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Light and Water Conditions Co-Regulated Stomata and Leaf Relative Uptake Rate (LRU) during Photosynthesis and COS Assimilation: A Meta-Analysis. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14052840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
As a trace gas involved in hydration during plant photosynthesis, carbonyl sulfide (COS) and its leaf relative uptake rate (LRU) is used to reduce the uncertainties in simulations of gross primary productivity (GPP). In this study, 101 independent observations were collected from 22 studies. We extracted the LRU, stomatal conductance (gs), canopy COS and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes, and relevant environmental conditions (i.e., light, temperature, and humidity), as well as the atmospheric COS and CO2 concentrations (Ca,COS and Ca,CO2). Although no evidence was found showing that gs regulates LRU, they responded in opposite ways to diurnal variations of environmental conditions in both mixed forests (LRU: Hedges’d = −0.901, LnRR = −0.189; gs: Hedges’d = 0.785, LnRR = 0.739) and croplands dominated by C3 plants (Hedges’d = −0.491, LnRR = −0.371; gs: Hedges’d = 1.066, LnRR = 0.322). In this process, the stomata play an important role in COS assimilation (R2 = 0.340, p = 0.020) and further influence the interrelationship of COS and CO2 fluxes (R2 = 0.650, p = 0.000). Slight increases in light intensity (R2 = 1, p = 0.002) and atmospheric drought (R2 = 0.885, p = 0.005) also decreased the LRU. The LRU saturation points of Ca,COS and Ca,CO2 were observed when ΔCa,COS ≈ 13 ppt (R2 = 0.580, p = 0.050) or ΔCa,CO2 ≈ −18 ppm (R2 = 0.970, p = 0.003). This study concluded that during plant photosynthesis and COS assimilation, light and water conditions co-regulated the stomata and LRU.
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Abstract
The atmosphere is composed of nitrogen, oxygen and argon, a variety of trace gases, and particles or aerosols from a variety of sources. Reactive, trace gases have short mean residence time in the atmosphere and large spatial and temporal variations in concentration. Many trace gases are removed by reaction with hydroxyl radical and deposition in rainfall or dryfall at the Earth's surface. The upper atmosphere, the stratosphere, contains ozone that screens ultraviolet light from the Earth's surface. Chlorofluorocarbons released by humans lead to the loss of stratospheric ozone, which might eventually render the Earth's land surface uninhabitable. Changes in the composition of the atmosphere, especially rising concentrations of CO2, CH4, and N2O, will lead to climatic changes over much of the Earth's surface.
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Jing W, Wang L, Li D, Bao X, Shi Y. Carbonyl sulfide (COS) and carbon disulfide (CS 2) exchange fluxes between cotton fields and the atmosphere in the arid area in Xinjiang, China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2019; 41:2195-2207. [PMID: 30877628 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to the important roles of carbonyl sulfide (COS) and carbon disulfide (CS2) in atmospheric chemistry, this study was designed to determine different proportions of COS and CS2 fluxes contributed from different sources, i.e., vegetation, soil and roots, at monthly and hourly timescales in the arid area in Xinjiang, China. Results indicated that the seasonal net uptake of COS by vegetation was predominant in the growing season. The CS2 fluxes from vegetation and soils had no significant seasonal variations compared with COS. The exchange rates of COS and CS2 have been found to be stimulated by the addition of nutrients in the form of urea fertilizer. Compared with the results of plots that were treated only with nitrogen, the treatments with both nitrogen and sulfur displayed no significant difference in the exchange fluxes. The results of compartment experiments indicated that the aboveground plants had the highest uptake of COS and had a vital role in the uptake of COS during the main growth period. The shares of COS emissions from the soil and roots increased to 6-17% and 55-58%, respectively, in the total COS fluxes when conditions, such as drought and senescence, were unfavorable for the developmental of vegetation. Observations of the preliminary diurnal fluxes indicated that the fluxes that occurred at night, with contributions from soils and plants, accounted for 27% of the total daily uptake of COS uptake. These quantitative results may be reasonably accounted for the use of COS as a promising tracer to obtain independent constraints on terrestrial carbon exchange at regional to global scales for their response to special environmental conditions in semiarid area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwen Jing
- Applied Chemistry Laboratory, College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, 830052, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liling Wang
- Applied Chemistry Laboratory, College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, 830052, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Deqiang Li
- Applied Chemistry Laboratory, College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, 830052, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Bao
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, 830052, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingshuang Shi
- Applied Chemistry Laboratory, College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, 830052, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
