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Mamdani M, Williamson V, McMichael GO, Blevins T, Aliev F, Adkins A, Hack L, Bigdeli T, D. van der Vaart A, Web BT, Bacanu SA, Kalsi G, Kendler KS, Miles MF, Dick D, Riley BP, Dumur C, Vladimirov VI. Integrating mRNA and miRNA Weighted Gene Co-Expression Networks with eQTLs in the Nucleus Accumbens of Subjects with Alcohol Dependence. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137671. [PMID: 26381263 PMCID: PMC4575063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is known to lead to gene expression changes in the brain. After performing weighted gene co-expression network analyses (WGCNA) on genome-wide mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) expression in Nucleus Accumbens (NAc) of subjects with alcohol dependence (AD; N = 18) and of matched controls (N = 18), six mRNA and three miRNA modules significantly correlated with AD were identified (Bonferoni-adj. p≤ 0.05). Cell-type-specific transcriptome analyses revealed two of the mRNA modules to be enriched for neuronal specific marker genes and downregulated in AD, whereas the remaining four mRNA modules were enriched for astrocyte and microglial specific marker genes and upregulated in AD. Gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated that neuronal specific modules were enriched for genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction and MAPK signaling. Glial-specific modules were predominantly enriched for genes involved in processes related to immune functions, i.e. cytokine signaling (all adj. p≤ 0.05). In mRNA and miRNA modules, 461 and 25 candidate hub genes were identified, respectively. In contrast to the expected biological functions of miRNAs, correlation analyses between mRNA and miRNA hub genes revealed a higher number of positive than negative correlations (χ2 test p≤ 0.0001). Integration of hub gene expression with genome-wide genotypic data resulted in 591 mRNA cis-eQTLs and 62 miRNA cis-eQTLs. mRNA cis-eQTLs were significantly enriched for AD diagnosis and AD symptom counts (adj. p = 0.014 and p = 0.024, respectively) in AD GWAS signals in a large, independent genetic sample from the Collaborative Study on Genetics of Alcohol (COGA). In conclusion, our study identified putative gene network hubs coordinating mRNA and miRNA co-expression changes in the NAc of AD subjects, and our genetic (cis-eQTL) analysis provides novel insights into the etiological mechanisms of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Mamdani
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MM); (VIV)
| | - Vernell Williamson
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Gowon O. McMichael
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Tana Blevins
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Fazil Aliev
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Amy Adkins
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Laura Hack
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Tim Bigdeli
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Andrew D. van der Vaart
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Bradley Todd Web
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Silviu-Alin Bacanu
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Gursharan Kalsi
- Department of Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kenneth S. Kendler
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Michael F. Miles
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Danielle Dick
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Brien P. Riley
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Catherine Dumur
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Vladimir I. Vladimirov
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
- Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MM); (VIV)
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Komatsu M, Wheeler HE, Chung S, Low SK, Wing C, Delaney SM, Gorsic LK, Takahashi A, Kubo M, Kroetz DL, Zhang W, Nakamura Y, Dolan ME. Pharmacoethnicity in Paclitaxel-Induced Sensory Peripheral Neuropathy. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:4337-46. [PMID: 26015512 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Paclitaxel is used worldwide in the treatment of breast, lung, ovarian, and other cancers. Sensory peripheral neuropathy is an associated adverse effect that cannot be predicted, prevented, or mitigated. To better understand the contribution of germline genetic variation to paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy, we undertook an integrative approach that combines genome-wide association study (GWAS) data generated from HapMap lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) and Asian patients. METHODS GWAS was performed with paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity generated in 363 LCLs and with paclitaxel-induced neuropathy from 145 Asian patients. A gene-based approach was used to identify overlapping genes and compare with a European clinical cohort of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy. Neurons derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells were used for functional validation of candidate genes. RESULTS SNPs near AIPL1 were significantly associated with paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in Asian LCLs (P < 10(-6)). Decreased expression of AIPL1 resulted in decreased sensitivity of neurons to paclitaxel by inducing neurite morphologic changes as measured by increased relative total outgrowth, number of processes and mean process length. Using a gene-based analysis, there were 32 genes that overlapped between Asian LCL cytotoxicity and Asian patient neuropathy (P < 0.05), including BCR. Upon BCR knockdown, there was an increase in neuronal sensitivity to paclitaxel as measured by neurite morphologic characteristics. CONCLUSIONS We identified genetic variants associated with Asian paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity and functionally validated the AIPL1 and BCR in a neuronal cell model. Furthermore, the integrative pharmacogenomics approach of LCL/patient GWAS may help prioritize target genes associated with chemotherapeutic-induced peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Komatsu
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Heather E Wheeler
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Suyoun Chung
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Division of Cancer Development System, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Siew-Kee Low
