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Manso S, Calvo-Torras MÁ, De Belie N, Segura I, Aguado A. Evaluation of natural colonisation of cementitious materials: effect of bioreceptivity and environmental conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 512-513:444-453. [PMID: 25644840 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of living organisms, such as photosynthetic organisms, on the structure envelope has become a priority in the area of architecture and construction due to aesthetical, economic and ecological advantages. Important research efforts are made to achieve further improvements, such as for the development of cementitious materials with an enhanced bioreceptivity to stimulate biological growth. Previously, the study of the bioreceptivity of cementitious materials has been carried out mainly under laboratory conditions although field-scale experiments may present different results. This work aims at analysing the colonisation of cementitious materials with different levels of bioreceptivity by placing them in three different environmental conditions. Specimens did not present visual colonisation, which indicates that environmental conditions have a greater impact than intrinsic properties of the material at this stage. Therefore, it appears that in addition to an optimized bioreceptivity of the concrete (i.e., composition, porosity and roughness), extra measures are indispensable for a rapid development of biological growth on concrete surfaces. An analysis of the colonisation in terms of genus and quantity of the most representative microorganisms found on the specimens for each location was carried out and related to weather conditions, such as monthly average temperature and total precipitation, and air quality in terms of NOx, SO2, CO and O3. OPC-based specimens presented a higher colonisation regarding both biodiversity and quantity. However, results obtained in a previous experimental programme under laboratory conditions suggested a higher suitability of Magnesium Phosphate Cement-based (MPC-based) specimens for algal growth. Consequently, carefully considering the environment and the relationships between the different organisms present in an environment is vital for successfully using a cementitious material as a substrate for biological growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Manso
- Department of Construction Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Magnel Laboratory for Concrete Research, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, UGent, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 904, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - María Ángeles Calvo-Torras
- Department of Animals Health and Anatomy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, UAB, Building V, Campus of Bellaterra, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Nele De Belie
- Magnel Laboratory for Concrete Research, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, UGent, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 904, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ignacio Segura
- Department of Construction Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Aguado
- Department of Construction Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Crutzen PJ, Andreae MO. Biomass burning in the tropics: impact on atmospheric chemistry and biogeochemical cycles. Science 2010; 250:1669-78. [PMID: 17734705 DOI: 10.1126/science.250.4988.1669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 643] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Biomass burning is widespread, especially in the tropics. It serves to clear land for shifting cultivation, to convert forests to agricultural and pastoral lands, and to remove dry vegetation in order to promote agricultural productivity and the growth of higher yield grasses. Furthermore, much agricultural waste and fuel wood is being combusted, particularly in developing countries. Biomass containing 2 to 5 petagrams of carbon is burned annually (1 petagram = 10(15) grams), producing large amounts of trace gases and aerosol particles that play important roles in atmospheric chemistry and climate. Emissions of carbon monoxide and methane by biomass burning affect the oxidation efficiency of the atmosphere by reacting with hydroxyl radicals, and emissions of nitric oxide and hydrocarbons lead to high ozone concentrations in the tropics during the dry season. Large quantities of smoke particles are produced as well, and these can serve as cloud condensation nuclei. These particles may thus substantially influence cloud microphysical and optical properties, an effect that could have repercussions for the radiation budget and the hydrological cycle in the tropics. Widespread burning may also disturb biogeochemical cycles, especially that of nitrogen. About 50 percent of the nitrogen in the biomass fuel can be released as molecular nitrogen. This pyrdenitrification process causes a sizable loss of fixed nitrogen in tropical ecosystems, in the range of 10 to 20 teragrams per year (1 teragram = 10(12) grams).
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Yu J, Meixner FX, Sun W, Mamtimin B, Xia C, Xie W. Biogenic nitric oxide emission of mountain soils sampled from different vertical landscape zones in the Changbai Mountains, northeastern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2010; 44:4122-4128. [PMID: 20450189 DOI: 10.1021/es100380m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important component in nitrogen biogeochemical cycling produced through biological processes of nitrification and denitrification in soils, but the production and the consumption processes of NO in temperate mountain soil are less understood. Through laboratory experiments focusing on NO biogenic emissions from six kinds of mountain soils sampled from different vertical landscape zones, that is, coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest (CBF), fir forest (FF), spruce forest (SF), Erman's birch forest (EBF), alpine tundra (AT), and volcanic ash (VA), in the Changbai Mountains, northeastern China, we found that the optimum water-filled pore space (WFPS) for NO production varies between 22.5% and 35% for a range of mountain soils. The optimum soil moisture for the maximum NO emission for a certain soil type, however, was constant and independent of soil temperature. The NO emission potential for forest soils was about 7-50-fold higher than tundra soil and volcanic ash, indicating that it is strongly influenced by nutrient contents in soils. On the basis of laboratory results and field monitoring data, the average NO fluxes from these mountain soils were estimated to be 0.14-29.56 ng N m(-2) s(-1) for an entire plant growth period. NO emissions mainly occur in wet season for CBF and FF, but in dry season for other soil types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbao Yu
- Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Ecology, Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China.
