1
|
Separations of romantic relationships are experienced differently by initiators and noninitiators. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2020901119. [PMID: 35648824 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2020901119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SignificanceIn economic and sociological theory of divorce, the link between divorce consequences and the decision to divorce is central: A couple divorces if at least one spouse expects to improve their life by initiating divorce. The present study provides empirical evidence in support of this theoretical link: Separation initiators become better off in terms of subjective well-being after a separation, whereas noninitiators become worse off, before they eventually experience a full recovery. Because separations are predominantly initiated by only one partner, this finding suggests that one partner typically benefits from the separation (the initiator), while the other is disadvantaged (the noninitiator). Accordingly, analyses of average divorce trajectories convey only limited information about the causal effects of divorce on individuals' well-being.
Collapse
|
2
|
Inanspruchnahme von Unterstützungsangeboten in Familien mit einem psychisch belasteten Elternteil. PSYCHOTHERAPEUT 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00278-021-00554-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Kinder psychisch erkrankter Eltern sind vielfach mit familialen Belastungen konfrontiert und haben ein erhöhtes Risiko, selbst an einer psychischen Störung zu erkranken. Präventionsangebote auf Eltern- und Kindebene haben entsprechend hohe Relevanz. Wenig Beachtung in der Forschung fand bislang die Frage, inwieweit therapeutische und beratende Unterstützungsangebote für psychisch belastete Eltern auch der gesundheitlichen Versorgung ihrer Kinder zugutekommen.
Fragestellung
Die vorliegende Studie untersucht eltern- und kindbezogene Prädiktoren der Inanspruchnahme von therapeutischen und familienbezogenen Unterstützungsangeboten bei Eltern mit selbstberichteter psychischer Belastung. Zusammenhänge zur Inanspruchnahme von Kinder- und Jugendtherapie, auch in Abhängigkeit von der kindlichen psychischen Gesundheit, werden geprüft.
Material und Methode
Ausgehend von 844 Eltern mit 1146 Kindern im Alter von 7 bis 16 Jahren, die in den Wellen 11 und 12 des pairfam-Panels befragt wurden, umfasst die Stichprobe der Hauptanalysen 161 Kinder, deren Elternteil über Depressionssymptome oder eine psychische Erkrankung berichtete. Angaben zur Inanspruchnahme von Therapie und weiteren Angeboten stammen von dem Elternteil, Angaben zur psychischen Gesundheit der Kinder von diesen selbst.
Ergebnisse
Etwa ein Drittel der Eltern mit selbstberichteter psychischer Belastung nimmt eine Therapie in Anspruch. Hierbei werden häufiger auch weitere Angebote für Familien und Kinder genutzt. Selbstberichtete Verhaltensauffälligkeiten der Kinder haben jedoch keinen weiteren Effekt auf ihre Versorgungslage.
Schlussfolgerung
Die Befunde sprechen für eine unzureichende Versorgungslage von auffälligen Kindern psychisch belasteter Eltern, auch dann, wenn die Eltern selbst in Behandlung sind.
Collapse
|
3
|
Patterns of Romantic Relationship Experiences and Psychosocial Adjustment From Adolescence to Young Adulthood. J Youth Adolesc 2020; 50:550-562. [PMID: 33196893 PMCID: PMC7910227 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-020-01350-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Engaging in a romantic relationship is a key developmental task of adolescence and adolescents differ greatly in both the age at which they start dating and in how romantically active they are. These differences in romantic relationship experiences could be relevant for adolescents’ short- and long-term psychosocial adjustment. The present study describes the diversity of relationship experiences during adolescence and examines their connection to psychosocial adjustment in adolescence and young adulthood. N = 2457 adolescents (49.3% female) from a German representative longitudinal study provided information on their relationship experiences between the ages 10 and 20, as well as on their psychosocial adjustment. Data were collected via annual assessments starting in 2008 at age M = 16.50 years (SD = 0.88) through young adulthood (M = 25.46, SD = 0.87). Latent profile analysis identified three romantic involvement groups: late starters, moderate daters, and frequent changers, which were further compared to adolescents without any romantic experiences (continuous singles). Growth curve analyses indicated that continuous singles reported lower life satisfaction and higher loneliness than the moderate daters in adolescence and young adulthood. The continuous singles were also less satisfied with their life in young adulthood and felt more lonely in both adolescence and young adulthood compared to the late starters. The findings of the study suggest great variability in adolescents’ romantic relationship experiences and point toward the developmental significance of these experiences for short- and long-term well-being.
