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Song J, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yuan Q, Zhao Y, Wang X, Zou S, Xu W, Lai S. A case study on the characterization of non-methane hydrocarbons over the South China Sea: Implication of land-sea air exchange. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 717:134754. [PMID: 31837869 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present the characteristics of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) over the northern South China Sea (SCS) during a cruise campaign from September to October 2013. The mixing ratios of the total NMHCs ranged from 1.45 to 7.13 ppbv with an average of 3.54 ± 1.81 ppbv. Among the measured NMHCs, alkanes and aromatics were the major groups, accounting for 45.8 ± 8.7% and 28.7 ± 12.3% of the total NMHCs, respectively. Correlations of NMHCs with typical source tracers suggest that light alkanes and benzene were largely contributed by vehicular exhaust via long-range transport, while the other aromatics might be related to industrial sources and marine ship emissions. The spatial variations of NMHCs were observed with higher mixing ratios of NMHCs in the samples collected in the offshore areas than those in the coastal areas. Air mass back-trajectory analysis and diagnostic ratios of NMHCs show that the elevations of the total NMHCs were caused by the regional pollution transport from the southeast coast of China and/or southern China. The ozone formation potentials (OFPs) of NMHCs were calculated and the results show that the aromatics associated with marine ship emissions were the important contributors to the total OFP. This study provides useful information on the interaction between continental outflow and marine atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Song
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingyi Zhang
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yanli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Yuan
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Environmental Monitoring Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shichun Zou
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Senchao Lai
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Yuan D, He Z, Yang GP. Spatiotemporal distributions of halocarbons in the marine boundary air and surface seawater of the Changjiang estuary and its adjacent East China Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 140:227-240. [PMID: 30803638 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Spatiotemporal distributions of volatile halogenated organic compounds (VHOCs) were investigated in the marine boundary air and surface seawater of the Changjiang (Yangtze River) estuary and its adjacent East China Sea in two cruises from March 11, 2015 to March 21, 2015 and from July 9, 2015 to July 20, 2015. Results revealed that the concentrations of released chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) such as CFC-12, CFC-11, and CFC-114 in China decreased, suggesting that limitations set by the Chinese government on CFCs production and consumption have taken effect. Atmospheric concentrations of CFCs were affected by local industrial sources of emission and transport of terrestrial pollutants from coastal areas to varying degrees. Seasonal variations in atmospheric VHOCs were probably due to seasonal differences in prevalent monsoon and biogenic production. In the study periods, the investigated area was an essential source of atmospheric CH3Br and CH3I but was a net sink of CFC-12, CFC-11, and CH3Cl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education / Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Technology, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, No 7 Miaoling Road, 266061 Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education / Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education / Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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Zhou Y, Mao H, Russo RS, Blake DR, Wingenter OW, Haase KB, Ambrose J, Varner RK, Talbot R, Sive BC. Bromoform and dibromomethane measurements in the seacoast region of New Hampshire, 2002–2004. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Xiao Y, Jacob DJ, Turquety S. Atmospheric acetylene and its relationship with CO as an indicator of air mass age. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd008268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Fuelberg HE, Porter MJ, Kiley CM, Halland JJ, Morse D. Meteorological conditions and anomalies during the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment–North America. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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6
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Yoshida Y, Wang Y, Shim C, Cunnold D, Blake DR, Dutton GS. Inverse modeling of the global methyl chloride sources. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yokouchi Y, Hasebe F, Fujiwara M, Takashima H, Shiotani M, Nishi N, Kanaya Y, Hashimoto S, Fraser P, Toom-Sauntry D, Mukai H, Nojiri Y. Correlations and emission ratios among bromoform, dibromochloromethane, and dibromomethane in the atmosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Oshima N, Koike M, Nakamura H, Kondo Y, Takegawa N, Miyazaki Y, Blake DR, Shirai T, Kita K, Kawakami S, Ogawa T. Asian chemical outflow to the Pacific in late spring observed during the PEACE-B aircraft mission. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Oshima
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Koike
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - H. Nakamura
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Kondo
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - N. Takegawa
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Miyazaki
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - D. R. Blake
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; Irvine California USA
| | - T. Shirai
- Earth Observation Research and Application Center; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Kita
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science; Ibaraki University; Ibaraki Japan
| | - S. Kawakami
- Earth Observation Research and Application Center; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Ogawa
- Earth Observation Research and Application Center; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; Tokyo Japan
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Wang Y. On tracer correlations in the troposphere: The case of ethane and propane. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yoshida Y. A three-dimensional global model study of atmospheric methyl chloride budget and distributions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Li Q, Jacob DJ, Yantosca RM, Heald CL, Singh HB, Koike M, Zhao Y, Sachse GW, Streets DG. A global three-dimensional model analysis of the atmospheric budgets of HCN and CH3CN: Constraints from aircraft and ground measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinbin Li
