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Zhai S, Jacob DJ, Franco B, Clarisse L, Coheur P, Shah V, Bates KH, Lin H, Dang R, Sulprizio MP, Huey LG, Moore FL, Jaffe DA, Liao H. Transpacific Transport of Asian Peroxyacetyl Nitrate (PAN) Observed from Satellite: Implications for Ozone. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:9760-9769. [PMID: 38775357 PMCID: PMC11155249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is produced in the atmosphere by photochemical oxidation of non-methane volatile organic compounds in the presence of nitrogen oxides (NOx), and it can be transported over long distances at cold temperatures before decomposing thermally to release NOx in the remote troposphere. It is both a tracer and a precursor for transpacific ozone pollution transported from East Asia to North America. Here, we directly demonstrate this transport with PAN satellite observations from the infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer (IASI). We reprocess the IASI PAN retrievals by replacing the constant prior vertical profile with vertical shape factors from the GEOS-Chem model that capture the contrasting shapes observed from aircraft over South Korea (KORUS-AQ) and the North Pacific (ATom). The reprocessed IASI PAN observations show maximum transpacific transport of East Asian pollution in spring, with events over the Northeast Pacific offshore from the Western US associated in GEOS-Chem with elevated ozone in the lower free troposphere. However, these events increase surface ozone in the US by less than 1 ppbv because the East Asian pollution mainly remains offshore as it circulates the Pacific High.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixian Zhai
- Earth
and Environmental Sciences Programme and Graduation Division of Earth
and Atmospheric Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin , Hong Kong SAR, China
- John
A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Daniel J. Jacob
- John
A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Bruno Franco
- Université
libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemistry and Atmospheric
Remote Sensing, Brussels B-1050, Belgium
| | - Lieven Clarisse
- Université
libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemistry and Atmospheric
Remote Sensing, Brussels B-1050, Belgium
| | - Pierre Coheur
- Université
libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemistry and Atmospheric
Remote Sensing, Brussels B-1050, Belgium
| | - Viral Shah
- John
A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Kelvin H. Bates
- John
A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- NOAA
Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Earth System Research Laboratories,
& Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
| | - Haipeng Lin
- John
A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Ruijun Dang
- John
A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Melissa P. Sulprizio
- John
A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - L. Gregory Huey
- School
of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Fred L. Moore
- NOAA Global
Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
- Cooperative
Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado
Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Daniel A. Jaffe
- School
of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, University of Washington, Bothell, Washington 98011, United States
- Department
of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Hong Liao
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution
Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment
and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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2
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Wang Y, Liu T, Gong D, Wang H, Guo H, Liao M, Deng S, Cai H, Wang B. Anthropogenic Pollutants Induce Changes in Peroxyacetyl Nitrate Formation Intensity and Pathways in a Mountainous Background Atmosphere in Southern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:6253-6262. [PMID: 37017935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Mountainous background areas are typically considered to have a clean atmosphere where peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) can be decomposed. This study demonstrated that PAN was photochemically formed with a simulated production rate of 0.28 ± 0.06 ppbv h-1 in the Nanling mountains (1690 m a.s.l.) of South China and that net PAN formation was dependent on both volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and NOx precursors (transition regime). In contrast to dominated acetaldehyde oxidation in previous urban and rural research, PAN at Nanling was primarily formed by methylglyoxal (38%), acetaldehyde (28%), radicals (20%), and other oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) (13%). Moreover, when polluted air masses invaded the Nanling mountains, the PAN production rate was altered, primarily because anthropogenic aromatics intensified PAN formation via the oxidized pathways of methylglyoxal, other OVOCs, and radicals. Finally, net PAN formation at Nanling reduced the hydroxyl radical level by consuming NOx, impaired local radical cycling, and thereby suppressed local O3 production. This suppressing effect was exacerbated on polluted days. The findings of this study deepen our understanding of PAN photochemistry and the impact of anthropogenic intrusions on the background atmosphere of mountainous regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Australia-China Centre for Air Quality Science and Management (Guangdong), Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Atmospheric Environment and Carbon Neutrality in Nanling Forests, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
- Research Institute for Land and Space, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Australia-China Centre for Air Quality Science and Management (Guangdong), Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Daocheng Gong