Collapse
|
4
|
Wiggert N, Wilhelm FH, Boger S, Georgii C, Klimesch W, Blechert J. Social Pavlovian conditioning: Short- and long-term effects and the role of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2016; 12:329-339. [PMID: 27614767 PMCID: PMC5390734 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsw128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Today's stressors largely arise from social interactions rather than from physical threat. However, the dominant laboratory model of emotional learning relies on physical stimuli (e.g. electric shock) whereas adequate models of social conditioning are missing, possibly due to more subtle and multilayered biobehavioral responses to such stimuli. To fill this gap, we acquired a broad set of measures during conditioning to negative social unconditioned stimuli, also taking into account long-term maintenance of conditioning and inter-individual differences. Fifty-nine healthy participants underwent a classical conditioning task with videos of actors expressing disapproving (US-neg) or neutral (US-neu) statements. Static images of the corresponding actors with a neutral facial expression served as CS+ and CS-, predicting US-neg and US-neu, respectively. Autonomic and facial-muscular measures confirmed differential unconditioned responding whereas experiential CS ratings, event-related potentials, and evoked theta oscillations confirmed differential conditioned responding. Conditioning was maintained at 1 month and 1 year follow-ups on experiential ratings, especially in individuals with elevated anxiety and depressive symptoms, documenting the efficiency of social conditioning and its clinical relevance. This novel, ecologically improved conditioning paradigm uncovered a remarkably efficient multi-layered social learning mechanism that may represent a risk factor for anxiety and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Wiggert
- Division of Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy and Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria,Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Frank H. Wilhelm
- Division of Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy and Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sabrina Boger
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudio Georgii
- Division of Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy and Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria,Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Klimesch
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jens Blechert
- Division of Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy and Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria,Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Böckelmann I, Seibt R. Methoden zur Indikation vorwiegend psychischer Berufsbelastung und Beanspruchung — Möglichkeiten für die betriebliche Praxis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03373839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
6
|
Mund M, Neyer FJ. Rising High or Falling Deep? Pathways of Self–Esteem in a Representative German Sample. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/per.2063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In many longitudinal studies, self–esteem has been shown to increase up until around age 50 or 60 and to decrease thereafter. These studies have also found substantial inter–individual differences in the intra–individual development of self–esteem. In the current study, we examined whether this variation in change could be attributed to underlying latent classes of individuals following different trajectories of self–esteem development over time. By applying general growth mixture modelling to data from the representative German pairfam study (N = 12 377), four latent classes of self–esteem development across five years were extracted. Based on their mean levels, trajectories, and variability, individuals in the latent classes could be described as having (a) constant and stable high self–esteem (29.00% of the sample), (b) constant but variable moderate self–esteem (31.69%), (c) increasing and stabilizing self–esteem (15.13%), and (d) decreasing and variable self–esteem (24.18%). Furthermore, these latent classes differed in accordance with findings of prior research on self–rated, partner–rated, and objective correlates of the domains of health and well–being, partner relationships, and occupational status. Thus, the current study shows that inter–individual variation in intra–individual change in self–esteem is not random but reflects specific individual trajectories, or pathways, of self–esteem. Copyright © 2016 European Association of Personality Psychology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Mund
- Institut für Psychologie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany
| | - Franz J. Neyer
- Institut für Psychologie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Barke A, Nyenhuis N, Kröner-Herwig B. The German Version of the Generalized Pathological Internet Use Scale 2: A Validation Study. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2014; 17:474-82. [DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2013.0706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Barke
- Institute for Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Göttingen University, Göttingen, Germany
- Philips University of Marburg, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nele Nyenhuis
- Institute for Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Göttingen University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Kröner-Herwig
- Institute for Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Göttingen University, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Is the blunted blood pressure reactivity in dysphoric individuals related to attenuated behavioral approach? Int J Psychophysiol 2013; 90:58-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
9
|
Abstract
The present study tested a possible explanation for the positive relationship between the motivation to engage in cognitive endeavors (need for cognition, NFC) and indicators of affective adjustment (e.g., higher self-esteem, lower depression) that has been demonstrated in previous studies. We suggest that dispositional self-control capacity mediates this relationship, since NFC has been found to be related to self-control capacity, and self-control capacity is crucial for adjustment. NFC, dispositional self-control capacity, self-esteem, habitual depressive mood, and tendency to respond in a socially desirable manner were measured among 150 university students via self-report. Regression analyses and Sobel tests revealed that self-control capacity was a potential mediator of the positive relationship between NFC and affective adjustment. The findings were robust in terms of social desirability.