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Daniel J. Jacob
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Robert M. Yantosca
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Colette L. Heald
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | | | - Makoto Koike
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yongjing Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering; University of California; Davis California USA
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Jacob DJ. Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) aircraft mission: Design, execution, and first results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 462] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Miyazaki Y. Synoptic-scale transport of reactive nitrogen over the western Pacific in spring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Blake NJ. NMHCs and halocarbons in Asian continental outflow during the Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) Field Campaign: Comparison With PEM-West B. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Koike M. Export of anthropogenic reactive nitrogen and sulfur compounds from the East Asia region in spring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Blake NJ. Latitudinal, vertical, and seasonal variations of C1-C4alkyl nitrates in the troposphere over the Pacific Ocean during PEM-Tropics A and B: Oceanic and continental sources. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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DiNunno B. Central/eastern North Pacific photochemical precursor distributions for fall/spring seasons as defined by airborne field studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Bartlett KB. Large-scale distribution of CH4in the western North Pacific: Sources and transport from the Asian continent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Simpson IJ. Photochemical production and evolution of selected C2–C5alkyl nitrates in tropospheric air influenced by Asian outflow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Martin BD, Fuelberg HE, Blake NJ, Crawford JH, Logan JA, Blake DR, Sachse GW. Long-range transport of Asian outflow to the equatorial Pacific. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Dibb JE, Talbot RW, Seid G, Jordan C, Scheuer E, Atlas E, Blake NJ, Blake DR. Airborne sampling of aerosol particles: Comparison between surface sampling at Christmas Island and P-3 sampling during PEM-Tropics B. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Liu H, Jacob DJ, Chan LY, Oltmans SJ, Bey I, Yantosca RM, Harris JM, Duncan BN, Martin RV. Sources of tropospheric ozone along the Asian Pacific Rim: An analysis of ozonesonde observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd002005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Liu
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Daniel J. Jacob
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Lo Yin Chan
- Department of Civil and Structural Engineering; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong People's Republic of China
| | - Samuel J. Oltmans
- Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Isabelle Bey
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Robert M. Yantosca
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Joyce M. Harris
- Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Bryan N. Duncan
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Randall V. Martin
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
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Johnston NAC, Colman JJ, Blake DR, Prather MJ, Rowland FS. On the variability of tropospheric gases: Sampling, loss patterns, and lifetime. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy A. C. Johnston
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Irvine; Irvine California USA
| | | | - Donald R. Blake
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Irvine; Irvine California USA
| | - Michael J. Prather
- Department of Earth Systems Science; University of California,Irvine; Irvine California USA
| | - F. Sherwood Rowland
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Irvine; Irvine California USA
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Jacob DJ, Field BD, Jin EM, Bey I, Li Q, Logan JA, Yantosca RM, Singh HB. Atmospheric budget of acetone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Jacob
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Brendan D. Field
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Emily M. Jin
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Isabelle Bey
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Qinbin Li
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Jennifer A. Logan
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Robert M. Yantosca
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
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Raper JL, Kleb MM, Jacob DJ, Davis DD, Newell RE, Fuelberg HE, Bendura RJ, Hoell JM, McNeal RJ. Pacific Exploratory Mission in the Tropical Pacific: PEM-Tropics B, March-April 1999. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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27
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Avery MA, Westberg DJ, Fuelberg HE, Newell RE, Anderson BE, Vay SA, Sachse GW, Blake DR. Chemical transport across the ITCZ in the central Pacific during an El Niño-Southern Oscillation cold phase event in March-April 1999. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Fuelberg HE, Newell RE, Westberg DJ, Maloney JC, Hannan JR, Martin BD, Avery MA, Zhu Y. A meteorological overview of the second Pacific Exploratory Mission in the Tropics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Staudt AC, Jacob DJ, Logan JA, Bachiochi D, Krishnamurti TN, Sachse GW. Continental sources, transoceanic transport, and interhemispheric exchange of carbon monoxide over the Pacific. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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30
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Wang Y, Liu SC, Wine PH, Davis DD, Sandholm ST, Atlas EL, Avery MA, Blake DR, Blake NJ, Brune WH, Heikes BG, Sachse GW, Shetter RE, Singh HB, Talbot RW, Tan D. Factors controlling tropospheric O3, OH, NOxand SO2over the tropical Pacific during PEM-Tropics B. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Heikes B, Snow J, Egli P, O'Sullivan D, Crawford J, Olson J, Chen G, Davis D, Blake N, Blake D. Formaldehyde over the central Pacific during PEM-Tropics B. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Browell EV, Fenn MA, Butler CF, Grant WB, Ismail S, Ferrare RA, Kooi SA, Brackett VG, Clayton MB, Avery MA, Barrick JDW, Fuelberg HE, Maloney JC, Newell RE, Zhu Y, Mahoney MJ, Anderson BE, Blake DR, Brune WH, Heikes BG, Sachse GW, Singh HB, Talbot RW. Large-scale air mass characteristics observed over the remote tropical Pacific Ocean during March-April 1999: Results from PEM-Tropics B field experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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