song
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weini Ma
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xinyi Gu
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Experiment Center of Teaching & Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.,School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Le Zhao
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiaye Jiang
- Experiment Center of Teaching & Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Physiology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mingmei Zhou
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Li Yang
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Hadrévi J, Jonsdottir IH, Jansson PA, Eriksson JW, Sjörs A. Plasma metabolomic patterns in patients with exhaustion disorder. Stress 2019; 22:17-26. [PMID: 30084722 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2018.1494150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Exhaustion disorder (ED) is a stress-related disorder that often implies a great burden on the individual patient as well as on society. Previous studies have shown that ED is associated with metabolic deviations, such as lowered fasting glucose. Several mechanisms have been discussed as a plausible explanation of the lack of energy described by these patients. Metabolic processes and reduced ability to mobilize energy have been suggested as important factors. This study investigated metabolomics in 20 patients diagnosed with ED and compared them with 21 healthy controls. Plasma metabolic profiles were examined in both fasting and nonfasting (postprandial) conditions. Blood plasma samples were analyzed for metabolite content using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. A total of 62 different metabolites were simultaneously detected in each of the samples. Multivariate models indicated systematic differences between patients with ED and healthy controls in both their fasting and nonfasting plasma metabolite levels. Lysine and octadecenoic acid were more abundant and glutamine, glycine, serine and gluconic acid were less abundant in the patients across both conditions. In the present study, we comprehensively and simultaneously screen for changes in a large number of metabolites. Our results show a difference in systemic metabolites between patients with exhaustion disorder and healthy controls both in the fasting and in the postprandial states. Here, we present new potential biomarkers mirroring exhaustion disorder metabolism. Lay summary Exhaustion disorder (ED) patients suffer from stress-related symptoms including a reduced energy level. This study investigates the body's metabolism in patients with ED, both fasting and after a meal. New potential markers that may help future investigations on ED were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Hadrévi
- a Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicines , Umeå University , Sweden
| | - Ingibjörg H Jonsdottir
- b The Institute of Stress Medicine , Gothenburg , Sweden Region Västra Götaland
- c Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science , University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Per-Anders Jansson
- d Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy , University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Jan W Eriksson
- e Department of Medical Sciences , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Anna Sjörs
- b The Institute of Stress Medicine , Gothenburg , Sweden Region Västra Götaland
- f Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy , University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
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Effects of Acute Cold Stress on Liver O-GlcNAcylation and Glycometabolism in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092815. [PMID: 30231545 PMCID: PMC6165085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine glycosylation (O-GlcNAcylation) regulates many biological processes. Studies have shown that O-GlcNAc modification levels can increase during acute stress and suggested that this may contribute to the survival of the cell. This study investigated the possible effects of O-GlcNAcylation that regulate glucose metabolism, apoptosis, and autophagy in the liver after acute cold stress. Male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to cold conditions (4 °C) for 0, 2, 4, and 6 h, then their livers were extracted and the expression of proteins involved in glucose metabolism, apoptosis, and autophagy was determined. It was found that acute cold stress increased global O-GlcNAcylation and protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation levels. This was accompanied by significantly increased activation levels of the glucose metabolism regulators 160 kDa AKT substrate (AS160), 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 2 (PFKFB2), and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β). The levels of glycolytic intermediates, fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) and pyruvic acid (PA), were found to show a brief increase followed by a sharp decrease. Additionally, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), as the main cellular energy source, had a sharp increase. Furthermore, the B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)/Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) ratio was found to increase, whereas cysteine-aspartic acid protease 3 (caspase-3) and light chain 3-II (LC3-II) levels were reduced after acute cold stress. Therefore, acute cold stress was found to increase O-GlcNAc modification levels, which may have resulted in the decrease of the essential processes of apoptosis and autophagy, promoting cell survival, while altering glycose transport, glycogen synthesis, and glycolysis in the liver.
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Urinary Metabolomic Study of Chlorogenic Acid in a Rat Model of Chronic Sleep Deprivation Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Int J Genomics 2018; 2018:1361402. [PMID: 29607310 PMCID: PMC5828092 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1361402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The urinary metabolomic study based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) had been developed to investigate the possible antidepressant mechanism of chlorogenic acid (CGA) in a rat model of sleep deprivation (SD). According to pattern recognition analysis, there was a clear separation among big platform group (BP), sleep deprivation group (SD), and the CGA (model + CGA), and CGA group was much closer to the BP group by showing a tendency of recovering towards BP group. Thirty-six significantly changed metabolites related to antidepressant by CGA were identified and used to explore the potential mechanism. Combined with the result of the classic behavioral tests and biochemical indices, CGA has significant antidepressant effects in a rat model of SD, suggesting that the mechanism of action of CGA might be involved in regulating the abnormal pathway of nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; and arginine and proline metabolism. Our results also show that metabolomics analysis based on GC-MS is a useful tool for exploring biomarkers involved in depression and elucidating the potential therapeutic mechanisms of Chinese medicine.
