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Anagnosti E, Tedeschi H. The mechanism of low-amplitude orthophosphate-induced swelling in isolated rat liver mitochondria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 47:520-5. [PMID: 19866749 PMCID: PMC2108091 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.47.2.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Anagnosti
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12203
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LEHNINGER AL, RAY BL, SCHNEIDER M. The swelling of rat liver mitochondria by thyroxine and its reversal. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2000; 5:97-108. [PMID: 13630940 PMCID: PMC2224634 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.5.1.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro swelling action of L-thyroxine on rat liver mitochondria as examined photometrically represents an acceleration of a process which the mitochondria are already inherently capable of undergoing spontaneously, as indicated by the identical kinetic characteristics and the extent of thyroxine-induced and spontaneous swelling, the nearly identical pH dependence, and the fact that sucrose has a specific inhibitory action on both types of swelling. However, thyroxine does not appear to be a "catalyst" or coenzyme since it does not decrease the temperature coefficient of spontaneous swelling. The temperature coefficient is very high, approximately 6.0 near 20 degrees . Aging of mitochondria at 0 degrees causes loss of thyroxine sensitivity which correlates closely with the loss of bound DPN from the mitochondria, but not with loss of activity of the respiratory chain or with the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation. Tests with various respiratory chain inhibitors showed that the oxidation state of bound DPN may be a major determinant of thyroxine sensitivity; the oxidation state of the other respiratory carriers does not appear to influence sensitivity to thyroxine. These facts and other considerations suggest that a bound form of mitochondrial DPN is the "target" of the action of thyroxine. The thyroxine-induced swelling is not reversed by increasing the osmolar concentration of external sucrose, but can be "passively" or osmotically reversed by adding the high-particle weight solute polyvinylpyrrolidone. The mitochondrial membrane becomes more permeable to sucrose during the swelling reaction. On the other hand, thyroxine-induced swelling can be "actively" reversed by ATP in a medium of 0.15 M KCl or NaCl but not in a 0.30 M sucrose medium. The action of ATP is specific; ADP, Mn(++), and ethylenediaminetetraacetate are not active. It is concluded that sucrose is an inhibitor of the enzymatic relationship between oxidative phosphorylation and the contractility and permeability properties of the mitochondrial membrane. Occurrence of different types of mitochondrial swelling, the intracellular factors affecting the swelling and shrinking of mitochondria, as well as the physiological significance of thyroxine-induced swelling are discussed.
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Abstract
Reduced glutathione, in concentrations approximating those occurring in intact rat liver, causes swelling of rat liver mitochondria in vitro which is different in kinetics and extent from that yielded by L-thyroxine. The effect is also given by cysteine, which is more active, and reduced coenzyme A, but not by L-ascorbate, cystine, or oxidized glutathione. The optimum pH is 6.5, whereas thyroxine-induced swelling is optimal at pH 7.5. The GSH-induced swelling is not inhibited by DNP or dicumarol, nor by high concentrations of sucrose, serum albumin, or polyvinylpyrrolidone, in contrast to thyroxine-induced swelling. ATP inhibits the GSH swelling, but ADP and AMP are ineffective. Mn-+ is a very potent inhibitor, but Mg++ is ineffective. Ethylenediaminetetraacetate is also an effective inhibitor of GSH-induced swelling. The respiratory inhibitors amytal and antimycin A do not inhibit the swelling action of GSH, but cyanide does; these findings are consistent with the view that the oxidation-reduction state of the respiratory chain between cytochrome c and oxygen is a determinant of GSH-induced swelling. Reversal of GSH-induced swelling by osmotic means or by ATP in KCl media could not be observed. Large losses of nucleotides and protein occur during the swelling by GSH, suggesting that the action is irreversible. The characteristically drastic swelling action of GSH could be prevented if L-thyroxine was also present in the medium.
