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Chen J, Wu H, Liu AW, Hu SM, Zhang J. Field Measurement of NO2 and RNO2 by Two-Channel Thermal Dissociation Cavity Ring Down Spectrometer. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/30/cjcp1705084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Chemistry and Air Pollution Research Center, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, America
| | - Hao Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - An-wen Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shui-ming Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Chemistry and Air Pollution Research Center, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, America
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2
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Brune WH, Baier BC, Thomas J, Ren X, Cohen RC, Pusede SE, Browne EC, Goldstein AH, Gentner DR, Keutsch FN, Thornton JA, Harrold S, Lopez-Hilfiker FD, Wennberg PO. Ozone production chemistry in the presence of urban plumes. Faraday Discuss 2016; 189:169-89. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00204d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ozone pollution affects human health, especially in urban areas on hot sunny days. Its basic photochemistry has been known for decades and yet it is still not possible to correctly predict the high ozone levels that are the greatest threat. The CalNex_SJV study in Bakersfield CA in May/June 2010 provided an opportunity to examine ozone photochemistry in an urban area surrounded by agriculture. The measurement suite included hydroxyl (OH), hydroperoxyl (HO2), and OH reactivity, which are compared with the output of a photochemical box model. While the agreement is generally within combined uncertainties, measured HO2 far exceeds modeled HO2 in NOx-rich plumes. OH production and loss do not balance as they should in the morning, and the ozone production calculated with measured HO2 is a decade greater than that calculated with modeled HO2 when NO levels are high. Calculated ozone production using measured HO2 is twice that using modeled HO2, but this difference in calculated ozone production has minimal impact on the assessment of NOx-sensitivity or VOC-sensitivity for midday ozone production. Evidence from this study indicates that this important discrepancy is not due to the HO2 measurement or to the sampling of transported plumes but instead to either emissions of unknown organic species that accompany the NO emissions or unknown photochemistry involving nitrogen oxides and hydrogen oxides, possibly the hypothesized reaction OH + NO + O2 → HO2 + NO2.
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3
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Perring AE, Pusede SE, Cohen RC. An Observational Perspective on the Atmospheric Impacts of Alkyl and Multifunctional Nitrates on Ozone and Secondary Organic Aerosol. Chem Rev 2013; 113:5848-70. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300520x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. E. Perring
- Department
of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
94720, United States
| | - S. E. Pusede
- Department
of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
94720, United States
| | - R. C. Cohen
- Department
of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
94720, United States
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4
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Bucsela EJ, Pickering KE, Huntemann TL, Cohen RC, Perring A, Gleason JF, Blakeslee RJ, Albrecht RI, Holzworth R, Cipriani JP, Vargas-Navarro D, Mora-Segura I, Pacheco-Hernández A, Laporte-Molina S. Lightning-generated NOxseen by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument during NASA's Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling Experiment (TC4). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd013118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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5
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Rollins AW, Smith JD, Wilson KR, Cohen RC. Real time in situ detection of organic nitrates in atmospheric aerosols. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2010; 44:5540-5. [PMID: 20575535 DOI: 10.1021/es100926x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A novel instrument is described that quantifies total particle-phase organic nitrates in real time with a detection limit of 0.11 microg m(-3) min(-1), 45 ppt min(-1) (-ONO(2)). Aerosol nitrates are separated from gas-phase nitrates with a short residence time activated carbon denuder. Detection of organic molecules containing -ONO(2) subunits is accomplished using thermal dissociation coupled to laser induced fluorescence detection of NO(2). This instrument is capable of high time resolution (seconds) measurements of particle-phase organic nitrates, without interference from inorganic nitrate. Here we use it to quantify organic nitrates in secondary organic aerosol generated from high-NO(x) photooxidation of limonene, alpha-pinene, Delta-3-carene, and tridecane. In these experiments the organic nitrate moiety is observed to be 6-15% of the total SOA mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Rollins
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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6
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Kebabian PL, Wood EC, Herndon SC, Freedman A. A practical alternative to chemiluminescence-based detection of nitrogen dioxide: cavity attenuated phase shift spectroscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2008; 42:6040-5. [PMID: 18767663 DOI: 10.1021/es703204j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We present results obtained from a greatly improved version of a previously reported nitrogen dioxide monitor (Anal Chem. 2005, 77, 724-728) that utilizes cavity attenuated phase shift spectroscopy (CAPS). The sensor, which detects the optical absorption of nitrogen dioxide within a 20 nm bandpass centered at 440 nm, comprises a blue light emitting diode, an enclosed stainless steel measurement cell (26 cm length) incorporating a resonant optical cavity of near-confocal design and a vacuum photodiode detector. An analog heterodyne detection scheme is used to measure the phase shift in the waveform of the modulated light transmitted through the cell induced by the presence of nitrogen dioxide within the cell. The sensor, which operates at atmospheric pressure, fits into a 19 in.