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Wang J, Hou Y, Jia Z, Xie X, Liu J, Kang Y, Wang X, Wang X, Jia W. Metabonomics Approach To Comparing the Antistress Effects of Four Panax ginseng Components in Rats. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:813-821. [PMID: 29302971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Different components of Panax ginseng have different properties and medicinal effects. Metabonomics was a prospective approach to analyze the global response of endogenous metabolites to physiological and pathological processes. In this study, an untargeted metabonomics method using GC/TOFMS combined with multivariate statistical techniques was applied to compare entire metabolite differences and the antistress variations among four components of P. ginseng, namely, total ginsenosides (TG), panaxadiol (PD), panaxatriol (PT), and ginseng polysaccharide (PS), in Wistar rats. The results of metabolite analysis showed that numerous urine metabolites involving neurotransmitters, amino acids, organic acids, and gut microbiota metabolites were changed after administration of the four components of P. ginseng, with TG having the least impact on urinary metabolites. The urinary metabolite profiling of these rats exposed to acute combined stress (forced swimming and behavior restriction) demonstrated that the four ginseng components attenuated urine metabolite changes involving gut microbiota metabolites, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and energy metabolites, and organic acids to different degrees, with TG improving most of the metabolites altered by stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yuanlong Hou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhiying Jia
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xie Xie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jiajian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yani Kang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Bio-ID Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Bio-ID Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wei Jia
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai 200233, China
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12
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Zhao L, Zhang Z, Zhou M, Gou X, Zeng Y, Song J, Ma W, Xu Y. A urinary metabolomics (GC-MS) strategy to evaluate the antidepressant-like effect of chlorogenic acid in adrenocorticotropic hormone-treated rats. RSC Adv 2018; 8:9141-9151. [PMID: 35541857 PMCID: PMC9078588 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00074c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic recurring illness that seriously affects human health. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), an important polyphenol extracted from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver bark, has been reported to have anti-depression, neuroprotection, memory improvement and other pharmacological effects. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of CGA on the treatment of depression. Here, we investigated the antidepressant-like effects of CGA on an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-treated rat model. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal diet group (N), ACTH-treated model group (M), memantine positive control group (M + Mem) and CGA intervened group (M + CGA). Sucrose preference tests (SPTs) and open-field tests (OFTs) were performed to evaluate depressive-like behaviors. Memantine (30 mg kg−1) and CGA (500 mg kg−1) administration dramatically increased hedonic behaviors of the rats in SPT. The scores of crossing and rearing were significantly increased in the M + Mem group and M + CGA group. These results of the behaviour tests might be suggestive of antidepressant-like effects. Moreover, memantine and CGA reversed the levels of serum 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), ACTH, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), and dopamine (DA) that were altered in ACTH-treated rats. Based on a GC-MS metabolomic approach, significant differences in the metabolic profile were observed in ACTH-treated rats compared with the control group, as well as the M + CGA group and M + Mem group compared with the ACTH-treated group. A total of 19 metabolites were identified for the discrimination of normal rats and ACTH-treated rats, and 12 out of 19 differential metabolites were reversed with CGA intervention. Combined with pattern recognition and bioinformatics, nine perturbed metabolic pathways, including energy metabolism, neurotransmitter metabolism, and amino acid metabolism, were identified based on these metabolites. These integrative studies might give a holistic insight into the pathophysiological mechanism of the ACTH-treated depressive rat model, and also showed that CGA has antidepressant-like activities in ACTH-treated rats, providing an important drug candidate for the prevention and treatment of tricyclic anti-depressant treatment-resistant depression. Chlorogenic acid showed antidepressant-like activity in chronic ACTH-treated rats, providing a potential drug candidate for prevention and treatment of tricyclic antidepressant treatment-resistant depression. Related metabolic pathways were shown.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhao
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Zixu Zhang
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
- College of Chinese Pharmacy
| | - Mingmei Zhou
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
| | - Xiaojun Gou
- Central Laboratory
- Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Shanghai
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201999
- China
| | - Yang Zeng
- College of Life Science
- Qinghai Normal University
- Xining
- China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
| | - Jing Song
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Weini Ma
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Physiology
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
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Lian S, Guo J, Wang L, Li W, Wang J, Ji H, Kong F, Xu B, Li S, Yang H. Impact of prenatal cold stress on placental physiology, inflammatory response, and apoptosis in rats. Oncotarget 2017; 8:115304-115314. [PMID: 29383161 PMCID: PMC5777773 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal cold stress is one of the earliest factors affecting mammalian health, and is associated with neonatal growth retardation and immune dysfunction, thus increasing disease susceptibility. The mechanisms underlying these observations remain unclear; hence, the objective of this study was to elucidate placental responses to cold stress. 60 maternal rats were randomly allocated to either stressed (n = 30) or non-stressed (control, n = 30) treatment conditions and 30 pubs (n=15) were used for the pups analysis. We found that maternal exposure to cold stress resulted in decreased body temperature, increased food intake without body weight gain, and a high level of plasma corticosterone (CORT) between gestational day (GD) 14 and GD21. In addition, gestation cold stress induced the placental expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), IκBα, glucocorticoid receptor (GR), mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11β-HSD2), interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), Caspase-3 proteins and altered the ratio of B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) to Bcl-associated x (Bax) proteins on gestational GD15, GD17, GD19, and GD21, also resulted in the production of interleukin (IL)-1β. Next, gestational cold stress provoked a decrease in plasma GH levels of 21-day-old offspring, and the body weights of offspring were have no differences from postnatal day (PD) 1–21. Taken together, our results indicate that gestational cold stress induces placental apoptosis and the activation of NF-kB via HSP70/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways in the placenta, these changes may affect placental function and fetus development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Lian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Jingru Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Lipeng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Jianfa Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Hong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Fanzhi Kong
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Bin Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Shize Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Huanmin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
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Knowles EEM, Huynh K, Meikle PJ, Göring HHH, Olvera RL, Mathias SR, Duggirala R, Almasy L, Blangero J, Curran JE, Glahn DC. The lipidome in major depressive disorder: Shared genetic influence for ether-phosphatidylcholines, a plasma-based phenotype related to inflammation, and disease risk. Eur Psychiatry 2017; 43:44-50. [PMID: 28365467 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lipidome is rapidly garnering interest in the field of psychiatry. Recent studies have implicated lipidomic changes across numerous psychiatric disorders. In particular, there is growing evidence that the concentrations of several classes of lipids are altered in those diagnosed with MDD. However, for lipidomic abnormalities to be considered potential treatment targets for MDD (rather than secondary manifestations of the disease), a shared etiology between lipid concentrations and MDD should be demonstrated. METHODS In a sample of 567 individuals from 37 extended pedigrees (average size 13.57 people, range=3-80), we used mass spectrometry lipidomic measures to evaluate the genetic overlap between twenty-three biologically distinct lipid classes and a dimensional scale of MDD. RESULTS We found that the lipid class with the largest endophenotype ranking value (ERV, a standardized parametric measure of pleiotropy) were ether-phosphodatidylcholines (alkylphosphatidylcholine, PC(O) and alkenylphosphatidylcholine, PC(P) subclasses). Furthermore, we examined the cluster structure of the twenty-five species within the top-ranked lipid class, and the relationship of those clusters with MDD. This analysis revealed that species containing arachidonic acid generally exhibited the greatest degree of genetic overlap with MDD. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to demonstrate a shared genetic etiology between MDD and ether-phosphatidylcholine species containing arachidonic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid that is a precursor to inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandins. The study highlights the potential utility of the well-characterized linoleic/arachidonic acid inflammation pathway as a diagnostic marker and/or treatment target for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E M Knowles
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - K Huynh
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P J Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - H H H Göring
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - R L Olvera