- Australia-China Centre for Air Quality Science and Management (Guangdong), Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Atmospheric Environment and Carbon Neutrality in Nanling Forests, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Australia-China Centre for Air Quality Science and Management (Guangdong), Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Atmospheric Environment and Carbon Neutrality in Nanling Forests, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Hai Guo
- Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
- Research Institute for Land and Space, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Minping Liao
- Australia-China Centre for Air Quality Science and Management (Guangdong), Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Shuo Deng
- Australia-China Centre for Air Quality Science and Management (Guangdong), Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Atmospheric Environment and Carbon Neutrality in Nanling Forests, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Huang Cai
- Australia-China Centre for Air Quality Science and Management (Guangdong), Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Boguang Wang
- Australia-China Centre for Air Quality Science and Management (Guangdong), Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Atmospheric Environment and Carbon Neutrality in Nanling Forests, Guangzhou 511443, China
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3
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Large contribution of biomass burning emissions to ozone throughout the global remote troposphere. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2109628118. [PMID: 34930838 PMCID: PMC8719870 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2109628118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozone is the third most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide and methane but has a larger uncertainty in its radiative forcing, in part because of uncertainty in the source characteristics of ozone precursors, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic carbon that directly affect ozone formation chemistry. Tropospheric ozone also negatively affects human and ecosystem health. Biomass burning (BB) and urban emissions are significant but uncertain sources of ozone precursors. Here, we report global-scale, in situ airborne measurements of ozone and precursor source tracers from the NASA Atmospheric Tomography mission. Measurements from the remote troposphere showed that tropospheric ozone is regularly enhanced above background in polluted air masses in all regions of the globe. Ozone enhancements in air with high BB and urban emission tracers (2.1 to 23.8 ppbv [parts per billion by volume]) were generally similar to those in BB-influenced air (2.2 to 21.0 ppbv) but larger than those in urban-influenced air (-7.7 to 6.9 ppbv). Ozone attributed to BB was 2 to 10 times higher than that from urban sources in the Southern Hemisphere and the tropical Atlantic and roughly equal to that from urban sources in the Northern Hemisphere and the tropical Pacific. Three independent global chemical transport models systematically underpredict the observed influence of BB on tropospheric ozone. Potential reasons include uncertainties in modeled BB injection heights and emission inventories, export efficiency of BB emissions to the free troposphere, and chemical mechanisms of ozone production in smoke. Accurately accounting for intermittent but large and widespread BB emissions is required to understand the global tropospheric ozone burden.
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4
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Haskins JD, Lopez-Hilfiker FD, Lee BH, Shah V, Wolfe GM, DiGangi J, Fibiger D, McDuffie EE, Veres P, Schroder JC, Campuzano-Jost P, Day DA, Jimenez JL, Weinheimer A, Sparks T, Cohen RC, Campos T, Sullivan A, Guo H, Weber R, Dibb J, Greene J, Fiddler M, Bililign S, Jaeglé L, Brown SS, Thornton JA. Anthropogenic control over wintertime oxidation of atmospheric pollutants. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 46:14826-14835. [PMID: 33012881 PMCID: PMC7526063 DOI: 10.1029/2019gl085498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
During winter in the mid-latitudes, photochemical oxidation is significantly slower than in summer and the main radical oxidants driving formation of secondary pollutants, such as fine particulate matter and ozone, remain uncertain, owing to a lack of observations in this season. Using airborne observations, we quantify the contribution of various oxidants on a regional basis during winter, enabling improved chemical descriptions of wintertime air pollution transformations. We show that 25-60% of NOx is converted to N2O5 via multiphase reactions between gas-phase nitrogen oxide reservoirs and aerosol particles, with ~93% reacting in the marine boundary layer to form >2.5 ppbv ClNO2. This results in >70% of the oxidizing capacity of polluted air during winter being controlled, not by typical photochemical reactions, but from these multiphase reactions and emissions of volatile organic compounds, such as HCHO, highlighting the control local anthropogenic emissions have on the oxidizing capacity of the polluted wintertime atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. D. Haskins
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | | | - B. H. Lee
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - V. Shah
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - G. M. Wolfe
- Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD USA
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
| | - J. DiGangi
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA USA
| | - D. Fibiger
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO USA
| | - E. E. McDuffie
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO USA
| | - P. Veres
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J. C. Schroder
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - P. Campuzano-Jost
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - D. A. Day
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - J. L. Jimenez
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - A. Weinheimer
- Earth Observing Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO USA
| | - T. Sparks
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley CA USA
