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Biomedical Applications of Thermosensitive Hydrogels for Controlled/Modulated Piroxicam Delivery. Gels 2023; 9:gels9010070. [PMID: 36661836 PMCID: PMC9858263 DOI: 10.3390/gels9010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study are the synthesis of thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate), p(NiPAm-HPMet), hydrogels and the analysis of a drug-delivery system based on piroxicam, as a model drug, and synthesized hydrogels. A high pressure liquid chromatography method has been used in order to determine both qualitative and quantitative amounts of unreacted monomers and crosslinkers from polymerized hydrogels. Swelling kinetics and the order of a swelling process of the hydrogels have been analyzed at 10 and 40 °C. The copolymers' thermal properties have been monitored by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method. DSC termograms have shown that melting occurs in two temperature intervals (142.36-150.72 °C and 153.14-156.49 °C). A matrix system with incorporated piroxicam has been analyzed by using FTIR and SEM methods. Structural analysis has demonstrated that intermolecular non-covalent interactions have been built between side-groups of copolymer and loaded piroxicam. Morphology of p(NiPAm-HPMet) after drug incorporation indicates the piroxicam presence into the copolymer pores. Kinetic parameters of the piroxicam release from hydrogels at 37 °C and pH 7.4 indicate that the fluid transport mechanism corresponds to Fickian diffusion. As a result, formulation of thermosensitive p(NiPAm-HPMet) hydrogels with incorporated piroxicam could be of interest for further testing as a drug carrier for modulated and prolonged release, especially for topical administration.
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Gulyuk AV, LaJeunesse DR, Collazo R, Ivanisevic A. Tuning Microbial Activity via Programmatic Alteration of Cell/Substrate Interfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004655. [PMID: 34028885 PMCID: PMC10167751 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A wide portfolio of advanced programmable materials and structures has been developed for biological applications in the last two decades. Particularly, due to their unique properties, semiconducting materials have been utilized in areas of biocomputing, implantable electronics, and healthcare. As a new concept of such programmable material design, biointerfaces based on inorganic semiconducting materials as substrates introduce unconventional paths for bioinformatics and biosensing. In particular, understanding how the properties of a substrate can alter microbial biofilm behavior enables researchers to better characterize and thus create programmable biointerfaces with necessary characteristics on demand. Herein, the current status of advanced microorganism-inorganic biointerfaces is summarized along with types of responses that can be observed in such hybrid systems. This work identifies promising inorganic material types along with target microorganisms that will be critical for future research on programmable biointerfacial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Gulyuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Dennis R LaJeunesse
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina-Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, 27401, USA
| | - Ramon Collazo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Albena Ivanisevic
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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Olewnik-Kruszkowska E, Gierszewska M, Grabska-Zielińska S, Skopińska-Wiśniewska J, Jakubowska E. Examining the Impact of Squaric Acid as a Crosslinking Agent on the Properties of Chitosan-Based Films. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3329. [PMID: 33805101 PMCID: PMC8037701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels based on chitosan are very versatile materials which can be used for tissue engineering as well as in controlled drug delivery systems. One of the methods for obtaining a chitosan-based hydrogel is crosslinking by applying different components. The objective of the present study was to obtain a series of new crosslinked chitosan-based films by means of solvent casting method. Squaric acid-3,4-dihydroxy-3-cyclobutene-1,2-dione-was used as a safe crosslinking agent. The effect of the squaric acid on the structural, mechanical, thermal, and swelling properties of the formed films was determined. It was established that the addition of the squaric acid significantly improved Young's modulus, tensile strength, and thermal stability of the obtained materials. Moreover, it should be stressed that the samples consisting of chitosan and squaric acid were characterized by a higher swelling than pure chitosan. The detailed characterization proved that squaric acid could be used as a new effective crosslinking agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Olewnik-Kruszkowska
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Physicochemistry of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (S.G.-Z.); (E.J.)
| | - Magdalena Gierszewska
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Physicochemistry of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (S.G.-Z.); (E.J.)
| | - Sylwia Grabska-Zielińska
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Physicochemistry of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (S.G.-Z.); (E.J.)
| | - Joanna Skopińska-Wiśniewska
- Department of Chemistry of Biomaterials and Cosmetics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Jakubowska
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Physicochemistry of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (S.G.-Z.); (E.J.)