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - S R Mathias
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - R Duggirala
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - L Almasy
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - J Blangero
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - J E Curran
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - D C Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
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15
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Akimoto H, Oshima S, Ohara K, Negishi A, Hiroyama H, Nemoto T, Kobayashi D. High-Resolution Magic-Angle Spinning- 1H-NMR Spectroscopy-Based Metabolic Profiling of Hippocampal Tissue in Rats with Depression-Like Symptoms. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:789-796. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shinji Oshima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Kousuke Ohara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Akio Negishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Hanako Hiroyama
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Tadashi Nemoto
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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16
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Pan X, Chang Y, Zeng X, Zhou C, Hong J, Yuan C, Cui L, Ma J, Hua X. WITHDRAWN: 1H NMR-based metabolic analysis to investigation of metabolism changes in urine and serum of cynomolgus macaques (acaca fascicularis) subjected to air and road transportation. Res Vet Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Zhang Z, Wang X, Wang J, Jia Z, Liu Y, Xie X, Wang C, Jia W. Metabonomics Approach to Assessing the Metabolism Variation and Endoexogenous Metabolic Interaction of Ginsenosides in Cold Stress Rats. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:1842-52. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Zhang
- Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai
Center for Systems Biomedicine and ‡Instrumental Analysis Center of SJTU, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai
Center for Systems Biomedicine and ‡Instrumental Analysis Center of SJTU, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jingcheng Wang
- Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai
Center for Systems Biomedicine and ‡Instrumental Analysis Center of SJTU, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhiying Jia
- Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai
Center for Systems Biomedicine and ‡Instrumental Analysis Center of SJTU, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yumin Liu
- Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai
Center for Systems Biomedicine and ‡Instrumental Analysis Center of SJTU, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xie Xie
- Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai
Center for Systems Biomedicine and ‡Instrumental Analysis Center of SJTU, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Chongchong Wang
- Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai
Center for Systems Biomedicine and ‡Instrumental Analysis Center of SJTU, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wei Jia
- Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai
Center for Systems Biomedicine and ‡Instrumental Analysis Center of SJTU, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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18
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Jia HM, Li Q, Zhou C, Yu M, Yang Y, Zhang HW, Ding G, Shang H, Zou ZM. Chronic unpredictive mild stress leads to altered hepatic metabolic profile and gene expression. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23441. [PMID: 27006086 PMCID: PMC4804211 DOI: 10.1038/srep23441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a complex disease characterized by a series of pathological changes. Research on depression is mainly focused on the changes in brain, but not on liver. Therefore, we initially explored the metabolic profiles of hepatic extracts from rats treated with chronic unpredictive mild stress (CUMS) by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Using multivariate statistical analysis, a total of 26 altered metabolites distinguishing CUMS-induced depression from normal control were identified. Using two-stage receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, 18 metabolites were recognized as potential biomarkers related to CUMS-induced depression via 12 metabolic pathways. Subsequently, we detected the mRNA expressions levels of apoptosis-associated genes such as Bax and Bcl-2 and four key enzymes including Pla2g15, Pnpla6, Baat and Gad1 involved in phospholipid and primary bile acid biosynthesis in liver tissues of CUMS rats by real-time qRT-PCR assay. The expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Pla2g15, Pnpla6 and Gad1 mRNA were 1.43,1.68, 1.74, 1.67 and 1.42-fold higher, and those of Baat, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio mRNA were 0.83, 0.85-fold lower in CUMS rats compared with normal control. Results of liver-targeted metabonomics and mRNA expression demonstrated that CUMS-induced depression leads to variations in hepatic metabolic profile and gene expression, and ultimately results in liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Mei Jia
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qi Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Meng Yu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong-Wu Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Gang Ding
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hai Shang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhong-Mei Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
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Lee DY, Kim E, Choi MH. Technical and clinical aspects of cortisol as a biochemical marker of chronic stress. BMB Rep 2016; 48:209-16. [PMID: 25560699 PMCID: PMC4436856 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2015.48.4.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is now recognized as a universal premorbid factor associated with many risk factors of various chronic diseases. Acute stress may induce an individual's adaptive response to environmental demands. However, chronic, excessive stress causes cumulative negative impacts on health outcomes through "allostatic load". Thus, monitoring the quantified levels of long-term stress mediators would provide a timely opportunity for prevention or earlier intervention of stress-related chronic illnesses. Although either acute or chronic stress could be quantified through measurement of changes in physiological parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, and levels of various metabolic hormones, it is still elusive to interpret whether the changes in circulating levels of stress mediators such as cortisol can reflect the acute, chronic, or diurnal variations. Both serum and salivary cortisol levels reveal acute changes at a single point in time, but the overall long-term systemic cortisol exposure is difficult to evaluate due to circadian variations and its protein-binding capacity. Scalp hair has a fairy predictable growth rate of approximately 1 cm/month, and the most 1 cm segment approximates the last month's cortisol production as the mean value. The analysis of cortisol in hair is a highly promising technique for the retrospective assessment of chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Yup Lee
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 136-702, Korea
| | - Eosu Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | - Man Ho Choi
- Future Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Korea
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Yu X, Qiao S, Wang D, Dai J, Wang J, Zhang R, Wang L, Li L. A metabolomics-based approach for ranking the depressive level in a chronic unpredictable mild stress rat model. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00665e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An untargeted metabolomics study to investigate the metabolome change in plasma, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) in an animal model with a major depressive disorder (MDD) had been conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yu
- Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection
- School of Public Health
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Shanlei Qiao
- Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection
- School of Public Health
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection
- School of Public Health
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Jiayong Dai
- Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection
- School of Public Health
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Public Health
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing 211166
| | - Rutan Zhang
- Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection
- School of Public Health
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection
- School of Public Health
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection
- School of Public Health
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
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21
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Liu J, Li F, Tang XD, Ma J, Ma X, Ge DY, Li GM, Wang Y. XiangshaLiujunzi decoction alleviates the symptoms of functional dyspepsia by regulating brain-gut axis and production of neuropeptides. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:387. [PMID: 26508134 PMCID: PMC4623916 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0913-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Chinese medicine xiangshaliujunzi decoction (XSLJZD) plays a key role in treating functional dyspepsia (FD), a common clinical gastrointestinal disorder. However, the mechanism of this disease is unclear. Brain–gut axis regulates food intake behaviour, and this regulatory mechanism is mediated by neuropeptides. Brain–gut axis impairment and neuropeptide alteration may be the pathological mechanisms of FD, and brain–gut axis regulation may influence the action of medicine. Methods In our experiment, the effect of XSLJZD on FD was evaluated in terms of food intake, sucrose preference test and electromyogram. Changes in neuropeptides [ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)] were detected through immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR and ELISA. Results XSLJZD increased food intake and the percentage of sucrose preference (>75 %). However, the response to gastric detention decreased. Furthermore, XSLJZD increased ghrelin, CCK, VIP proteins and genes in the stomach. XSLJZD also increased ghrelin, CCK and VIP proteins in serum. By contrast, XSLJZD decreased the mRNA expression of these neuropeptides in the hypothalamus. Conclusions XSLJZD alleviated the symptoms of FD by upregulating the production of ghrelin, CCK and VIP and by increasing the levels of these neuropeptides in circulation. This finding can help elucidate the mechanism of FD and can provide further insight into the pharmacokinetics of XSLJZD.