| | - R. C. Cohen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley CA USA
| | - T. Campos
- Earth Observing Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO USA
| | - A. Sullivan
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO USA
| | - H. Guo
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - R. Weber
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - J. Dibb
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH USA
| | - J. Greene
- Department of Physics, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC USA
| | - M. Fiddler
- Department of Physics, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC USA
| | - S. Bililign
- Department of Physics, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC USA
| | - L. Jaeglé
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - S. S. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO USA
| | - J. A. Thornton
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
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5
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Jaeglé L, Wood R, Wargan K. Multi-year composite view of ozone enhancements and stratosphere-to-troposphere transport in dry intrusions of northern hemisphere extratropical cyclones. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2017; 122:13436-13457. [PMID: 29479506 PMCID: PMC5823518 DOI: 10.1002/2017jd027656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We examine the role of extratropical cyclones in stratosphere-to-troposphere (STT) exchange with cyclone-centric composites of O3 retrievals from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES), contrasting them to composites obtained with the Modern-Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA and MERRA-2) reanalyses and the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model. We identify 15,978 extratropical cyclones in the northern hemisphere (NH) for 2005-2012. The lowermost stratosphere (261 hPa) and middle troposphere (424 hPa) composites feature a 1,000 km-wide O3 enhancement in the dry intrusion (DI) airstream to the southwest of the cyclone center, coinciding with a lowered tropopause, enhanced potential vorticity, and decreased H2O. MLS composites at 261 hPa show that the DI O3 enhancements reach a 210 ppbv maximum in April. At 424 hPa, TES composites display maximum O3 enhancements of 27 ppbv in May. The magnitude and seasonality of these enhancements are captured by MERRA and MERRA-2, but GEOS-Chem is a factor of two too low. The MERRA-2 composites show that the O3-rich DI forms a vertically aligned structure between 300 and 800 hPa, wrapping cyclonically with the warm conveyor belt. In winter and spring DIs, O3 is enhanced by 100 ppbv or 100-130% at 300 hPa, with significant enhancements below 500 hPa (6-20 ppbv or 15-30%). We estimate that extratropical cyclones result in a STT flux of 119±56 Tg O3 yr-1, accounting for 42±20 % of the NH extratropical O3 STT flux. The STT flux in cyclones displays a strong dependence on westerly 300 hPa wind speeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyatt Jaeglé
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Robert Wood
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Krzysztof Wargan
- Science Systems and Applications Inc., Lanham, Maryland, USA
- Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
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6
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Schroeder JR, Crawford JH, Fried A, Walega J, Weinheimer A, Wisthaler A, Müller M, Mikoviny T, Chen G, Shook M, Blake DR, Diskin G, Estes M, Thompson AM, Lefer BL, Long R, Mattson E. Formaldehyde column density measurements as a suitable pathway to estimate near-surface ozone tendencies from space. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2016; 121:13088-13112. [PMID: 32812915 PMCID: PMC7430524 DOI: 10.1002/2016jd025419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In support of future satellite missions that aim to address the current shortcomings in measuring air quality from space, NASA's Deriving Information on Surface Conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ) field campaign was designed to enable exploration of relationships between column measurements of trace species relevant to air quality at high spatial and temporal resolution. In the DISCOVER-AQ data set, a modest correlation (r 2 = 0.45) between ozone (O3) and formaldehyde (CH2O) column densities was observed. Further analysis revealed regional variability in the O3-CH2O relationship, with Maryland having a strong relationship when data were viewed temporally and Houston having a strong relationship when data were viewed spatially. These differences in regional behavior are attributed to differences in volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. In Maryland, biogenic VOCs were responsible for ~28% of CH2O formation within the boundary layer column, causing CH2O to, in general, increase monotonically throughout the day. In Houston, persistent anthropogenic emissions dominated the local hydrocarbon environment, and no discernable diurnal trend in CH2O was observed. Box model simulations suggested that ambient CH2O mixing ratios have a weak diurnal trend (±20% throughout the day) due to photochemical effects, and that larger diurnal trends are associated with changes in hydrocarbon precursors. Finally, mathematical relationships were developed from first principles and were able to replicate the different behaviors seen in Maryland and Houston. While studies would be necessary to validate these results and determine the regional applicability of the O3-CH2O relationship, the results presented here provide compelling insight into the ability of future satellite missions to aid in monitoring near-surface air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Schroeder
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA
- NASA Postdoctoral Program, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Alan Fried
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - James Walega
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Armin Wisthaler
- Institute of Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Markus Müller
- Institute of Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tomas Mikoviny