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Core for Genomic Medicine, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan. Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Claudia Wing
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shannon M Delaney
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lidija K Gorsic
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Core for Genomic Medicine, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Core for Genomic Medicine, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Deanna L Kroetz
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yusuke Nakamura
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Eileen Dolan
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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10
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Travis LB, Fossa SD, Sesso HD, Frisina RD, Herrmann DN, Beard CJ, Feldman DR, Pagliaro LC, Miller RC, Vaughn DJ, Einhorn LH, Cox NJ, Dolan ME. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity and ototoxicity: new paradigms for translational genomics. J Natl Cancer Inst 2014; 106:dju044. [PMID: 24623533 PMCID: PMC4568989 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In view of advances in early detection and treatment, the 5-year relative survival rate for all cancer patients combined is now approximately 66%. As a result, there are more than 13.7 million cancer survivors in the United States, with this number increasing by 2% annually. For many patients, improvements in survival have been countered by therapy-associated adverse effects that may seriously impair long-term functional status, workplace productivity, and quality of life. Approximately 20% to 40% of cancer patients given neurotoxic chemotherapy develop chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN), which represents one of the most common and potentially permanent nonhematologic side effects of chemotherapy. Permanent bilateral hearing loss and/or tinnitus can result from several ototoxic therapies, including cisplatin- or carboplatin-based chemotherapy. CIPN and ototoxicity represent important challenges because of the lack of means for effective prevention, mitigation, or a priori identification of high-risk patients, and few studies have applied modern genomic approaches to understand underlying mechanisms/pathways. Translational genomics, including cell-based models, now offer opportunities to make inroads for the first time to develop preventive and interventional strategies for CIPN, ototoxicity, and other treatment-related complications. This commentary provides current perspective on a successful research strategy, with a focus on cisplatin, developed by an experienced, transdisciplinary group of researchers and clinicians, representing pharmacogenomics, statistical genetics, neurology, hearing science, medical oncology, epidemiology, and cancer survivorship. Principles outlined herein are applicable to the construction of research programs in translational genomics with strong clinical relevance and highlight unprecedented opportunities to understand, prevent, and treat long-term treatment-related morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois B Travis
- Affiliations of authors: Rubin Center for Cancer Survivorship and Department of Radiation Oncology (LBT) and Department of Neurology (DNH), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospital, Oslo, Norway (SDF); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (CJB); Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RDF); Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (DRF); Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (LCP); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (RCM); Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (DJV); Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN (LHE); Departments of Human Genetics (NJC) and Medicine (MED), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
| | - Sophie D Fossa
- Affiliations of authors: Rubin Center for Cancer Survivorship and Department of Radiation Oncology (LBT) and Department of Neurology (DNH), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospital, Oslo, Norway (SDF); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (CJB); Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RDF); Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (DRF); Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (LCP); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (RCM); Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (DJV); Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN (LHE); Departments of Human Genetics (NJC) and Medicine (MED), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Affiliations of authors: Rubin Center for Cancer Survivorship and Department of Radiation Oncology (LBT) and Department of Neurology (DNH), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospital, Oslo, Norway (SDF); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (CJB); Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RDF); Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (DRF); Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (LCP); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (RCM); Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (DJV); Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN (LHE); Departments of Human Genetics (NJC) and Medicine (MED), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Robert D Frisina
- Affiliations of authors: Rubin Center for Cancer Survivorship and Department of Radiation Oncology (LBT) and Department of Neurology (DNH), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospital, Oslo, Norway (SDF); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (CJB); Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RDF); Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (DRF); Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (LCP); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (RCM); Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (DJV); Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN (LHE); Departments of Human Genetics (NJC) and Medicine (MED), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - David N Herrmann