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In vitro and in vivo assessment of Adansonia digitata mucilage as a matrix former in modified release tablets of metoprolol tartrate. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5
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Kostova B, Georgieva D, Dundarova M, Ivanova S, Ivanova-Mileva K, Tzankova V, Christova D. Design and study of the potential of crosslinked cationic polymers as drug delivery systems for dermal application. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bistra Kostova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy; Medical University of Sofia; Sofia 1000 Bulgaria
| | - Dilyana Georgieva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy; Medical University of Sofia; Sofia 1000 Bulgaria
| | - Maria Dundarova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy; Medical University of Sofia; Sofia 1000 Bulgaria
| | - Sijka Ivanova
- Institute of Polymers-Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Sofia 1113 Bulgaria
| | | | - Virginia Tzankova
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Medical University of Sofia; Sofia 1000 Bulgaria
| | - Darinka Christova
- Institute of Polymers-Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Sofia 1113 Bulgaria
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Fan X, Chung JY, Lim YX, Li Z, Loh XJ. Review of Adaptive Programmable Materials and Their Bioapplications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:33351-33370. [PMID: 27960431 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b09110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive programmable materials have attracted increasing attention due to their high functionality, autonomous behavior, encapsulation, and site-specific confinement capabilities in various applications. Compared to conventional materials, adaptive programmable materials possess unique single-material architecture that can maintain, respond, and change their shapes and dimensions when they are subjected to surrounding environment changes, such as alternation in temperature, pH, and ionic strength. In this review, the most-recent advances in the design strategies of adaptive programmable materials are presented with respect to different types of architectural polymers, including stimuli-responsive polymers and shape-memory polymers. The diverse functions of these sophisticated materials and their significance in therapeutic agent delivery systems are also summarized in this review. Finally, the challenges for facile fabrication of these materials and future prospective are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University , Henan 453007, China
| | - Jing Yang Chung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore , 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117576 Singapore
| | - Yong Xiang Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore , 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117576 Singapore
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR , 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, no. 08-03, 138634 Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR , 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, no. 08-03, 138634 Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore , 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117576 Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute , 11 Third Hospital Avenue, 168751 Singapore
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7
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Nishii Y, Gandhi S, Nuxoll E. Glucose-powered pulsatile release. Chem Eng Res Des 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2015.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Boyaci T, Orakdogen N. Tuning the Synthetic Routes of Dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-Based Superabsorbent Copolymer Hydrogels Containing Sulfonate Groups: Elasticity, Dynamic, and Equilibrium Swelling Properties. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Talin Boyaci
- Department of Chemistry; Istanbul Technical University; 34469 Maslak Istanbul Turkey
| | - Nermin Orakdogen
- Department of Chemistry; Istanbul Technical University; 34469 Maslak Istanbul Turkey
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Zheng JY, Tan MJ, Thoniyot P, Loh XJ. Unusual thermogelling behaviour of poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA)-based polymers polymerized in bulk. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12816a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The bulk synthesis of (PDMAEMA)-based polymers and their unusual thermoreversible gelation in aqueous solutions are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Yujie Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
- Singapore
| | - Mein Jin Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)
- Singapore 117602
- Singapore
| | - Praveen Thoniyot
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)
- Singapore 117602
- Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
- Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)
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Marek SR, Peppas NA. Insulin Release Dynamics from Poly(diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) Hydrogel Systems. AIChE J 2013; 59:3578-3585. [PMID: 24634515 DOI: 10.1002/aic.14108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Novel glucose-sensitive systems for the release of insulin from poly(diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDEAEM) micro-particles and nanoparticles decorated with glucose oxidase and catalase enzymes have been developed. The effect of polymer composition and loading conditions on the insulin loading efficiency and release was studied. The optimal conditions for loading insulin into PDEAEM microparticles were found to be at a loading pH of 5.6, particle to insulin mass ratio of 7:1, a concentration of 1.0 mg/mL insulin, and a collapsing pH of approximately 9.5. Microparticles exhibited a responsive (pH) or intelligent (glucose) release of insulin from a stimulus. Microparticles that had a nominal crosslinking ratio of 10% released a third of the insulin payload after a single stimulus, compared to nearly 70% for microparticles with a 3% crosslinking ratio. PDEAEM micro particles of 150 µm diameter showed promise as components of a system of automated, intelligent delivery method for insulin to type I diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve R. Marek
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; The University of Texas at Austin; Austin TX 78712