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AHMED K, SCHOLEFIELD PG. Studies of fatty acid oxidation. 7. The effects of fatty acids on the phosphate metabolism of slice and mitochondrial preparations of rat liver. Biochem J 1998; 81:37-45. [PMID: 13859742 PMCID: PMC1243293 DOI: 10.1042/bj0810037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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KAUFMAN BT, KAPLAN NO. Effects of substrates on the swelling and loss of pyridine/nucleotides from rat-liver mitochondria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998; 32:576-7. [PMID: 14404850 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(59)90647-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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HONDA SI, MUENSTER AM. Optically-measured and packed volume of lupine mitochondria. Arch Biochem Biophys 1998; 88:118-27. [PMID: 14402941 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(60)90206-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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LUCY JA, LUSCOMBE M, DINGLE JT. STUDIES ON THE MODE OF ACTION OF EXCESS OF VITAMIN A. 8. MITOCHONDRIAL SWELLING. Biochem J 1996; 89:419-25. [PMID: 14101959 PMCID: PMC1202445 DOI: 10.1042/bj0890419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zoratti
- CNR Unit for the Physiology of Mitochondria, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Padova, Italy
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Schmidt GE, Martin AP, Vorbeck ML. Mitochondrial ultrastructure and volume during swelling. JOURNAL OF ULTRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH 1977; 60:52-62. [PMID: 559777 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5320(77)80041-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Luzikov VN, Saks VA, Kupriyanov VV. Studies on the stabilization of an oxidative phosphorylation system. I. Resistance of a phosphorylating system of submitochondrial particles to trypsin, due to phosphorylation of ADP. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 253:46-57. [PMID: 4331272 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(71)90232-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Luzikov VN, Zubatov AS, Rainina EI. Degradation of mitochondrial respiratory system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, induced by respiratory inhibitors, uncouplers and anaerobiosis. FEBS Lett 1970; 11:233-236. [PMID: 11945494 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(70)80536-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V N. Luzikov
- Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, Moscow State University, USSR
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Voth D, Schäfer A. [Coparative photometric and electron microscopic studies on isolated rat brain mitochondria and microsomes in vitro under conditions of osmotic swelling and ATP-induced contraction]. Brain Res 1968; 10:322-41. [PMID: 5693844 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(68)90203-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Streichman S, Avi-Dor Y. The effect of osmotic 'shock' on the swelling pattern and respiratory control of rat-liver mitochondria. Biochem J 1967; 104:71-7. [PMID: 6035525 PMCID: PMC1270546 DOI: 10.1042/bj1040071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
1. Rat-liver mitochondria suspended in 0.25m-sucrose were exposed for a few seconds to strongly hypo-osmotic conditions, and then the osmolarity of the medium was raised again to 0.25 with the aid of tris chloride (osmotic ;shock'). 2. Mitochondria after hypo-osmotic pretreatment lost their capacity for slow energy-dependent swelling in iso-osmotic tris buffer and showed no respiratory control. 3. Swelling could be induced in the ;shocked' mitochondria by ATP but not by addition of respiratory substrates. 4. It was shown that cytochrome c is lost from ;shocked' mitochondria when they come into contact with the tris buffer present in the assay medium, and that the changes observed in the pattern of swelling, as well as in respiratory control, are directly connected with this loss of cytochrome c. 5. The results of the investigation are discussed with regard to the role of cytochrome c in swelling and respiratory control.
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Tsao SS, Cornatzer WE. Effect of digitonin and digitoxin on the phospholipid metabolism of mammalian tissue culture cells. Biochem Pharmacol 1967; 16:249-62. [PMID: 4166082 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(67)90027-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Hackenbrock CR. Ultrastructural bases for metabolically linked mechanical activity in mitochondria. I. Reversible ultrastructural changes with change in metabolic steady state in isolated liver mitochondria. J Cell Biol 1966; 30:269-97. [PMID: 5968972 PMCID: PMC2107001 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.30.2.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 711] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
By means of a new "quick-sampling" method, micropellets of mouse liver mitochondria were rapidly prepared for electron microscopy during the recording of steady state metabolism. Reversible ultrastructural changes were found to accompany change in metabolic steady states. The most dramatic reversible ultrastructural change occurs when ADP is added to systems in which only phosphate acceptor is deficient, i.e., during the State IV to State III transition as defined by Chance and Williams. After 15 min in State IV, mitochondria display an "orthodox" ultrastructural appearance as is usually observed after fixation within intact tissue. On transition to State III, a dramatic change in the manner of folding of the inner membrane takes place. In addition, the electron opacity of the matrix increases as the volume of the matrix decreases, but total mitochondrial volume does not appear to change during this transition. This conformation is called "condensed." Isolated mitochondria were found to oscillate between the orthodox and condensed conformations during reversible transitions between State III and State IV. Various significant ultrastructural changes in mitochondria also occur during transitions in other functional states, e.g., when substrate or substrate and acceptor is made limiting. Internal structural flexibility is discussed with respect to structural and functional integrity of isolated mitochondria. Reversible changes in the manner of folding of the inner membrane and in the manner of packing of small granules in the matrix as respiration is activated by ADP represent an ultrastructural basis for metabolically linked mechanical activity in tightly coupled mitochondria.