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22
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Zhai XJ, Chen F, Chen C, Zhu CR, Lu YN. LC-MS/MS based studies on the anti-depressant effect of hypericin in the chronic unpredictable mild stress rat model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 169:363-369. [PMID: 25957811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE St John׳s Wort (Hypericum perforatum, SJW) is a widely used herbal medicine in western countries but also an important Uygur drug in China. Hypericin (HY) is the main components in SJW extracts, which is used to treat fatigue, weakness, and mild depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-depression effects of HY on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model rats and identify the possible mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the protective effects of HY on CUMS-induced depression in rats were investigated by using a combination of behavioral assessments and urinary metabolites analysis. Urinary metabolites analyses were performed using LC-MS/MS in conjunction with principal components analysis (PCA) after oral administration of either HY or Venlafaxine (VF) for 27 days. During the procedure of experiment, food consumption, body weight, adrenal gland, thymus and spleen indices, behavior scores, sucrose consumption, and stress hormone levels were measured. RESULTS Changes in the classic behavioral tests and pharmacological biochemical indices reflected that HY alleviated the symptoms of depression in a shorter period than VF, which was used as positive control for antidepression. Metabolites analysis of urine revealed that HY affected excitatory amino acids and monoamine neurotransmitter metabolites. Remarkably, urinary valine was increased remarkably by HY, even much higher than CUMS group. These results provide important mechanistic insights into the protective effects of HY against CUMS-induced depression and metabolic dysfunction. CONCLUSION As the most important active ingredient in SJW extracts, HY possesses the better protective effect against CUMS-induced depression symptoms and metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-jia Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Fen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Chao-ran Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Yong-ning Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, People׳s Republic of China.
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23
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Liu X, Zheng P, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Hu C, Li J, Zhao J, Zhou J, Xie P, Xu G. Discovery and Validation of Plasma Biomarkers for Major Depressive Disorder Classification Based on Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:2322-30. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Department
of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
- Institute
of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinjie Zhao
- Key
Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department
of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
- Institute
of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chunxiu Hu
- Key
Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jia Li
- Key
Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jieyu Zhao
- Key
Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Department
of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
- Institute
of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department
of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
- Institute
of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Guowang Xu
- Key
Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
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24
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Metabolomic identification of biochemical changes induced by fluoxetine and imipramine in a chronic mild stress mouse model of depression. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8890. [PMID: 25749400 PMCID: PMC4352870 DOI: 10.1038/srep08890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics was applied to a C57BL/6N mouse model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CMS). Such mice were treated with two antidepressants from different categories: fluoxetine and imipramine. Metabolic profiling of the hippocampus was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis on samples prepared under optimized conditions, followed by principal component analysis, partial least squares-discriminant analysis, and pair-wise orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analyses. Body weight measurement and behavior tests including an open field test and the forced swimming test were completed with the mice as a measure of the phenotypes of depression and antidepressive effects. As a result, 23 metabolites that had been differentially expressed among the control, CMS, and antidepressant-treated groups demonstrated that amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, adenosine receptors, and neurotransmitters are commonly perturbed by drug treatment. Potential predictive markers for treatment effect were identified: myo-inositol for fluoxetine and lysine and oleic acid for imipramine. Collectively, the current study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of the antidepressant effects of two widely used medications.
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25
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Xie YY, Li L, Shao Q, Wang YM, Liang QL, Zhang HY, Sun P, Qiao MQ, Luo GA. Urinary metabolomics study on an induced-stress rat model using UPLC-QTOF/MS. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10992b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An integrated application of multivariable analysis and artificial intelligence was used for the first time to find potential biomarkers relating to the occurrence and development of liver-Qi syndrome PMS induced by electric stimulation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-yuan Xie
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
- The Second College of Clinical Medicine
| | - Qun Shao
- School of Life Science
- University of Bradford
- Bradford
- UK
| | - Yi-ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
| | - Qiong-Lin Liang
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
| | - Hui-Yun Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Peng Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Ming-qi Qiao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Guo-An Luo
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
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26
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Lin Z, Zhang Z, Lu H, Jin Y, Yi L, Liang Y. Joint MS-based platforms for comprehensive comparison of rat plasma and serum metabolic profiling. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 28:1235-45. [PMID: 24619916 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a rapidly growing field in the comprehensive understanding of cellular and organism-specific responses associated with perturbations induced by medicines, chemicals and environment. Blood matrices are frequently used in clinical and biological studies. In this study, we compared metabolic profiling between rat plasma and serum using complementary platforms of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-quadruple time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS). The sample types that were tested included plasma prepared with K2 EDTA and serum collected using venous blood collection protocols. The results of peak area variation for each detected metabolite/feature in the quality control samples showed a good reproducibility in LC-QTOF-MS and better reproducibility in GC-MS. In GC-MS analysis: (a) 25.8% of the defined metabolites differed serum from plasma profiling (t-test, p < 0.05); and (b) serum possessed higher sensitivity than plasma for its generally higher peak intensity in the metabolic profiling. In LC-QTOF-MS analysis, 13 (in positive ion mode) and seven (in negative ion mode) important metabolites were identified as mainly contributing to the separation between serum and plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People's Republic of China
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27
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You R, Pang Q, Li L. A Metabolic Phenotyping Approach to Characterize the Effects of Cantonese Herbal Tea on Restraint Stressed Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2014; 37:1466-74. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b14-00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong You
- College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University
- Mitochodria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington
| | - Qihua Pang
- College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University
| | - Lin Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology
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28
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Li J, Tang G, Cheng K, Yang D, Chen G, Liu Z, Zhang R, Zhou J, Fang L, Fang Z, Du X, Xie P. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell-based metabolomic profiling of a chronic unpredictable mild stress rat model of depression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 10:2994-3001. [PMID: 25182291 DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00388h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating mood disorder with various etiopathological hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology
- Chongqing 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ge Tang
- Department of Neurology
- Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 402460, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology
- Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology
- Chongqing 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Deyu Yang
- Department of Neurology
- Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 402460, China
- Institute of Neuroscience
- Chongqing Medical University
| | - Guanghui Chen
- Department of Neurology
- Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 402460, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology
- Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Neurology
- Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 402460, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology
- Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Rufang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine
- the Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing
- , China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Department of Neurology
- Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 402460, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology
- Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liang Fang
- Department of Neurology
- Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 402460, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology
- Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zheng Fang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology
- Chongqing 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiangyu Du
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology
- Chongqing 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Neurology
- Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing 402460, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology
- Chongqing 400016, China
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29
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Zaitsu K, Miyawaki I, Bando K, Horie H, Shima N, Katagi M, Tatsuno M, Bamba T, Sato T, Ishii A, Tsuchihashi H, Suzuki K, Fukusaki E. Metabolic profiling of urine and blood plasma in rat models of drug addiction on the basis of morphine, methamphetamine, and cocaine-induced conditioned place preference. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:1339-54. [PMID: 23912828 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7234-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic profiles of urine and blood plasma in drug-addicted rat models based on morphine (MOR), methamphetamine (MA), and cocaine (COC)-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) were investigated. Rewarding effects induced by each drug were assessed by use of the CPP model. A mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics approach was applied to urine and plasma of MOR, MA, and COC-addicted rats. In total, 57 metabolites in plasma and 70 metabolites in urine were identified by gas chromatography-MS. The metabolomics approach revealed that amounts of some metabolites, including tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, significantly changed in the urine of MOR-addicted rats. This result indicated that disruption of energy metabolism is deeply relevant to MOR addiction. In addition, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, L-tryptophan, cystine, and n-propylamine levels were significantly changed in the plasma of MOR-addicted rats. Lactose, spermidine, and stearic acid levels were significantly changed in the urine of MA-addicted rats. Threonine, cystine, and spermidine levels were significantly increased in the plasma of COC-addicted rats. In conclusion, differences in the metabolic profiles were suggestive of different biological states of MOR, MA, and COC addiction; these may be attributed to the different actions of the drugs on the brain reward circuitry and the resulting adaptation. In addition, the results showed possibility of predict the extent of MOR addiction by metabolic profiling. This is the first study to apply metabolomics to CPP models of drug addiction, and we demonstrated that metabolomics can be a multilateral approach to investigating the mechanism of drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Zaitsu
- Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan,
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30
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Jia HM, Feng YF, Liu YT, Chang X, Chen L, Zhang HW, Ding G, Zou ZM. Integration of ¹H NMR and UPLC-Q-TOF/MS for a comprehensive urinary metabonomics study on a rat model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63624. [PMID: 23696839 PMCID: PMC3656962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a type of complex psychiatric disorder with long-term, recurrent bouts, and its etiology remains largely unknown. Here, an integrated approach utilizing 1H NMR and UPLC-Q-TOF/MS together was firstly used for a comprehensive urinary metabonomics study on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) treated rats. More than twenty-nine metabolic pathways were disturbed after CUMS treatment and thirty-six potential biomarkers were identified by using two complementary analytical technologies. Among the identified biomarkers, nineteen (10, 11,16, 17, 21–25, and 27–36) were firstly reported as potential biomarkers of CUMS-induced depression. Obviously, this paper presented a comprehensive map of the metabolic pathways perturbed by CUMS and expanded on the multitude of potential biomarkers that have been previously reported in the CUMS model. Four metabolic pathways, including valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis; phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis; tryptophan metabolism; synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies had the deepest influence in the pathophysiologic process of depression. Fifteen potential biomarkers (1–2, 4–6, 15, 18, 20–23, 27, 32, 35–36) involved in the above four metabolic pathways might become the screening criteria in clinical diagnosis and predict the development of depression. Moreover, the results of Western blot analysis of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (DDC) and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) in the hippocampus of CUMS-treated rats indicated that depletion of 5-HT and tryptophan, production of 5-MT and altered expression of DDC and IDO together played a key role in the initiation and progression of depression. In addition, none of the potential biomarkers were detected by NMR and LC-MS simultaneously which indicated the complementary of the two kinds of detection technologies. Therefore, the integration of 1H NMR and UPLC-Q-TOF/MS in metabonomics study provided an approach to identify the comprehensive potential depression-related biomarkers and helpful in further understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of depression through the disturbance of metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-mei Jia
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yu-fei Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yue-tao Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xing Chang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hong-wu Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Gang Ding
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhong-mei Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
- * E-mail:
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31
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Lees HJ, Swann JR, Wilson ID, Nicholson JK, Holmes E. Hippurate: The Natural History of a Mammalian–Microbial Cometabolite. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:1527-46. [DOI: 10.1021/pr300900b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J. Lees
- Biomolecular
Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7
2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R. Swann
- Department
of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP,
United Kingdom
| | - Ian D. Wilson
- Biomolecular
Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7
2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy K. Nicholson
- Biomolecular
Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7
2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Biomolecular
Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7
2AZ, United Kingdom
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32
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Knolhoff AM, Nautiyal KM, Nemes P, Kalachikov S, Morozova I, Silver R, Sweedler JV. Combining small-volume metabolomic and transcriptomic approaches for assessing brain chemistry. Anal Chem 2013; 85:3136-43. [PMID: 23409944 PMCID: PMC3605826 DOI: 10.1021/ac3032959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The integration of disparate data
types provides a more complete
picture of complex biological systems. Here we combine small-volume
metabolomic and transcriptomic platforms to determine subtle chemical
changes and to link metabolites and genes to biochemical pathways.
Capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry (CE–MS)
and whole-genome gene expression arrays, aided by integrative pathway
analysis, were utilized to survey metabolomic/transcriptomic hippocampal
neurochemistry. We measured changes in individual hippocampi from
the mast cell mutant mouse strain, C57BL/6 KitW-sh/W-sh. These mice have a
naturally occurring mutation in the white spotting locus that causes
reduced c-Kit receptor expression and an inability of mast cells to
differentiate from their hematopoietic progenitors. Compared with
their littermates, the mast cell-deficient mice have profound deficits
in spatial learning, memory, and neurogenesis. A total of 18 distinct
metabolites were identified in the hippocampus that discriminated
between the C57BL/6 KitW-sh/W-sh and control mice. The combined analysis of metabolite and
gene expression changes revealed a number of altered pathways. Importantly,
results from both platforms indicated that multiple pathways are impacted,
including amino acid metabolism, increasing the confidence in each
approach. Because the CE–MS and expression profiling are both
amenable to small-volume analysis, this integrated analysis is applicable
to a range of volume-limited biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann M Knolhoff
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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33
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Wu S, Tan G, Dong X, Zhu Z, Li W, Lou Z, Chai Y. Metabolic profiling provides a system understanding of hypothyroidism in rats and its application. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55599. [PMID: 23409005 PMCID: PMC3567130 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypothyroidism is a chronic condition of endocrine disorder and its precise molecular mechanism remains obscure. In spite of certain efficacy of thyroid hormone replacement therapy in treating hypothyroidism, it often results in other side effects because of its over-replacement, so it is still urgent to discover new modes of treatment for hypothyroidism. Sini decoction (SND) is a well-known formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and is considered as efficient agents against hypothyroidism. However, its holistic effect assessment and mechanistic understanding are still lacking due to its complex components. Methodology/Principal Findings A urinary metabonomic method based on ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was employed to explore global metabolic characters of hypothyroidism. Three typical hypothyroidism models (methimazole-, propylthiouracil- and thyroidectomy-induced hypothyroidism) were applied to elucidate the molecular mechanism of hypothyroidism. 17, 21, 19 potential biomarkers were identified with these three hypothyroidism models respectively, primarily involved in energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism and purine metabolism. In order to avert the interference of drug interaction between the antithyroid drugs and SND, the thyroidectomy-induced hypothyroidism model was further used to systematically assess the therapeutic efficacy of SND on hypothyroidism. A time-dependent recovery tendency was observed in SND-treated group from the beginning of model to the end of treatment, suggesting that SND exerted a recovery effect on hypothyroidism in a time-dependent manner through partially regulating the perturbed metabolic pathways. Conclusions/Significance Our results showed that the metabonomic approach is instrumental to understand the pathophysiology of hypothyroidism and offers a valuable tool for systematically studying the therapeutic effects of SND on hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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34
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Shi X, Xiao C, Wang Y, Tang H. Gallic Acid Intake Induces Alterations to Systems Metabolism in Rats. J Proteome Res 2012; 12:991-1006. [DOI: 10.1021/pr301041k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuo Shi
- Key Laboratory
of Magnetic Resonance
in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance
and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Centre for Biospectroscpoy and Metabonomics,
Wuhan Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic
of China
| | - Chaoni Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, People's
Republic of China
| | - Yulan Wang
- Key Laboratory
of Magnetic Resonance
in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance
and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Centre for Biospectroscpoy and Metabonomics,
Wuhan Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiru Tang
- Key Laboratory
of Magnetic Resonance
in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance
and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Centre for Biospectroscpoy and Metabonomics,
Wuhan Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
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35
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Wang X, Zeng C, Lin J, Chen T, Zhao T, Jia Z, Xie X, Qiu Y, Su M, Jiang T, Zhou M, Zhao A, Jia W. Metabonomics Approach to Assessing the Modulatory Effects of St John’s Wort, Ginsenosides, and Clomipramine in Experimental Depression. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:6223-30. [DOI: 10.1021/pr300891v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Ministry of Education
Key Laboratory
of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine and
School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Chuiyu Zeng
- Shanghai New Asiatic Pharmaceuticals Minhang Co., Ltd, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jingchao Lin
- Ministry of Education
Key Laboratory
of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine and
School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Tianlu Chen
- Ministry of Education
Key Laboratory
of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine and
School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Tie Zhao
- Ministry of Education
Key Laboratory
of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine and
School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhiying Jia
- Ministry of Education
Key Laboratory
of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine and
School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xie Xie
- Ministry of Education
Key Laboratory
of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine and
School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yunping Qiu
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina
Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Mingming Su
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina
Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Tao Jiang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, P.