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gao Chen
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael Shook
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA
| | - Donald R Blake
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Glenn Diskin
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA
| | - Mark Estes
- Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Anne M Thompson
- Department of Meteorology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
| | - Barry L Lefer
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Now at NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Russell Long
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eric Mattson
- Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, Colorado, USA
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7
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Pusede SE, Steiner AL, Cohen RC. Temperature and recent trends in the chemistry of continental surface ozone. Chem Rev 2015; 115:3898-918. [PMID: 25950502 DOI: 10.1021/cr5006815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Allison L Steiner
- §Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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8
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Fischer EV, Jacob DJ, Yantosca RM, Sulprizio MP, Millet DB, Mao J, Paulot F, Singh HB, Roiger A, Ries L, Talbot R, Dzepina K, Pandey Deolal S. Atmospheric peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN): a global budget and source attribution. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 2014; 14:2679-2698. [PMID: 33758588 PMCID: PMC7983850 DOI: 10.5194/acp-14-2679-2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) formed in the atmospheric oxidation of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) is the principal tropospheric reservoir for nitrogen oxide radicals (NOx = NO + NO2). PAN enables the transport and release of NOx to the remote troposphere with major implications for the global distributions of ozone and OH, the main tropospheric oxidants. Simulation of PAN is a challenge for global models because of the dependence of PAN on vertical transport as well as complex and uncertain NMVOC sources and chemistry. Here we use an improved representation of NMVOCs in a global 3-D chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) and show that it can simulate PAN observations from aircraft campaigns worldwide. The immediate carbonyl precursors for PAN formation include acetaldehyde (44% of the global source), methylglyoxal (30 %), acetone (7 %), and a suite of other isoprene and terpene oxidation products (19 %). A diversity of NMVOC emissions is responsible for PAN formation globally including isoprene (37 %) and alkanes (14 %). Anthropogenic sources are dominant in the extratropical Northern Hemisphere outside the growing season. Open fires appear to play little role except at high northern latitudes in spring, although results are very sensitive to plume chemistry and plume rise. Lightning NOx is the dominant contributor to the observed PAN maximum in the free troposphere over the South Atlantic.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. V. Fischer
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - D. J. Jacob
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - R. M. Yantosca
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - M. P. Sulprizio
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - D. B. Millet
- Department of Soil, Water and Climate, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - J. Mao
- Princeton University, GFDL, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - F. Paulot
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - H. B. Singh
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
| | - A. Roiger
- Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
| | - L. Ries
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R.W. Talbot
- Federal Environment Agency, GAW Global Station Zugspitze/Hohenpeissenberg, Zugspitze, Germany
| | - K. Dzepina
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
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9
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Li J, Lu K, Lv W, Li J, Zhong L, Ou Y, Chen D, Huang X, Zhang Y. Fast increasing of surface ozone concentrations in Pearl River Delta characterized by a regional air quality monitoring network during 2006-2011. J Environ Sci (China) 2014; 26:23-36. [PMID: 24649688 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(13)60377-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Based on the observation by a Regional Air Quality Monitoring Network including 16 monitoring stations, temporal and spatial variations of ozone (O3), NO2 and total oxidant (O(x)) were analyzed by both linear regression and cluster analysis. A fast increase of regional O3 concentrations of 0.86 ppbV/yr was found for the annual averaged values from 2006 to 2011 in Guangdong, China. Such fast O3 increase is accompanied by a correspondingly fast NO(x) reduction as indicated by a fast NO2 reduction rate of 0.61 ppbV/yr. Based on a cluster analysis, the monitoring stations were classified into two major categories--rural stations (non-urban) and suburban/urban stations. The O3 concentrations at rural stations were relatively conserved while those at suburban/urban stations showed a fast increase rate of 2.0 ppbV/yr accompanied by a NO2 reduction rate of 1.2 ppbV/yr. Moreover, a rapid increase of the averaged O3 concentrations in springtime (13%/yr referred to 2006 level) was observed, which may result from the increase of solar duration, reduction of precipitation in Guangdong and transport from Eastern Central China. Application of smog production algorithm showed that the photochemical O3 production is mainly volatile organic compounds (VOC)-controlled. However, the photochemical O3 production is sensitive to both NO(x) and VOC for O3 pollution episode. Accordingly, it is expected that a combined NO(x) and VOC reduction will be helpful for the reduction of the O3 pollution episodes in Pearl River Delta while stringent VOC emission control is in general required for the regional O3 pollution control.