-rack-mounted instrumentation box, weighs 10 kg, and utilizes 70 W of electrical power with pump included. The sensor response to nitrogen dioxide (calculated as the cotangent of the phase shift) is demonstrated to be linear (r2 > 0.9999) within +/- 1 ppb over a range of 0-320 ppb (by volume). The device exhibits a detection limit (3sigma precision) of less than 60 parts per trillion (0.060 ppb) with 10 s integration, a value derived from measurements at NO2 concentration levels of both 0 and 20 ppb; the detection limit improves as the integration time is increased to several hundred seconds. The observed baseline drift is less than +/- 0.5 ppb overthe course of a month. An intercomparison of measurements of ambient NO2 concentrations over several days using this sensor with a quantum cascade laser-based infrared absorption spectrometer and a standard chemiluminescence-based NOx analyzer is presented. The data from the CAPS sensor are highly correlated (r2 > 0.99) with the other two instruments. The absolute agreement between the CAPS and each of the two other instruments is within the expected statistical noise associated with the infrared laser-based absorption spectrometer (+/- 0.3 ppb with 10 s sampling) and chemiluminescence analyzer (+/- 0.4 ppb with 60 s averaging). The major limitation concerning accuracy is a direct spectral interference with phototchemically produced 1,2-dicarbonyl species (e.g., glyoxal, methylglyoxal). However, this interference can be readily removed by shifting the detection band to a slightly longer wavelength and ensuring that the lower edge of the detection band is greater than 455 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Kebabian
- Center for Sensor Systems and Technology, Aerodyne Research, Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821-3976, USA
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7
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Bucsela EJ, Perring AE, Cohen RC, Boersma KF, Celarier EA, Gleason JF, Wenig MO, Bertram TH, Wooldridge PJ, Dirksen R, Veefkind JP. Comparison of tropospheric NO2from in situ aircraft measurements with near-real-time and standard product data from OMI. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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Steinbacher M, Zellweger C, Schwarzenbach B, Bugmann S, Buchmann B, Ordóñez C, Prevot ASH, Hueglin C. Nitrogen oxide measurements at rural sites in Switzerland: Bias of conventional measurement techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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9
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Stark H, Brown SS, Goldan PD, Aldener M, Kuster WC, Jakoubek R, Fehsenfeld FC, Meagher J, Bates TS, Ravishankara AR. Influence of nitrate radical on the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide in a polluted marine environment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Stark
- Chemical Sciences Division; Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - S. S. Brown
- Chemical Sciences Division; Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - P. D. Goldan
- Chemical Sciences Division; Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - M. Aldener
- Chemical Sciences Division; Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - W. C. Kuster
- Chemical Sciences Division; Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - R. Jakoubek
- Chemical Sciences Division; Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. C. Fehsenfeld
- Chemical Sciences Division; Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. Meagher
- Chemical Sciences Division; Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - T. S. Bates
- Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory; NOAA; Seattle Washington USA
| | - A. R. Ravishankara
- Chemical Sciences Division; Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
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10
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Aldener M, Brown SS, Stark H, Williams EJ, Lerner BM, Kuster WC, Goldan PD, Quinn PK, Bates TS, Fehsenfeld FC, Ravishankara AR. Reactivity and loss mechanisms of NO3
and N2
O5
in a polluted marine environment: Results from in situ measurements during New England Air Quality Study 2002. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Aldener
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Steven S. Brown
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Harald Stark
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Eric J. Williams
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Brian M. Lerner
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - William C. Kuster
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Paul D. Goldan
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | | | | | - A. R. Ravishankara
- Chemical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
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11
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Osthoff HD, Brown SS, Ryerson TB, Fortin TJ, Lerner BM, Williams EJ, Pettersson A, Baynard T, Dubé WP, Ciciora SJ, Ravishankara AR. Measurement of atmospheric NO2by pulsed cavity ring-down spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Oppenheimer C, Tsanev VI, Allen AG, McGonigle AJS, Cardoso AA, Wiatr A, Paterlini W, Dias CDM. NO2 emissions from agricultural burning in São Paulo, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2004; 38:4557-4561. [PMID: 15461163 DOI: 10.1021/es0496219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report here on the application of a compact ultraviolet spectrometer to measurement of NO2 emissions from sugar cane field burns in São Paulo, Brazil. The time-resolved NO2 emission from a 10 ha plot peaked at about 240 g (NO2) s(-1), and amounted to a total yield of approximately 50 kg of N, or about 0.5 g (N) m(-2). Emission of N as NOx (i.e., NO + NO2) was estimated at 2.5 g (N) m(-2), equivalent to 30% of applied fertilizer nitrogen. The corresponding annual emission of NOx nitrogen from São Paulo State sugar cane burning was >45 Gg N. In contrast to mechanized harvesting, which does not require prior burning of the crop, manual harvesting with burning acts to recycle nitrogen into surface soils and ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clive Oppenheimer
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, UK.
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13
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Warneke C. Comparison of daytime and nighttime oxidation of biogenic and anthropogenic VOCs along the New England coast in summer during New England Air Quality Study 2002. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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