| | - Nicholas A. Peppas
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; The University of Texas at Austin; Austin TX 78712
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering; The University of Texas at Austin; Austin TX 78712
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12
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Luo Y, Peng H, Wu J, Sun J, Wang Y. Novel amphoteric pH-sensitive hydrogels derived from ethylenediaminetetraacetic dianhydride, butanediamine and amino-terminated poly(ethylene glycol): Design, synthesis and swelling behavior. Eur Polym J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2010.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Balamurali V, Pramodkuma T, Srujana N, Venkatesh M, Gupta NV, Krishna K, Gangadhara H. pH Sensitive Drug Delivery Systems: A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/ajdd.2011.24.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Schulz V, Guenther M, Gerlach G, Magda JJ, Tathireddy P, Rieth L, Solzbacher F. In-vitro investigations of a pH- and ionic-strength-responsive polyelectrolytic hydrogel using a piezoresistive microsensor. SMART STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS. NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION FOR HEALTH MONITORING AND DIAGNOSTICS 2009; 7287:728712 (2009). [PMID: 21152365 PMCID: PMC2997697 DOI: 10.1117/12.816478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Environmental responsive or smart hydrogels show a volume phase transition due to changes of external stimuli such as pH or ionic strength of an ambient solution. Thus, they are able to convert reversibly chemical energy into mechanical energy and therefore they are suitable as sensitive material for integration in biochemical microsensors and MEMS devices. In this work, micro-fabricated silicon pressure sensor chips with integrated piezoresistors were used as transducers for the conversion of mechanical work into an appropriate electrical output signal due to the deflection of a thin silicon bending plate. Within this work two different sensor designs have been studied. The biocompatible poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-tetra-ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) (HPMA-DMA-TEGDMA) was used as an environmental sensitive element in piezoresistive biochemical sensors. This polyelectrolytic hydrogel shows a very sharp volume phase transition at pH values below about 7.4 which is in the range of the physiological pH. The sensor's characteristic response was measured in-vitro for changes in pH of PBS buffer solution at fixed ionic strength. The experimental data was applied to the Hill equation and the sensor sensitivity as a function of pH was calculated out of it. The time-dependent sensor response was measured for small changes in pH, whereas different time constants have been observed. The same sensor principal was used for sensing of ionic strength. The time-dependent electrical sensor signal of both sensors was measured for variations in ionic strength at fixed pH value using PBS buffer solution. Both sensor types showed an asymmetric swelling behavior between the swelling and the deswelling cycle as well as different time constants, which was attributed to the different nature of mechanical hydrogel-confinement inside the sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Schulz
- Solid-State Electronics Laboratory (IFE), Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 10, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Margarita Guenther
- Solid-State Electronics Laboratory (IFE), Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 10, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Gerald Gerlach
- Solid-State Electronics Laboratory (IFE), Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 10, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jules J. Magda
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, 50 South Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Prashant Tathireddy
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, 50 South Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Loren Rieth
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, 50 South Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Florian Solzbacher
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, 50 South Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, 50 South Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, 50 South Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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15
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Farmer TG, Edgar TF, Peppas NA. The future of open- and closed-loop insulin delivery systems. J Pharm Pharmacol 2008; 60:1-13. [PMID: 18088499 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.1.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We have analysed several aspects of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, including the glucose metabolic system, diabetes complications, and previous and ongoing research aimed at controlling glucose in diabetic patients. An expert review of various models and control algorithms developed for the glucose homeostasis system is presented, along with an analysis of research towards the development of a polymeric insulin infusion system. Recommendations for future directions in creating a true closed-loop glucose control system are presented, including the development of multivariable models and control systems to more accurately describe and control the multi-metabolite, multi-hormonal system, as well as in-vivo assessments of implicit closed-loop control systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry G Farmer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station C0400, Austin, TX 78712-0231, USA