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10
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Lin M, Fiore AM, Cooper OR, Horowitz LW, Langford AO, Levy H, Johnson BJ, Naik V, Oltmans SJ, Senff CJ. Springtime high surface ozone events over the western United States: Quantifying the role of stratospheric intrusions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2012jd018151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Zhang Y, Liu H, Crawford JH, Considine DB, Chan C, Oltmans SJ, Thouret V. Distribution, variability and sources of tropospheric ozone over south China in spring: Intensive ozonesonde measurements at five locations and modeling analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2012jd017498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Ford B, Heald CL. An A-train and model perspective on the vertical distribution of aerosols and CO in the Northern Hemisphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Neuman JA, Trainer M, Aikin KC, Angevine WM, Brioude J, Brown SS, de Gouw JA, Dube WP, Flynn JH, Graus M, Holloway JS, Lefer BL, Nedelec P, Nowak JB, Parrish DD, Pollack IB, Roberts JM, Ryerson TB, Smit H, Thouret V, Wagner NL. Observations of ozone transport from the free troposphere to the Los Angeles basin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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14
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Lin M, Fiore AM, Horowitz LW, Cooper OR, Naik V, Holloway J, Johnson BJ, Middlebrook AM, Oltmans SJ, Pollack IB, Ryerson TB, Warner JX, Wiedinmyer C, Wilson J, Wyman B. Transport of Asian ozone pollution into surface air over the western United States in spring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Cooper OR, Oltmans SJ, Johnson BJ, Brioude J, Angevine W, Trainer M, Parrish DD, Ryerson TR, Pollack I, Cullis PD, Ives MA, Tarasick DW, Al-Saadi J, Stajner I. Measurement of western U.S. baseline ozone from the surface to the tropopause and assessment of downwind impact regions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. R. Cooper
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - S. J. Oltmans
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - B. J. Johnson
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. Brioude
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - W. Angevine
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - M. Trainer
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. D. Parrish
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - T. R. Ryerson
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - I. Pollack
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - P. D. Cullis
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - M. A. Ives
- Trinidad Head Observatory, ESRL; NOAA; Trinidad Head California USA
| | - D. W. Tarasick
- Experimental Studies Research Division, MSC; Environment Canada; Downsview, Ontario Canada
| | - J. Al-Saadi
- Tropospheric Chemistry Program, Earth Science Division, Science Mission Directorate; NASA; Washington D. C. USA
| | - I. Stajner
- Noblis; Falls Church Virginia USA
- Office of Science and Technology, National Weather Service; NOAA; Silver Spring Maryland USA
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McDonald-Buller EC, Allen DT, Brown N, Jacob DJ, Jaffe D, Kolb CE, Lefohn AS, Oltmans S, Parrish DD, Yarwood G, Zhang L. Establishing policy relevant background (PRB) ozone concentrations in the United States. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:9484-9497. [PMID: 21985705 DOI: 10.1021/es2022818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Policy Relevant Background (PRB) ozone concentrations are defined by the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as those concentrations that would occur in the U.S. in the absence of anthropogenic emissions in continental North America (i.e., the U.S, Canada, and Mexico). Estimates of PRB ozone have had an important role historically in the EPA's human health and welfare risk analyses used in establishing National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The margin of safety for the protection of public health in the ozone rulemaking process has been established from human health risks calculated based on PRB ozone estimates. Sensitivity analyses conducted by the EPA have illustrated that changing estimates of PRB ozone concentrations have a progressively greater impact on estimates of mortality risk as more stringent standards are considered. As defined by the EPA, PRB ozone is a model construct, but it is informed by measurements at relatively remote monitoring sites (RRMS). This review examines the current understanding of PRB ozone, based on both model predictions and measurements at RRMS, and provides recommendations for improving the definition and determination of PRB ozone.