- Affiliations of authors: Rubin Center for Cancer Survivorship and Department of Radiation Oncology (LBT) and Department of Neurology (DNH), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospital, Oslo, Norway (SDF); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (CJB); Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RDF); Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (DRF); Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (LCP); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (RCM); Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (DJV); Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN (LHE); Departments of Human Genetics (NJC) and Medicine (MED), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Clair J Beard
- Affiliations of authors: Rubin Center for Cancer Survivorship and Department of Radiation Oncology (LBT) and Department of Neurology (DNH), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospital, Oslo, Norway (SDF); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (CJB); Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RDF); Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (DRF); Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (LCP); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (RCM); Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (DJV); Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN (LHE); Departments of Human Genetics (NJC) and Medicine (MED), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Darren R Feldman
- Affiliations of authors: Rubin Center for Cancer Survivorship and Department of Radiation Oncology (LBT) and Department of Neurology (DNH), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospital, Oslo, Norway (SDF); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (CJB); Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RDF); Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (DRF); Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (LCP); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (RCM); Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (DJV); Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN (LHE); Departments of Human Genetics (NJC) and Medicine (MED), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Lance C Pagliaro
- Affiliations of authors: Rubin Center for Cancer Survivorship and Department of Radiation Oncology (LBT) and Department of Neurology (DNH), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospital, Oslo, Norway (SDF); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (CJB); Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RDF); Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (DRF); Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (LCP); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (RCM); Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (DJV); Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN (LHE); Departments of Human Genetics (NJC) and Medicine (MED), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Robert C Miller
- Affiliations of authors: Rubin Center for Cancer Survivorship and Department of Radiation Oncology (LBT) and Department of Neurology (DNH), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospital, Oslo, Norway (SDF); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (CJB); Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RDF); Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (DRF); Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (LCP); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (RCM); Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (DJV); Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN (LHE); Departments of Human Genetics (NJC) and Medicine (MED), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - David J Vaughn
- Affiliations of authors: Rubin Center for Cancer Survivorship and Department of Radiation Oncology (LBT) and Department of Neurology (DNH), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospital, Oslo, Norway (SDF); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (CJB); Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RDF); Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (DRF); Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (LCP); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (RCM); Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (DJV); Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN (LHE); Departments of Human Genetics (NJC) and Medicine (MED), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Lawrence H Einhorn
- Affiliations of authors: Rubin Center for Cancer Survivorship and Department of Radiation Oncology (LBT) and Department of Neurology (DNH), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospital, Oslo, Norway (SDF); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (CJB); Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RDF); Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (DRF); Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (LCP); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (RCM); Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (DJV); Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN (LHE); Departments of Human Genetics (NJC) and Medicine (MED), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Nancy J Cox
- Affiliations of authors: Rubin Center for Cancer Survivorship and Department of Radiation Oncology (LBT) and Department of Neurology (DNH), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospital, Oslo, Norway (SDF); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (CJB); Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RDF); Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (DRF); Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (LCP); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (RCM); Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (DJV); Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN (LHE); Departments of Human Genetics (NJC) and Medicine (MED), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - M Eileen Dolan
- Affiliations of authors: Rubin Center for Cancer Survivorship and Department of Radiation Oncology (LBT) and Department of Neurology (DNH), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospital, Oslo, Norway (SDF); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (CJB); Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RDF); Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (DRF); Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (LCP); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (RCM); Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (DJV); Department of Medical Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN (LHE); Departments of Human Genetics (NJC) and Medicine (MED), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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