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Shome A, Debnath S, Das PK. Head group modulated pH-responsive hydrogel of amino acid-based amphiphiles: entrapment and release of cytochrome c and vitamin B12. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:4280-4288. [PMID: 18324868 DOI: 10.1021/la704024p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes the rational design and synthesis of amino acid-based amphiphilic hydrogelators, which were systemically fine-tuned at the head group to develop pH-responsive hydrogels. To understand the basic structural requirements of a low molecular weight amphiphilic hydrogelator, 10 analogous amphiphiles based on L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine with structurally related head group were synthesized. Among them, three with quaternary ammonium substitution at the head group formed transparent hydrogels at room temperature while others were unable to gelate water. To establish correlations between the head group architecture of the gelators and their supramolecular arrangements, a variety of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques were investigated that showed that a balance between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity is required to achieve hydrogelation. Interestingly, the gelator with tyrosinate in its head group showed remarkable response toward external pH. All hydrogels including the pH-responsive one were used in the controlled and/or pH-triggered release of entrapped (with in hydrogels) vitamin B12 and cytochrome c at different pHs. Since the hydrogels were formed at room temperature without heating, this could be very important during the entrapment of biomolecules such as proteins because of their heat sensitivity. At biological pH (7.4), the release of entrapped biomolecules from all three hydrogels was caused by diffusion through the gel structure, but at endosomal pH (approximately 5.5) and further lower pH, the release rate of biomolecules from the pH-responsive hydrogel with tyrosinate head group (pKa approximately equal to 7.2) increased by 9-10-fold compared to that observed at physiological pH, because of gel dissolution. Retention of the structure and activity of released biomolecule has established the prospect of the hydrogel as an efficient drug delivery vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshupriya Shome
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India
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Yılmaz Z, Akkaş PK, Şen M, Güven O. Removal of nitrite ions from aqueous solutions by poly(N,N-dimethylamino ethylmethacrylate) hydrogels. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.25206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Şen M, Sarı M. Radiation synthesis and characterization of poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-N-vinyl 2-pyrrolidone) hydrogels. Eur Polym J 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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19
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Bromberg L, Temchenko M, Alakhov V, Hatton TA. Kinetics of swelling of polyether-modified poly(acrylic acid) microgels with permanent and degradable cross-links. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:1590-1598. [PMID: 15697312 DOI: 10.1021/la047893j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Spherical particles of 50-100 mum size composed of poly(acrylic acid) networks covalently bonded to Pluronic polyether copolymers were tested for swelling in aqueous media. The microgels were cross-linked either by permanent ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) cross-links alone or by EDGMA together with reversible disulfide or biodegradable azoaromatic cross-links. Optimum conditions for a rapid, diffusion-limited swelling of the pH- and temperature-sensitive microgels with nondegradable cross-links were found. The microgels cross-linked by disulfide groups and equilibrium-swollen in the buffer solution exhibited degradation-limited kinetics of swelling under physiological conditions, with a first-order reaction constant, k(1), linearly proportional to the concentration of reducing agents such as dithiotreitol and tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP). A severalfold faster swelling in the presence of more powerful reducing agent, TCEP, was observed, indicating the chemical specificity of the microgel swelling. The reoxidation of the thiol groups into disulfide cross-links by sodium hypochlorite led to the restoration of the microgels' diameter measured prior to the reduction-reoxidation cycle, which confirms the shape memory of the microgels. Enzymatically degradable azoaromatic cross-links enabled slow microgel swelling due to degradation of the cross-links by azoreductases from the rat intestinal cecum. The low rate of swelling of the Pluronic-containing microgels can enable sustained drug release in colon-specific drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev Bromberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Traitel T, Kost J. pH-Responsive Hydrogels: Swelling Model. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2004; 553:29-43. [PMID: 15503445 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-306-48584-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Traitel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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21
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Peppas N. Is there a future in glucose-sensitive, responsive insulin delivery systems? J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(04)50045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Díez-Peña E, Quijada-Garrido I, Barrales-Rienda JM. Analysis of the Swelling Dynamics of Cross-Linked P(N-iPAAm-co-MAA) Copolymers and Their Homopolymers under Acidic Medium. A Kinetics Interpretation of the Overshooting Effect. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma021469c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Díez-Peña
- Departamento de Química-Física de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, C.S.I.C. Juan de la Cierva, 3. E−28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - I. Quijada-Garrido
- Departamento de Química-Física de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, C.S.I.C. Juan de la Cierva, 3. E−28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. M. Barrales-Rienda
- Departamento de Química-Física de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, C.S.I.C. Juan de la Cierva, 3. E−28006 Madrid, Spain
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Soppimath KS, Aminabhavi TM, Dave AM, Kumbar SG, Rudzinski WE. Stimulus-responsive "smart" hydrogels as novel drug delivery systems. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2002; 28:957-74. [PMID: 12378965 DOI: 10.1081/ddc-120006428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Recently, there has been a great deal of research activity in the development of stimulus-responsive polymeric hydrogels. These hydrogels are responsive to external or internal stimuli and the response can be observed through abrupt changes in the physical nature of the network. This property can be favorable in many drug delivery applications. The external stimuli can be temperature, pH, ionic strength, ultrasonic sound, electric current, etc. A majority of the literature related to the development of stimulus-responsive drug delivery systems deals with temperature-sensitive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (pNIPAAm) and its various derivatives. However, acrylic-based pH-sensitive systems with weakly acidic/basic functional groups have also been widely studied. Quite recently, glucose-sensitive hydrogels that are responsive to glucose concentration have been developed to monitor the release of insulin. The present article provides a brief introduction and recent developments in the area of stimulus-responsive hydrogels, particularly those that respond to temperature and pH, and their applications in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Soppimath