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Yu J, Meixner FX, Sun W, Liang Z, Chen Y, Mamtimin B, Wang G, Sun Z. Biogenic nitric oxide emission from saline sodic soils in a semiarid region, northeastern China: A laboratory study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jg000576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junbao Yu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research for Sustainable Development; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yantai, Shandong China
- Biogeochemistry Department; Max Planck Institute for Chemistry; Mainz Germany
- Da'an Experimental Station of Sodic Soil Ecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun China
| | - Franz X. Meixner
- Biogeochemistry Department; Max Planck Institute for Chemistry; Mainz Germany
| | - Weidong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wushan, Guangzhou China
| | - Zhengwei Liang
- Da'an Experimental Station of Sodic Soil Ecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Da'an Experimental Station of Sodic Soil Ecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun China
| | - Buhalqem Mamtimin
- Biogeochemistry Department; Max Planck Institute for Chemistry; Mainz Germany
| | - Guoping Wang
- Da'an Experimental Station of Sodic Soil Ecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun China
| | - Zhigao Sun
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research for Sustainable Development; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yantai, Shandong China
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Dupont R, Butterbach-Bahl K, Delon C, Bruggemann N, Serça D. Neural network treatment of 4 years long NO measurement in temperate spruce and beech forests. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jg000665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Dupont
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie; Centre National de Recherche Scientifique/Université Paul Sabatier; Toulouse France
| | - K. Butterbach-Bahl
- Karlsruhe Research Center, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research; (IMK-IFU); Garmisch-Partenkirchen Germany
| | - C. Delon
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie; Centre National de Recherche Scientifique/Université Paul Sabatier; Toulouse France
| | - N. Bruggemann
- Karlsruhe Research Center, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research; (IMK-IFU); Garmisch-Partenkirchen Germany
| | - D. Serça
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie; Centre National de Recherche Scientifique/Université Paul Sabatier; Toulouse France
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Controls over nitric oxide and ammonia emissions from Mojave Desert soils. Oecologia 2008; 156:871-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-008-1031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2007] [Accepted: 03/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Holtgrieve GW, Jewett PK, Matson PA. Variations in soil N cycling and trace gas emissions in wet tropical forests. Oecologia 2005; 146:584-94. [PMID: 16205956 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-005-0222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2004] [Accepted: 07/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We used a previously described precipitation gradient in a tropical montane ecosystem of Hawai'i to evaluate how changes in mean annual precipitation (MAP) affect the processes resulting in the loss of N via trace gases. We evaluated three Hawaiian forests ranging from 2200 to 4050 mm year-1 MAP with constant temperature, parent material, ecosystem age, and vegetation. In situ fluxes of N2O and NO, soil inorganic nitrogen pools (NH4+ and NO3-), net nitrification, and net mineralization were quantified four times over 2 years. In addition, we performed 15N-labeling experiments to partition sources of N2O between nitrification and denitrification, along with assays of nitrification potential and denitrification enzyme activity (DEA). Mean NO and N2O emissions were highest at the mesic end of the gradient (8.7+/-4.6 and 1.1+/-0.3 ng N cm-2 h-1, respectively) and total oxidized N emitted decreased with increased MAP. At the wettest site, mean trace gas fluxes were at or below detection limit (<or=0.2 ng N cm-2 h-1). Isotopic labeling showed that with increasing MAP, the source of N2O changed from predominately nitrification to predominately denitrification. There was an increase in extractible NH4+ and decline in NO3- , while mean net mineralization and nitrification did not change from the mesic to intermediate sites but decreased dramatically at the wettest site. Nitrification potential and DEA were highest at the mesic site and lowest at the wet site. MAP exerts strong control N cycling processes and the magnitude and source of N trace gas flux from soil through soil redox conditions and the supply of electron donors and acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Holtgrieve
- Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Braun Hall, Building 320, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Wang Q, Han Z, Higano Y. An inventory of nitric oxide emissions from soils in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2005; 135:83-90. [PMID: 15701395 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2004.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2004] [Accepted: 10/15/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The emission of NO was parameterized using empirical relationships with landuse type, fertilization rate and soil temperature. Eight landuse types (including four arable lands) were considered. Fertilization rates were distinguished for different regions and crops. A typical summer period of July in 1999 was chosen for detailed calculations. The total NO emission in the July is 141.1 Gg N, with 73.7% from arable lands and 22.0% from grasslands. The highest emission intensity can be more than 40 ng N m(-2) s(-1) in the heavily fertilized North China Plain, and the average of the whole lands is 6.5 ng N m(-2) s(-1). The annual emission was roughly estimated to be 657 Gg N, about 11.7% of the global total (5600 Gg N, reported by IPCC in 2000), and about 12.5% of the anthropogenic origin in China. Our results were compared with some earlier findings, and uncertainties were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin'geng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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Pinto ADS. Soil emissions of N2O, NO, and CO2in Brazilian Savannas: Effects of vegetation type, seasonality, and prescribed fires. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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10
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Gut A. NO emission from an Amazonian rain forest soil: Continuous measurements of NO flux and soil concentration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Otter LB, Yang WX, Scholes MC, Meixner FX. Nitric oxide emissions from a southern African savanna. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hall SJ, Matson PA, Roth PM. NOxEMISSIONS FROM SOIL: Implications for Air Quality Modeling in Agricultural Regions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev.energy.21.1.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon J. Hall
