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Dessler AE, Schoeberl MR, Wang T, Davis SM, Rosenlof KH. Stratospheric water vapor feedback. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:18087-91. [PMID: 24082126 PMCID: PMC3831493 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1310344110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We show here that stratospheric water vapor variations play an important role in the evolution of our climate. This comes from analysis of observations showing that stratospheric water vapor increases with tropospheric temperature, implying the existence of a stratospheric water vapor feedback. We estimate the strength of this feedback in a chemistry-climate model to be +0.3 W/(m(2)⋅K), which would be a significant contributor to the overall climate sensitivity. One-third of this feedback comes from increases in water vapor entering the stratosphere through the tropical tropopause layer, with the rest coming from increases in water vapor entering through the extratropical tropopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. E. Dessler
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | | | - T. Wang
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - S. M. Davis
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305; and
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - K. H. Rosenlof
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305; and
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Interannual variation of water isotopologues at Vostok indicates a contribution from stratospheric water vapor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:17674-9. [PMID: 23798406 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1215209110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined measurements of water isotopologues of a snow pit at Vostok over the past 60 y reveal a unique signature that cannot be explained only by climatic features as usually done. Comparisons of the data using a general circulation model and a simpler isotopic distillation model reveal a stratospheric signature in the (17)O-excess record at Vostok. Our data and theoretical considerations indicate that mass-independent fractionation imprints the isotopic signature of stratospheric water vapor, which may allow for a distinction between stratospheric and tropospheric influences at remote East Antarctic sites.
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Vogel B, Pan LL, Konopka P, Günther G, Müller R, Hall W, Campos T, Pollack I, Weinheimer A, Wei J, Atlas EL, Bowman KP. Transport pathways and signatures of mixing in the extratropical tropopause region derived from Lagrangian model simulations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pan LL, Bowman KP, Shapiro M, Randel WJ, Gao RS, Campos T, Davis C, Schauffler S, Ridley BA, Wei JC, Barnet C. Chemical behavior of the tropopause observed during the Stratosphere-Troposphere Analyses of Regional Transport experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Weinstock EM, Pittman JV, Sayres DS, Smith JB, Anderson JG, Wofsy SC, Xueref I, Gerbig C, Daube BC, Pfister L, Richard EC, Ridley BA, Weinheimer AJ, Jost HJ, Lopez JP, Loewenstein M, Thompson TL. Quantifying the impact of the North American monsoon and deep midlatitude convection on the subtropical lowermost stratosphere using in situ measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Thornton BF, Toohey DW, Tuck AF, Elkins JW, Kelly KK, Hovde SJ, Richard EC, Rosenlof KH, Thompson TL, Mahoney MJ, Wilson JC. Chlorine activation near the midlatitude tropopause. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Berthet G, Esler JG, Haynes PH. A Lagrangian perspective of the tropopause and the ventilation of the lowermost stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd008295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Jing P. Influence of isentropic transport on seasonal ozone variations in the lower stratosphere and subtropical upper troposphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Martinsson BG. Characteristics and origin of lowermost stratospheric aerosol at northern midlatitudes under volcanically quiescent conditions based on CARIBIC observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R. Schoeberl
- Earth Sciences Directorate; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
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Scheeren HA, Fischer H, Lelieveld J, Hoor P, Rudolph J, Arnold F, Bregman B, Brühl C, Engel A, van der Veen C, Brunner D. Reactive organic species in the northern extratropical lowermost stratosphere: Seasonal variability and implications for OH. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. A. Scheeren
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht (IMAU); Utrecht University; Utrecht Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry; Mainz Germany
| | - H. Fischer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry; Mainz Germany
| | - J. Lelieveld
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry; Mainz Germany
| | - P. Hoor
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry; Mainz Germany
- Institute for Atmospheric Science; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; Zurich Switzerland
| | - J. Rudolph
- Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry; York University; North York, Ontario Canada
| | - F. Arnold
- Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics; Heidelberg Germany
| | - B. Bregman
- Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI); De Bilt Netherlands
| | - C. Brühl
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry; Mainz Germany
| | - A. Engel
- Institute for Meteorology and Geophysics; Johann Wolfgang Goethe University; Frankfurt Germany
| | - C. van der Veen
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht (IMAU); Utrecht University; Utrecht Netherlands
| | - D. Brunner
- Institute for Atmospheric Science; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; Zurich Switzerland
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Prados AI. POAM III ozone in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere: Seasonal variability and comparisons to aircraft observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tuck AF. Exchange between the upper tropical troposphere and the lower stratosphere studied with aircraft observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pfister L, Selkirk HB, Jensen EJ, Podolske J, Sachse G, Avery M, Schoeberl MR, Mahoney MJ, Richard E. Processes controlling water vapor in the winter Arctic tropopause region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Henry B. Selkirk