- Center of Excellence in Polymer Science, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, India
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Abstract
Hydrogels are one of the upcoming classes of polymer-based controlled-release drug delivery systems. Besides exhibiting swelling-controlled drug release, hydrogels also show stimuli-responsive changes in their structural network and hence, the drug release. Because of large variations in physiological pH at various body sites in normal as well as pathological conditions, pH-responsive polymeric networks have been extensively studied. This review highlights the use of hydrogels (a class of polymeric systems) in controlled drug delivery, and their application in stimuli-responsive, especially pH-responsive, drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Gupta
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical, Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
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Tuncel A, Cicek H. A LOW-TEMPERATURE PRODUCTION METHOD FOR CATIONIC HYDROGELS. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 1999. [DOI: 10.1081/ma-100101515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Falamarzian M, Varshosaz J. The effect of structural changes on swelling kinetics of polybasic/hydrophobic pH-sensitive hydrogels. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 1998; 24:667-9. [PMID: 9876512 DOI: 10.3109/03639049809082369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The effect of pendent side-chain length and crosslinking agent concentration in methyl methacrylate/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate as a polybasic/hydrophobic pH-sensitive hydrogel was studied. Increasing both side-chain length and crosslinking agent concentration decreased the sharpness of response to pH and water-uptake capacity of the polymer. A case-II water transport mechanism and a nonlinear swelling kinetic was observed for the homologues of this hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Falamarzian
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Schwartz M, Guterman H, Kost J. Electrical properties of glucose-sensitive hydrogels: swelling and conductivity relationships. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 1998; 41:65-70. [PMID: 9641625 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199807)41:1<65::aid-jbm8>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The electrical characteristics of a glucose-sensitive polymeric hydrogel have been studied. The hydrogel matrices were prepared by radical polymerization of solutions containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, N,N-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol, water, and glucose oxidase. The hydrogels displayed faster and higher swelling rates for lower levels of a crosslinking agent. Electrical conductivity was found to be a sensitive measurement of the state of the swelling. A simple model that relates hydrogel swelling and conductivity has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schwartz
- Program for Biotechnology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Bettini R, Colombo P, Peppas NA. Solubility effects on drug transport through pH-sensitive, swelling-controlled release systems: Transport of theophylline and metoclopramide monohydrochloride. J Control Release 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-3659(95)00069-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Cornejo-Bravo JM, Arias-Sanchez V, Alvarez-Anguiano A, Siegel RA. Kinetics of drug release from hydrophobic polybasic gels: effect of buffer acidity. J Control Release 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-3659(94)00086-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Firestone BA, Siegel RA. pH, salt, and buffer dependent swelling in ionizable copolymer gels: tests of the ideal Donnan equilibrium theory. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 1994; 5:433-50. [PMID: 8038138 DOI: 10.1163/156856294x00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We present results of equilibrium swelling studies of the ionizable copolymer gel, methyl methacrylate/N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate 70/30 mol%, in buffered and unbuffered electrolyte solutions. The experimental conditions were designed to demonstrate the sensitivity of swelling in ionized gels to the electrolyte composition of the external solution. In general, gel swelling as a function of solution ionic strength is shown to be highly nonmonotonic and is particularly sensitive to the valence and concentrations of ions present in solution. A rigorous test of ideal Donnan equilibrium theory shows that the latter is unable to explain all the data in a self-consistent manner. However, a heuristic procedure based on the ideal Donnan theory can predict qualitatively the observed trends. While not quantitative, this heuristic approach provides considerable insight into the mechanisms underlying the swelling behavior under various solution conditions. Possible causes of nonideal behavior are discussed, and some observed specific ion effects are reported and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Firestone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0446
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Peppas NA, Khare AR. Preparation, structure and diffusional behavior of hydrogels in controlled release. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0169-409x(93)90025-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 462] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hydrophobic weak polyelectrolyte gels: Studies of swelling equilibria and kinetics. RESPONSIVE GELS: VOLUME TRANSITIONS I 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-56791-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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