Collapse
|
10
|
Schwerdtfeger AR, Scheel SM. Self-esteem fluctuations and cardiac vagal control in everyday life. Int J Psychophysiol 2011; 83:328-35. [PMID: 22154973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
It has been proposed that self-esteem buffers threat-responding. The same effect is ascribed to the vagus nerve, which is a primary nerve of the parasympathetic nervous system. Consequently, it has been suggested that self-esteem and cardiac vagal tone are interconnected on a trait, as well as on a state, level. In this study, we examined the relationship of vagal cardiac control and self-esteem fluctuations across a single day using ecological momentary assessment. Eighty-four participants were recruited, and self-esteem, negative affect, and vagal tone were recorded throughout a 22-hour period. Men provided higher self-esteem ratings than women, but the negative relationship between self-esteem and negative affect was stronger in women. Moreover, controlling for potential confounds (e.g., age, BMI, depressive symptoms, smoking status, regular physical activity), we observed that for men, self-esteem was significantly positively associated with cardiac vagal tone, whereas for women it was not. These findings suggest that the relationship between self-esteem and vagal innervation of the heart during daily life is sex-specific and might involve different central-autonomic pathways for men and women, respectively.
Collapse
|
11
|
Weigl M, Hornung S, Petru R, Glaser J, Angerer P. Depressive symptoms in junior doctors: a follow-up study on work-related determinants. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2011; 85:559-70. [PMID: 21956449 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-011-0706-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study investigates the long-term effects of accumulated working conditions on depressive symptoms in junior doctors. Drawing on the Job Demand-Control-Support model, this study aims to identify personal and job-related determinants for self-reported depression in junior doctors-a professional group that is vulnerable to depression. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study with measures of work characteristics and depressive symptoms over three time-points among hospital doctors during postgraduate specialty training in Germany. Participants were 415 junior doctors with full-time contract (47.5% women; mean age, 30.5 years). The outcome was depressive symptoms assessed with the Spielberger State-Depression Scale. Odds ratios (OR) were computed to analyse the cumulative effect of initial depressive symptoms scores, demographic variables, and working characteristics across T1 and T2 on subsequent depressive symptoms at T3. RESULTS The percentage of junior doctors reporting depressive symptoms scores above a critical value varied between 12.0% at T1, 10.4% at T2, and 13.3% at T3; N = 34 doctors (8.19%) were classified as incident cases during the observation period. Elevated depressive symptoms at T3 were positively predicted by depressive symptoms scores across T1 and T2 (OR: 1.37; 95% confidence interval: 1.25-1.50) and negatively by professional tenure (0.54; 0.31-0.96), free weekends (0.52; 0.28-0.97), and job autonomy (0.35; 0.18-0.65). CONCLUSIONS After controlling for demographic and working time influences, findings suggest that junior doctors' perceived job autonomy is negatively associated with future depressive symptoms. Enhancing job control emerges as a promising strategy to lower the risk of depression during first years of professional practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Weigl
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Schwerdtfeger AR, Schlagert H. The Conjoined Effect of Naturalistic Perceived Available Support and Enacted Support on Cardiovascular Reactivity During a Laboratory Stressor. Ann Behav Med 2011; 42:64-78. [DOI: 10.1007/s12160-011-9272-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