R. China
| | - Mingmei Zhou
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, P.
R. China
| | - Aihua Zhao
- Ministry of Education
Key Laboratory
of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine and
School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wei Jia
- Ministry of Education
Key Laboratory
of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine and
School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina
Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
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Chronic unpredictable mild stress affects myocardial metabolic profiling of SD rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 70:534-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zheng P, Wang Y, Chen L, Yang D, Meng H, Zhou D, Zhong J, Lei Y, Melgiri ND, Xie P. Identification and validation of urinary metabolite biomarkers for major depressive disorder. Mol Cell Proteomics 2012; 12:207-14. [PMID: 23111923 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m112.021816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a widespread and debilitating mental disorder. However, there are no biomarkers available to aid in the diagnosis of this disorder. In this study, a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabonomic approach was employed to profile urine samples from 82 first-episode drug-naïve depressed subjects and 82 healthy controls (the training set) in order to identify urinary metabolite biomarkers for MDD. Then, 44 unselected depressed subjects and 52 healthy controls (the test set) were used to independently validate the diagnostic generalizability of these biomarkers. A panel of five urinary metabolite biomarkers-malonate, formate, N-methylnicotinamide, m-hydroxyphenylacetate, and alanine-was identified. This panel was capable of distinguishing depressed subjects from healthy controls with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.81 in the training set. Moreover, this panel could classify blinded samples from the test set with an AUC of 0.89. These findings demonstrate that this urinary metabolite biomarker panel can aid in the future development of a urine-based diagnostic test for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China 400016
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Gao XX, Cui J, Zheng XY, Li ZY, Choi YH, Zhou YZ, Tian JS, Xing J, Tan XJ, Du GH, Qin XM. An investigation of the antidepressant action of xiaoyaosan in rats using ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with metabonomics. Phytother Res 2012; 27:1074-85. [PMID: 22975930 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2011] [Revised: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A rapid, highly sensitive, and selective method was applied in a non-invasive way to investigate the antidepressant action of Xiaoyaosan (XYS) using ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and chemometrics. Many significantly altered metabolites were used to explain the mechanism. Venlafaxine HCl and fluoxetine HCl were used as chemical positive control drugs with a relatively clear mechanism of action to evaluate the efficiency and to predict the mechanism of action of XYS. Urine obtained from rats subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was analyzed by UPLC-MS. Distinct changes in the pattern of metabolites in the rat urine after CUMS production and drug intervention were observed using partial least squares-discriminant analysis. The results of behavioral tests and multivariate analysis showed that CUMS was successfully reproduced, and a moderate-dose XYS produced significant therapeutic effects in the rodent model, equivalent to those of the positive control drugs, venlafaxine HCl and fluoxetine HCl. Metabolites with significant changes induced by CUMS were identified, and 17 biomarker candidates for stress and drug intervention were identified. The therapeutic effect of XYS on depression may involve regulation of the dysfunctions of energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and gut microflora changes. Metabonomic methods are valuable tools for measuring efficacy and mechanisms of action in the study of traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xia Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No.92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
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Li Y, Yan GY, Zhou JQ, Bu Q, Deng PC, Yang YZ, Lv L, Deng Y, Zhao JX, Shao X, Zhu RM, Huang YN, Zhao YL, Cen XB. ¹H NMR-based metabonomics in brain nucleus accumbens and striatum following repeated cocaine treatment in rats. Neuroscience 2012; 218:196-205. [PMID: 22609933 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown a few cerebral metabolites modified by cocaine in brain regions; however, endogenous metabolic profiling has been lacking. Ex vivo (1)H NMR (hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy-based metabonomic approach coupled with partial least squares was applied to investigate the changes of cerebral metabolites in nucleus accumbens (NAc) and striatum of rats subjected to cocaine treatment. Our results showed that both single and repeated cocaine treatment can induce significant changes in a couple of cerebral metabolites. The increase of neurotransmitters glutamate and gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) were observed in NAc and striatum from the rats repeatedly treated with cocaine. Creatine and taurine increased in NAc whereas taurine increased and creatine decreased in striatum after repeated cocaine treatment. Elevation of N-acetylaspartate in NAc and striatum and decrease of lactate in striatum were observed, which may reflect the mitochondria dysregulation caused by cocaine; moreover, alterations of choline, phosphocholine and glycerol in NAc and striatum could be related to membrane disruption. Moreover, groups of rats with and without conditioned place preference (CPP) apparatus are presenting difference in metabolites. Collectively, our results provide the first evidence of metabonomic profiling of NAc and striatum in response to cocaine, exhibiting a regionally-specific alteration patterns. We find that repeated cocaine administration leads to significant metabolite alterations, which are involved in neurotransmitter disturbance, oxidative stress, mitochondria dysregulation and membrane disruption in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Liu XJ, Li ZY, Li ZF, Gao XX, Zhou YZ, Sun HF, Zhang LZ, Guo XQ, Du GH, Qin XM. Urinary metabonomic study using a CUMS rat model of depression. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2012; 50:187-192. [PMID: 22367791 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) is a well-validated model of depression. In this study, a urinary metabonomics method based on the NMR spectrometry was used to study the metabolic perturbation in CUMS-induced rat depression model. With pattern recognition analysis, a clear separation of CUMS rats and healthy controls was achieved, and nine endogenous metabolites contributing to the separation were identified. CUMS-treated rats were characterized by the increase of glycine, pyruvate, glutamine, and asparagines, as well as the decrease of 2-oxoglutarate, dimethylglycine, citrate, succinate, and acetate. The urinary biochemical changes related to the metabolic disturbance in CUMS induced depression, and the possible correlations with live qi stagnation in traditional Chinese medicine are discussed. The work shows that CUMS is a reliable model for studying depression, and the noninvasive urinary metabolomic method is a valuable tool to investigate the biochemical pertubations in depression as an early diagnostic means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jie Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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41
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McNiven EMS, German JB, Slupsky CM. Analytical metabolomics: nutritional opportunities for personalized health. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 22:995-1002. [PMID: 21999844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition is the cornerstone of health; survival depends on acquiring essential nutrients, and dietary components can both prevent and promote disease. Metabolomics, the study of all small molecule metabolic products in a system, has been shown to provide a detailed snapshot of the body's processes at any particular point in time, opening up the possibility of monitoring health and disease, prevention and treatment. Metabolomics has the potential to fundamentally change clinical chemistry and, by extension, the fields of nutrition, toxicology and medicine. Technological advances, combined with new knowledge of the human genome and gut microbiome, have made and will continue to make possible earlier, more accurate, less invasive diagnoses, all while enhancing our understanding of the root causes of disease and leading to a generation of dietary recommendations that enable optimal health. This article reviews the recent contributions of metabolomics to the fields of nutrition, toxicology and medicine. It is expected that these fields will eventually blend together through development of new technologies in metabolomics and genomics into a new area of clinical chemistry: personalized medicine.