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18
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Brown-Steiner B, Hess P. Asian influence on surface ozone in the United States: A comparison of chemistry, seasonality, and transport mechanisms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd015846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Cooper M, Martin RV, Sauvage B, Boone CD, Walker KA, Bernath PF, McLinden CA, Degenstein DA, Volz-Thomas A, Wespes C. Evaluation of ACE-FTS and OSIRIS Satellite retrievals of ozone and nitric acid in the tropical upper troposphere: Application to ozone production efficiency. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd015056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Fang Y, Fiore AM, Horowitz LW, Levy H, Hu Y, Russell AG. Sensitivity of the NOybudget over the United States to anthropogenic and lightning NOxin summer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Yang Q, Cunnold DM, Choi Y, Wang Y, Nam J, Wang HJ, Froidevaux L, Thompson AM, Bhartia PK. A study of tropospheric ozone column enhancements over North America using satellite data and a global chemical transport model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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23
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Fischer EV, Jaffe DA, Reidmiller DR, Jaeglé L. Meteorological controls on observed peroxyacetyl nitrate at Mount Bachelor during the spring of 2008. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Rastigejev Y, Park R, Brenner MP, Jacob DJ. Resolving intercontinental pollution plumes in global models of atmospheric transport. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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Increasing springtime ozone mixing ratios in the free troposphere over western North America. Nature 2010; 463:344-8. [DOI: 10.1038/nature08708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Chiang CK, Fan JF, Li J, Chang JS. Impact of Asian continental outflow on the springtime ozone mixing ratio in northern Taiwan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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27
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Climate Change and Air Pollution: Exploring the Synergies and Potential for Mitigation in Industrializing Countries. SUSTAINABILITY 2009. [DOI: 10.3390/su1010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Pfister GG, Emmons LK, Hess PG, Lamarque JF, Thompson AM, Yorks JE. Analysis of the Summer 2004 ozone budget over the United States using Intercontinental Transport Experiment Ozonesonde Network Study (IONS) observations and Model of Ozone and Related Tracers (MOZART-4) simulations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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29
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Koumoutsaris S, Bey I, Generoso S, Thouret V. Influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on the interannual variability of tropospheric ozone in the northern midlatitudes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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Wu S, Mickley LJ, Jacob DJ, Rind D, Streets DG. Effects of 2000–2050 changes in climate and emissions on global tropospheric ozone and the policy-relevant background surface ozone in the United States. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Parrington M, Jones DBA, Bowman KW, Horowitz LW, Thompson AM, Tarasick DW, Witte JC. Estimating the summertime tropospheric ozone distribution over North America through assimilation of observations from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Lamsal LN, Martin RV, van Donkelaar A, Steinbacher M, Celarier EA, Bucsela E, Dunlea EJ, Pinto JP. Ground-level nitrogen dioxide concentrations inferred from the satellite-borne Ozone Monitoring Instrument. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Yamaji K, Ohara T, Uno I, Kurokawa JI, Pochanart P, Akimoto H. Future prediction of surface ozone over east Asia using Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System and Regional Emission Inventory in Asia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Wu S, Mickley LJ, Leibensperger EM, Jacob DJ, Rind D, Streets DG. Effects of 2000–2050 global change on ozone air quality in the United States. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Wuebbles DJ, Lei H, Lin J. Intercontinental transport of aerosols and photochemical oxidants from Asia and its consequences. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2007; 150:65-84. [PMID: 17714840 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2007] [Accepted: 06/22/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The intercontinental transport of aerosols and photochemical oxidants from Asia is a crucial issue for air quality concerns in countries downwind of the significant emissions and concentrations of pollutants occurring in this important region of the world. Since the lifetimes of some important pollutants are long enough to be transported over long distance in the troposphere, regional control strategies for air pollution in downwind countries might be ineffective without considering the effects of long-range transport of pollutants from Asia. Field campaigns provide strong evidence for the intercontinental transport of Asian pollutants. They, together with ground-based observations and model simulations, show that the air quality over parts of North America is being affected by the pollutants transported from Asia. This paper examines the current understanding of the intercontinental transport of gases and aerosols from Asia and resulting effects on air quality, and on the regional and global climate system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald J Wuebbles