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, Division of Ecosystem Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Pamela A. Matson
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, Division of Ecosystem Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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Parsons DAB, Scholes MC, Scholes RJ, Levine JS. Biogenic NO emissions from savanna soils as a function of fire regime, soil type, soil nitrogen, and water status. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd02140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Harris GW, Wienhold FG, Zenker T. Airborne observations of strong biogenic NOxemissions from the Namibian savanna at the end of the dry season. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd01278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zepp RG, Miller WL, Burke RA, Parsons DAB, Scholes MC. Effects of moisture and burning on soil-atmosphere exchange of trace carbon gases in a southern African savanna. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd01371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Levine JS, Winstead EL, Parsons DAB, Scholes MC, Scholes RJ, Cofer WR, Cahoon DR, Sebacher DI. Biogenic soil emissions of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from savannas in South Africa: The impact of wetting and burning. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Le Roux X, Abbadie L, Lensi R, Serça D. Emission of nitrogen monoxide from African tropical ecosystems: Control of emission by soil characteristics in humid and dry savannas of West Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd01923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Neff JC, Keller M, Holland EA, Weitz AW, Veldkamp E. Fluxes of nitric oxide from soils following the clearing and burning of a secondary tropical rain forest. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd02027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Groffman PM. A conceptual assessment of the importance of denitrification as a source of soil nitrogen loss in tropical agro-ecosystems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00750508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lodge D, McDowell W, McSwiney C. The importance of nutrient pulses in tropical forests. Trends Ecol Evol 1994; 9:384-7. [DOI: 10.1016/0169-5347(94)90060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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West NE, Stark JM, Johnson DW, Abrams MM, Wight JR, Heggem D, Peck S. Effects of climatic change on the edaphic features of arid and semiarid lands of western North America. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1080/15324989409381408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sanhueza E, Cárdenas L, Donoso L, Santana M. Effect of plowing on CO2, CO, CH4, N2O, and NO fluxes from tropical savannah soils. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1029/94jd00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Valente RJ, Thornton FC. Emissions of NO from soil at a rural site in central Tennessee. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1029/93jd01417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Stocker DW, Stedman DH, Zeller KF, Massman WJ, Fox DG. Fluxes of nitrogen oxides and ozone measured by eddy correlation over a shortgrass prairie. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1029/93jd00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Cárdenas L, Rondón A, Johansson C, Sanhueza E. Effects of soil moisture, temperature, and inorganic nitrogen on nitric oxide emissions from acidic tropical savannah soils. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1029/93jd01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Williams EJ, Guenther A, Fehsenfeldi FC. An inventory of nitric oxide emissions from soils in the United States. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/92jd00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bakwin PS, Wofsy SC, Fan SM, Fitzjarrald DR. Measurements of NOxand NOyconcentrations and fluxes over Arctic tundra. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/91jd00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Müller JF. Geographical distribution and seasonal variation of surface emissions and deposition velocities of atmospheric trace gases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/91jd02757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lopez A, Huertas ML, Lacome JM. Numerical simulation of the ozone chemistry observed over forested tropical areas during DECAFE experiments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/91jd00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Gao W, Wesely ML, Lee IY. A numerical study of the effects of air chemistry on fluxes of NO, NO2, and O3near the surface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1029/91jd02106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Slemr F, Seiler W. Field study of environmental variables controlling the NO emissions from soil and the NO compensation point. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1029/91jd01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Davidson EA, Vitousek PM, Matson PA, Riley R, García-Méndez G, Maass JM. Soil emissions of nitric oxide in a seasonally dry tropical forest of México. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1029/91jd01476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Williams EJ, Fehsenfeld FC. Measurement of soil nitrogen oxide emissions at three North American ecosystems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1029/90jd01903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bakwin PS, Wofsy SC, Fan SM, Keller M, Trumbore SE, Da Costa JM. Emission of nitric oxide (NO) from tropical forest soils and exchange of NO between the forest canopy and atmospheric boundary layers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1029/jd095id10p16755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Levine JS, Cofer WR, Sebacher DI, Rhinehart RP, Winstead EL, Sebacher S, Hinkle CR, Schmalzer PA, Koller AM. The effects of fire on biogenic emissions of methane and nitric oxide from wetlands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1029/jd095id02p01853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Sanhueza E, Hao WM, Scharffe D, Donoso L, Crutzen PJ. N2O and NO emissions from soils of the northern part of the Guayana Shield, Venezuela. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1029/jd095id13p22481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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38
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Atherton CS, Penner JE. The effects of biogenic hydrocarbons on the transformation of nitrogen oxides in the troposphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1029/jd095id09p14027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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