|
13
|
Nestler S, Back MD, Egloff B. Psychometrische Eigenschaften zweier Skalen zur Erfassung interindividueller Unterschiede in der Präferenz zum Alleinsein. DIAGNOSTICA 2011. [DOI: 10.1026/0012-1924/a000032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Personen unterscheiden sich in der Neigung, Situationen aufzusuchen, in denen sie alleine sind und diese zu genießen. Zur Erfassung dieser interindividuellen Unterschiede in der Präferenz zum Alleinsein stellen wir eine deutsche Version der Preference for Solitude Skala ( Burger, 1995 ; PfS-dt) und ein von uns entwickeltes Inventar zur Messung der Präferenz zum Alleinsein (IPA) vor. Für beide Instrumente wurden die psychometrischen Eigenschaften in einer großen Stichprobe (N = 1122) untersucht. Es zeigte sich, dass die PfS-dt und das IPA intern konsistent und faktoriell valide sind sowie eine gute Retestreliabilität aufweisen (N = 80). Zusätzlich dazu ließen sich für beide Inventare konvergente und diskriminante Zusammenhänge zu anderen Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen nachweisen. Beide Inventare waren außerdem in der Lage, über die Big Five hinaus selbstberichtetes Verhalten zu prädizieren.
Collapse
|
14
|
Evaluative priming from subliminal emotional words: insights from event-related potentials and individual differences related to anxiety. Conscious Cogn 2009; 18:383-400. [PMID: 19328727 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2009.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2008] [Revised: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 02/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present ERP study investigated effects of subliminal emotional words on preference judgments about subsequent visual target stimuli (paintings, portraits). Each target was preceded by a masked 17-ms emotional adjective. Four classes of prime words were distinguished according to the combinations of positive/negative valence and high/low arousal. Targets were liked significantly more after positive-arousing primes (e.g., happy), relative to negative-arousing (brutal), positive-nonarousing (mild), and negative-nonarousing primes (lazy). In the target ERP, amplitude of right-hemisphere positive slow wave was increased after positive-arousing compared to negative-arousing primes. Evaluative priming effects on judgments and ERPs were more pronounced in high state-anxious participants. The results suggest that (1) there is indeed affective/semantic processing of unconscious words, (2) evaluative priming operates relatively late during target processing, (3) to be effective, prime words need to score high on the arousal dimension, and (4) individual differences in state anxiety modulate the susceptibility to subliminal evaluative priming.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Selbstkontrolle ist definiert als die Überwindung oder Modifikation von Reaktionstendenzen. Die dispositionelle Selbstkontroll-Kapazität hängt positiv gerichtet mit einer Vielzahl von Maßen adaptiven Verhaltens zusammen. Zur ökonomischen Messung dispositioneller Selbstkontroll-Kapazität wurde in der vorliegenden Arbeit die vornehmlich eingesetzte Kurzform der Self-Control Scale von Tangney, Baumeister und Boone (2004) ins Deutsche adaptiert. Dazu wurde die übersetzte Gesamtskala bestehend aus 36 Items Studierenden (N = 316, Studie 1) und Schülern (N = 335, Studie 2) vorgelegt. Die in der Gesamtskala enthaltene Kurzskala aus 13 Items erwies sich in beiden Studien als eindimensional, reliabel und valide bezüglich erwarteter Zusammenhänge mit Kriteriumsvariablen. Der Vergleich zwischen Kurz- und Gesamtskala zeigte, dass die Kosten der ökonomischeren Messung hinsichtlich Reliabilität und Validität gering sind.