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 105 S. Gregory Street, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
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Wespes C, Hurtmans D, Herbin H, Barret B, Turquety S, Hadji‐Lazaro J, Clerbaux C, Coheur P. First global distributions of nitric acid in the troposphere and the stratosphere derived from infrared satellite measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd008202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Wespes
- Spectroscopie de l’Atmosphère, Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
| | - Daniel Hurtmans
- Spectroscopie de l’Atmosphère, Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
| | - Hervé Herbin
- Spectroscopie de l’Atmosphère, Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
| | - Brice Barret
- Spectroscopie de l’Atmosphère, Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
- Now at Laboratoire d’Aérologie, UMR 5560 CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Observatoire de Midi‐Pyrénées, Toulouse, France
| | - Solène Turquety
- Service d’Aéronomie, Institut Pierre‐Simon Laplace Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France
| | - Juliette Hadji‐Lazaro
- Service d’Aéronomie, Institut Pierre‐Simon Laplace Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France
| | - Cathy Clerbaux
- Spectroscopie de l’Atmosphère, Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
- Service d’Aéronomie, Institut Pierre‐Simon Laplace Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France
| | - Pierre‐François Coheur
- Spectroscopie de l’Atmosphère, Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
- Research Associate with the F.N.R.S. Belgium
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37
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Sudo K, Akimoto H. Global source attribution of tropospheric ozone: Long-range transport from various source regions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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38
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Bousserez N, Attié JL, Peuch VH, Michou M, Pfister G, Edwards D, Emmons L, Mari C, Barret B, Arnold SR, Heckel A, Richter A, Schlager H, Lewis A, Avery M, Sachse G, Browell EV, Hair JW. Evaluation of the MOCAGE chemistry transport model during the ICARTT/ITOP experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Bousserez
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie; Université Paul Sabatier; Toulouse France
| | - J. L. Attié
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie; Université Paul Sabatier; Toulouse France
| | - V. H. Peuch
- Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques/Météo France; Toulouse France
| | - M. Michou
- Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques/Météo France; Toulouse France
| | - G. Pfister
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. Edwards
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - L. Emmons
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - C. Mari
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie; Université Paul Sabatier; Toulouse France
| | - B. Barret
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie; Université Paul Sabatier; Toulouse France
| | - S. R. Arnold
- Institute for Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
| | - A. Heckel
- Institute of Environmental Physics; Bremen Germany
| | - A. Richter
- Institute of Environmental Physics; Bremen Germany
| | - H. Schlager
- Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre; Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt; Operpfaffenhofen, Wessling Germany
| | - A. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; York UK
| | - M. Avery
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - G. Sachse
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | | | - J. W. Hair
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
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39
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Liang Q, Jaeglé L, Hudman RC, Turquety S, Jacob DJ, Avery MA, Browell EV, Sachse GW, Blake DR, Brune W, Ren X, Cohen RC, Dibb JE, Fried A, Fuelberg H, Porter M, Heikes BG, Huey G, Singh HB, Wennberg PO. Summertime influence of Asian pollution in the free troposphere over North America. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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41
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Cook PA, Savage NH, Turquety S, Carver GD, O'Connor FM, Heckel A, Stewart D, Whalley LK, Parker AE, Schlager H, Singh HB, Avery MA, Sachse GW, Brune W, Richter A, Burrows JP, Purvis R, Lewis AC, Reeves CE, Monks PS, Levine JG, Pyle JA. Forest fire plumes over the North Atlantic: p-TOMCAT model simulations with aircraft and satellite measurements from the ITOP/ICARTT campaign. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Cook
- Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Nicholas H. Savage
- Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
- Atmospheric Chemistry Modelling Support Unit, National Environment Research Council Centres for Atmospheric Sciences; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Solène Turquety
- Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling Group; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Glenn D. Carver
- Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
- Atmospheric Chemistry Modelling Support Unit, National Environment Research Council Centres for Atmospheric Sciences; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Fiona M. O'Connor
- Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Andreas Heckel
- Institute of Environmental Physics; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
| | - David Stewart
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | | | - Alex E. Parker
- Department of Chemistry; University of Leicester; Leicester UK
| | - Hans Schlager
- Institut fuer Physik der Atmosphaere; Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt; Oberpfaffenhofen Germany
| | | | | | | | - William Brune
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Andreas Richter
- Institute of Environmental Physics; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
| | - John P. Burrows
- Institute of Environmental Physics; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
| | - Ruth Purvis
- Facility of Airborne Atmospheric Measurements; Cranfield UK
| | | | - Claire E. Reeves
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - Paul S. Monks
- Department of Chemistry; University of Leicester; Leicester UK
| | - James G. Levine
- Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - John A. Pyle
- Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
- Atmospheric Chemistry Modelling Support Unit, National Environment Research Council Centres for Atmospheric Sciences; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
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42
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Hudman RC, Jacob DJ, Turquety S, Leibensperger EM, Murray LT, Wu S, Gilliland AB, Avery M, Bertram TH, Brune W, Cohen RC, Dibb JE, Flocke FM, Fried A, Holloway J, Neuman JA, Orville R, Perring A, Ren X, Sachse GW, Singh HB, Swanson A, Wooldridge PJ. Surface and lightning sources of nitrogen oxides over the United States: Magnitudes, chemical evolution, and outflow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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43
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Turquety S, Logan JA, Jacob DJ, Hudman RC, Leung FY, Heald CL, Yantosca RM, Wu S, Emmons LK, Edwards DP, Sachse GW. Inventory of boreal fire emissions for North America in 2004: Importance of peat burning and pyroconvective injection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Auvray M, Bey I, Llull E, Schultz MG, Rast S. A model investigation of tropospheric ozone chemical tendencies in long-range transported pollution plumes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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45
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Swartzendruber PC, Jaffe DA, Prestbo EM, Weiss-Penzias P, Selin NE, Park R, Jacob DJ, Strode S, Jaeglé L. Observations of reactive gaseous mercury in the free troposphere at the Mount Bachelor Observatory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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46
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Weiss-Penzias P, Jaffe DA, Swartzendruber P, Dennison JB, Chand D, Hafner W, Prestbo E. Observations of Asian air pollution in the free troposphere at Mount Bachelor Observatory during the spring of 2004. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Weiss-Penzias
- Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences Department; University of Washington; Bothell Washington USA
| | - Daniel A. Jaffe
- Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences Department; University of Washington; Bothell Washington USA
| | - Philip Swartzendruber
- Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences Department; University of Washington; Bothell Washington USA
| | - James B. Dennison
- Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences Department; University of Washington; Bothell Washington USA
| | - Duli Chand
- Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences Department; University of Washington; Bothell Washington USA
| | - William Hafner
- Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences Department; University of Washington; Bothell Washington USA
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47
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Liu X, Chance K, Sioris CE, Kurosu TP, Spurr RJD, Martin RV, Fu TM, Logan JA, Jacob DJ, Palmer PI, Newchurch MJ, Megretskaia IA, Chatfield RB. First directly retrieved global distribution of tropospheric column ozone from GOME: Comparison with the GEOS-CHEM model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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48
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Wild O, Prather MJ. Global tropospheric ozone modeling: Quantifying errors due to grid resolution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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49
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Heald CL, Jacob DJ, Park RJ, Alexander B, Fairlie TD, Yantosca RM, Chu DA. Transpacific transport of Asian anthropogenic aerosols and its impact on surface air quality in the United States. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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50
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Steiner AL, Tonse S, Cohen RC, Goldstein AH, Harley RA. Influence of future climate and emissions on regional air quality in California. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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