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Nitrogen Fertilization Reduces the Capacity of Soils to Take up Atmospheric Carbonyl Sulphide. SOIL SYSTEMS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems2040062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soils are an important carbonyl sulphide (COS) sink. However, they can also act as sources of COS to the atmosphere. Here we demonstrate that variability in the soil COS sink and source strength is strongly linked to the available soil inorganic nitrogen (N) content across a diverse range of biomes in Europe. We revealed in controlled laboratory experiments that a one-off addition of ammonium nitrate systematically decreased the COS uptake rate whilst simultaneously increasing the COS production rate of soils from boreal and temperate sites in Europe. Furthermore, we found strong links between variations in the two gross COS fluxes, microbial biomass, and nitrate and ammonium contents, providing new insights into the mechanisms involved. Our findings provide evidence for how the soil–atmosphere exchange of COS is likely to vary spatially and temporally, a necessary step for constraining the role of soils and land use in the COS mass budget.
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Sources and sinks of carbonyl sulfide in an agricultural field in the Southern Great Plains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:9064-9. [PMID: 24927594 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1319132111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Net photosynthesis is the largest single flux in the global carbon cycle, but controls over its variability are poorly understood because there is no direct way of measuring it at the ecosystem scale. We report observations of ecosystem carbonyl sulfide (COS) and CO2 fluxes that resolve key gaps in an emerging framework for using concurrent COS and CO2 measurements to quantify terrestrial gross primary productivity. At a wheat field in Oklahoma we found that in the peak growing season the flux-weighted leaf relative uptake of COS and CO2 during photosynthesis was 1.3, at the lower end of values from laboratory studies, and varied systematically with light. Due to nocturnal stomatal conductance, COS uptake by vegetation continued at night, contributing a large fraction (29%) of daily net ecosystem COS fluxes. In comparison, the contribution of soil fluxes was small (1-6%) during the peak growing season. Upland soils are usually considered sinks of COS. In contrast, the well-aerated soil at the site switched from COS uptake to emissions at a soil temperature of around 15 °C. We observed COS production from the roots of wheat and other species and COS uptake by root-free soil up to a soil temperature of around 25 °C. Our dataset demonstrates that vegetation uptake is the dominant ecosystem COS flux in the peak growing season, providing support of COS as an independent tracer of terrestrial photosynthesis. However, the observation that ecosystems may become a COS source at high temperature needs to be considered in global modeling studies.
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Blonquist JM, Montzka SA, Munger JW, Yakir D, Desai AR, Dragoni D, Griffis TJ, Monson RK, Scott RL, Bowling DR. The potential of carbonyl sulfide as a proxy for gross primary production at flux tower sites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jg001723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Liu Y, Ma J, Liu C, He H. Heterogeneous uptake of carbonyl sulfide onto kaolinite within a temperature range of 220-330 K. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongchun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Jinzhu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
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Kato H, Saito M, Nagahata Y, Katayama Y. Degradation of ambient carbonyl sulfide by Mycobacterium spp. in soil. Microbiology (Reading) 2008; 154:249-255. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.2007/011213-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Kato
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resource Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Masahiko Saito
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resource Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Nagahata
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resource Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yoko Katayama
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resource Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Yi Z, Wang X, Sheng G, Zhang D, Zhou G, Fu J. Soil uptake of carbonyl sulfide in subtropical forests with different successional stages in south China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd008048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Geng C. Carbonyl sulfide and dimethyl sulfide exchange between lawn and the atmosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kettle AJ. Global budget of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide: Temporal and spatial variations of the dominant sources and sinks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rinsland CP. Ground-based infrared spectroscopic measurements of carbonyl sulfide: Free tropospheric trends from a 24-year time series of solar absorption measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kuhn U, Kesselmeier J. Environmental variables controlling the uptake of carbonyl sulfide by lichens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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