- Space Physics Research Institute Center; Sunnyvale California USA
| | | | | | - Glen Sachse
- NASA/Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - Melody Avery
- NASA/Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | | | - Michael J. Mahoney
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
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Nedoluha GE, Bevilacqua RM, Hoppel KW, Lumpe JD, Smit H. Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement III measurements of water vapor in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hoor P, Fischer H, Lange L, Lelieveld J, Brunner D. Seasonal variations of a mixing layer in the lowermost stratosphere as identified by the CO-O3correlation from in situ measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd000289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hoor
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry; Mainz Germany
| | | | - Lutz Lange
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry; Mainz Germany
| | | | - Dominik Brunner
- Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute; De Bilt Netherlands
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Bregman B. Chemical ozone loss in the tropopause region on subvisible ice clouds, calculated with a chemistry-transport model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Jensen EJ, Pfister L, Ackerman AS, Tabazadeh A, Toon OB. A conceptual model of the dehydration of air due to freeze-drying by optically thin, laminar cirrus rising slowly across the tropical tropopause. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Johnson DG, Jucks KW, Traub WA, Chance KV. Isotopic composition of stratospheric water vapor: Implications for transport. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Seidel DJ, Ross RJ, Angell JK, Reid GC. Climatological characteristics of the tropical tropopause as revealed by radiosondes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Nielsen JE, Douglass AR. A simulation of bromoform's contribution to stratospheric bromine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Smith JB, Hintsa EJ, Allen NT, Stimpfle RM, Anderson JG. Mechanisms for midlatitude ozone loss: Heterogeneous chemistry in the lowermost stratosphere? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Pan LL, Hintsa EJ, Stone EM, Weinstock EM, Randel WJ. The seasonal cycle of water vapor and saturation vapor mixing ratio in the extratropical lowermost stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dethof A, O'Neill A, Slingo J. Quantification of the isentropic mass transport across the dynamical tropopause. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Stone EM, Pan L, Sandor BJ, Read WG, Waters JW. Spatial distributions of upper tropospheric water vapor measurements from the UARS Microwave Limb Sounder. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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27
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Zahn A, Brenninkmeijer CAM, Maiss M, Scharffe DH, Crutzen PJ, Hermann M, Heintzenberg J, Wiedensohler A, Güsten H, Heinrich G, Fischer H, Cuijpers JWM, van Velthoven PFJ. Identification of extratropical two-way troposphere-stratosphere mixing based on CARIBIC measurements of O3, CO, and ultrafine particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Toon GC, Blavier JF, Sen B, Margitan JJ, Webster CR, May RD, Fahey D, Gao R, Del Negro L, Proffitt M, Elkins J, Romashkin PA, Hurst DF, Oltmans S, Atlas E, Schauffler S, Flocke F, Bui TP, Stimpfle RM, Bonne GP, Voss PB, Cohen RC. Comparison of MkIV balloon and ER-2 aircraft measurements of atmospheric trace gases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ray EA, Moore FL, Elkins JW, Dutton GS, Fahey DW, Vömel H, Oltmans SJ, Rosenlof KH. Transport into the northern hemisphere lowermost stratosphere revealed by in situ tracer measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kärcher B, Solomon S. On the composition and optical extinction of particles in the tropopause region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zahn A, Neubert R, Maiss M, Platt U. Fate of long-lived trace species near the Northern Hemispheric tropopause: Carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, and sulfur hexafluoride. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lelieveld J, Bregman A, Scheeren HA, Ström J, Carslaw KS, Fischer H, Siegmund PC, Arnold F. Chlorine activation and ozone destruction in the northern lowermost stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zöger M, Engel A, McKenna DS, Schiller C, Schmidt U, Woyke T. Balloon-borne in situ measurements of stratospheric H2O, CH4and H2at midlatitudes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Cammas JP, Jacoby-Koaly S, Suhre K, Rosset R, Marenco A. Atlantic subtropical potential vorticity barrier as seen by Measurements of Ozone by Airbus In-Service Aircraft (MOZAIC) flights. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd01883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Schoeberl MR, Jackman CH, Rosenfield JE. A Lagrangian estimate of aircraft effluent lifetime. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pan L, Solomon S, Randel W, Lamarque JF, Hess P, Gille J, Chiou EW, McCormick MP. Hemispheric asymmetries and seasonal variations of the lowermost stratospheric water vapor and ozone derived from SAGE II data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd02778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tie X, Hess P. Ozone mass exchange between the stratosphere and troposphere for background and volcanic sulfate aerosol conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd01842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rood RB, Douglass AR, Cerniglia MC, Read WG. Synoptic-scale mass exchange from the troposphere to the stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd01598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rosenlof KH, Tuck AF, Kelly KK, Russell JM, McCormick MP. Hemispheric asymmetries in water vapor and inferences about transport in the lower stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Folkins I, Appenzeller C. Ozone and potential vorticity at the subtropical tropopause break. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd01711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Remsberg EE, Bhatt PP, Russell JM. Estimates of the water vapor budget of the stratosphere from UARS HALOE data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd03858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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