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Metabonomic Analysis of Urine from Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Rats Using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. Chromatographia 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-2167-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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43
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Liu XJ, Zhou YZ, Li ZF, Cui J, Li ZY, Gao XX, Sun HF, Zhang LZ, Du GH, Qin XM. Anti-depressant effects of Xiaoyaosan on rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress: a plasma metabonomics study based on NMR spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 64:578-88. [PMID: 22420663 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01412.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the antidepressant effects of Xiaoyaosan (XYS) in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) depression model. METHODS The changes in behaviour and plasma metabolic profiles were investigated after four-week CUMS exposure and treatment. Drugs were administered during the four-week period of CUMS, with the healthy group serving as negative controls, and the fluoxetine and venlafaxine groups serving as positive controls. Plasma samples were collected at 28th day, and the plasma metabolic profiling was measured using NMR, followed by multivariate analysis. KEY FINDINGS Exposure to CUMS for four weeks caused depression-like behaviour in rats, as indicated by significant decreases in weight gain, sucrose consumption and locomotor activity. Eleven potential biomarkers, including seven in the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill spectra, five in the diffusion-edited spectra, and one in both were identified. It was found that trimethylamine-N-oxide, alanine, β-hydroxybutyrate, valine, leucine/isoleucine, low-density lipoprotein/very low-density lipoprotein and lipids were lower and phosphatidylcholine, high-density lipoprotein, choline and N-acetyl glycoproteins were higher in CUMS-treated rats, as compared with controls. XYS significantly suppressed behavioural changes and attenuated plasma metabolite changes. CONCLUSIONS XYS produced an obvious antidepressant effect, and the metabonomic approach benefits estimation of the pharmacodynamic action of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jie Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, China
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44
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Chi Y, Xia H, Su M, Song P, Qi X, Cui Y, Cao Y, Chen T, Qiu Y, Zhao A, Ma X, Zheng X, Jia W. Metabonomic Phenotyping Reveals an Embryotoxicity of Deca-Brominated Diphenyl Ether in Mice. Chem Res Toxicol 2011; 24:1976-83. [DOI: 10.1021/tx200300v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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45
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Zheng X, Su M, Pei L, Zhang T, Ma X, Qiu Y, Xia H, Wang F, Zheng X, Gu X, Song X, Li X, Qi X, Chen G, Bao Y, Chen T, Chi Y, Zhao A, Jia W. Metabolic Signature of Pregnant Women with Neural Tube Defects in Offspring. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:4845-54. [DOI: 10.1021/pr200666d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zheng
- WHO Collaborating Center for Reproductive Health and Population Science, Beijing, P. R. China
- Institute of Population, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Su
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- David H Murdock Research Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States
| | - Lijun Pei
- Institute of Population, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xu Ma
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yunping Qiu
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro/The UNCG Center for Research Excellence in Bioactive Food Components, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States
| | - Hongfei Xia
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojiao Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro/The UNCG Center for Research Excellence in Bioactive Food Components, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xue Gu
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xinming Song
- WHO Collaborating Center for Reproductive Health and Population Science, Beijing, P. R. China
- Institute of Population, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xin Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Gong Chen
- WHO Collaborating Center for Reproductive Health and Population Science, Beijing, P. R. China
- Institute of Population, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yihua Bao
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tianlu Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yi Chi
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Aihua Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wei Jia
- Institute of Population, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro/The UNCG Center for Research Excellence in Bioactive Food Components, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States
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Acute hyperglycemia is related to gastrointestinal symptoms in motion sickness: an experimental study. Physiol Behav 2011; 105:394-401. [PMID: 21907224 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Motion sickness is caused by exposure to unfamiliar motions and typical symptoms of motion sickness include nausea and vomiting. To observe the metabolic and hormonal differences between nausea/vomiting (NAV) subjects and non-nausea/vomiting (NNV) ones, and to understand how the differences in metabolites and hormones affect the tolerance of organism to acceleration, 60 volunteers were exposed to repetitive acceleration using a 6-degree-of-freedom ship motion simulator. Meanwhile, 36 rats were randomly divided into three groups: an acceleration model group (n=14, exposed to acceleration), insulin group (n=14, intraperitoneal injection of insulin 30 min before exposure to acceleration), and control group (n=8). Gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) was applied to analyze the serum metabolites in human subjects. Serum glucocorticoid, insulin, and glucagon levels were determined by radioimmunoassay in the NAV and NNV subjects as well as in rats, and serum epinephrine level was determined by ELISA. After acceleration exposure, 9 metabolites, including L-histidine, L-ornithine, L-serine, L-tyrosine, pyroglutamic acid, fumaric acid, urea, n-dodecanoic acid and n-tetradecanoic acid, had different changes in the NAV and NNV groups. The serum levels of 4-hydroxy-L-proline, glucose, oleic acid and urea were significantly higher in the NAV group than in the NNV group after exposure; however, only the elevation degree of serum glucose was significantly greater in the NAV group than in the NNV group (P<0.05). Serum cortisol and epinephrine were increased in both groups. Before exposure, insulin level in the NAV group was significantly lower than that in the NNV group (P<0.05). After rotation exposure, rat serum glucose in the insulin group was significantly lower than that in the acceleration model group (P<0.001), and the motion sickness index was significantly lower than that in the acceleration model group (P<0.05). Our study provides the first evidence that stable glucose level can help to relieve gastrointestinal symptoms in motion sickness, and suggests that acute hyperglycemia is related to gastrointestinal symptoms in motion sickness.