Collapse
|
16
|
Lehr D, Hillert A, Schmitz E, Sosnowsky N. Screening depressiver Störungen mittels Allgemeiner Depressions-Skala (ADS-K) und State-Trait Depressions Scales (STDS-T). DIAGNOSTICA 2008. [DOI: 10.1026/0012-1924.54.2.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Cut-Off-Werte dienen in Screening-Tests einer ökonomischen Identifikation von Erkrankungen bzw. Fällen. In zwei Fall-Kontroll-Studien wurden jeweils Patienten mit depressiven Störungen und klinisch unauffällige Kontrollgruppen untersucht. Zum Screening depressiver Störungen wurde in der ersten Studie (N = 296) die Allgemeine Depressions-Skala in ihrer Kurzversion (ADS-K), in der zweiten (N = 154) die State-Trait Depression Scales in ihrer Traitvariante (STDS-T) eingesetzt. Der Anwendungsbereich der Instrumente wurde zunächst in Rasch-Analysen mittels Item-Person-Map untersucht. Hiernach eignen sich beide Instrumente für Populationen mit leicht überdurchschnittlicher bis hin zu klinisch relevanter Depressivität. Receiver-Operating-Characteristics (ROC)-Kurven zeigten hohe diskriminatorische Fähigkeiten für ADS-K und STDS-T an. Unterschiedliche Cut-Off-Werte wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Sensitivität, Spezifität sowie ihres Youden-Indexes evaluiert. Nach dem Youden-Index lag der optimale Cut-Off-Wert für die Diagnostik einer depressiven Störung bei ADS-K ≥ 18, für die STDS-T bei ≥ 25 Punkten. Die Analyse liefert eine rationale Grundlage für kategoriale diagnostische Entscheidungen.
Collapse
|
17
|
Lehr D, Schmitz E, Hillert A. Bewältigungsmuster und psychische Gesundheit. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ARBEITS-UND ORGANISATIONSPSYCHOLOGIE 2008. [DOI: 10.1026/0932-4089.52.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Ziel der Studie war es, die gesundheitliche Relevanz von Mustern der habituellen Stressbewältigung zu untersuchen. Dies geschah auf der Grundlage des Flexibilitätskonzepts, welches die Balance, Breite und Ausgewogenheit des individuellen Bewältigungsrepertoires in den Fokus der Betrachtung stellt. In einer Querschnittsstudie wurde die habituelle Stressbewältigung durch fünf Kurzskalen des Stressverarbeitungsfragebogens (SVF) und eine neu entwickelte Skala zum Aufsuchen positiver Erlebensinhalte erfasst. Weitere sechs Parameter dienten der Beurteilung des Gesundheitsstatus. Die Stichprobe umfasste 145 Lehrkräfte, eine Berufsgruppe mit relativ homogenen Belastungen und hoher Beanspruchung. Es wurden hierarchische (Ward) und iterativ partionierende (k-means) Clusteranalysen sowie ANOVAs durchgeführt. Drei reproduzierbare Cluster konnten identifiziert werden: flexibel-kompensierendes, inkonsistent-kompensierendes und ruminativ-selbstisolierendes Bewältigungsmuster. Die Bewältigungsmuster unterschieden sich in klinisch bedeutsamem Ausmaß hinsichtlich ihres Risikos eine psychische Störung aufzuweisen sowie in den Bereichen Depressivität, Burnout, Arbeitszufriedenheit, Wohlbefinden und subjektive Erwerbstätigkeitsprognose. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, in Forschungsarbeiten zur betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung verstärkt differenzielle Muster der Stressbewältigung zu fokussieren.
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Anhand der im letzten Jahrgang publizierten Arbeiten werden einige Trends in der Psychologischen Diagnostik identifiziert. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass die Mehrzahl der veröffentlichten Arbeiten aus den Anwendungsgebieten der Psychologie kommt, wobei Arbeiten aus der klinisch-psychologischen Diagnostik dominieren und Artikel aus der Organisationspsychologie gänzlich fehlen. Die mangelnde Verknüpfung zwischen psychometrischer Grundlagenforschung und Praxis der Testkonstruktion wird thematisiert und deren Überwindung als ein Ziel für die zukünftige Profilierung der Diagnostica formuliert.
Collapse
|
19
|
Krohne HW, Schmukle SC, Spaderna H, Spielberger CD. The State-Trait Depression Scales: An International Comparison. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2002. [DOI: 10.1080/10615800290028422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|