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Connelly JL, Lardy HA. The Effect of Adenosine Triphosphate and Substrate on Orthophosphate-induced Mitochondrial Swelling at Acid pH. J Biol Chem 1964. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)93854-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Michel R, Roche J, Michel O, Girard M, Rall J. Action and Metabolism of Thyroid Hormones and Iodine-donating Substances. J Biol Chem 1964. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)93853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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ARTIZZU M, BACCINO FM, DIANZANI MU. The action of carbon tetrachloride on mitochondria in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1963; 78:1-11. [PMID: 14098170 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(63)91604-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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AGHAJANIAN G. The effect of chlorpromazine on respiration of brain mitochondria as a function of metabolic state. Biochem Pharmacol 1963; 12:7-12. [PMID: 14011218 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(63)90003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Charnock JS. CALCIUM ACCUMULATION AND RESPIRATORY ACTIVITY OF THE SMALL INTESTINE OF THE RAT. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1963. [DOI: 10.1139/y63-115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The possible dependence of calcium accumulation upon respiratory activity of the rat small intestine has been investigated in vitro. The oxygen consumption of this tissue was relatively insensitive to the concentration of calcium in the medium; and the accumulation of radioactive calcium was greatly dependent upon ambient calcium concentration. At low concentrations of the medium the ratio of tissue calcium to that in the medium greatly exceeded unity, indicating an accumulation of this ion against a concentration gradient. However, this effect was also seen when the tissues were incubated in a gas phase of nitrogen instead of oxygen, demonstrating the lack of dependence of this process on tissue respiration. The rate at which calcium accumulated at 0° also suggests that the accumulation of calcium by the small intestine is not a metabolically controlled process but rather is a binding phenomenon similar to that reported for salivary gland of the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. S. Charnock
- McGill–Montreal General Hospital Research Institute, 3619 University Street, Montreal, Quebec
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GOSCH HH, ARCOS JC, ARGUS MF. Kinetics of Mitochondrial Swelling: Evidence for Specific Receptor Sites for Inducer Compounds. Nature 1962; 195:1179-81. [PMID: 13900625 DOI: 10.1038/1951179a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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NEUBERT D, LEHNINGER AL. The effect of oligomycin, gramicidin and other antibiotics on reversal of mitochondrial swelling by adenosine triphosphate. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1962; 62:556-65. [PMID: 14479156 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(62)90238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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NEUBERT D, FOSTER GV, LEHNINGER AL. Effect of temperature on uptake and extrusion of water by isolated rat-liver mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1962; 60:492-8. [PMID: 14479155 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(62)90868-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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The Peripheral Action of Thyroxine. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 1962. [DOI: 10.1016/s0083-6729(08)60719-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Giese W, Hörstebrock R. Allgemeine Pathologie des exogenen quantitativen Nahrungsmangels. ERNÄHRUNG 1962. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-28643-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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CHAPPELL JB, GREVILLE GD. Effects of oligomycin on respiration and swelling of isolated liver mitochondria. Nature 1961; 190:502-4. [PMID: 13692427 DOI: 10.1038/190502a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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EMMELOT P. Abolition by 2:4-dinitrophenol of the protective effect of succinate and adenine nucletides on the onset of the thvroxine-induced swelling of liver mitochondria. Nature 1960; 188:1197-9. [PMID: 13696700 DOI: 10.1038/1881197a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Correlation of Structural and Metabolic Changes Accompanying the Addition of Carbohydrates to Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells. J Biol Chem 1960. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)69390-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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EMMELOT P, BOS CJ, BROMBACHER PJ, REYERS IH. Swelling of Fresh and Aged Liver Mitochondria as affected by Succinate, Adenine Nucleotides and Thyroxine. Nature 1960; 186:556-8. [PMID: 13820194 DOI: 10.1038/186556b0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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EMMELOT P, BOS CJ, REYERS IH. Swelling of normal, preneoplastic and neoplastic liver mitochondria. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1960; 64:22-34. [PMID: 13726644 DOI: 10.1007/bf00524274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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CHAPPELL JB, GREVILLE GD. Mitochondrial swelling and electron transport I. Swelling supported by ferricyanide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1960; 38:483-94. [PMID: 13809258 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(60)91283-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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SHAW WV, LANNON TJ, TAPLEY DF. The effect of analogues of thyroxine and 2,4-dinitrophenol on the swelling of mitochondria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1959; 36:499-504. [PMID: 14445661 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(59)90191-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Stability of Oxidative Phosphorylation and Related Reactions in Isolated Liver Mitochondria. J Biol Chem 1959. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)70054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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CHAPPELL JB, GREVILLE GD. Effects of 2 : 4-Dinitrophenol and Other Agents on the Swelling of Isolated Mitochondria. Nature 1959; 183:1737-8. [PMID: 13666883 DOI: 10.1038/1831737a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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CHAPPELL JB, GREVILLE GD. Inhibition of electron transport and the swelling of isolated mitochondria. Nature 1959; 183:1525-6. [PMID: 13666800 DOI: 10.1038/1831525a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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