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47
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Gao X, Zheng X, Li Z, Zhou Y, Sun H, Zhang L, Guo X, Du G, Qin X. Metabonomic study on chronic unpredictable mild stress and intervention effects of Xiaoyaosan in rats using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:690-699. [PMID: 21718771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 06/05/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY Xiaoyaosan (XYS), a famous Chinese prescription, composed of Radix Bupleuri (Bupleurum chinense DC.), Radix Angelicae Sinensis (Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels), Radix Paeoniae Alba (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.), Poria (Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf), Radix Glycyrrhizae (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.), Herba Menthae (Mentha haplocalyx Briq.), and Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (Zingiber officinale Rosc.), has been widely used in the clinic for treating mental disorders. Behavior and biochemical analyses indicate XYS has obvious anti-depression activity. However, there is no report on the effects of XYS using a metabolomics approach. AIM OF THE STUDY Depression is a prevalent complex psychiatric disorder and its pathophysiological mechanism is not yet well understood. This paper was designed to study metabonomic characters of the depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and the therapeutic effects of XYS, classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in treating the depression. MATERIAL AND METHODS A plasma metabonomics method based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was developed. Principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized to classify and reveal the differences between the model group and control group. In turns, the concentration of these differences was analyzed with t-test to determine whether XYS was possible to influence the metabolic pattern induced by CUMS. RESULTS The significant difference in metabolic profiling was observed from model group compared with drug-dose group by using the PCA, indicating the recovery effect of XYS on CUMS rats. Some significantly changed metabolites like glycine, glucose and hexadecanoic acid have been identified. These biochemical changes are related to the disturbance in amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism and glycometabolism, which are helpful to further understand the CUMS and the therapeutic mechanism of XYS. CONCLUSIONS Metabonomic approach is helpful to further understanding the pathophysiology of depression and assisting in clinical diagnosis of depression and is also a valuable tool for studying the essence of Chinese medicine's syndrome theory and therapeutic effect mechanism of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
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Aoki M, Konya Y, Takagaki T, Umemura K, Sogame Y, Katsumata T, Komuro S. Metabolomic investigation of cholestasis in a rat model using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:1847-1852. [PMID: 21638360 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics follows the changes in concentrations of endogenous metabolites, which may reflect various disease states as well as systemic responses to environmental, therapeutic, or genetic interventions. In this study, we applied metabolomic approaches to monitor dynamic changes in plasma and urine metabolites, and compared these metabolite profiles in Eisai hyperbilirubinemic rats (EHBR, an animal model of cholestasis) with those in the parent strain of EHBR - Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats - in order to characterize cholestasis pathophysiologically. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry-based analytical methods were used to assay metabolite levels. More than 250 metabolites were detected in both plasma and urine, and metabolite profiles of EHBR differed from those of SD rats. The levels of antioxidative and cytoprotective metabolites, taurine and hypotaurine, were markedly increased in urine of EHBR. The levels of many bile acids were also elevated in plasma and urine of EHBR, but the extent of elevation depended on the particular bile acid. The levels of cytoprotective ursodeoxycholic acid and its conjugates were markedly elevated, while that of cytotoxic chenodeoxycholic acid remained unchanged, suggesting the balance of bile acids had shifted resulting in decreased toxicity. In EHBR, reduced biliary excretion leads to increased systemic exposure to harmful compounds including some endogenous metabolites. Our metabolomic data suggest that mechanisms exist in EHBR that compensate for cholestasis-related damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayo Aoki
- Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma. Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade-naka, Osaka 554-0022, Japan.
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Liu L, Li Q, Sapolsky R, Liao M, Mehta K, Bhargava A, Pasricha PJ. Transient gastric irritation in the neonatal rats leads to changes in hypothalamic CRF expression, depression- and anxiety-like behavior as adults. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19498. [PMID: 21589865 PMCID: PMC3093391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS A disturbance of the brain-gut axis is a prominent feature in functional bowel disorders (such as irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia) and psychological abnormalities are often implicated in their pathogenesis. We hypothesized that psychological morbidity in these conditions may result from gastrointestinal problems, rather than causing them. METHODS Functional dyspepsia was induced by neonatal gastric irritation in male rats. 10-day old male Sprague-Dawley rats received 0.1% iodoacetamide (IA) or vehicle by oral gavage for 6 days. At 8-10 weeks of age, rats were tested with sucrose preference and forced-swimming tests to examine depression-like behavior. Elevated plus maze, open field and light-dark box tests were used to test anxiety-like behaviors. ACTH and corticosterone responses to a minor stressor, saline injection, and hypothalamic CRF expression were also measured. RESULTS Behavioral tests revealed changes of anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in IA-treated, but not control rats. As compared with controls, hypothalamic and amygdaloid CRF immunoreactivity, basal levels of plasma corticosterone and stress-induced ACTH were significantly higher in IA-treated rats. Gastric sensory ablation with resiniferatoxin had no effect on behaviors but treatment with CRF type 1 receptor antagonist, antalarmin, reversed the depression-like behavior in IA-treated rats CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that transient gastric irritation in the neonatal period can induce a long lasting increase in depression- and anxiety-like behaviors, increased expression of CRF in the hypothalamus, and an increased sensitivity of HPA axis to stress. The depression-like behavior may be mediated by the CRF1 receptor. These findings have significant implications for the pathogenesis of psychological co-morbidity in patients with functional bowel disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liansheng Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Robert Sapolsky
- Department of Biology, School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Min Liao
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America
| | - Kshama Mehta
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Aditi Bhargava
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America
| | - Pankaj J. Pasricha
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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50
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Li J, Wijffels G, Yu Y, Nielsen LK, Niemeyer DO, Fisher AD, Ferguson DM, Schirra HJ. Altered Fatty Acid Metabolism in Long Duration Road Transport: An NMR-based Metabonomics Study in Sheep. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:1073-87. [DOI: 10.1021/pr100862t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- CSIRO Livestock Industries, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Gene Wijffels
- CSIRO Livestock Industries, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Yihua Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Lars K. Nielsen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Dominic O. Niemeyer
- CSIRO Livestock Industries, F.M. McMaster Laboratory, Locked Bag 1, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia
| | - Andrew D. Fisher
- CSIRO Livestock Industries, F.M. McMaster Laboratory, Locked Bag 1, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia
| | - Drewe M. Ferguson
- CSIRO Livestock Industries, F.M. McMaster Laboratory, Locked Bag 1, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia
| | - Horst Joachim Schirra
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Building 76, Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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